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Transição agroecológica em assentamentos rurais no entorno da reserva biológica de Poço das Antas - RJ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-18)
Rivetti, Leonardo Vicente
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2744034908312034
This study aimed to analyze the process of agroecological transition in Microregion of the São João River Basin, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, more specifically in agrarian reform settlements surrounding the Biological Reserve Poço das Antas. The idea to start a transition process in local agriculture started from the initiative of some technical extension of municipal and nongovernmental organizations, entities technical assistance and rural extension, and farmers and social movements in the region. Introducing aspects of qualitative and quantitative, the research was conducted from realization semistructured interviews to collect information about the object of study, as well as documentary research for gathering data, photographic records and field observations. The dialogue with settled families and technical extension was the main tool to analyze the transition process in field level, identifying and understanding different times of the trajectory of change in the context local agriculture. The adoption of ecological practices in production systems brought improvements in the quality of soil and water properties in favored local biome with the increase in biodiversity and polycultures and agroflorestry systems, diversification of production and improved income for a group of producers. However, despite positive externalities, in current phase, in year 2012, the process of agroecological transition has entered a phase of disjointed in the current phase, with lower capacity range, compared to other times considered in this study. The research points to the importance of new and different theoretical discussion, including policy, around the principles of agroecology in its complexity, to promote a transition in agriculture an appropriate proposal to agriculture in context of human communities and ecosystems they inhabit.
Estudo de blenda polimérica PET/PE aplicado na reciclagem de aparas de filmes multicamadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-18)
Uehara, Gabriel Abreu
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6164431605058964
The main objective of this work was to analyze the viability of the recycling of post-industrial packaging scraps, compounded by multilayer laminated films of PET-HDPE, for production of polymer blends with good physical-mechanical performance. Initially, several PET-HDPE model-blends were developed utilizing pure resins, in which had similar characteristics to the polymers that are effectively utilized by the cosmetic industry that generate the scraps. The model-blends were produced in diverse formulations, starting from a 2² full factorial design of experiments (DOE) and expanding it afterwards to a central composite design, in which varied the PET/HDPE ratio from 0 to 100 wt%. Polyolefin compatibilizers based on glycidyl methacrylate (E-GMA) and maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA) have been used to promote the compatibilization reaction between PET and HDPE. The physical-mechanical properties of the model-blends were evaluated by means of response surface methodology (RSM), a scientific tool that provides a multivariate data analysis. Finally, the post-industrial plastic scraps were diluted in the same compatibilizer concentrations that defined the best conjunct of physical-mechanical properties for the model-blends. The DOE methodology showed to be a useful tool for assessing the recycling of post-industrial scraps, since it was possible to obtain recycled materials with considerable physical-mechanical properties. The deformation at yield enhanced with compatibilizers concentration, while the Young modulus diminished. The utilization of 10 wt% of PE-g-MA enhanced 12x the values of deformation at break, while the use of 10 wt% of E-GMA barely doubled the values of the property. Additionally, the blends compatibilized with PE-g-MA also showed a better performance under impact test. The utilization of 15 wt% of PE-g-MA enhanced the Izod impact resistance in 250%. The better performance of maleic anhydride based compatibilizer (PE-g-MA) is due to the possible presence of nylon-6 at the structure of the scraps, which undergoes a kinetically favorable chemical reaction, facilitating the compatibilization between the components. Finally, one could be demonstrated that starting from a technological premise it s possible to develop scientific models that optimize the recycling route of multilayer flexible packaging films that arise from cosmetic industry.
Novas narrativas para multiplataformas: um estudo sobre jogos de realidade alternada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-18)
Correia, Gabriel Costa
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4746938817536999
The main goal of this dissertation is to introduce the alternate reality game as a new narrative for multiplatform. By new narratives are understood the forms of storytelling arising from the current development of digital technology; and for multiplatform the variety of means by which the contents of these stories can travel. For this main objective is reached, two main hypotheses are formulated: 1) ARGs are stories for multiple platforms using code-breaking with playful and narrative functions; and 2) they are developed from an intense transtextuality guided by pop mythology that flourished during the twentieth century. Based on this starting point, this thesis will examine two ARGs, Uncertain Zone and Why So Serious?, in a way that it contributes to the hypothesis that Alternate Reality Games are a native narrative form of convergence culture founded on an extensive base of pop culture references. In the chapter dedicated to Uncertain Zone will be listed the various media used during the performance of the ARG, that together with interviews with the developers and testimonials from participants will weave a more descriptive overview of how alternate reality games are composed as multiplatform narratives. In addition, a brief discussion on the playful and narrative functions of the code-breaking in ARGs will be outlined. With Why So Serious? the analysis will focus on the intense transtextuality that alternate reality games establish to what will be called pop mythology in this dissertation and in the relationship between ARGs and market. Incidentally issues related to participatory culture will be raised throughout the text, but without further reflection, since, worth reiterating, the main goal of this thesis is the demonstration of a contemporary narrative form from some elements previously submitted, this form is the alternate reality game.
Ideação à inovação disruptiva: um estudo de caso sobre seus condicionantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-18)
Cardoso, Marcos Milani
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2704734508727222
This present work represents a case study conducted with different business units and corporate areas in a Brazilian branch of a multinational company (acknowledged by its innovative strength in multiple sectors: auto parts, consumer goods and industrial goods), aiming to understand what inhibits or enables a more venturesome innovative approach towards more disruptive products (understood as those genuinely new, designed after actual demands and unmet needs, avoiding limitations of technological paradigms and the erroneous inertial persecution of the same competitive attributes). For doing so, the following main objectives are established: 1. Understand how selected determinants (environment, human resources, financial resources, processes, culture and strategy) impact the product innovation portfolio composition in the units selected; 2. Therefore, identify ideas sources that are most frequently used and those considered most effective in each unit studied. As the background for this analysis, the literature review outlined starts discussing some concepts (disruptive innovation and value co-creation particularly) which exhort to the importance of a broader innovative orientation, dribbling an inertial conservative behavior that seems quite deleterious. After that, an approach on the main drivers that mold the innovation orientation is outlined (covering the lockin risks and opportunities brought by open innovation amidst the innovation strategy perspectives). Finally, the bottlenecks in the idea generation phase (which has been reported by some recent studies as the major cause for an alleged gap in disruptive innovations) are explored, some multidisciplinary contributions on innovation applied creativity (ideation concepts from cognitive and social sciences) are brought and the most effective and commonly used sources of ideas according to recent researches are covered. The analysis identifies three main innovation orientations in the studied areas (tech drivers with offensive strategies; need seekers with opportunist strategies; and market readers with more dependent strategies), what seems to be determined by deliberate corporate definitions molded by a more conservative and centralizing cultural and strategic approach of the company, dedicating limited innovation scope and resources for the branch. The idea sources follows this three main innovation orientations, also being close to those traditionally used internationally: technologically oriented areas with more innovative capabilities (offensive innovation strategy) tend to find more efficient and popular the technological prospection sources; dependent innovation approaches tend to rely on a more basic usage of voice of customer sources; and the opportunist orientation is the only approach more focused on open innovation methods (which generally have limited adoption). Besides and in general, internal and voice of customer sources tend to be disseminated and effectively used independently of the orientation.
Mecanismos de condução e relaxação elétrica em cerâmicas multiferróicas de Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3 e Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-19)
Silva, Roney Carlos da
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Eiras, José Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6653223814715498
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2997108027389298
Multiferroic are materials which have at least two of the three ferroics orders: ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity and/or ferroelasticity. The coupling between these properties, make multiferroic materials of great technological and scientific interest, mainly in the design of new devices such as sensors and spintronic devices. The lead iron tungstate Pb(Fe2=3W1=3)O3 (PFW) is a relaxor multiferroic with ferroelectric transition TC ~ 180K and antiferromagnetic TN ~ 340K, it is a member of the relaxor ferroelectrics family with perovskite structure, in which the two types of cations (Fe3+ e W6+) are randomly distributed in the B site, causing the formation of polar nanoregions (or clusters) of order/disorder at microscopic scale, which would be the origin of the relaxor behavior. Lead iron niobate Pb(Fe1=2Nb1=2)O3 (PFN) is a ferroelectric with diffuse phase transition (DPT) around TC ~ 380K and antiferromagnetic, with the G-type ordering below the Néel temperature, reported in TN ~ 143K. This material has a high dielectric constant, and excellent ferroelectric properties. The Pb2+, at site A, and Nb5+, at site B are responsible for the ferroelectric order, as the Fe3+ at site B is responsible to provide the necessary magnetic moment for the magnetic ordering. In this work, the electrical conduction and relaxation mechanism of multiferroics PFW and PFN ceramics were investigated. The PFW and PFN samples were prepared by solid state reaction method through two stages. This method was effective to obtain samples with majoritary perovskite phase (95,6% and 95,7%), respectively. After the densification process through sintering methods used in this work (conventional sintering, hot pressing and spark plasma), the perovskite phase was increased, being almost 100 %. The samples of PFW and PFN obtained by the different densification techniques, were dense and practically free of pores. For the analysis of the dielectric response of the samples, it was proposed in this work, an analysis protocol, which was effective to find the responsible mechanisms for the dielectric response of the studied materials. Two relaxation processes were identified for each studied sample, which were labeled as: PR-1, PR-2 or PR *. These processes can be attributed to the interfacial polarization and polarization by hopping, occurring due to the presence of defects in the lattice, such as the oxygen vacancies and lead vacancies. From the dependence of the DC electrical conductivity versus temperature, it was possible to identify regions with different mechanisms of electrical conduction for the samples of PFW and PFN. These mechanisms are, thermally activated at high temperatures, hopping of small polarons at intermediate temperatures and variable range hopping at low temperatures.
Descartes de obras provindas por doações na perspectiva da alteridade Baktiniana, caso: biblioteca da Unesp câmpus de Rio Claro-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-19)
Silva, Célia Aparecida Rufino da
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Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9234683480758746
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9234683480758746
The university library is seen as a component of cozy intellectual creation and the professional Librarian is responsible for the process of selection of works that will comprise its acquis. Due to the inconsistent performance of some professionals, when ignoring the practices that contemplate the acquisition of works by donation, originate from a set of irregular actions practiced by them in the processes of hewing and disposal, these performances are target of judicial inquiries, coming to denigrate the professional image and the institution. The objective of this work was to describe the processes of hewing in university libraries, under the perspective of Bakhtin’s vision in the form of act of professional librarian. For Bakhtin, are in human interactions that the subject is constituted discursively and encounter and from listening to various social voices that emerge the dialogical relations ahead the diversities of life. And it is in this communion of human acts that constitutes the relation of otherness. The research method used was the case study of an exploratory and descriptive bibliographical searches were also carried out for authors of the area. The case studied was the university library of Rio Claro campus/SPUNESP. As results were described the processes of selection and disposal touted the Bakhtin’s concepts according to the mode of action of the professional librarian. These processes in addition to meet the offer with works in accordance with the profile of institutional units, the mode of action of librarians and assistants are anchored in the “surplus of vision”, to seek alternatives such as: Reading Companion, Tallow Academic, thus promoting the relocation aware of same. It is concluded that based on the results and the theoretical discussions that the theme of hewing under the perspective of Bakhtin allows you to open the voice of the user in the development process of collections, in particular at the time of discarding or incorporate works of donation in the collection of the institution.
Argamassa para revestimento com propriedades termoacústicas, produzida a partir de vermiculita expandida e borracha reciclada de pneus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-19)
Cintra, Cynthia Leonis Dias
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Baldo, João Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2410385643716370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5804164376029423
Light weight masonry mortars containing vermiculite are commonly used when one wants thermal and acoustic insulation. This Thesis investigated the incorporation of recycled used tires rubber crumbs as light weight mortar aggregates, in substitution of parts of vermiculite and sand. The main objective was based on the natural resources protection and decrease in environment impact, by means of the recycling in large quantities, of a problematic dischargeable product (used tires). By means of the pertinent standards, six masonry mortar compositions were investigated; two compositions of light weight masonry mortars containing cement, lime, sand and vermiculite, two compositions containing cement, lime, sand, vermiculite and rubber crumbs from recycled tires. In addition, to have a broader comparative ground ,a traditional mortar (cement+slime+sand) and an industrialized mortar (cemet+lime+sand+additives), not of the light weight class, were also investigated. The substitution of parts of vermiculite and sand by rubber recycled aggregates was taken to 45wt% of the whole light weight mortar mass. The results showed that the incorporation of rubber aggregates, promoted a decrease in the mortar drying shrinkage, a reasonable increase in the compressive strength and an expressive increase in the adherence strength of the light mortars. Another positive factor was that the inclusion of the rubber aggregates did not caused any sensible alteration neither in the thermal conductivity nor on the acoustic absorption, comparatively to the values presented by the light mortars without rubber aggregates. It was concluded that the light weight mortars containing recycled rubber aggregates, constitute a viable new contribution to the sustainable constructive elements field, fulfilling this Thesis main objective.
Análise do comportamento mecânico a quente do aço inoxidável super duplex UNS S32760 através de mapas de processamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-19)
Dias, Clayton Pereira
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Balancin, Oscar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8379205949387493
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2332178514301460
The need for materials with higher mechanical and corrosion resistance in corrosive environments, such as in oil extraction in saline media, paper and pressure vessel industry, has led to the use of stainless steel Super Duplex. The manufacture of these materials involves the step of heat processing, whose performance depends on the hot workability of the material. In this paper we investigate whether the processing conditions in which super duplex stainless steel UNS S32760 can be worked and the work area in which the material can fail. The physical simulation was performed by means of hot torsion testing. The tests were performed at temperatures ranging from 900°C to 1200°C and strain rates of 0.01 s-1 to 10 s-1. The evolution of strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress(m) at all temperatures investigated in strain of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 was determined. After obtaining the values of m for each deformation condition, the values of the efficiency of power dissipation (ῃ) were calculated and applying a criterion of instability (ξ) Processing maps were constructed. Using these maps, we discuss the effects of deformation conditions on the efficiency of power dissipation and the instability of plastic material. The domains of processing maps with the observed microstructures and aspects of plastic flow curves were related.
Tolerância de espécies nativas do cerrado ao alumínio em solução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-19)
Visconti, Bruno Arantes de Carvalho
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-6450
The Cerrado biome (Brazilian savanna) occupies about 30% of the Brazilian territory. Its soils have limitations for the development of crops of economic interest, as they are naturally acidic, with high levels of aluminum (Al) and low availability of nutrients. However, native plant species tend to be insensitive to excess Al in the soil, using mechanisms of exclusion or internal detoxification. The fundamental objective of this study was to study the tolerance of seedlings of five native vegetal from to the Cerrado to increasing doses of Al (0, 10, 30, 60, and 120 mg L-1) in nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a randomized block design, with a 5 x 5 factorial scheme and three replicates. The following native species were used: Aegiphila sellowiana (Pau-tamanco), Tabernaemontana hystrix (Leiteiro), Lafoensia pacari (Dedaleiro), Cordia ecalyculata (Café-de-bugre), and Cedrela fissilis (Cedro-Rosa). The seedlings were transplanted into Leonard pots containing nutrient solution and different concentrations of Al. After 21 days, results of shoot and root biomass were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey's test, at the 5% level of significance. There was no significant difference for the biomass of the shoots and roots of the species studied with the increase in the concentration of Al in solution, probably due to the period of contact between the seedlings and the Al in solution being insufficient for the appearance of the Al effects. However, the fact that plant development was not affected was interpreted as indicative of tolerance to this type of abiotic stress, which normally is not observed in cultivated plants. Leonard vessels were considered suitable experimental apparatus for studying the influence of Al in solution on plant development. It was concluded that the five native species were tolerant to abiotic stress caused by exposure to nutrient solutions containing up to 120 mg L-1 of Al.
Estudo da aplicação da técnica de Trabalho Essencial da Fratura (EWF) na análise da tenacidade à fratura de sistemas poliméricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-20)
Finocchio, Henrique
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4221003986826298
Polymeric materials, including polymer blends and composites are used in a great variety of engineering applications. Toughness, which is associated to the capacity of the material to absorb energy before its break, is frequently an important characteristic to many high-performance applications becoming essential the use of effective methods to determine the intrinsic toughness of a material in order to increase the possibility of development and applications concerning polymeric materials establishing a relationship between fracture behavior and morphology. The method Essential Work of Fracture (EWF) has been receiving special attention to determine the toughness of high ductility polymers, however, sometimes, a low discerning use of the technique concerning the theory and the correct preparation of specimen of polymeric systems.This way, it was developed a very selective procedure to the preparation specimen which is the main step to obtain precise results. In order to expand EWF technique application and to evaluate the fracture toughness, in this work the fracture behavior of three different polymeric systems was observed. Two of them showed an excellent response to the technique. The nanocomposites of blends HDPE/LLDPE and OMMT and Polypropylene/Glass Fiber composites, both semi-crystalline materials, with ductile behavior. On the other hand, observing the other system, nanostructured blends SAN/PBT, with brittle behavior, the EWF method applied in this work showed to be inappropriate. Therefore, there was an improvement concerning the understanding of limitations and peculiarities of the EWF technique, which is nowadays a very useful tool to characterize the toughness of ductile polymeric materials althought it still has some limitations related to brittle materials.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação toxicológica de filmes comestíveis hidrofóbicos com incorporação de nanopartículas de quitosana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-20)
Scramin, Juliana Aparecida
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Forato, Lucimara Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9221673810542059
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6021865875827160
The sweet sorghum is being evaluated as an alternative for the production ethanol during between harvest the sugar cane crop residue and part of this production consists of grains, rich in storage proteins, known as kafirins. In this work were extracted and characterized the kafirins of sweet sorghum cultivar BR 501 (white) free of tannins, with and without reducing agent, and the same were characterized by gel electrophoresis containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS/PAGE). The secondary structures of kafirins were studied by spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier transform infrared and solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (continue...).
Deleuze e Bergson. Tensão, esforço e fadiga na instauração filosófica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-20)
Silva, Cleber Daniel Lambert da
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0648227163171734
Nous proposons une lecture de certains aspects des deux pensées de Deleuze et de Bergson, ainsi que de leur rapport, à la lumière du problème de l instauration philosophie. Il s agit de dramatiser une dispute entre les deux philosophes qui s exprime à travers une divergence entre deux problèmes. D un côté, le problème principiel par lequel Bergson aurait entreprit la restauration de l ontologie, en substituant au principe figé, éternel et transcendant de la metaphysique grecque, le principe mouvant, temporel et immanent d une métaphysique renouvellée. D un autre côté, le problème pratique par lequel Deleuze rend à la philosophie sa puissance instaurative, en ressonance avec d autres pratiques (art, sciences, droit, etc.). Il en découle deux performances ou deux modes de fonctionnement divers de la machine à penser : la spéculation et l instauration. Si nous comprénons la pensée dans son rapport de tension avec le chaos, sa performance spéculative cherche à s‟en protéger à travers un principe. La performance instaurative exige la plongée de la pensée dans le chaos pour y tracer plan qui se tient dans une station athlétique, irréductible aux opinions, inattribuable à un principe. Ce n est qu à cette condition que la pensée fait oeuvre. Finallement, en impliquant des rapports non seulement avec les champs physique, organique et psycho-sociaux, mas avec la Terre, notre analyse devient géophilosophique et opère un décentrement qui doit la conduire, par delà les deux marges de la philosophie, la Grèce (forme du passé) et l Occident (forme du présent), à une troisième marge : instauration de l Île-Brésil (forme du futur).
Simulador de arquitetura para processamento de imagens usando programação genética cartesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-20)
Paris, Paulo Cesar Donizeti
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Pedrino, Emerson Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6481363465527189
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5649687017474031
The tools offered by the area of Mathematical Morphology are very effective when applied to the analysis of binary images, which it is of great importance in areas such as: robotic vision, visual inspection, among others. Such tools, beside to Evolutionary Computation and based on genotype-phenotypes mappings allow computational tasks be performed automatically without explicit programming, which leads to the motivation, in the search of a way of reducing the degree of difficulty often found by human experts in performing tasks of selecting linear operators to be used in morphological filters. Moreover, if such tasks require fast processing on the images, it is necessary the use of architectures implemented in hardware, which it is not too trivial to be done. In this work, a hardware architecture simulator has been implemented for image processing, based on Cartesian Genetic Programming, which automatically builds filters for processing binary images, i.e., automatically build a sequence of logical and morphological operators that produces filters to obtain an approximate of the desired images. The results obtained from several experiments of transformation of these images are presented and comparatively analyzed in relation to previous results available in the literature. Based on these results, it will be possible to study the behavior of such architecture, through the variation of the parameters of the genetic procedure in the simulator environment. Thus, it will be possible to infer if the architecture is suitable or not for a desired application, so facilitating the process of design and implementation of it in hardware.
Protocolos de segurança do paciente: proposta de um recurso educacional informatizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013-12-20)
Camargo, André Bueno de
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6825559676046599
This study aimed to develop a computerized educational resource on Patient Safety, and propose a Choosing Priorities in Education Service Tool, which give rise to a questionnaire rank the educational actions which should be priority. The creation of this resource was marked in Planning Learning Activities Supported by Computers, which is a methodology for developing educational content supported by computer. Evaluated the technical quality and usability of the resource based on the scale SUS (System Usability Scale), which quickly evaluates the usability of systems. The feature that prioritizes the educational measures was evaluated positively, can turn into a powerful educational tool in nursing education.
The general public's access and use of health information: a case study from Brazil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014)
Silva-Jerez, Nelson Sebastian
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7157978490951972
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
The aim of the research was to map how members of the general public in Brazil find, access, evaluate and use health information found on the internet. Method. A survey of structured questions was made available online using Limesurvey, the same instrument being used as a protocol for face-to-face structured interviews with members of the public randomly selected. Analysis. The collected data underwent statistical analysis, performing simple correlations with variables of age, gender and occupation. Adapting the monitoring tool developed by Niemelä et al., a score for the participants' degree of everyday health information literacy was generated based on the participants' own perceptions of how they carry out certain daily information tasks. Results. Although participants obtain health information from medical and/or scientific sources, overall they lack confidence in their own skills to retrieve information and assess its reliability. Perceived credibility of health information sources on the Internet was higher for scientific articles, although only a quarter of participants in fact use these. Many participants claim to have used, or would use, health information found on the Internet in the decision-making process, including to change doctors. Conclusions. There was an identified latent desire to use more reliable information - understood in this research as being that of scientific, peer-reviewed and open access origin - in everyday health issues. Participants' relatively low estimation of their health information literacy skills could be tackled with public programmes directly aimed at minimising this perceived lacuna.
Caracterização do limiar de dor e presença de pontos gatilho de dor em crianças típicas: comparação com adultos saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-01-10)
Sacramento, Luciane da Silva
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Sendín, Francisco Alburquerque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6367201940182830
Myofascial pain, represented by points miofascias trigger (MTrPs), has a high prevalence in healthy adults. However, in the case of children, it is not known very well for its occurrence, and even if she is related to dominance and the sensitivity of these individuals before external stimuli, as occurs in pain assessed by pressure pain threshold (PPT). The objectives of this study were to identify the possible presence of MTrPs in typical children featuring their PPTs in the scapular region, and to verify the relationship between the two variables (MTrPs and PPTs). These results were obtained from healthy adults were also compared. Were selected 35 adults (14 men and 21 women; 23, 43 ± 3.42 years; 1.70 ± 0.10 m; 62.90 ± 10.98 kg) and 35 children (15 boys and 20 girls; 9.14 ± 1.68 years; 1.38 ± 0.10 m; 32.41 ± 7.02 kg), with no history of shoulder pathology or cervical spine. All participants underwent investigation with respect to the presence of MTrPs the shoulder musculature and evaluation of the PPT in the regions of neck, shoulder and anterior tibial, by the standards validated in the literature.The X² test was used to compare the distribution of each muscle in latent trigger points (latent TrPs) between groups. After the analysis of normality, parametric tests (test - Student's t for paired and unpaired) and nonparametric (U-Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests) were used to compare the amount of PPTs and latent TrPs between groups and sides. Children showed fewer latent TrPs (0.94 ± 1.34) than adults (2.02 ± 2.18). The upper trapezius muscle was more affected by MTrPs reaching 13 adults on the dominant side. The children had lower PPTs compared to healthy adults (P< 0.05). All PPTs correlated with each other in both groups moderately/high. Only adults showed correlations between the amount of latent TrPs and on both sides in total and PPTs. It is concluded that typical children have fewer and smaller latent TrPs and PPTs compared to healthy adults demonstrated to be more sensitive to pain. The pressure sensitive shoulder correlates with the presence of latent TrPs in asymptomatic adults, in other words, children PPTs are associated with increased presence of latent TrPs pattern lacking in children.
Risco operacional: o cálculo do capital regulatório usando dependência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-01-16)
Gonçalves, Débora Delbem
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4283676071804831
In this paper we propose a new method for the calculation of regulatory capital required for operational risk. This method is based on some important assumptions for calculation of this capital, for instance, expert opinion, dependence between loss variables considering the joint probability associated to two loss events. The copula theory is applied to determine this joint probability. Furthermore, we present two more methods, sum method proposed by Basel II Accord (2004) and non-perfect correlation method proposed by Frachot et al. (2004). Finally, we perform a simulation studies in order to compare all the methods presented in this dissertation.
Applications of NMR techniques: Hyphenations (LC-SPENMR), affinity (DOSY) and NOE based (STD and Tr-OESY) to probe the binding interactions of ligands (synthetic and natural) towards protein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-01-17)
Ahmad, Sheraz
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Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7456903557541399
O foco principal desse trabalho foi a implementação, otimização e aplicações práticas de métodos de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) com o propósito de avaliar as interações entre moléculas de diferentes massas molares, sendo que essas técnicas foram implementadas pela primeira vez no laboratório de RMN do DQ-UFSCar. Existem várias abordagens que podem ser utilizadas com esse propósito, e dentre elas, destacamos: STD NMR, Tr-NOESY, WaterLOGSY, SALMON, INPHARMA, DOSY, SAR. Esses métodos são muito úteis para detectar mudanças de comportamento, a nível molecular, quando adicionamos macromoléculas em um meio contendo somente micromoléculas. O entendimento desse comportamento molecular ajuda a desvendar sistemas complexos de interações moleculares existentes no corpo humano, e que, são muito importantes para o descobrimento de novos medicamentos. O primeiro passo para a implementação das técnicas foi a utilização da proteína de soro bovino (do inglês BSA) e proteína de soro humano (do inglês HSA) como fonte de macromoléculas e micromoléculas orgânicas isoladas da fração etanólica do extrato bruto (1 mg) de Rauia resinous e da fração acetato de etila de Strypnodendron polyphyllum, utilizando cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, extração por fase sólida e a ressonância magnética nuclear (CLAE-EFS/RMN) para a completa elucidação estrutural quando necessário. As técnicas utilizadas foram: saturation transfer difference (STD), transfer nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy (Tr-NOESY) e STD-TOCSY (total correlation spectroscopy). Essa mesma metodologia além de representar um importante mecanismo para avaliar as interações entre moléculas, também pode ser utilizada para outras matrizes variando tanto as macro quanto as micromoléculas.
Estudo do comportamento autonômico cardíaco e do acoplamento cardiorrespiratório em pacientes portadores da Síndrome da Apnéia Obstrutiva do Sono: efeitos da obesidade e do envelhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-01-17)
Trimer, Renata
;
Silva, Audrey Borghi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102516235444475
The thesis consisted of three studies described below. The Study I, entitled: Is there a chronic sleep stage-dependent linear and nonlinear cardiac autonomic impairment in obstructive sleep apnea? The aim of this study was to perform HRV analysis in apneafree samples as well as during stage 2 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in mild and moderate OSA (MiOSA andMOSA,respectively) subjects as well as health controls (NonOSA). Methods This study included 20 MiOSA (37±14 years), 20 MOSA (39±8 years), and 18 NonOSA (36±8 years) subjects. Subjects underwent in-laboratory overnight polysomnography with electrocardiography recording. HRV indices were obtained by analyzing the R R intervals (RRi) in 5-min apnea-free samples by the linear frequency domain [low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and LF/HF], Poincaré plot [standard deviation (SD1) and (SD2)], recurrence plot [mean line length (Lmean)], recurrence rate (REC), determinism (DET), and Shannon entropy (ShanEn). The MOSA group presented with higher LF, LF/HF and DET indices compared to NonOSA as well as a lower parasympathetic index (HF), suggesting sympathetic hyperactivity in MOSA subjects. Interestingly, MiOSA subjects failed to show the expected linear HRV difference between sleep stages, as observed in NonOSA, which may represent an early onset of autonomic impairment at this stage of OSA. In OSA patients, there is a chronic sleep stage dependent impairment of linear and nonlinear cardiac autonomic modulation. Interestingly, this impairment may be identifiable during the early stages of the disease. The Study II, entitled: Heart Rate Variability and Cardio-Respiratory Coupling during sleep in Patients prior to Bariatric Surgery The aim of this study was to determine the relationship among severity of obesity, autonomic cardiac regulation, respiratory variations, and cardio-respiratory coupling during different sleep stages (SS), using spectral analysis of HRV and respiration variability (RS) signals in patients pre-operative BS. 29 consecutive pre-operative BS and ten eutrophic subjects (controls) underwent polysomnography. The spectral and cross-spectral parameters of the HRV and RS were computed during different SS. Spectral analysis of the HRV and RV indicated lower respiration regularity during sleep, and a lower HRV in obese patients (OP) during all SS when compared with controls (p<0.05). Severely (SO) and super obese patients (SOP) presented lower values of LF/HF ratio and LF power during REM sleep and higher HF power (p<0.05), while morbidly obese (MO) presented lower LF/HF ratio and LF power in SS-S2 and higher HF power when compared to controls (p<0.05). The cross-spectral parameters showed that SOP presented lower % of tachogram power coherent with respiration in SS-S3 when compared to controls (p<0.05). Patients prior to BS presented altered HRV and RV in all SS. SO, MO and SOP presented altered cardiorespiratory coupling during sleep and these alterations are related with severity of obesity and OSA parameters. Our third study entitled "Contrasts of heart rate variability and cardio respiratory coupling in young and elderly patients with OSA", aimed to contrast the impact of OSAS between young and old in HRV and CRC. It also seeks to establish whether age impacts differently on HRV and CRC during different sleep stages using spectral analysis of HRV and RV in young and elderly patients with and without OSA. The spectral analysis of HRV showed that the presence of OSA negatively impacted on HRV youth, with higher values of LF/HF (p <0.05) during wakefulness and different sleep stages with lower values of LF/HF during S2 and REM sleep (p <0.05). We also observed that age negatively affected HRV during wakefulness and sleep in elderly with higher LF/HF during waking. Young and old with OSA had significantly lower % of tachogram power coherent with respiration only during wakefulness (p <0.05). The presence of OSA has a negative impact on HRV in young and elderly, with reduced autonomic modulation during waking and REM sleep. Age has a negative impact on HRV during wakefulness and sleep in the elderly. The presence of OSA and age affect negatively the ACR during wakefulness.
Termodinâmica de modelos integráveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-01-20)
Tavares, Thiago Silva
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Ribeiro, Giuliano Augustus Pavan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7955854896355856
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0662651860802736
In this work we study the thermodynamics of integrable spin chains, like the Heisenberg model and it's spin-s generalization with competing interactions. We have used the quantum transfer matrix approach and obtained a finite set of non-linear integral equations in each case. From the numerical solution of these equations we plotted phase diagrams by varying the parameters h (external magnetic field) and ωj, which couples the different competitive interactions.