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Atuação bibliotecária no tratamento temático da informação em unidades informacionais: um estudo comparativo qualitativo-quantitativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Tartarotti, Roberta Cristina Dal Evedove; Rubi, Milena Polsinelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5656585147722568; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0013338820189150
Considering the importance of information and knowledge socialization in the present day context and the essentiality of the production of knowledge for producing science, access to quality and reliable information remains crucial. The field of Knowledge Organization and Representation (KOR) of Information Science offers the theoretical-practical approach available for the production, processing and retrieval of information and knowledge in the society, considering the treatment of information as a complementary linkage between the production and the very use of information. The main purpose of the present exploratory-descriptive qualitative-quantitative and theoretical-practical study was conduct a research of library functions in the thematic treatment of information in the retrieval systems of information units through subject cataloging in online collective catalog, with focus on subject analysis. In the design of the study, the following specific objectives were set: a) to investigate the process of subject cataloguing in online collective catalogs as well as the process of indexing in databases; b) to evaluate the documentary indexing in the context of information retrieval systems of university libraries; 3) to discuss the practice of subject cataloguing and the indexing process in order to improve professional practice in the thematic treatment of information in the context of university libraries. First, the study offers some theoretical perspectives for the dialogue between the fields of Science, Technology and Society (STS) and the field of Information Science (IC), in view of the area of Knowledge Organization and Representation (KOR). Second, it presents the elements of science and technology policy in university libraries and the retrieval systems of units of information, especially the university libraries online collective catalogs and the databases of specialized scientific areas. Finally, it presents the information subject treatment (IST) in the domain of Information Science, considering the importance of this process in information retrieval for users and researchers from the academic context. After reviewing the literature, the Verbal Protocol (VP) analysis in the modality of Individual Verbal Protocol (IVP) was used as a qualitative method for collecting data from the librarians who work in information retrieval systems in Health, to observe the cognitive processes of documental analysis (document type: Doctoral thesis) in the subject cataloguing in the online collective catalog DEDALUS (USP) and to perform the indexing process in LILACS database (BIREME). Additionally, indexing evaluation (IE) was used as a quantitative method to measure and to evaluate the intrinsic/extrinsic aspects of the indexing process, in the modality the Intra-indexer consistency or Intralibrarian taking into account the lack of verticalized studies that use this method. The sample of the study comprised three public university libraries from the University of São Paulo: Library of the School of Dentistry, Library of the School of Public Health and Library of the Institute of Psychology 5 subjects (2 catalogers, 2 indexers and 1 cataloger-indexer) were studied. The results indicated low rates of intraconsistency between the processes of subject cataloguing and subject indexing in the libraries, however, in the average reported in the literature. The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of considering interdisciplinarity in scientific, technological and social fields between the two scientific spheres, in view of the complexity of information flow and knowledge in society.
Semicondutores no ensino médio: uma proposta de ensino de física contemporânea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Freitas, Frederico Campos; Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4857392124543432
Most of electronic devices use diodes and transistors based on semiconductors. For a people better relationship and understanding these technologies, is important to know some basic principles in what these devices are based. There are several official documents and academic researches related with this theme, always exalting of the need teach concepts of Modern Physics - especially those related to Quantum theory - for high school students. The goal of this work was the production of four short videos, whose intention was explain semiconductor concepts for high school students. In this master thesis is described the process of screenplay s production, videos recording and its presentation on two classes of High School last grade of a private school in Uberaba-MG. After each video s presentation, a questionnaire with Likert s items was given to students for measure their attitude with reference to the concepts presented in these four videos. The questionnaires results were analyzed from theory point of view, and the proposed goal has been achieved.
Raízes das instituições políticas brasileiras: indivíduo e estado brasileiro no pensamento político de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e Oliveira Vianna
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Melo, Martiniano Borges de; Cepêda, Vera Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8996922232315575
The purpose of this study is to find and compare in the works of Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (1936) and Oliveira Vianna (1949) the reasoning which tries to demonstrate that the essential ideological uniqueness of the Brazilian individual has been able to create a certain ethos that would eventually consolidate itself in the structuration of a state that holds a specific set of characteristics. In other words, we try to determine which arguments were used by the authors in order to demonstrate that the state is a product of sociabilities, and these, products of specific individuals.
A Geração de tecnologias para organizações solidárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez; Eid, Farid; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1399082619423324
O artigo aponta para importância da geração de tecnologias adequadas às propostas das organizações solidárias. Para tanto, exploram-se as complementaridades de vertentes críticas, focadas em análises mais amplas, e construtivistas, mais microanalíticas, dos estudos sociais da tecnologia para evidenciar como as soluções tecnológicas ao mesmo tempo constroem e são construídas pela sociedade. Guiado por essas referências, defende-se a relevância da conjunção entre as propostas dos movimentos da Economia Solidária e das Tecnologias Sociais e propõe que o fortalecimento das organizações solidárias por meio de tecnologias adequadas pode ser potencializado pela criação de referências metodológicas para o projeto e adequação dessas tecnologias.
A atenção social nos desastres: uma análise sociológica das diversas concepções de atendimento aos grupos sociais afetados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Siena, Mariana; Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7161606146208875; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0223897912354111
The disaster is a tragic and critical event that exceeds the everyday life, invaded it, messes it out. It is a phenomenon seen as unacceptable, and that surprises those who are both in and out of the scene; immediate concerns prompt mobilization of resources and exceptional measures, pressing authorities to act quickly (VALENCIO, 2012). Faced with such a phenomenon, civil defense has the institutional mission of coordinating all actions in context, including those of social assistance. However, the national reality tells us that, in Brazilian municipalities, social assistance has a significantly greater institutional presence in relation to civil defense. Howsoever, whether the presence of civil defense, either with the presence of social assistance, public assistance to those social groups affected in the disaster or that enhances their vulnerability to threatening events has been characterized by precariousness. That is, the recurrent has been a kind of care that goal by the kingdom needs (not rights), not exceeding the supply of needs, where is considered enough by the public entity the provision based on mattresses and baskets of food. Studies about politics of civil defense in disaster scenario were made by Valencio (2009, 2012), and Valencio & Valencio (2010). But, there is a gap in the debate about the strategic social care services in the context of disaster. This study aimed to throw light on this gap and analyze the reasons why, in the context of disaster, assistance to vulnerable populations remains as precarious. For this, the main objective of this study was to examine the sociological discourse and practice of social assistance in the context of disaster, using a macro and micro sociological perspective from the case study of the municipality of Ribeirão Preto/SP. Thus, study focused on the ways in which social context portrayed the disaster and, thereafter, identified the affected social groups and individuals from whom made his acting technique. In the present case, the acting technique implemented in the municipality and analyzed in this study was centrally guided in the displacement of a group of residents of some slums, recurrently subject to floods, to the housing complex Toni Wilson Garden.
Análise de glucuronídeos em urina humana com injeção direta de amostras por cromatografia líquida acoplada à espectrometria de massa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Castral, Thaís Corrêa; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0124878003601321
This work describes the results obtained from studies carried out to quantify phenyl-β-D-glucuronide (FG) and nitrophenyl-β-D-glucuronide (NFG) in human urine by direct injection sample using LC-MS/MS system. The columns RAM-BSA SAX and RAM-BSA C8 were prepared and evaluated in relation to their exclusion capability of urine macromolecules and retention capability of FG by direct injection samples. Both columns presented good retention capability for glucuronide, however, the RAM-BSA SAX column was more efficient in exclusion since this column did not have any interferences eluting after the exclusion time. However, the RAM-BSA SAX column can not be used for FG quantification by LC-MS/MS because the chromatographic condition of this column presented high buffer concentration (40 mM ammonium formate), which resulted in total suppression of the FG signal. Therefore, the column RAM-BSA C8 was selected for the development of the methods. In this study we evaluated triple quadrupole (QqQ) and ion trap (IT) mass spectrometry for both selected glucuronides. It was not possible to obtain selectivity in the analytical conditions developed using UHPLC-QqQ. When we used the IT analyzer, we obtained selectivity in a multidimensional mode for the FG using the column RAM-BSA C8 in the first dimension and the column Ascentis Express F5 in the second dimension. For the NFG we achieved selectivity in a unidimensional mode. The figures of merit obtained with external standarization calibration curve with spiked pooled urines were accurate and precise. For FG, the LQ and LD were 1.0 μg/mL and 0.5 μg/mL, respectively, and to NFG, the LQ and LD were 4.0 μg/mL and 3.0 μg/mL. For the method application we adopted calibration by standard addition to minimize the individual differences between urine donors. To all six toxicological samples analyzed, just one exceeded the regulatory limits for urinary phenol. For NFG, there were no toxicological samples available, thus the method was applied in spiked samples in the laboratory.
Impactos das práticas da acreditação no desempenho hospitalar: um survey em hospitais do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Alástico, Gabriel Pedro; Toledo, José Carlos de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9051672716831147
The demand for improving the health care services from social actors (Government, Insurance Companies, Patients and Payers) has carried out the hospitals to implement actions of performance improvement. In Brazil, it occurs in a context of deficiency in the management and efficiency of the processes. This thesis analyzes the implamentation impact of NAO‟s Accreditation practices (the brazilian certification most required in the healt care services) on the hospital performance as well as the moderators factors (hospital ownership, hospital size, Accreditation level and Accreditation time) influence in this relationship. A survey research involving the 32 Accredited hospitals from Sao Paulo State was carried out during six months. The survey evaluated the managers‟ perception about the hospital performance improvement comparing the current hospital performance with the hospital performance before the adoption of Accreditation practices. A statistic analysis determined the statistical significance between the Accreditation practices and the hospital performance improvement. Moreover, the most critical Accreditation practices for improving the hospital performance were identified. Finally, managerial actions were proposed to improve the performance of hospitals clusters composed by hospitals with similar management characteristics. The statistical analysis results identified a significant influence of the Accreditation practices in operational efficiency under the action of size and Accreditation time of the hospitals. The critical practices to the hospital performance improvement are the risks management practices and the managerial inovation practices. The first improve the hospital infection rate and the latter improve the medication errors rate.
Mapeamento e análise da percepção e impactos entre usuários finais do acesso aberto à informação científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-17) Silva-Jerez, Nelson Sebastian; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7157978490951972
ABSTRACT Abstract: The main aim of the research here presented was to gauge how open access to peer-reviewed scientific literature is perceived and understood by the so-called lay public, and how that public uses, accesses and understands the information found. The research further sought to identify how this literature serves the information needs of users. The main theme here is the Open Access movement, understood as access to digital publications of scientific communication, free of any restrictions other than those coming from obtaining access to an Internet connection. The quantitative analysis of data obtained through a structured questionnaire was used. Given the exploratory nature of the study, voluntary interviews with 73 people randomly chosen were conducted . Out of these, 55 were conducted online and 18 in person.The questionnaire consisted of 26 closed questions, and was divided into four parts, plus a simple demographic profile. The first part evaluated health information literacy, using for this an adaptation of the monitoring tool developed by Niemelä et al., consisting of six questions based on the Likert scale. It was find that respondents realise the importance of being well informed about health matters, and obtain information from medical and/or scientific sources, but this does not translate into similar levels of confidence in their own skills to retrieve information and assess its reliability. The second part sought to identify how users access health information that meets their needs, and how they trust the different sources.The five most frequently reported sources were the Internet, the doctor or health care professional, acquaintances with no specific competences in the area, labels and package inserts for medicines, and associates with expertise in the health care area. Regarding the Internet, it was found that repositories of articles are more used than wikis and forums, two types of sites we believed to have more appeal than the scientific literature, and also were perceived as more credible sources. The third part sought to measure the respondents perceptions regarding their own knowledge about scientific literature and the open access concept. It was observed that a large majority of respondents believe that they would not know the difference between a scientific article and a newspaper article about science and neither would they know how to define what is open access.The fourth part was to evaluate how subjects use information found in their decision making process. Respondents mostly have used or would use health information found on the Internet critically in the decision-making process, including to change doctors. It is concluded that despite the increasingly widespread use of the Internet as a source of daily information for the general public, and the latent desire to use more reliable information, understood in this research as being thatof scientific origin, there are still barriers that could be minimized by open access to scientific literature, resulting in the potential improvement of decision-making power of the general public.