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Estrutura de metacomunidades de peixes em uma microbacia da Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-22)
Almeida, Rodrigo da Silva
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Cetra, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775493342513120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4423449163037358
;
Christianini, Alexander Vicente
The concept of metacommunities incorporates the influence of local and regional factors in structuring communities and has supported recent approaches related to patterns of distribution, abundance and species interactions. Within this concept, the species sorting model that assumes that a community is governed only by local factors, while the mass effect model assumes that a community is governed by local and regional effects. A stream system has a hierarchical dendritic network, in which the upstream water bodies are smaller and tend to increase in the downstream direction due to the connection with other streams. To stream fish, the dispersion process by the channel reveals the importance of regional factors on the structure of metacommunities, while habitat heterogeneity acts locally, and may reveal boundaries between metacommunities. This study aims to determine whether there is the formation of metacommunities along the longitudinal gradient and models which explain this structure. We captured fish populations and raise environmental information in three streams (15 reaches of 70 m) of a small watershed of the Atlantic. A principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to describe the environmental gradient and to verify the occurrence of this metacommunities apply a gradient elements of metacommunities analysis (EMS). The pattern of distance decay relationships (DDR) was used to verify whether metacommunities are influenced by the effects of local and / or regional and so seek explanations for the pattern found. We can say that there are two distinct communities (clementsian pattern of metacommunities), one nearest the mouth with no defined pattern caused by a process mass effect and a more flush with standard board from a species sorting process. Distinguish these communities is of great interest to conservation purposes and the development of strategies for biomonitoring. For example, for communities downstream, where the environmental changes caused by urbanization are more prevalent and there is the possibility of removing this source of environmental impact, ensure connectivity of streams is a good strategy since the species moving more intensely and are very dependent on the source of colonization. On the other hand, communities further upstream, even if there is a disconnect with the region downstream promoted by the damming of streams for water harvesting, these communities will remain theoretically provided that local conditions are guaranteed, ie, there is a pressing conservation environmental integrity of these excerpts.
Uma abordagem para migração automática de código no contexto do desenvolvimento orientado a modelos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-22)
Possatto, Marcos Antonio
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Lucrédio, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3254940785475023
Code generators play a key role in model-driven software development. They are responsible for transforming high-level assets (models) into implementation assets (code). Most generators are based on templates, which are pieces of text instrumented with code expansion elements. They receive an input and produce an output according to the template's programming. To build such template-based generators, the code of an existing implementation, already tested and validated, can be used as a reference, in a process known as code migration. With software evolution and the need for changes in the code generator, the templates start to differ from this reference implementation. In order to restablish the synchronization, additional effort is required. Tackling the challenge of keeping these assets synchronized (reference implementation and templates) is this dissertation's subject. The goal is to provide some automation to the code migration process, even if partial, in order to increase productivity in the maintenance of code generators. A mechanism was developed to make it possible to automatically reproduce changes that are performed in the reference implementation into one or more code generation templates. This mechanism was evaluated through an empirical study, yielding good performance in a controlled environment. This indicates that automation can help to reduce the effort in the maintenance of code generators in a model-driven development context.
Avaliação das técnicas de segmentação, modelagem e classificação para o reconhecimento automático de gestos e proposta de uma solução para classificar gestos da libras em tempo real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-22)
Anjo, Mauro dos Santos
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Pizzolato, Ednaldo Brigante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821982735490884
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9114521946872957
Multimodal interfaces are becoming popular and trying to enhance user experience through the use of natural forms of interaction. Among these forms we have speech and gestures inputs. Speech recognition is already a common feature in our daily basis but gesture recognition has just now being widely used as a new form of interaction. The Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) was recently recognized as a legal way of communication since the Brazilian Government enacted the law N˚10.436 on 04/24/2002, and also has recently became an obligatory subject in teachers education and an elective subject in undergraduate courses through the enactment N˚5.626 on 12/22/2005. In this context, this dissertation presents a study of all the steps that are necessary to achieve a complete system to recognize Static and Dynamic gestures of Libras, being these steps: Segmentation; Modeling and Interpretation; and Classification. Results and proposed solutions will be presented for each one of these steps, and the system will be evaluated in the task of real-time recognition of static and dyamic gestures within a finite set of Libras gestures. All the solutions presented in this dissertation were embedded in the software GestureUI, in which the main goal is to simplify the research in the field of gesture recognition allowing the communication with multimodal interfaces through a TCP/IP protocol.
Impacto da bovinocultura leiteira de base familiar em área sob influência do corredor ecológico da Mantiqueira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25)
Santos, Gabriele Medeiros dos
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Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1148337882251821
Contemporary society faces problems arising from impacts to the environment, causing damage to the countryside, agricultural production and family farming. This study aimed to know the relationship of man field with his work environment, evaluating management practices used by him to guarantee a living for his family and their financial stability. It were interviewed school-age young adults and milk producers of thirteen family farms located around the Mantiqueira Ecological Corridor under influence of Ibitipoca State Park. . The physical and socioeconomic characteristics of the study area was based on relief, vegetation, climate, use and land cover, the local economy, the relationship between the community and the Ibitipoca State Park, and communities profile. It was used a qualitative-quantitative methodology named Discourse of Collective Subject (DCS),, with tabulation and organization of interviews by means of the Qualiquantisoft® Software. Based on the PSR (Pressure-State- Response) model, indicators were proposed that generated pressure indexes on the producer s decision making (IP), for the application state of management practices (IE) and for the response of the environment to the producer s management (IR). The property sustainability index (ISP) was calculated from the arithmetic mean between IP, IE and IR, and indicated the evolutionary trend for these properties.The results indicate that the study area has a history of environmental, social and economic pressure. Despite the intense scrutiny and understanding of the need environmental conservation, a variety of environmentally inadequate management practices are used in order to supply family demands and maintainining the family income. Farmers and school-age young adults consider the environment an obstacle to production and stay in the field. We conclude that, despite the historical tradition of agriculture in the studied area, the way in which dairy cattle activity has been developed can compromise environmental integrity and therefore the life quality and the local population income.
Ministério Público de São Paulo: atuação frente à pessoa com deficiência na inclusão escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25)
Lago, Sandra Regina dos Santos
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
Inclusive education is a disturbing and challenging issue for its difficulties and limitations. Throughout history, this subject has constituted controversial. However, in recent years that legal achievements are being achieved, leading to a new social positioning, especially in regards to education. However, the fact that there are standards supporting the right to education for all, including those with disabilities, it doesn't mean that such guarantee is being observed for real, which is why effective oversight is needed by society and institutions. One of the existing institutions that have empowered by the constitution to oversee and enforce legal requirements that protect the interests of society is the prosecutor, through establishment of administrative procedures. Thus, the present study aimed to search, identify and analyze the proceedings instituted in the prosecution in the state of São Paulo, involving the theme of rights to educational inclusion of people with disabilities in regular schools, in the period between 12/01/2009 to 12/01/2011, based on the previous work discussing the role this institution and defending the right to education . Having in mind the purpose of the research, we used a qualitative approach to document analysis some court procedures. The results point the prosecutor as an important ally in the legal achievements of people with disabilities related to educational inclusion and brought the discussion of the importance of public awareness of people with disabilities to advance their rights.
Processos de ensinar e de aprender: os instrutores militares e os cadetes da aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25)
Kirsch, Deise Becker
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Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0963011593452039
This study was part of a Doctoral Course research, of the Post Graduate Program in Education, by the Federal University of São Carlos, and was developed at the Brazilian Air Force Academy (AFA) in the city of Pirassununga / SP. The research aimed to map the specificities of the military instructors teaching and learning process, regarding to the theoretical and practical concepts about the teaching, and the teaching and learning process of cadets at the Air Force Academy. Therefore, the research subjects were three military airmen instructors,graduatedby AFA, who taught classes in the AFA´s Division of Education; were also subjects of this study 78 cadets of the Aviation Course who, in 2012, were in the last year of the mentioned Course. The theoretical referenceof the work was composed by Libâneo studies (1994), regarding to traditional and technicistpedagogical trends, the role of teacher and student and the characteristics of the educational process in these conceptions. Mizukami (1986, 2002, 2004, 2005-2006) contributes towards to traditional, constructivist and technicistteaching, and discuss about the initial and continuing education, as well as details the processes of teaching and learning. About the construction of teacher identity, the contribution comes with Veiga (2010, 2011), Gatti (2011), Pimentaand Anastasiou (2011). The authors, as well as Gil (2009) refer to higher education, about giving classes, about being a teacher. Still, Zabala (1998) addresses the interaction in the classroom as fundamental for the growth of the students, also bringing consistent arguments about the conception of constructivist education. The teachingactivity as a work, the teacher´s knowledge and the professional development have theoretical basement in Tardif (2002, 2009). Processes of teaching at university, coined by Anastasiou and Alves (2003), is developed in this study. Finally, Shulman (1986, 2004, 2005) collaborates with its work on the knowledge base for teaching, pedagogical reasoning and also considers the reflective processes on that path. However, about thethinking aboutteaching practice, the ideas of Schön (1995, 2000) and Pérez Gómez (1995) are discussed. The methodology used in this study was a descriptiveanalytic one, based on data collected from open non-structured interviews, open semistructured interviews and questionnaires applied to the subjects. From the data analysis it was possible to comprehend that the military instructors have a very consistent specific training in their area, Aviation,while they don´t have preparation for teaching in military higher education and learn to be a teacher in pedagogical practice in the classroom . The responses of cadets confirmed this situation, and also demonstrated that their conceptions about the teaching, learning, the importance of interaction in the classroom, the didactics, the best and the worst teacher, are very close to the concepts of the military instructors. Therefore, the processes of teaching and learning are constructions that occur throughout the school experience, at any of the levels that the subject is inserted. In short, it demands work, knowledge and commitment by the teacher; and activity, study, dedication and interest by the student.
Preparação, caracterização e testes de filmes bicamadas de polipirrol-poli(DMcT) sobre fibra de carbono para eletrodos de supercapacitores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-25)
Aikawa, Yves
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Biaggio, Sonia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8347859421976562
The aim of this work was to synthesize and characterize bilayered films of polypirrole and poly(2,5- dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) poly(DMcT) as possible materials for supercapacitor electrodes. Composites of carbon fiber (CF) and polypirrole (Ppy) were prepared at 0.8 V vs. SCE up to charges of 1, 2, 5 and 10 C in order to verify the experimental conditions to obtain films presenting the best morphological and electrochemical properties, as well as to optimize a methodology to obtain the composite CF/poly(DMcT)/Ppy. Morphological analyses indicated that Ppy is globular and grows homogeneously all over the CF surface, and electrochemical tests of the composites CF/Ppy led to the highest specific capacity for the thinnest (1 C) film. The presence of both polymeric films was confirmed by IR and Raman spectroscopies, and their distribution on the carbon fiber was checked by elemental analyses using Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS). Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests on a two-electrode cell having the same composite as cathode and anode (Type 1 supercapacitor) indicated a fair initial capacitance value of 200 F g-1 for the CF/Ppy (1 C) composite, but presenting low electrochemical stability (capacity loss of 72% after 1000 cycles). When narrower intervals for the cell voltage (0 to 0.5 V, 0 to 1 V and 0 to 2 V) were employed, both composites CF/Ppy and CF/poly(DMcT)/Ppy presented high electrochemical stability during 5000 cycles. Finally, spectroscopic studies indicated the reduced, polaronic and bipolaronic forms of Ppy, and possible interactions between the Ppy and poly(DMcT) molecules.
Caracterização funcional do mutante pkcAG579r que codifica o homólogo da proteína quinase C, no fungo patogênico aspergillus fumigatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-28)
Rocha, Marina Campos
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Malavazi, Iran
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1569614985704317
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9004361100176439
Over the recent years, the incidence of human fungal infections has shown a significant increase. Aspergillus fumigatus is a filamentous fungus opportunistic pathogen responsible for many human respiratory diseases, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, which is the most serious form of infection . Studies show that A. fumigatus virulence has a multifactorial process associated with its structure, capacity for growth, adaptation to stress conditions, evasion mechanisms of the immune system and ability to cause harm to the host. CWI (via cell wall integrity ) is a signaling cascade activated in yeast cells under conditions of cell wall stress and plays a role in the adaptation of various fungal pathogens in the human host . In many fungi , CWI is triggered by activation of protein kinase C ( PKC ) and that this pathway is associated with the transcription of genes related to maintaining the integrity of the cell wall and its redevelopment. In this work, a mutant Gly579Arg (G579R) was constructed by transformation mediated by inserting a gene replacement cassette comprising a G2044C transversion located in the cysteine-rich domain controller C1B pkcA of A. fumigatus. From the phenotypic analysis of the mutant strain was observed in the involvement of pkcAG579R CWI since the mutant showed high sensitivity to agents such as CR (congo red) and CFW (calcofluor white) . Furthermore, pkcA is also involved in tolerance to oxidative stress caused by paraquat and menadione. Additionally it was found to increase the sensitivity of the mutant pkcAG579R temperature variations as well as the inhibitor of Hsp90 radicicol. Como CWI is related to the transcriptional activation of biosynthetic genes and rugged cell wall (such as glucan synthase, glucanosil chitin synthases and transferases) the abundance of major genes coding for these enzymes was analyzed by RT-PCR in real time. Based on the tests can be α -1 ,3 glucan synthase ( agsA-C ) dependent signaling mediated PkcA for correct expression. Furthermore, genes such as β-1,3 glucan synthase (fksA) glucanosyltransferase (gelA-C) and some chitin synthases (chsB-E-C) appear not to be dependent function and CWI PkcA . These data demonstrated the role of pkcA signaling cascade in the maintenance of cell wall and thermotolerance in A. fumigatus. This work was the first in which a systematic analysis of gene pkcA was conducted in the human opportunistic fungal pathogen A. fumigatus.
A Caravana do Cordel e a construção de um Nordeste em movimento em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-29)
Geribello, Francisca Batista Barbosa
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2376478313777126
The Caravana do Cordel and the building of a northeast in movement in São Paulo is a research about the way the stories are mobilized, the actions and representations of the Northeast of Brazil in the speeches of Northeastern migrants settled in São Paulo, belonging to the Caravana do Cordel . I investigate the reinterpretation that is built by those subjects who maintain a strong mnemonic relationship with the Northeast of Brazil, with the lived experiences in this geographical space, social and symbolic, both in the past and present. I assume that although these poets crystallize a certain image of the Northeast of Brazil where they were born, they also create other northeastern", through a discursive dynamic construction.
Análise da sustentabilidade dos agroecossistemas de Altinópolis/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-29)
Fonseca, Augusto Cesar Prado Fernandes
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Costa, Manoel Baltasar Baptista da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748534388515487
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4779217716710845
The municipality of Altinópolis is historically recognized by coffee farms and tourist attractions, and currently local agriculture has diversified and is under agribusiness pressure. To analyze and compare the sustainability indexes of production systems in the municipality of Altinópolis, according to the size of the farms, were established social, economic and environmental indicators. These indicators were measured by applying semi-structured interviews in the production units. After analysis and discussion of the data collected, the sustainability indices were determined and represented by biogram. It was observed that family farms have higher levels of sustainability. Positive highlights of family systems are: diversity of commercial crops, adoption of soil conservation practices, interactions of agricultural activities, rural family background and family work. In contrast, medium to large production systems (> 4 fiscal modules) achieved positive highlights of: receiving frequent technical guidance, conducts periodic correction of the soil, have good infrastructure (machinery, implements and improvements), and create salaried jobs in the batch.
Autoavaliação institucional: dimensões políticas e gestão democrática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-30)
Montemór, Maria Lúcia
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Luiz, Maria Cecília
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425361719028650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0426505429167067
The movements and regulatory reforms, especially in the 1990, brought significant changes to the organization and management consequences as the public school, which arise from conceptions or practices of evaluating a given context. Knowledge of assessment methodologies of the school, or the Institutional Self Assessment, can stimulate the management team to work more collectively, participation valuing each and portraying the school as it is, from the point of view of their community. The Municipal School Professor Ali Homsi Salles Cunha in Sao Jose do Rio Preto − SP, created, recreated and effected in the period 1999-2010, a model of institutional selfevaluation itself through questionnaires processed in evaluation reports. In this dissertation, we used the cutout from 2006 to 2009 due to the significant changes that have occurred in this period and that have led to specific changes in the organizational culture of the school. We attempted to place a framework of theoretical and conceptual reference concerning the evaluation and Institutional Self-Evaluation in education and school; define the methodological procedures as presented searched the school and report the construction process of self-evaluation, showing it through analysis of documents, reports and other evaluative Institutional (Political Pedagogical Project, School Plan etc.). To this end, we prepared two broad categories of analysis: social and educational policies and organizational culture and management dimensions. From these categories, we created others with timely information for this investigation. Analyzed as before and after school was to establish annually the Evaluative Report and found that the changes in its organizational culture to have a democratic management. The methodology used was to work with questionnaire responses from parents/family segment and the evaluative reports collectively built the cutout of four years (2006- 2009). It was concluded that the self-assessments, developed, implemented and analyzed collectively by the institution, become facilitators tools to streamline diagnostics and troubleshooting, taking into account participation in the establishment of a democratic management process.
Resíduos lignocelulósicos para biocombustível sólido: caracterização e termogravimetria aplicada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-31)
Pires, Ariane Aparecida Felix
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2424682538346982
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Morais, Leandro Cardoso de
The biomass research for use as a biofuel has been increasing worldwide encouraged by the search for viable alternatives of renewable energy. Part of the biomass, lignocellulosic residues can be used to generate bioenergy from its combustion, and a way to use the material and add value to the final product. However, it is necessary to know deeply the properties and physicochemical characteristics of a material before employing it as solid biofuel, thus qualifying it beforehand and understand their behavior during combustion and calorific value. Basically, for application as solid biofuel, a material must have homogeneous particle size, moisture content suitable, low ash content and high calorific value, in addition to substantial market supply and availability of these residues. It is known that the chemical composition of a lignocellulosic material is directly affects its energy performance, high percentages of lignin, α-cellulose and carbon are related to a higher calorific value and combustion slower, increasing the durability of the burning fuel. In the search for materials that meet these requirements, this work studied the sugar cane bagasse and the Eucalyptus sp. and Pinus sp. Sawdust, employing physicochemical analysis and thermogravimetry. From the thermogravimetric analysis of integrals lignocellulosic residues was possible to determine their lignin contents and fixed carbon and relates them to the results obtained by conventional analysis. The TG and DTG curves were studied for better understanding of the behavior of thermal degradation characteristic of integral plant biomass and its major components. The TG curve of lignin extracted from Eucalyptus sp. showed a higher thermal stability compared to other materials lignins. The results obtained for Eucalyptus sp. sawdust were the most satisfactory: lower ash content (0.46%), high lignin content (30.41%), higher carbon content (46.80%) and a higher calorific value (4415.3 kcal.kg-1), corresponding to the requirements necessary for a quality solid biofuel.
Uma abordagem para modularização de frameworks de múltiplos domínios em linha de produtos de frameworks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-10-31)
Pinto, Victor Hugo Santiago Costa
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Camargo, Valter Vieira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8798424081680540
Frameworks are tools for software reuse that contribute for reducing costs and increased productivity in application development. Nowadays they are widely used and they tend to provide a satisfactory set of variabilities of a given domain. In general, a common trend in the evolution of these frameworks is the addition of new variabilities in attempting to address demands of a growing set of users. However, when such evolutions are not well designed and managed, the original architecture of the framework ends deviating from what had been previously planned, resulting in a complex and inflexible architecture. In addition, the new variabilities may belong to domains that were not originally planned for the framework, and become what we call Multiple Domains Frameworks (MDF). A problem of this kind of framework is that some variabilities may be useless for certain applications supported by the framework. Thus, MDF have problems for the Application Engineers (AE) and for Framework Engineers (FE). In the first case, the learning curve and the productivity are compromised, because AE will need to live together with a vast set of variabilities that may be unnecessary. For FE, the inflexibility of architecture complicates maintenance and composition/decomposition of smaller and more restrict versions of the framework. In this context, as an alternative to the aforementioned problems, we present an approach for modularization of MDFs into Framework Product Lines (FPL). An FPL is a product line in which the generated members are frameworks instead of applications. The main idea is that flexibility of this new architecture allows the generation of smaller and directed frameworks to the requirements of a domain/subdomain, avoiding the presence of features/variabilities that will never be used. One of the key points of this approach is to determine the Usage Scenario that the FPL must satisfy. Thus, an MDF can be decomposed in features with appropriate levels of granularity, a factor that directly impacts in the quality of an FPL. For the design of this approach, we conducted a case study in which the application framework GRENJ was modularized into an FPL. Two kinds of evaluation were performed. The first was an experiment to compare the effort to modularize a FMD in FPL using Aspect-Oriented Programming and Model-Driven Development. The second was a comparative study among applications developed with support of original framework and applications developed from the resulting FPL. The results show advantages in the reduction of efforts and increased productivity.
O ensino de áreas e volumes com o uso de objetos manipulativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-05)
Medeiros, Miguel Rodrigo de
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Seixas, Wladimir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066264459572166
The objective of this research is to analyze and evaluate methodological developments proposed for the teaching of geometry, in public school in the State of São Paulo in the high school level in recent decades. We elaborate a proposal of a didactic sequence using manipulative objects, assisting the teacher of mathematics at the construction of concepts of areas and volumes.
(Re)criar para (re)contar: o processo transcriativo de La mala hora de Gabriel García Márquez, por Ruy Guerra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-06)
Tavares, Ane Carolina Randig
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7013446921403880
A partir de una perspectiva que considera la relación entre la literatura y el cine, la propuesta de nuestra investigación es analizar cómo sucede el diálogo intersemiótico entre la película O veneno da madrugada (2006), traducida y dirigida por el director de cine Ruy Guerra, y el romance del escritor colombiano, Gabriel García Márquez, La Mala Hora (1962). Tiendo en vista las innumerables maneras posibles de acercarse de este diálogo, este estudio parte de una perspectiva que busca un acercamiento del proceso de creación de una película realizada a partir de un texto literario. Para eso, el apoyo teórico tendrá dos direcciones principales: en un lado, ensayos críticos de nuestros objetos de análisis, y de otro, los estudios en Crítica Genética/Proceso (Cecilia Salles) y los estudios de traducción intersemiótica/transcreación (Roman Jakobson y Haroldo de Campos). Buscaremos comprobar los rastros que flagran el proceso de transcreación del trabajo literario para el cinematográfico desde la deconstrucción del texto literario, pasando por la reconstrucción de algunos de los guiones y culminando en el último producto, la película. El enfoque del análisis regresa a las opciones del director: los mecanismos de apropiación, exclusión, inclusión y transformación de la poética del relato original que contribuyó a la construcción de su proyecto poético. Durante el curso de investigación del proceso de los documentos (lectura de los guiones) algunas situaciones particulares fueron sobresaltadas, y éstas impusieron la tomada de algunos direccionamientos y recortes. Así nosotros dirigimos nuestra mirada hacia los mecanismos interiores de la construcción temporal y campo visual, porque entendemos que estos recursos fueran explorados con fuerza por el director cinematográfico, con la intención de traer a su recreación, los ecos de sentidos que remiten a los significados profundos del texto de salida.
Relaxação estrutural em ligas vítreas e parcialmente cristalizadas do sistema Cu-Zr-Al através da técnica de espectroscopia mecânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-08)
Marques, Paulo Wilmar Barbosa
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Florêncio, Odila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9659972316642270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4736945727883535
In recent years the study of bulk metallic glasses (BMG) is being of great scientific and technological interest due to their unique properties (the lack of long range atomic order in the structure and compositional homogeneity similar to the liquid state). These alloys show better mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance, high yield stress and fracture toughness, if compared to their crystalline counterparts. However, a physical understanding of disordered structure and how it affects the properties of metallic glasses is still considered one of the great challenges in Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science. Since the Mechanical Spectroscopy technique is sensitive to phase transitions and dynamical processes, it provides the anelastic spectra (internal friction and oscillation frequency) as function of temperature, through which relevant informations to the understanding of structural and vibrational changes of metallic glasses are obtained. In this study, the mechanical spectroscopy technique was used to investigate dynamic processes related to elastic and electronic contributions of atomic motions and clusters, as well as other changes in the atomic bonds on the glassy and partially crystallized alloys of the ternary system Cu-Zr-Al. The samples were obtained combining criteria of the minimum topological instability and the average electronegativity (λmin∙Δē), and were investigated at temperatures above and below room temperature (300 K) with applied frequencies in Hz, kHz and MHz magnitude order. Above room temperature, the application of alternated stresses in the order of Hz and KHz allowed us to observe structural changes involving atomic rearrangements due to anelastic, viscoelastic and thermoelastic aspects present in the relaxation process. In this temperature range, the viscoelastic and thermoelastic character overlaps the anelastic relaxation mechanisms that could be observed in metallic glasses. Analysis of samples with nominal composition Cu54Zr40Al6 - nanocrystalline and vitreous - show that the anelastic relaxation processes begin below room temperature, and are dependent of the applied frequency. When the applied frequencies are in the Hz magnitude order, some clusters have their shell affected by the alternate elastic stresses. When the samples are excited with kHz order of magnitude frequencies, two well-defined relaxation centers will appear. This phenomenon is caused by the movement of clusters which are created and annihilated at the same time the stress is applied. When the applied stresses are of MHz magnitude order, the clusters are rearranged in a more efficient way, in which the less stable clusters involving Zr are annihilated and clusters with Al or Cu at their centers are reordered in order to promote the stability of the icosahedral structure embedded in the amorphous matrix. Under applied mechanical energy corresponding to the MHz frequencies, more stable structures are created and the clusters approach, interact and interpenetrate each other, giving rise to the free bond planes where the superclusters rearrange leading to the formation of medium range chains. Under persistent mechanical stimulation in MHz, the structures begin to form long-range order that lead to formation of the first crystalline precipitates. Those purely anelastic relaxation mechanisms are initiated at low temperatures, and in most cases, it´s not possible to observe them at higher temperatures due to the viscoelastic and thermoelastic character, which generally occur simultaneously in metallic glasses.
Produção e análise de mídias sobre o tema aquecimento global para a divulgação e o ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-08)
Pianheri, Anieli
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Zuin, Vânia Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1662046611742343
The scientific concepts learning process associated to currently and relevant themes provides a better understanding by the individual, and especially by the students whose knowledge is associated to school program. Therefore, the pedagogical role development associated to high school chemical structures studies in school curriculum for science popularization in different kinds of media such as video, simulations, images and games becomes very important especially in places focusing non-formal and informal education, considering a large number of students and visitors of the science centers. In this sense, were developed and evaluated didactic-pedagogical chemical contents towards climate change into Complexo Integrado de Educação, Ciência e Cultura (CIECC) of São José do Rio Preto (SP), using qualitative research methodology. The medias produced fun shows and interactive / educational issue, through which visitors (especially students from public and private basic education) can reflect on human activities and their contributions as well as to know and discuss the role paper of chemistry in this issue, in addition to learning chemistry concepts using references such as virtual medias. The results obtained related to global warming concepts showed the student and visitor´s interests who claimed to be a properly way to promote scientific literacy.
Padrões de muda de penas e reprodução em aves florestais no parque estadual Carlos Botelho, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-08)
Medolago, Cesar Augusto Bronzatto
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9388754660245476
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Francisco, Mercival Roberto
This study aims to describe the pattern of moulting and reproduction, evaluating their temporal overlap in an assembly of birds in the Atlantic Forest. These events tend to have little or no overlap due to high energy costs involved, but some authors argue that in tropical regions, they may present a significant overlap, since the period of resource abundance would be longer in this region. We also noticed the amount of fat deposition, because this phenomenon is important in thermo-isolation, energy reserves and development of egg-yolk. It is possible that environmental variables act directly on the breeding period of birds, which in turn influences the moult, it is expected that this starts right after the breeding season, when the young leave their nests. There taking into account that ecological groups, such as trophic guilds, may show different patterns for the periods, since the supply of food resources varies temporally in a different way for each group. It were determined five areas in Carlos Botelho State Park , state of São Paulo ( 24 ° 06 ' 55'' , 24 º 14' 41'' S , 47 º 47 ' 18'' and 48 º 07' 17'' W), which were sampled from June 2012 to May 2013, once a month, during the daytime, using lines with ten mist nets (3x12m , mesh 36mm ). Each bird was received a numbered metal band provided by CEMAVE. With a total of 4650 mistnet-hours were held 700 catches and 130 were recaptures, totaling 54 species, all residents. The period of moult of flight concentrated from November to April, with its peak in February. Incubation began in August, with the highest percentage of individuals presenting brood patch occurred in the months of November and December, declining from February, when the percentage of young individuals in the assemblage began to increase. The highest percentage of individuals with fat deposition occurred in the months comprising the coldest period of the year. The incubation period began at the end of the dry season, increasing with the photoperiod, reaching its peak in November. Thus, the young individuals leave their nests in the beginning of the hot season, when the supply of food resources would be higher, which would support the new individuals in the community as well as the start of moult period. There was little difference in the incubation period and fat deposition between trophic guilds and no difference in their moult period. The overlap between the events found in this study was 7 %, which confirms the tendency to avoid the overlap of these cycles, even in tropical regions, such as the Atlantic Forest, due to high energy costs involved.
Demanda e intensidade do uso de materiais básicos em economias recentemente industrializadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-08)
Souza, Daniela Tatiane de
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5744234670546601
This thesis aims to assess the evolution of the long-term dynamics of demand for basic materials caused by the growth of some newly industrialized countries, especially China. The underlying assumption is that the demand for materials may vary according to the level of economic development. One of the possible effects of Chinese growth on the Brazilian economy is the re-insertion into the world economy through the supply of basic commodities. Despite strong dynamical effects that the growth of demand for these materials has exercised in this century on several economies producing these goods, it remains the question about the long-term continuity of this movement. The historical experience of the most advanced countries points to the prospect of decrease in intensity of use of some materials as a result of changes in consumption patterns. It should therefore assess whether, in a wider horizon, this reduction can spread through some newly industrializing economies and limit the dynamism whose international insertion is specialized in supplying these materials. For this, the research methodology relied on reviews of the literature on the theory of development and intensity of materials use in countries with different degrees of industrialization. Moreover, empirical surveys allowed to compose a framework of quantitative information for paper and paperboard, steel, cement and aluminum that served as input for the construction of indicators of intensity of use. The conclusions of the study point to a decrease in the intensity of use in developed countries, featuring an ongoing process of dematerialization. Already in some newly industrializing economies like China, in two of the four studied materials - cement and steel - the perspective is clearly exhaustion of the dynamism due to the growth in Chinese consumption.
Avaliação multicriterial na definição de áreas protegidas, no município de Piedade - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-08)
Sumida, Simone Sayuri
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Tonello, Kelly Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638
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Valente, Roberta Averna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911
Fragmentation, degradation of habitats, overexploitaton of species and introduction of exotic species are some of the main threats to biodiversity, as a consequence of the human consumption and expansion needs. The local preservation or preservation in situ , through the establishment of legally protected areas is one way to mitigate the expansion of these activities. Piedade municipality presents a set of favorable conditions to establish protected areas: the urbanization is relatively low, native forest remnants occupy approximately 25% of the municipal area, and there are two relevant protected areas with portions within its boundaries: the Environmental Protection Area of Itupararanga, in the northeastern part, and, the State Park of Jurupará, in the southeastern portion. The protected areas in general occupy extensive areas, with different patches, forming a landscape mosaic, and can be studied by Geospatial Technologies, specially through one of its main techniques, the Geographic Information System (GIS), which allows the aggregation of factors through different approaches. Multicriteria evaluation (MCE) is one of those approaches, which transforms and combines different factors, considering their relevance and their respective levels of influence on the production of solutions / alternatives for decision making. In this context, the purpose of this study was to define priority areas for protection, in the Piedade municipality, through the Multicriteria evaluation (MCE). The specific objective was to identify the importance and influence of the selected factors on the decision support process and to evaluate which methods of MCE is appropriated to this study: Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) or Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA). We defined the criteria and theirs weights using the Participatory Technique. The result was one map of priority areas through WLC and two maps through OWA, with similar degrees of tradeoffs and different degrees of risk to the decision support. The methods (WLC and OWA) enable the definition of priority areas for protection, although the WLC proposes a less detailed solution, which can result in uncertainties in landscape planning. The OWA offers different solutions, considering the risk-taking and factors tradeoffs, providing a greater number of possible answers to the question of interest. The map with low risk-taking was the more appropriated to define priority areas for protection in the Piedade municipality, SP.