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O papel dos parques tecnológicos no estímulo e criação de spin-offs acadêmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Collarino, Roberto Leonardo Xavier; Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5642792186165097
One witness a world in which a company, to survive in a increasingly competitive market, needs to lauch new products in a dwindling time. To reach this, the company needs to acquire technologies, knowledge, skills and abilities through the innovation in both products and processes. In this context, there are the technology parks, that are physical spaces where it happens technology, innovation and information sharing. A technology park works as a mechanism for business: there are technology-based companies, business incubators, universities, research institutions, higher education institutions and research laboratories. Thus, it creats a propitios environment so that there are relationships between companies and universities, or, in other words, academic knowledge becomes a part of the daily business and it develops itself in innovation that can be marketed. So that the park can achieve it goals and develop and disseminate technological processes it needs to establish strong links with government institutions, compnies that complies with its objective and universities that are able to provide academic knowledge. This study aims to determine whether the presence of a technology park encourages the creation and development of academic spin-offs in São Carlos city (SP). It was a multi case study in São Carlos Science Park and Parque Eco Tecnológico Damha-São Carlos. As the mainly results, it was possible to note that having two technology parks in the city was not enough to stimulate the creation of academic spin-offs, but it is enough to maintain and develop the spin-offs that already been created. Besides, it was possible to note that the entrepreneurs miss the incentive from the university to create academic spin-offs and to create links with incubators and technology parks.
Programação da produção em máquina única com setup dependente da sequência e terceirização permitida: uma abordagem de otimização por colônia de formigas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Frascati, Giuliano; Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2583033883535828
Many scheduling problems found in the literature are classified as NP-Hard, which means that the computational costs of the solutions within known exact mathematical methods can be very time consuming. In the case of partial outsourcing it is essential to consider the outsourcing decisions inside the scheduling problem to achieve optimal results from outsourcing. This project discusses the following issue: a single machine environment where the setup times are sequence-dependent and there is an outsourcing option. The goal is to determinate the set of jobs that will be outsourced and the production sequence of the jobs that will be performed inhouse, aiming to eliminate the total tardiness of all jobs, witch is a NP-Had problem. New approaches regarding meta-heuristics, like ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) show a new horizon for this kind of issues. The hybrid algorithm, including ACO and local search methods, reached the optimal values in 94,7% of the problems.
(Re)pensar as imagens nas práticas escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Ferrarini, Maria Cristina Luiz; Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3607925968259117
The main aim of this dissertation was to understand the perceptions of the educators involved in an investigation about the possibilities and importance of the use of visual culture images in the educational process within basic school spaces. The nature of the research was qualitative and exploratory. The empirical part was started by an extension course, a partnership between the Federal University of São Carlos and the local state school educational bureau, named: Image reading for medium and high school. Teachers lecturing at the four main areas of the national curriculum participated in the course. There were also school principals and pedagogical coordinators. From this group of educators, seven were selected to participate more directly of the investigation. The data collected were analyzed by the content analyses methodology, in which some aspects stood out, the ones we considered the obtained results: the cognitive development of the students and the application of specific school content has been one of the main image work objectives in the participants classrooms; such utilization occurs as a critical pedagogy strategy, directed mainly to perceptions of media influence; the school books available images have not been explored in all their possibilities, as knowledge facilitators and articulators towards critical attitudes; there is a content theorization need in critical perspectives, besides the thought diversity, fostered by collective appreciations of several images and artifact belonging to the visual culture, allowing the comprehension of plural thought importance and the difference concept, which may produce new basis to build a more democratic and inclusive basic school.
Complexidade da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca na síndrome da fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Bonjorni, Lélia Arantes; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6605709806723083
Background: Frailty is a critical state of physiological complexity loss. Evaluation measures of complexity could contribute for a better comprehension regarding the frailty process. Objective: to evaluate complexity of HRV, at rest and after postural change, on frailty syndrome. Design: cross-sectional. Setting: community. Subjects: 100 individuals over 60 years old, distributed in groups according to the frailty phenotype: frail (n=8), pre-frail (n=46) and non-frail (n=46). Methods: The electrocardiogram was made in supine and orthostatic postures, for 10 minutes in each position. Sequences of 256 RR intervals were analyzed through linear (spectral analysis low frequency in normalized units (LFnu) and high frequency in absolute units (HFabs)) and non-linear methods (symbolic analysis 0V% and 2UV%, Shannon entropy (SE), conditional entropy (normalized complexity index NCI)). Results: The NCI did not show difference among the evaluated groups in rest supine, however NCI presented reduced values in all 3 groups after orthostatic challenge. Except AFabs, other indices did not differ between groups at rest supine. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that there is no decrease of complexity on frailty syndrome, possibly because it already presents decreased values with the senescence. The postural change was unable to detect any impairment in HRV complexity associated with the frailty process.
Materiais híbridos obtidos pela adsorção de nanopartículas metálicas sobre fungos micelares pelo efeito biotemplate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Gorup, Luiz Fernando; Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6980022218379418
The use of bio-design concepts is a promising strategy for obtaining materials with properties of great scientific and technological interest. There are numerous examples of materials obtained by employing concepts of biomimetic, bio- inspired engineering and from biotemplates, which has gained prominence in the chemistry of materials, especially when structured with DNA, bacteria or fungi systems are employed. A variety of biological structures available enables innovative alternatives to overcome the limitations of conventional synthetic methods. In this context, the merging of biotechnology to materials chemistry has benefited several areas of strategic technologies such as in catalysis, health and sensor development. Thus, the design concept proposed use biotemplate effect and establish a protocol for manufacturing nanostructured structures by self- assembly of metal nanoparticles. In this work, three kinds of fungi and three types of culture medium were used. Were analyzed the parameters type of fulgal, growth media and radiation inactivation. Were also analyzed to control the diameter, wall thickness, heat treating, electrical measurement and application in SERS microtubes of gold in order to identify single molecules benzothiol. Spheroidal nanoparticles of silver and gold were obtained and stable synthesized via colloidal method of Turkevich with controlled size and shape. Using nanoparticles obtained nanostructured three-dimensional structures were built in the form of tubes using brasilianum Penicillium, Aspergillus aculeatus and Xylaria sp as biotemplate. The microtubes obtained are the result of the adsorption of metal nanoparticles of gold and silver multilayered tube diameter ranging from 2 to 3 microns with a wall thickness controlled by the time of exposure to the fungus colloid. Metal -free organic material microwires were obtained by heat treatment at 400 ° C for two hours, the resulting materials maintained the original form of micro-wires, though showed dense surface due to coalescence of the nanoparticles. The results strengthen the hypothesis proposed in our group that the biomolecules produced by fungi are responsible for the promoting effect of nanoparticle self - assembly in the formation of successive layer on the surface of the fungus.
Uso dos recursos tecnológicos nas práticas dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-02-18) Cruz, Tatiane Severgnini da; Monteiro, Maria Iolanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2164721782097194
The integration of technological resources in teaching and learning process assigns to education a need for new thinking and sets new challenges to the routine of the classroom, leaving the teacher to review practices and concepts confront this issue. Given this situation, we conducted a qualitative research, as Lüdke and Andrew (1986) through a case study in a public school in the city of São Carlos - SP, with two active teachers in elementary education from the early years, with in order to answer the following question: What ideas have influenced the organization of pedagogical practices with technological resources of teachers in the early years of elementary school? Data were grouped into two angles: 1) the design of technological resources for teachers; and 2) Characterization of teaching practices with the use of technological resources. Our analyzes received theoretical background , mainly from Maurice Tardif , Maria Luiza Belloni , Vani Kenski Moreira , Vieira Pinto , Lion , Bernadette Gatti , Marcelo Garcia. Generally the teachers investigated using resources such as radio and television, which are dominated by them. Resources such as computers and data projectors are used by teachers with more fear; since these are equipments that they do not dominate. These and other aspects lead us to realize the importance of training teachers to use technological resources in a way that leverages the educational process, promoting student learning. Yet conducted a bibliographic study on digital database of thesis and dissertations to articulate the data found by analyzing the concepts and practices of the two teachers.