Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2013-09-13"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Ecologia das assembleias de peixes do Parque Estadual de Jurupará (PEJU,SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-13) Teshima, Fernanda Ayumi; Cetra, Maurício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120; Petrere Junior, Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9377772041367252; Casatti, Lilian
The general aim of this thesis is to understand the fish assemblages of headwater and small streams of Jurupará State Park, a protected area located in São Paulo State. Located among other four protected areas, the park functions as a connector and contributes to the conservation of the Atlantic Forest and Upper Juquiá River basin, located in the Ribeira de Iguape River basin. Ten stream reaches (3rd to 5th order) were sampled between June and December 2010. Ichthyofauna was collected with electrofishing equipment, while environmental variables were visually quantified during onsite surveys and with cartographic maps of the region. Local environmental variables consisted of coarse substrate, diversity of water velocity, proportion of mesohabitats (i.e., riffles, pools and runs), banks stability and shading. Regional environmental variables consisted of vegetation cover, catchment area, altitude and stream reach position according to sub-basin. Fish assemblages structure analyses according to environmental variables were divided into two chapters, presented as scientific papers. The first chapter analyzed two issues, (i) fish assemblages α and β components and (ii) patterns in species composition according to environmental variables. In order to approach the first issue, we used multiplicative partitioning of true diversities to calculate α and β components and compare them with expected values in a null model. The second issue was approached by reducing the number of environmental variables with PCA and using the most significant gradients as predictor variables in a db-RDA, followed by a species composition variation partitioning according to each significant variable. The α and β components observed were different from expected by chance and the variation in species composition was strongly related to environmental variables operating at different scales. The proportion of coarse substrate and bank stability contributed with 6% of species composition variation, while sub-basin contributed with 10%. Possibly, the low percentage of variation explained by the model can be justified by the scale of the environmental variables. If the structuring of fish assemblages follows the null metacommunity model predictions, then variables related to stream topology and species intrinsic characteristics are more likely to better explain the spatial organization of the fauna. In Chapter II, we used data of occurrence frequency, average abundance and biomass to identify rare and common species of the fish assemblages. Withal, we used linear multiple regression models to analyze the abundance of Isbrueckerichthys epakmos according to local environmental variables. The importance of this species relies on its classification as endemic in Ribeira de Iguape River basin and threatened, according to IUCN criterion. Five species were very abundant and widely distributed in the sampled reaches, including I. epakmos, whose distribution was strongly related to coarse substrate and proportion of riffles and runs. Eight rare species were identified, two of them being also endemic of Ribeira de Iguape River basin, Astyanax ribeirae e Neoplecostomus ribeirensis. The elevated taxonomic and functional diversity observed indicates that the studied streams still hold physical integrity to support the biota and, probably, local ecological processes, despite the presence of impoundments that support four small dams installed inside the park.
Promover a saúde, produzir famílias: a implementação da Estratégia Saúde da Família na Encosta da Serra Gaúcha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-13) Oliveira, Everton de; Feltran, Gabriel de Santis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8527667085012809
The Family Health Strategy (FHS) is a health care policy that organizes much of the Primary Care of the Brazilian Health System, called SUS. By standing at a care level that aims a daily relationship with the population, the FHS is critically seen as a policy that segregates distinct social strata, as an instrument of state aimed at containment of a population regarded as poor . In this dissertation, I seek to problematize this issue starting from an ethnography conducted in the city here called São Martinho, situated in the region of Encosta da Serra, northeastern Rio Grande do Sul. Starting from this issue, my research question is: how is FHS constituted? To answer it, my goal is to analyze the process of implementation of the FHS in São Martinho, from a field research conducted between 2011 and 2013. The object of the analysis, thus, is dynamic, meaning that its composition is in motion, as an entanglement of subjects and spaces involved in this process, mapped into three smaller bundles of relationships: 1) concerning the medical care, 2) the assisted residents, and 3) the government and politics. In this dissertation, the description of what constitutes the FHS in this process will not refer to the figure of a state, nor to a system separated from the dynamics of the municipality in question: it will depend on the involvement and relationship of disparate subjects, in a entanglement that do not produces antagonisms, but everyday disputes that redraws its contours. The two basic signs of FHS, health and family, will also be the main object in dispute.
Compósito de poliuretano elastomérico reforçado com fibra de juta: estudo das propriedades dinâmico-mecânicas e viscoelásticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-09-13) Oliveira, Robson Morijo de; Botaro, Vagner Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2907189124654066; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0811022650758269; Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537; Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0139027055418391
Composite technology of a polymer matrix reinforced with artificial fibers, like fiberglass, Kevlar, carbon, etc., has become specialty in recent times moved by advances in technology in some sectors such as automotive and aerospace. The composites already have come a long way in replacing conventional materials like metals and Woods. However with the goal to reduce costs and provide a sustainable growth, science has directed his attention in reinforced compounds with renewable material such as natural fibers. In this work, a study was conducted of the dynamic behavior-mechanical and thermodynamic transitions of second order, as is the case of the glass transition temperature, matrix composite polyurethane elastomers with jute fiber reinforcement. The relaxation that occurs in glassy transition region, also called primary relaxation or relaxation α to amorphous polymers, molecular movements resulting from long distances, involving the main polymer chain segments. The matrix was formed by a MDI-BDO system provided by the company Metso Brazil, PU Division. Metso Brazil manufactures PU screens used in crushing sieves in the mining industry, and this work studied replacing the pure PU fiber by composite reinforced with jute. The material was prepared in an open heated to 100º C with controlled temperature, the system was synthesized in a mixer pre-polymer ratio automatic PU of Baulé on following conditions: MDI, 45º C to 9.5 bar; BDO, 45 C 5.7 bar and D20, 69 C a11 .2 bar. For the characterization of mechanical properties of composite dynamic-mechanical analysis was performed in tension in a temperature range of 35 to 160° C and bending creep. The results showed that the composite had formed showed lower creep deformation in bending test compared to pure polyurethane, but higher strain compared to the composite fiberglass. The flexural modulus (E ') of jute fiber composite showed a higher value at higher temperatures than the unreinforced material. The composi