Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2013-11-25"

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A ressignificação da questão ambiental em contexto de ruralidade: para uma leitura crítica do Paradoxo de Giddens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-25)
Madureira, Gabriel Alarcon
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7795020662481528
Reports from IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) call attention to the possibility of water shortages, to the collapse of the Amazon system, to the biodiversity crisis, and to the proliferation of extreme weather events. Anthony Giddens, British sociologist formulator of the theory of structuration, elaborates an analytical category appointing precisely the lack of concrete actions related to this environmental issue in the policy and in the daily practices. According to him, when practical measures for protecting the environment are put into practice, there will not be enough time to reverse the environmental collapse, setting the self-styled Giddens‟s Paradox. Such point of view of environmental question transforms in normative, abstract and universal, leaving to conceive it as eminently contextual - result of the interaction between individuals, groups and institutions. Precisely so it this research takes this analytical category as a starting point for a relational approach of environmental issues through his own theory of structuration. So, the environment and the nature are now considered as structural principles: as rules and resources mobilized in the reproduction and transformation of social life and, therefore, as objects of appointment disputes and discursive resignifications. In order to analyze sociologically the relational aspect the environmental issue through a qualitative research - theoretically and methodologically linked to the theory of structuration the county of Brotas (São Paulo/Brazil) was established as case study. Are used as research methods: semi-structured interviews, snowball technique, documental survey, photo documentation and socioeconomic questionnaire. This particular location shows a convergence between the multiple conceptions of the environmental issue, the professionalization of ecotourism and of the discursive resignification of the rural areas, allowing the visualization of multiple cognitive perceptions of the environmental issue. The critical debate from Giddens enabled the analysis of four social processes of resignification in the Brotas county: a) The Jacaré-Pepira River; b) From the "hole" to the tourist attraction; c) From Radical to Disneyland; and d) The Estrada do Patrimônio . In summary, the trajectory of the dissertation seeks to discuss sociologically that the environmental issue does not arise in everyday life in a universal and normative form, but eminently as cognitive perception linked to the complexity of knowingness agents.
Efeito do treino específico na habilidade de alcance manual em lactentes pré-termo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-25)
Guimarães, Elaine Leonezi
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4232970395715931
This study aimed to investigate the impact of a specific training (serial varied practice) of short duration on the performance of manual reaching in preterm infants, in the period immediately following the acquisition of this skill. For this purpose, the thesis consisted of three studies: Study 1, in which a systematic review of the behavior of manual reaching in preterm infants was conducted. Three independent reviewers participated in the selection and analysis of the selected articles. It was found that the manual reaching movement in preterm infants has still not been extensively described in the literature, indicating that there is much to learn about how prematurity associated with organic immaturity, and the extrinsic factors which influence the dynamics of this ability. In studies 2 and 3, for the assessment and training of reaching, infants were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. They were assessed positioned sitting reclined at 45° to the horizontal in a child seat up to 3 days after emergence of reaching. The experimental group underwent specific training (serial varied practice) for about five minutes and the control group was trained in social interaction in the same conditions for the same time. Two evaluations were performed, one pre- and one post-training, lasting two minutes each, for both groups. The assessments were recorded by three digital cameras, and the images were captured and analyzed using the Dvideow 5.0 videogrammetry system; Matlab 7.9 was used for the filtering of the results and the calculation of the kinematic variables of the study 3. Study 2, confirmed the influence of specific training on the frequency, in the proximal adjustments (uni-and bimanual) and distal adjustments (contact surface of the hand, palm orientation and opening of hand) of the manual reaching, in the period of emergence of the skill in preterm infants. The participants in the study were 18 infants of both sexes, born between 29 and 33 weeks of gestational age, with a birth weight less than 2500 grams, and who required postnatal hospital care. In the experimental group, the results after training showed a significant increase in the frequency of intragroup reaching (p=0.015) and between groups (p=0.026). There was significant difference in proximal adjustments, in the intragroup analysis, where after training the infants in the experimental group presented more unimanual (p= 0.025) and bimanual reaching (p = 0.023). In the intragroup analysis, the experimental group showed a significant difference in bimanual reaching (p=0.016) after training. Regarding distal adjustments apenas the experimental group displayed more reaching with the hand semiopen after training. A significant difference was noted in contact with the dorsal surface of the hand and fingers (p=0.027) and external oblique orientation (p=0.025). In the intergroup analysis there was a significant difference in opening of the hand (open, p=0.029), and in the orientation of the palm (external oblique, p=0.041) for the experimental group after training. Study 3 assessed the effect of specific training (serial varied practice) of short duration, on the kinematic variables (peak velocity, movement duration, mean velocity, straightness index, adjustment index, and movement unit) in manual reaching. It was found after specific training that only the experimental group showed a significant difference in peak velocity intragroup (p=0.036) and intergroup (p=0.016), which decreased after specific training, and the other variables showed no significant difference. However, according to the test that confirms the clinical relevance (Cohen's d), it was observed that after specific training (serial varied practice) of short duration, the experimental group showed a decrease in peak velocity, duration of movement, the number of movement units, and a slight increase in the rate of adjustment, indicating educational and clinical significance, suggesting that something has been learned and / or changed in the period immediately following the training session. The results indicate that specific training (serial varied practice) of short duration, favored more reaching with the external oblique, semiopen and open hand, with slower movement, with greater adjustment and fewest movement units in the period of acquisition, which may thus contribute to a better development and enhancement of this skill. Therefore, it is suggested that preterm infants may benefit from early practice (training), and this can be used as an intervention strategy for the acquisition, as well as the improvement of the reaching skill in the acquisition period, thus coming closer to the standard of mature reaching.
Inferência em distribuições discretas bivariadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-26)
Chire, Verônica Amparo Quispe
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Salasar, Luis Ernesto Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5464564215528609
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2449994664051845
The analysis of bivariate data can be found in several areas of knowledge, when the data of interest are obtained in a paired way and present correlation between counts. In this work the Holgate bivariate Poisson, bivariate generalized Poisson and bivariate zero-inflated Poisson models are presented, which are useful to the modeling of bivariate count data correlated. Illustrative applications are presented for these models and the comparison between them is made by using criteria of model selection AIC and BIC, as well as the asymptotic likelihood ratio test. Particularly, we propose a Bayesian approach to the Holgate bivariate Poisson and bivariate zero-inflated Poisson models, based in the Gibbs sampling algorithm with data augmentation.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação toxicológica de filmes proteicos com adição de nanofibras de celulose para recobrimento de frutos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-27)
Corrêa, Tassiane Regina Alves
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Bernardes Filho, Rubens
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4955439483175452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7492548149311893
Brazil is a major producer of fruit, but the losses related to postharvest handling are considerable high, and it is important to develop methods to reduce them. Analysis techniques were used is the application of edible coatings in order to increase the shelf life of the fruit. This study evaluated the use of zein based films, storage proteins from corn, with the addition of plasticizers and cellulose nanofibers, for covering pears and apples. The zein are hydrophobic proteins and can form a barrier against moisture loss and gas exchange, thus reducing the rate of fruit respiration and consequently increasing it`s shelf life. The filmogenic solutions tested were obtained using 4% zein with addition of different concentrations of cellulose nanofibers and plasticizers. The solutions were applied on apples and pears by immersion. Fruits were evaluated for weight loss, appearance and texture, where it was shown that the optimal concentration was 4% + 0.1% zein cellulose nanofibers + 0.5% oleic acid, as obtained an increase of about 30 days the shelf life of fruit in addition there was better preservation of fruits in natural color and texture compared to other concentrations. For this we use techniques: colorimetry, texturometer and monitoring of mass loss. For characterization of the films were used analysis techniques and contact angle atomic force microscopy, where we also observe that the best result for these two parameters was the movie 4% zein + 0.1% cellulose nanofibers and 0.5% oleic acid, because the films were less hydrophilic and more homogeneous. To evaluate the toxicity of produced film an experiment was conducted with male Wistar rats that were divided into two groups: the first group was fed with feed coated with filmogenic solution, and the second group received a diet without coating. During the experiment they documented the intake of food and water, and collected all excrement. After the experiment various organs were collected for analysis. The results of this experiment indicated that the solution filmogenic showed no toxic effect on the mice. The results of the experiments with the fruit specified the solutions were more efficient for the preservation of fruit quality in the study.
Epifitismo vascular e estado de conservação de fragmentos florestais na Bacia Hidrográfica do Sorocaba/Médio Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-27)
Bataghin, Fernando Antonio
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1364436595052131
About 10 % of all vascular plants in the world are epiphytes. Vascular epiphytes settle on the host trees (phorophytes) without producing haustorial structures, aiming to increase access to sunlight, even at the expense of humidity. The present study aimed to characterize the floristic, structure and spatial distribution of the vascular epiphytic community in protected and unprotected forest fragments located in the Sorocaba/Médio Tietê watershed (22º30 to 23º45 S, and 48º15 to 47º00 W). Given the size of the watershed it presents unique phytosociological conditions showing three vegetation types, allowing its division into downstream area, central area and upstream area, according to the characteristic vegetation of each area. The survey was conducted in 21 sampling sites (forest fragments), namely, seven in each area of the watershed. The vascular epiphyte component was quantitatively evaluated in 1090 phorophytes with DBH ≥ 20 cm and distributed in 12 sites (90 phorophytes each site and four sites in each area). The phorophytes were divided into six strata where the abundance of epiphytic species were recorded. In the total watershed 176 species, 66 genera and 14 families were recorded. The Shannon index for the watershed was H' = 3.695, the equability (J) = 0.713 and Margalef richness index (d) was 18.39. In the downstream area 56 species, 28 genera and nine families were found, with Shannon index H' = 2.948, equability J = 0.732 and Margalef richness d = 6.470. In this same area, 64% of species were anemochoric and 36% zoochoric, and the abundance of vascular epiphytes did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) among the Core Site (UC) and its replicas, however, there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between richness observed in the Core Site and its replicas, except the Replica II Site. In the downstream area, vertical distribution of vascular epiphytes varied significantly (p < 0.05) only between the Core Site and Replica I Site. For the Central Area 64 species, 32 genera and nine families were registered. H' = 2.872, J = 0.686 and d = 7.605. Regarding the dispersion syndrome, 56% of the species are anemochoric and 44%, zoochoric. There is a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the richness of the Core Site and Replica II and Replica III Sites, but no significant variation (p> 0.05) among the abundance of the Site Core and its replicas, nor between the vertical distribution of vascular epiphytes of the Core Site and its three replicas in the Central Area. In the upstream area 139 species, 61 genera and 14 families were found, with Shannon diversity index H'= 3.659, equability J = 0.742 and Margalef richness index d = 16.17. In this same area, 68% of the species showed anemochory and 32%, zoochory. The abundance of vascular epiphytes did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) among the Core Site and its Replica Sites, but the richness varied significantly (p < 0.01) among Core Site from all its replicas. There is a significant difference between the vertical distribution of vascular epiphytes occurring on the Core Site and its three replicas (p > 0.05) in the upstream area. Of the total of 176 species observed in the watershed, more than two thirds are anemochoric. The highest floristic similarity was observed between the downstream area and the central area, in turn, the upstream area had the highest number of exclusive species (94 spp.). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed between the distribution of abundance of vascular epiphytes on the different areas of watershed. The richness of the upstream 4 area was significantly different from the two other areas of the watershed, however, the central and downstream areas showed no significant difference between them. The vertical distribution of epiphytes were differently between the upstream and downstream areas, and between the central and upstream areas (p = 0.0001), but similar between the central and downstream areas (p > 0.05). The results emphasize the idea of dependence of the epiphytic community on atmospheric humidity. Among the main defining features of vascular epiphyte diversity of this study, the following should be highlighted: phytophysiognomic characteristics of the forest areas, macroclimatic factors (especially water seasonality) and factors influencing the microclimate of the fragments as the reduction of the structural complexity and the occurrence of forest edges. Regarding conservation, the presence of 50 species under some degree of threat should provide a strong argument for the conservation of forest fragments in the Sorocaba/Médio Tietê watershed.
Avaliação cinemática 3D e eletromiográfica durante a elevação do braço em portadores de osteoartrose acromioclavicular isolada e associada à disfunção do manguito rotador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-27)
Sousa, Catarina de Oliveira
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Salvini, Tânia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522647106933904
The acromioclavicular osteoarthritis (ACO) is a source of shoulder pain, that can occur in isolation or be associated with rotator cuff dysfunction (RCD). Individuals with RCD present altered shoulder kinematics and muscle activity. However, there are not studies that have been evaluated shoulder kinematics and muscle activity in ACO conditions. Thus, the prime purpose of this Doctorate project was to evaluate the three-dimensional shoulder motion and muscle activity during the arm elevation in individuals with isolated ACO and ACO associated with rotator cuff disease (ACO+RCD), as compared to controls. The study was divided in two parts: Part 1 - Three-dimensional shoulder kinematics; and Part 2 - Muscle activity. 74 individuals took part in this study (23 isolated ACO, 25 ACO+RCD, and 26 controls). Pain and function were assessed with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, threedimensional shoulder kinematics of scapulothoracic, sternoclavicular, and acromioclavicular joints was evaluated with surface electromagnetic sensors, and surface electromyography of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), and anterior deltoid (AD) data was collected with Bagnoli-8 (DelSys®) system and synchronized via Motion Monitor software. The individuals were evaluated during arm elevation (ascending and descending phases) in sagittal and scapular planes, and pain during motion was assessed with 0-10 scale. Group comparisons were made for the DASH and pain with Kruskay-Wallis tests, and for each muscle during the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) with one-way ANOVA. For each kinematic variable and muscle during the motion, separate linear mixed-model 2-way ANOVAs were performed. Both groups with ACO had higher DASH and pain scores. For the scapulothoracic motion, isolated ACO group had increased internal rotation than control, and the ACO+RCD group presented increased upward rotation than others. For sternoclavicular joint, both groups with ACO presented less retraction in the sagittal plane, and the isolated ACO group presented less elevation in scapular plane, and posterior rotation in both planes. For acromioclavicular joint, the isolated ACO group presented increased upward rotation, and both groups with ACO presented increased posterior tilting in sagittal plane. There was not difference between groups for MVIC. ACO+RCD group had more UT activity than the isolated ACO and control, more AD activity than the ACO during ascending phase, and more AD activity than the ACO and controls during descending phase in both planes. Isolated ACO group had less SA activity than control only during ascending phase in sagittal plane. Patients with ACO had altered shoulder kinematics and muscle activity, which may represent compensatory responses as an attempt to reduce pain.
Portal do professor e educação física adaptada: sugestões para a prática docente inclusiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-28)
Bataliotti, Soellyn Elene
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0883759656120611
The Teacher's Portal (Portal do Professor) is an educational repository launched by a partnership between the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology, linked to the Distance Education Secretary, which aims to offer resources that collaborate with the pedagogical practice of teachers around the country. Among the possibilities that this repository provides, there is the category "Class Space" where it is possible to find suggestions of lessons for the Physical Education discipline with planning focused on special and inclusive education. The practice of working with the discipline of Physical Education for special education will be entitled, in this study, "Adapted Physical Education". To understand the need for lessons planning toward inclusive practice is important to know the history of Adapted Physical Education as well as Special and Inclusive Education in Brazil, which allowed the deployment of Multifunctional Resource Rooms, creating opportunities for the participation of the students to complement and supplement the education proposed by the school. Therefore, this research attempts to answer how the suggestions of Adapted Physical Education classes, proposed in the Teacher's Portal, can subsidize the practice of inclusive education in Physical Education classes and if it also allows the supplementary teaching in the Multifunctional Resource Rooms. To answer this question, the general objective will be to analyze the lesson plans available in the Teacher's Portal and its applicability to the classes of Physical Education with groups of inclusion. Thus, to reach the objective, this study conducted an investigation through exploratory and participant research, due to the fact that this theme is still not widely explored and to the investigations performed by the researcher during the study. The applications of the suggestions of Adapted Physical Education classes were held in a classroom of the 2nd year of Elementary School, through the additional resource of the proposal in the Multifunctional Resource Room attendance. For the data collection and analysis, the content analysis was used, in three steps: Observation, Planning and Intervention. During the three moments of this survey, it was possible to find data in order to achieve the proposed objectives and to conclude that the Teacher s Portal may collaborate with suggestions for lessons that subsidize the practice of the Physical education teacher; however, it is necessary to study the suggestion and the adaptation to the teacher s and the students reality for classes. For the attendance in the Multifunctional Resource Rooms, the use of indicated resources listed under "additional resources", contained in the lesson s suggestion of the Teacher's Portal, must be articulated with the students needs, with the content worked by the teacher in the common room and by the Physical Education teacher.
Ferroelétricos relaxores canônicos: um estudo a partir do efeito eletro-óptico em função da temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-28)
Milton, Flávio Paulo
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Garcia, Ducinei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
This study revisits the lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric relaxor system (PLZT) by investigating its electro-optical properties, particularly the variation of birefringence induced by electrical field, n(E). The thermal evolution of n(E), obtained by the Kerr (quadratic) and Pockels (linear) electro-optical effects, was considered in the verification of possible critical temperatures predicted for the transitions between the paraelectric (PE), ergodic ferroelectric relaxor (EFR), non-ergodic ferroelectric relaxor (NEFR), and normal ferroelectric (FE) states. Such temperatures identify the regions that separate different correlation states (static and dynamic) from the polar nano-regions (PNR) present in these materials. This work made use of ceramics La/Zr/Ti = 9/65/35, which are located on the tricritical point of the PZLT phase diagram. The effect of doping with 1% weight of rare-earth oxides (Nd, Ho, Er, Tm e Yb) upon the relaxor behaviour was also investigated. The undoped material was used as a reference system in the elaboration of a protocol for data collection and treatment, which included the results of ferroelectric, dielectric and pyroelectric measurements. The n(E) results obtained for the quadratic response (Kerr effect) as a function of temperature were suitable for determining the freezing temperature (Tf) associated to the FE-FRE transition or to the FRE-FRNE transition, as well as the temperature associated to the maximum electrical permittivity (Tε′m), and the Burns temperature (TB) associated to the FRE-PE transition. Conversely, the dependence of n(E) to linear response (Pockels effect) as a function of temperature proved sensitive for determining the characteristic temperature T*, which indicates the initial temperature for a correlated state of short and mid-range NRP reach during cooling of the material. All of these characteristic temperatures could be determined for the doped PLZT system as well, and the same behaviours were observed for the Kerr and Pockels electro-optical responses. It is worth noting that this is the first time the n(E) linear effect response is applied to the analysis of this system. However, the transition intervals between polar and non-polar states suffered changes according to rules associated to the difference between the ionic radii of rare-earth and the cation that had been replaced in the crystal structure. Although the ferroelectric, electric, dielectric, pyroelectric, and electro-optical properties of the PLZT system were clearly affected by doping, no significant changes in the relaxor behaviour could be observed.
Um método para descoberta de relacionamentos semânticos do tipo causa e efeito em sentenças de artigos científicos do domínio biomédico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-28)
Scheicher, Ricardo Brigato
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8884273880142454
Recently, there is an enormous amount of scientific material written in textual format and published in electronic ways (paper on proceedings and articles on journals). In the biomedical field, researchers need to analyse a vast amount of information in order to update their knowledges, in order to get more precise diagnostics and propose more modern and effective treatments. The task of getting knowledge is extremely onerous and the manual process to annotate relationships and to propose novel hypothesis for treatments becomes very slow and error-prone. In this sense, as a result of this master s research it is proposed a method to extract cause and effect semantic relationships in sentences of scientific papers of the biomedical domain. The goal of this work is to propose and implements a solution for: (1) to extract terms from the biomedical domain (genes, proteins, chemical components, structures and anatomical processes, cell components and strutures, and treatmens), (2) to identify existing relationships on the texts, from the extracted terms, and (3) to suggest a knowledge network based on the relations of cause and effect . Over the approach using textual patterns, our proposed method had extracted semantic relations with a precision of 94,83 %, recall of 98,10 %, F-measure of 96,43 %.
A análise sintática e semântica da linguagem segundo Rudolf Carnap e Alfred Tarski
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-28)
Pereira, Renato Machado
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Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1751442161665645
The purpose of this thesis is analyze the changes in the thinking of Rudolf Carnap in relation to the analysis of language before the innovations of the work of Alfred Tarski. To this end, we will seek to explain the syntactic analysis of language presented by Carnap in his work "Logical Syntax of Language". Secondly, the semantic analysis of the language proposed by Alfred Tarski. To then discuss the influence of Tarski in the later work of Rudolf Carnap.
Análise da distribuição de pequenos mamíferos (Didelphimorphia, Rodentia): uma abordagem biogeográfica do Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-29)
Tocchet, Caroline de Bianchi
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Carmignotto, Ana Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0633095503285315
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904783800432179
The Cerrado biome is located in Central Brazil Plateau occupying 2,036.448 km². Its weather is characterized by seasonality and the landscape by a vegetation mosaic. Those factors contribute for Cerrado to be known as the richest savanna in the world. It is considered one of the 20 World Hotspots, because of its high level of diversity and threat. The Cerrado is still poorly known, especially in relation to its history, origin and distribution through time, which are important factors to comprehend its recent diversity. This project aims to determine the historically stable areas within Cerrado by modelling 14 marsupial and small rodent species potential distribution for past and present scenarios, to relate the detected areas with endemism levels, to compare the identified patterns with known biogeography hypothesis of other Cerrado organism groups, and to suggest priority areas for inventory. To generate the potential distribution maps I used the digital bases available by WWF and IBGE and the SIG ARCMAP 10.1 software. The potential distribution modelling was implemented by maximum-entropy algorithm (MAXENT), using WORLDCLIM 1.4 and PALEOCLIMATE MODELING INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT (PMIP) climate variables data. The open vegetation biomes of South America were the base area for modelling, with 2.5’ layers resolution (ca. 5 km²). To statistically evaluate model performance, I used the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plot. All models presented high AUC values. The hypothesis that during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) the open formations expanded and the forest ones retracted, while the open formations retracted and forests expanded during the Last Interglacial (LIG) were supported by 20 of the 28 proposed models. The historically stable areas include the Parecis , Chapada dos Guimarães, Chapada Diamantina and Central Brazil Plateaus, the western Minas Gerais and the Espinhaço range. Those areas agree to other historically stable areas and/or endemism areas already proposed for other taxa, such as birds, squamate reptiles, anuran, lepdoptera and plants. They also reflect lack of inventory data. So, the fauna of those areas should be better investigated and its material used in future phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies. Conservation should also be considered in the light of their climatic stability, resulting in the possible creation, increasing or maintaining of Conservation Units.
Ferramenta de apoio à gestão dos recursos hídricos (FAGRH): sistematização de informações para o processo de tomada de decisões em comitês de bacia hidrográfica com base em indicadores de sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-29)
Corrêa, Michele de Almeida
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1266518432304487
The model of water resource management decentralized by Basins advocates a broad participation in the decision making process , including technical and non-technical members . This research aimed to develop a tool to support this decision making process in Basins Committees (CBHs) , based on sustainability indicators ( SI) . The development of this research was intermediate steps : 1 ) identification and characterization of CBHs , especially regarding potentially problematic conditions, 2 ) to propose a set of IS to promote the monitoring of the conditions identified in the previous step , 3) the systematization Database (BD) of IS calculated based on official sources for all CBHs of the State of Sao Paulo , 4) structuring the Tool to Support Water Resources Management (FAGRH) , systematized into spreadsheets , 5) simulation application and critical analysis of FAGRH and 6) the consolidation of FAGRH. The consolidated tool proposes the selection of a CBH of the State of Sao Paulo and prioritization of potentially problematic conditions that should be covered in the proposals of this CBH . In the next step FAGRH users are advised to define what are the stages of action to be developed to address each of the priority conditions. For each step, users assign the percentage to be executed and describes one or more actions to achieve this percentage . Also in this step , the user is prompted some information about the action to be performed , such as unit cost , the amount to be performed and the correlation between the action and the proposed IS. In sequence the user is instructed to set the stage of development of each action, assigning a goal to be achieved or the financial investment to be made. With this information the user must then detail the development of proposed actions to compose an Action Plan. As final results FAGRH presents a comparison between the calculated values of IS of the BD and considering the improvements obtained with the proposed actions. The FAGRH also allows checking the percentage of budget involvement for the CBH considering FEHIDRO and FEHIDRO / Levy resources and necessary for the accomplishment of the proposed actions investments. It is noteworthy that the tool has been developed with use of spreadsheets organized in the Microsoft Office Excel file, that is a widely used software. It is concluded that the development of FAGRH collaborates with the organization and systematization of information and can be used to guide the decision making process and to implement tools such as Basin Plans and Information Systems , as well as for the preparation of reports situation.
Gestão agrícola em propriedades rurais familiares do Vale do Guaporé – RO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-29)
Adami, Agostinho Fernando
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Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1288010170939119
In this work, it is a survey of data about the management methods employed by 52 selected farmers in some selected cities as Costa Marques, Seringueiras, São Francisco and São Miguel do Guaporé, in the state of Rondônia. In this research, it was noticed the importance of some organizations, such as the school households agricultural, the rural workers Union, associations and cooperatives, which permeate the activities of small producers. It was also noticed, the influence of the methodology and the language used in management education. Moreover, there’s a fact that some family members are intimately connected with property, and they hardly separate the goals of organization (farm) from personals. This fact complicates the decision they have making and requires technical school teaching management that encourages producers to build their own management tools and information based on entrepreneurship.
Diretrizes de planejamento e projeto urbano sustentável de campi universitários: o caso da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-11-29)
Gaion, Patrícia Pinheiro
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Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3445074641081377
The spatial structure which configures the university campi, its social function and the impact generated in urban space and in the environment, present relevant issues worthy of special attention regarding new constructions as well as the rennovation and addition of the preexisting. In consequence of the national context of increasing expansion and restructuring of public campi, and the current debate on construction of a society and sustainable cities, the research´s objective seeked to verify how the guidelines and parameters of planning and sustainable projects of university campi are being approached. Therefore, the planning apparatus belonging to the Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar have been selected as the object of this study, expressed in the Institutional Development Plan and Environmental Zoning documents. For the purpose of a conceptual-theoretical foundation, a historical survey was performed for the better understanding of the institutional and spatial configuration of universities in the campi form, from their foundation to their contemporary conformation. For the verification of this work´s proposed planning, the qualitative research method used defined categories and analyses variables compiled from the conceptual-theoretical study and practical experiences regarding planning and sustainable projects of university campi. The analysis carried out in a comparative and relational manner between the categories and the documents, pointed out pertinent environmental sustainability issues such as Sustainable Urban Project, Ecology and Environment, and Education and Culture. The analysis result also identified relevant points that were not approached, for a reflection and incorporation in the planning of UFSCar.
Tendência profissionalizante da universidade: o caso da licenciatura em matemática da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12)
Vilela, Denise Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-1301
Este artigo aborda uma parte da pesquisa que estudou o Curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da UFSCar desde sua criação, em 1975. A partir dos documentos constituídos na pesquisa, observando a organização curricular do ponto de vista das cargas horárias destinadas aos estágios, às disciplinas específicas e pedagógicas, a alteração que mais se destaca é o aumento da carga horária dos estágios e, consequentemente, da área pedagógica. O objetivo é apresentar interpretações desta ampliação tendo a teoria do campo de Bourdieu como referência. Por outra parte, o foco no primeiro curso da UFSCar nos ajuda a discutir sobre a tendência profissionalizante da universidade.
Inclusão escolar e planejamento educacional individualizado: avaliação de um programa de formação continuada para educadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-02)
Valadão, Gabriela Tannús
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0248341559503184
In several countries that adopt education inclusion policy, there is a device, usually provided by the legislation, called Individual Educational Plan (IEP). Its purpose is to monitor the course of the students with disabilities throughout their schooling process. In the Brazilian federal legislation, there is no policy device to ensure that these students have an IEP based on their needs. The present study raised the question of how to qualify teachers for this task. The aim was to develop, to implement and to evaluate a continuing training program for special education teachers, focusing on IEP for disability students, in a public school system. The study was conducted with 34 Special Education teachers in 2012 based on collaborative action-research and involved five steps: 1) conduction of ethical procedures; 2) diagnosis of the initial stage of assessment procedures and educational plan of the selected municipality; 3) development of the training program; 4) implementation; and 5) evaluation of the program s social validity. Interviews were conducted and 200 planning documents were analyzed, named as individual development plan (IDP), existing before the program. The interviews aimed to describe how educators planned to target public education Special Education before program. There were realized observation and recording in field s diaries, based on theoretical content and application to real cases of students, besides filming to record plan making during the course. Recourse was had collective interview and closed questionnaire to evaluate the program with the participants. The data analysis, based on content analysis was carried out to present as results: a) a description of assessment process and educational planning for target students of Special Education (TSSE) before the program; b) a description of the assessment process and collaborative planning performed during the program, with the presentation of 12 case studied; and c) analysis of appreciation measures by the participants about the training program. Results indicated that, existing IDP before the program referred only to special instruction in multifunctional resources class (MRC), with few indications for teaching in regular class,. Planning was often incomplete and/or repetitive. The participants studied various models based on the literature of the area, and built collaboratively 12 IEP documents for their students with disability. At the end, they indicated that they appreciated the training program. The results indicated that the quality of IEP affected by lack of articulation and collaboration across professionals of Education, Special Education and Health. This kind of initiative is generally dependent on the will of professionals since there is no requirement to have this practice. The lack of training and working conditions enabling multidisciplinary meetings with were factors that difficulted the implementation of the IEP. In regard to the program, this type of training requires more time for participants to review and improve its practices. The implementation of the IEP development of practice is complex, as it requires the involvement of all the people involved in the situation to think how to systematically plan the short, medium and long term throughout the school career of each TSSE. Future studies could be to increase the knowledge about how the IEP can be implemented, the impact of the adoption of this practice in the schooling process of TSSE. Legal dispositions to ensure the IEP should be adopted in our country, to improve and monitor the quality of TSSE education, both in inclusive settings as in those specialized.
Proposição de um método de gestão da satisfação dos clientes baseado na integração das normas ISO 9001, ISO/TS 16949 e NBR 15100
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-02)
Silva, Erika Cristina da
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Oprime, Pedro Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5843597031618561
The measurement of customer satisfaction has become a process of extreme importance to organizations on the competitive landscape in which they find themselves today. For this reason, there is a variety of publications of this subject. However, few are linked or cite references to quality standards. Another relevant fact is the lack of publications on the integration of industry quality standards, with the majority only addresses the integration of ISO 9001 (Quality), ISO 14001 (Environment), OHSAS 18001 (Occupational Health and Safety) and SA 8000 (Social Responsibility). Therefore, it is concluded that there is a lack of published methods that manage the information of customer satisfaction for applications in organizations that have certificates in various industry sectors quality standards. This research included a case study in a large steel company that has the characteristics to perform it and this resulted in the proposal of a method for managing customer satisfaction consisting of 14 steps, which present practices and activities that should be undertaken by the organization. To achieve this goal it was considered the standard ISO 9001 and two industry standards (ISO/ TS 16949 and NBR 15100), a matrix for integration the satisfaction requirements of the three standards, two theoretical models for measuring customer satisfaction and the context in which the organization operates.
Métodos de avaliação da musculatura do assoalho pélvico feminino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-02)
Pereira, Vanessa Santos
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455079159323235
Proper assessment of the pelvic floor muscles is essential for the correct pelvic floor dysfunctions treatment. However, currently there is not a method considered as the gold standard assessment. Therefore, this thesis aimed to evaluate the reliability of different methods to normalize pelvic floor muscles electromyography (EMG) and the determination of the correlation among vaginal palpation, vaginal squeeze pressure, EMG and ultrasonographic variables of female pelvic floor muscles. For the first aim, we evaluated 30 women aged (23,9 ±3,2 years), nulliparous, with no reports of pelvic floor dysfunction. For EMG normalization, signals were acquired during four different tasks were performed with the vaginal probe in situ: pelvic floor maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and three daily activities with increased intra-abdominal pressure (coughing, Valsalva maneuver and abdominal contraction). The results showed that the normalization of pelvic floor muscles EMG by either peak RMS of pelvic floor MVC or mean and peak RMS of abdominal contraction has excellent reliability. To analyze the correlation between the different methods of pelvic floor evaluation we evaluated 80 women and it was carried out the digital palpation, perineometry, EMG and ultrasound. It was observed that there is a positive strong correlation between digital palpation and vaginal pressure, besides positive moderate correlation between the function and vaginal pressure contraction and RMS normalized by abdominal contraction (0.59 and 0.63, respectively), and between movement of bladder neck in relation of pubic symphysis (0.51 and 0.60, respectively). In conclusion, the results demonstrated that the normalization of pelvic floor muscles EMG by the mean and peak RMS of abdominal contraction and by the peak RMS of pelvic floor MVC should be indicated in studies involving EMG evaluation of pelvic floor muscles in young, nulliparous and free from pelvic floor dysfunction women. In addition, the moderate to weak correlation between the evaluation methods indicates that using more than one method can be positive in the assessment of pelvic floor muscles.
A influência da estratégia de suprimentos de uma grande empresa fabricante de elevadores sobre as estratégias de produção de dois fornecedores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-03)
Ueda, Rafael Maronezi
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Nogueira, Edemilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9057529238845487
The Production Strategy has been the subject of several academic articles, with researches in different industries. On the other hand, Supply Strategy does not have references in a similar number and there is a gap to be filled. Furthermore, it is scarce the study of organizations in the same supply chain, and the influence between them. This study aims to describe and analyze the influence of a large elevator company's supply strategy on the production strategy of two of its suppliers, who designed 99% of its production to the customer company and the other with only 15 % of total volume. Through a case study, consisting of interviews conducted in the participating companies, it was found that the customer company´s Supply Strategy has greater influence on vendor's Production Strategy with higher production dedicated to it. This conclusion is taken by events such as the deployment of a new plant the city of the customer company, changes in engineering, plant layout, information systems and logistics of goods according to the customer needs. On the other hand, it was observed that the influence that the same company has over the other supplier is tenuous due to its low percentage of production that is destined to the customer company, and fact that the latter has a larger number of customers who must take account. Is worth nothing that the biggest influence does not necessarily translate into better performance in the short term, as in this study, the supplier with lower production percentage showed better performance compared to competing priorities, but the highest percentage, had to be more in line with customer needs following the same score in different priorities.
Habilidades sociais e solidariedade intergeracional no relacionamento entre pais idosos e filhos adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-04)
Braz, Ana Carolina
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Del Prette, Zilda Aparecida Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8113238388739093
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034548352522284
Recent demographic changes such as decreasing fertility rates and increasing life expectancy have favored intergenerational families. In this social context we use concepts from Social Skills Psychology, which focuses on the study of social interactions and interpersonal relationships. Social Skills (SS) are social behaviors that enable Social Compentence. There are different classes of SS: Assertiveness, Conversation and social resourcefulness, Emotional expressiveness, Empathy, Self-control. Interpersonal relationships have also been studied under the theoretical model of Intergenerational Solidarity (IS), which includes six dimensions: (1) Affectual (feelings and evaluations), (2) Associative (frequency and type of contact), (3) Consensual (agreement in opinions and values), (4) Functional (support), (5) Normative (expectations about obligations and norms) and (6) Structural (opportunity for interaction, due to geographical proximity) , and usually studied in association with conflict. Given that these two theoretical fields involve the interpersonal context of human development, it is possible to assume an interface between them. More specifically, social skills may be an antecedent condition favoring intergenerational solidarity. Thus, the aim of this thesis was to evaluate a possible interface between SS and IS, as well as relationship quality (RQ) among older parents and their adult children. The sample was composed of 69 parent-children dyads, ages 60 to 85 years for parents and between 25 to 50 years for the adult children. The dyads were separated according to the gender of the participants, yielding four types of dyads: Mothers and daughters (n = 17), Mothers and sons (n = 18), Fathers and daughters (n = 17), Fathers and sons (n = 18). Instruments were: IHSI - Del - Prette, IHS-Del-Prette, Scale of Intergenerational Solidarity, WHOQOL-OLD and Criterion Brazil. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed. Initially, an analysis was performed by judges: experts evaluated the possible semantic relations between items of the IS and SS. Subsequently, correlational analyses were performed for SS, IS, sociodemographic variables and Relationship Quality. In these analyses we found evidence of association among these variables. From this evidence, models were developed through structural equation models for dyadic analysis using the Actor -Partner Interdependence Model with two predictors (at a significance level of p < 0.05, with effect size - D Cohen equal to 0.15 and the statistical power of 0.80). SS classes were found to be predictors of dimensions of IS and Conflict in intra and intergenerational analyses. We discuss the implications of these findings for research, evaluation, intervention, training of health professionals, public policies and social programs.