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Relações dialógicas entre professores surdos sobre o ensino de Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Albres, Neiva de Aquino; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; LACERDA, C. B. F. de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1652645656634694
The object of this research is the formation of the Brazilian sign language teacher (Libras), in particular, pedagogically. The study about the Libras teaching and teachers formation is a new subject. Herein, I discuss some international experiences focused on the formation of the sign language teacher. A link is created between the formation conditions and the public policies for the formation of teachers, describing the syllabus for the Brazilian course, once the subjects for this research are submitted thereto. I compiled elements for the formation of teachers based on Bakhtinian studies for a methodology for teaching/studying languages. This work is structured as a field research carried out with teachers graduated with a Teaching Certification in Libras under the distance learning system coordinated by the Federal University of Santa Catarina. A Libras "back-talk focus group" was established, which was constituted by five deaf teachers, and the researcher acting as the group s mediator. The meetings were scheduled monthly, for one year (ten meetings with duration of two and half hours each). It was made a video recording and translation/transcription of these meetings. Based on the group enunciations, events discussing pedagogic practices and conceptions were selected. Based on the dialectical method, principles raised by Vygotsky (1998) were used, wherein the processes are analyzed and not only the object/product alone, articulating the microgenetic level of social interactions with the study of the dialogical-discursive behavior. Thus, elements from specific events were associated to macrosocial conditions. On a theoretical-methodological reference, the researcher sought support in historical-cultural approach theories, in particular, in the ideas published by Vygotsky and Bakhtin, which find its foundations on the enunciation and mediation, highlighting the importance of the role of our life s history, of our language and of our experiences in the constructions of our conscience. The concepts of meaning and sense were applied; the concept of dialogic; proper wording and the word of others; enunciation, ideology and enunciation, associating these concepts in order to understand the formation of teachers and the Libras teaching processes. The object hereof is limited to understand the history of formation of Libras teachers in Brazil, and the nature of the knowledge (scientific/technical) destined thereto at the time of the initial formation. The hypothesis was that, even with an initial formation, teachers presented theoretical-practical difficulties in their teaching performance. Upon the analysis of aspects of the initial formation and the enunciations of the group of teachers, it was interpreted the manner in which they signify and resignify their work, and how they apply their methodological knowledge to teach this language. Therefore, the analysis was carried out under three categories: 1) meaning and sense of the teaching work; 2) theory and practice in the teaching-learning process of the language; 3) political ideology and conscience. A thesis was established in which the formation of the Libras teachers must take into consideration the pedagogic practice as a political and didactic action within discursive contexts, providing the future teachers the understanding that the language is not an abstraction described by linguistics (solid), but that it is a part of the enunciation process. For this reason, the language is frequently mobilized by the active understanding, the teacher, therefore, being responsible for creating and conducting interactions that make Libras learners to take over manners to signify the world in this sign-visual language. This knowledge may favor the formation of future Libras teachers.
Desenvolvimento de concentrados de PVC reforçados com fibras de vidro longas (LF-PVC) para reforçar compostos de PVC rígido moldados por injeção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Grizzo, Leandro Henrique; Hage Júnior, Elias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5414245470336455
This work presents a study and development of long glass fiber PVC pellet concentrate (LF-PVC) manufactured by extrusion similar wire coating technique to reinforce pelletized rigid PVC compounds to produce injection molding LF-PVC composites. The incorporation of LF-PVC in rigid PVC compound exhibited mechanical benefits mainly in tensile modulus, flexural modulus and notched impact strength. Injection molding LF-PVC composites with 20 wt% of fiberglass presented tensile and flexural modulus 90% higher than unreinforced rigid PVC; Izod and Charpy notched impact strength 13% and 40% higher than unreinforced rigid PVC, respectively. The reinforcement of rigid PVC with LF-PVC presented slight damage in heat distortion and Vicat temperatures. 20wt% fiberglass PVC composites presented around 10% lower than unreinforced rigid PVC because LF-PVC reinforcement presented little quantity of plasticizers and majority of low molecular weight PVC resin. The innovative technique developed by Grizzo in a preliminary work [1; 2] to incorporate long glass fiber in rigid PVC compound was optimized because the LF-PVC pellets produced presented lower quantity of plasticizer, adequate fiberglass roving with suitable coupling agent (sizing) for PVC and a fiberglass roving tex (g/km) with excellent cost. In summary the reinforcement of injection molding rigid PVC compound with LF-PVC compounds produced unsatisfactory mechanical performance of LF-PVC composites, although that allowed them to compete to long glass fiber polypropylene and polyamide composites in injection molding technical parts under room temperature. Also LF-PVC composites allowed improve usual PVC applications such as connections to reduce thickness or rise dimensional, for example diameter and length, which was not possible before. The last, there are potential applications for LF-PVC composites to be used in special pressurized connections to replace internal metallic reinforcement, and in faucets and other bathroom devices for metal replacement.
Análise de um programa de autorregulação para alunos com dificuldades de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Figueiredo, Mirela de Oliveira; Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040
The students with learning difficulties have failures in integrating perceptual, memory, thought, language, in one or more aspects of self-regulation of learning and does not have and/or making use of appropriate and active repertoire of skills for learning. These students have as a consequence a limitation or impediment for learning reading, writing, arithmetic and social skills. The causes for these difficulties are related to the subject learning and physical and/or social environment of school and/or family. The objectives of this study were develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention for students with learning difficulties enrolled in primary municipal school. This study adopted the quasi-experimental design of the type pre-and post-test. Instruments were applied Motor Development Scale (EDM), Competency Test Reading Words and Pseudowords (TCLPP) and two checklists elaborated for assess aspects of learning, self-regulation, behavioral and emotional in students aged 7-8 years. The students were nominated by teachers and had scores below average in the indicated tests. From the results was prepared an intervention plan consisting of the reading of the book Trick of the Yellow and activities that stimulate the skills required for the acquisition and development of self-regulated learning. The materialisation of the intervention lasted 4 months, students are assessed before, during and at the end of the intervention. The JT Method was adopted for data analysis and verification of occurrence of positive changes reliable and clinically relevant. The results indicate the occurrence of clinically significant changes in reading, the body schema and spatial orientation in 27 students. There were also positive changes in aspects behavioral, emotional and self-regulatory of these students. Were found and discussed some limitations in Brazilian educational policies directed to students with special educational needs. The results show the effectiveness of the intervention in promoting self-regulatory skills in the psychomotor acquisitions necessary for the development of self-regulated learning and minimizing learning difficulties presented by the students. Finally, the study provides elements that support targeted interventions for students with learning disabilities as well as educational practices. It becomes clear that for effective school inclusion of students with learning difficulties is necessary that the proper educational inclusion policy breaks with the tendency to devote to pupils with disabilities and pass to consider other changes in development also integrate the daily life of children who attend school and are not considered in the universe of "special educational needs".
A temática evolução nos livros didáticos de biologia utilizados pelas escolas públicas de Araras, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Bergamini, Marcela Pagoti; Perinotto, Tiago; Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0465733173308958
The Synthetic Theory of Evolution is considered the unifier among all theories in Biological Sciences. Before its description, the contents were fragmented into the so-called Natural History. In this context, the importance of learning for understanding science as a whole becomes evident. However, it is noted that nowadays, the theme “evolution” present in textbooks is often approached in a minimalist way, which can lead students to erroneous conceptions, whether due to lack or even failures in the transposition of content. Therefore, the work aimed to analyze the content on evolution present in Biology textbooks used in the state public education system in the city of Araras, SP, according to the distribution made by the PNLD (Programa Nacional do Livro Didático). The three textbooks used were evaluated, pointing out content errors and factors that influence erroneous conceptions on the part of students based on didactic transposition and, therefore, proposing improvements to this teaching and learning tool. To this end, a theoretical basis was carried out through bibliographical surveys of scientific articles and academic books that address the topic of evolution and, subsequently, a comparative analysis of textbooks, following the criteria: simplification affecting the content, existence of conceptual errors, presence of fragmented concepts and relationship with everyday life. After this analysis, possible misconceptions and factors that influence the assimilation of the content were discussed, so that proposals for improvements could be suggested, to assist in the assimilation of this content by students and teachers.
Determinação e degradação eletroquímica do estrogênio natural estrona usando anodos de diamante dopado com boro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Brocenschi, Ricardo Francisco; Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4530780432056175
Different electrochemical techniques were used to characterize the boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode and to determine estrone. After parameters optimization, the detection limits obtained using differential pulse voltammetry (0.27 μmol L 1) and square-wave voltammetry (0.096 μmol L 1) with a cathodically pretreated BDD electrode were comparable to values reported in the literature. An even smaller value was obtained when amperometric detection was used with a flow injection system FIA-EC (0.050 μmol L 1), because there is a reduction of capacitive current interferences when a fixed potential is applied, as the continuous flow rate (surface cleaning and mass transport effect). In all cases, the BDD electrode presented a stable response (inter- and intra-day repeatabilities) and different matrices did not have significant influence on the detection of estrone. Consequently, the investigated techniques are promising for this purpose, with excellent accuracy and precision. In the electrochemical degradation of estrone studies in a flow reactor a rapid decay of estrone concentration was attained, due to the high oxidation power of the BDD electrode. This decay is dependent on the studied parameters (current density, flow rate, and pH); best results were attained at pH 3. Intermediate products formed during electrolyses of estrone at different pH (3, 7, and 10) were investigated by LC-MS/MS; thus, inedited (partial) degradation pathways were proposed, aiming at understanding the influence of pH on the generation of intermediates. Finally, electrochemical degradation of estrone at pH 7 using the BDD electrode was compared with the one attained with a β‒PbO2 electrode, also with an inedited mechanistic study.
Influência do ácido aspártico no processo de eletrodeposição de ligas de Cu-Sn-Ni. Avaliação da morfologia, composição, estrutura, adesão e resistência à corrosão dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Rubin, Wesley; Carlos, Ivani Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9595264535185281
This research work presents the main results on the development of electrolytic baths with no cyanides for the production of Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Ni alloys and also the morphological, chemical and structural characterization of the coatings and also the assessment adhesion and corrosion resistance of the deposits. From the eletrolytic solutions, it was found that for the production of films on both substrate steel or Pt, the pH should be low enough, i.e. 1.20, to avoid Sn hydrolysis and also maintain the additive fully protonated. Electroanalytical studies were conducted looking for the best deposition conditions for obtaining high quality films both on Pt and steel substrates. The influence of the deposition potential or current and the charge deposition and the effect of the additive on the characteristics of the films were analyzed. The voltammetric curves indicated that the Hasp do not influence significantly the thermodynamics of the deposition process regardless the substrate. Only, the presence of the additive led to lower Ni content in the coatings. In general, the films were dendritic and spongy, regardless of the type of deposition, substrate or the presence of Hasp. The electrodeposits phase composition is influenced by the Hasp only on Pt substrate. The phase composition for those produced on steel, without or with the additive exhibited different phases in comparision wiht those produced on Pt. In relation to the Cu-Sn-Ni deposits adherence on steel substrate, in general, they had regular grip, except deposits A_05, B_05 e A_35 which were more adherent than others. The corrosion studies showed that the performance of Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Ni coatings were similar. The corrosion potentials were in the range of - 661 ± 27 mV and -777 ± 73 mV, which were less negative than the Ecor of steel substrate (-759 ± 12). Furthermore, Rp values of deposits were also higher than for steel substrate and thus it can be inferred that the films produced provide good corrosion resistance. The alkaline Cu-Ni-Sn solutions were not stable and produce some metal compounds as precipitates, which were washed, dried, homogenized and characterized. It was found the possibility to use them for powder metallurgy for Cu-Sn-Ni alloys.
Correlação entre morfologia, percolação elétrica e propriedades mecânicas de compósitos da blenda PLA/PBS com grafite expandido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-06) Sousa, Daniel Eurico Salvador de; Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5035028318043763
In recent years, researchers from industry and universities have focused their interests in polymer nanocomposites, especially in multifunctional composites. The composites made from nano expanded graphite ( nGE ) can provide to the polymer matrix an innovative balance of structural, electrical and thermal conductivity, electromagnetic shielding and improved barrier and wear resistance properties. The increasing demand of using biodegradable polymers, such as poly (lactic acid ) (PLA ) and its blends with poly ( butylene succinate) (PBS), in packages of short lifespan with low resistivity requirements, motivated this work. Nanocomposites of nGE with PLA and PLA / PBS blends were evaluated on the effects of conductive nanofiller content and processing methods in their rheological, mechanical, and electrical properties, in order to correlate and possibly control the formation of the percolation network. The nanographite had a major mechanical reinforcement effect in of the composite with PLA / PBS, increasing all tensile properties. Through microstructural analysis, it was was observed the selective localization of graphite particles in PLA, forming a percolated co-continuous phase with PBS phase. This phenomenon was identified as double percolation, result of the preferential nGE gelation in PLA by the processes of coalescence of PBS and possible crystallization of polymers in the blend. The PLA composites remained resistive, since the nGE particles homogeneous dispersion was maintained. The lowest resistivities were found in the samples of the blend processed by compression moulding, more favorable process for the formation of the electrical percolation network through the mechanisms mentioned above. The coalescence of PBS phase proved to be determinant for the electrical percolation.