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Influência do sistema histaminérgico cerebelar na consolidação da memória emocional de camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-10) Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur; Mattioli, Rosana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690
This study investigated the function of cerebellar histaminergic system on emotional memory consolidation. The cerebellar vermis of male mice were implanted with guide cannulae, and after three days of recovery, the animals were submitted to the elevated plus maze (EPM) or the inhibitory avoidance test (IA) on two consecutive days. Immediately after the first day, animals received a microinjection of histaminergic drugs into the cerebellar vermis: experiment 1, animals received microinjections of saline (SAL) or histamine (HA) (0.54, 1.36, 2.72, and 4.07 nmol/0.1 microliter); experiment 2, animals received a microinjection of SAL or the H1 antagonist chlorpheniramine (CPA, 0.016, 0.052 or 0.16 nmol/0.1 μl); experiment 3, SAL or the H2 antagonist ranitidine (RA, 0.57, 2.85 or 5.7 nmol/0.1 μl); experiment 4, SAL or HA 5 minutes after a pretreatment with 0.16 nmol CPA or SAL; and experiment 5, SAL or HA 5 minutes after a pretreatment with 2.85 nmol ranitidine (RA) or SAL. In the EPM, the decrease of open arm exploration (% entries and % time spent in the open arms) in Trial 2 relative to Trial 1 was used as a measure of learning and memory; while in the IA, latency to cross to the dark compartment was used to evaluate memory retention. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan‟s test. The results of experiment 1 showed that animals microinjected SAL and 0.54 and 1.36 nmol HA reduced percentage of open arm entries and time, while mice microinjected with HA 2.72 and 4.07 nmol did not decrease open arm exploration on trial 2; which indicates that histamine induced a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on memory consolidation. In the IA task, results showed that 1.36 nmol histamine facilitated memory consolidation, suggesting a different action of HA in a memory model that uses punishment. In the experiment 2, microinjections with CPA did not present behavioral effects in the EPM or in the IA at the doses used (0.016, 0.052 and 0.16 nmol). The results of experiment 3 showed that 5.7 nmol RA impaired memory consolidation on both protocols. The experiment 4 demonstrated that animals treated with HA did not reduce the avoidance to the open arms on retesting, and indicated that CPA did not altered behavioral parameters by itself, but the pretreatment with CPA reverted histamine-induced impairment on memory consolidation, which suggests that histamine effect on the EPM was mediated by H1 receptors. In the IA test, the results showed that the groups that received CPA+HA and SAL+HA showed a significant difference in latency on the second day of testing in relation to group SAL+SAL , while the group treated with CPA + SAL showed no difference with the control group. These results show that microinjection of histamine in the cerebellar vermis increased latency time and that pretreatment with CPA did not reverse this effect. For the fifth experiment, the results showed that animals microinjected with SAL+SAL and RA+SAL reduced the percentage of entries and time spent in open arms in the EPM while the groups treated with RA+HA and SAL+HA showed no difference between test days. These results show that RA did not alter memory consolidation and was unable to reverse the effect of histamine. In the IA, there was significant difference between SAL+SAL and SAL+HA groups, showing the facilitatory effect of histamine on memory consolidation of IA. The groups that received combined injection of RA+SAL and RA+HA showed no significant difference compared to control, which shows that the RA had no effect by itself, but when applied before histamine was able to reverse its effect. Our results suggest different histamine effects in tasks involving anxiety or fear.
Economia solidária e dinâmica familiar de catadores de materiais recicláveis: um estudo no campo ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-10) Secco, Letícia Dal Picolo Dal; Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7937554854987351
Solidary economy in Brazil appeared in the 1980s, when inflation rates and unemployment were high. It encouraged the organization of workers in cooperatives to recover the companies they worked for and that had failed, and thus keep theirjobs. The recyclable waste pickers emerged in Brazil because of the social exclusion that part of the population was exposed, around the 1950s, and began to organize themselves into cooperatives by the need of continue working after the banning of picking at landfills and dumpsites. This organization came in partnership with government, religious institutions, NGOs and universities, among other supporters. Actually, it s observed that cooperatives of recyclable waste pickers are not only composed of ex-pickers of the landfills and dumpsites, but also of other workers that are facing unemployment in current times. For the organization of economic-solidary cooperatives, it is necessary for the pickers to acquire knowledge about the nature of the project and about the progress of work. They also need the promotion of the socio-technical adaptations (STA) for the development of social technologies (TS) that that allow their development and sustainability. This process, which influences the organizational form of the enterprise, depending on how it occurs, it will need the partnership between the various agents involved in the movement of solidary economy. The consideration of various knowledges in search of a suitable scientific and technological production that benefits the people, is in keeping of the principles of the field science, technology and society (STS). Whereas that the economic and social inclusion and the labor have influence in the life of the individual and that the solidary economy with their values - solidary, individual freedom, income distribution equally, associative or cooperative organization of work and self-management-, proposes a new form of organization the work, as well as providing the economic and social inclusion, the objective of this work it to investigate the influences of labor economic-solidary relations in the family dynamics of the recyclable waste pickers. The method used is the oral history, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect stories about the lives of family groups of the pickers, who are members of a joint economic-solidary cooperative (COOPERVIDA) located in the city of São Carlos-SP. The interviews were transcribed and after they were validated by the interviewed people, by the transcriation process. After this validation, the transcribed data were analyzed using the technique of content analysis. Before the interviews, it was done a field work in the cooperative, with the use of the participant observation technique which was conducted in search of understanding how internal working relationships occur and how the solidary economy and cooperative working relationships traverses the environment. Among the results, we can cite the lack of AST that contribute to the organization of work processes in the cooperative; the economic and solidary principles permeate the relationships in the cooperative, but not entirely; that there is a demand for training of new cooperative to acquire knowledge about the work; families presented influences of the relations of economic-solidary work in their family dynamics, organizing their routine in a egalitarian and solidary way; and that even without being able to define what is solidary economy, the collectors and families develop behavior permeated by its principles. It s indicated the need to develop state policy, including family in programs and actions performed.
Estudo do comportamento estrutural de prédios de concreto armado contraventados por núcleo rígido tendo em vista o esforço de torção originado pela ação do vento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-10) Küster, Viviane Kelle Jacundino Porto; Carvalho, Roberto Chust; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6473231790930800
A widely used solution in multiple pavement's edifications to absorb lateral action of the wind and promote structure stability, is to create an element of large rigidity, usually at stairs and elevators areas, denominated central core or bracing core. This structural element is formed by the junction of pillars walls and normally has a C format, what implies having the shear center is not coincidente with the gravity center of the section. It is assumed that always when the resulting of the action does not cross the section s shear center, will occur a tortion of the central core and the building. In order to verify this hipothesis inicially four models were proposed. The first with the shear center coinciding to the ground plan center. The second with the nucleus positioned in a region generally sugested in architectural projects, in other words, aligned to the central porticos, in this case with the CG very close to the center of the ground plan. The third example consists in turning the nucleus totally eccentric. At the fourth example the eccentric nucleus has its rigidity increased. Four aspects are analysed: 1) The structure must be capable of resisting the efforts introduced by the action of the wind; 2) The structure must be rigid enough to satisfy the limits of deformation for the actions in Estado Limite de Serviço; 3) The reinforcement ratio must not exceed to the limits specified in standard; 4) The verifications concerning global stability must be attended. The study shows that the position of the nucleus at the ground plan and slenderness directly influences in the occurence or not of tortion of the building as a whole. Although the wind falls on the nucleus core shear center, being asymmetrical the rigidity of the building in plan, a tortion will occur. May also be concluded that the core bracing does not support the effort proveniente of wind action by itself, before, the other pillars also contribute.
Interações profissionais de saúde e mães de prematuros: impacto na maternagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-10) Custodio, Natalia; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034543884223449
The present study aimed to understand the interactions between the mother and health professionals from the time of the birth of her preterm child until the first month after hospital discharge (interfere / affect) and their influence on the development of maternal care, the other aim was to identify the social network of these women that was significantly important in this process with attention to the position of health professionals. This was a qualitative study, which adopted the theoretical reference of Symbolic Interactionism and the methodological reference of Interpretive Interactionism. For data collection, an ecomap was constructed and a semistructured interview was conducted. Eight mothers who experienced the hospitalization of a child in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and were in the period of up to one month post-hospital discharge participated in the study. Data analysis enabled the extraction of the social support network for these women, when two situations were identified: participation and nonparticipation of the father. Further, it is in REVIEWING THE DEPENDENCE OF THE PROFESSIONAL AND HIS COMPETENCE FOR CARE that the woman manages to evolve care together with her child in an autonomous manner. The unveiled categories were: believing and obedient relationship; insecure and questioning relationship; and, reflective and emancipatory relationship. The results show that the interaction between mothers and professionals is grounded in power and this factor affects the mother's trajectory while assuming the maternal role. Thus, it is essential to provide welcoming and support in a humane manner, considering the precepts of family-centered care. We hope that this study contributes to health professionals from Neonatal Intensive Care Units with regard to the review of care provided to mothers/family.
Relações entre habilidades musicais e habilidades sociais em pessoas com Síndrome de Williams: perspectivas e limitações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-10) Asnis, Valéria Peres; Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9926181735765678
Music education is seen as a well organized pedagogical procedure of literacy and awareness, giving to individuals with special needs or not the possibility to deal with their difficulties and limitations and discover their limits and skills. Despite of the growth of the researches in the music education field investigating people with special needs, the researches that focus on Williams syndrome is reduced, and most of this researches are found in international works. In Brazil, only one research was found that associates the improve to hold attention in a child with Williams Syndrome (WS) and the musicalization process. Thus, the theme of this research is to analyze the impact of music education on social skills development in individuals with WS. The general goal of this study is to verify the results of a Music Education Program for teenagers with WS. As specific goals, this work aims to: 1) elaborate, apply and evaluate a music education program for individuals with WS, related to promote social skills; 2) note and analyze if it could identify indications of better social insertion that could be assign to music education dynamics that involves auditory and rhythm perception, pulsation, visual and auditory memory, among others, as part of the musical learning process. This is a field research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Two teenagers with WS participate in this research. The data collection instruments used were: 1) Social Skills Form, Problematic behavior and academic competence (SSRS-BR) for parents and WS people, performed at three time points (pre-, mid- and post-intervention); 2) Musical skills evaluation for teenagers with WS performed before and after the intervention; 3) Field diary, that includes records made by the researcher at the end of each intervention. The program lasted for 13 weeks for one teenager and 9 weeks for the other, with a weekly class of approximately 30 minutes each. The Music Education Program was developed in the fields that the researcher considered relevant to music learning. Data analysis was done by comparing the answers given by Social Skills Form, Problematic Behavior and Academic Competence (SSRS-BR), the Music Evaluations, the review of the filming made during interventions and field diary notes.