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Estratégia competitiva e estratégia de produção: estudos de caso na produção de embalagens obtidas a partir de polietileno proveniente de fontes sucroalcooleiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Motta, Gabriela Azevedo
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7250712374641353
In the search for new positions in the market, many companies have sought to differentiate their products and services, possibly reformulating their strategies. One of the possible strategies for modification is related to sustainability of the materials used in products and processes, such as plastic from sugarcane sources. The objective of this work is tried to identify the competitive strategies and manufacturing strategies adopted by companies that use plastic from sugarcane in package. To achieve this objective was opted for conducting case studies of two companies leader in their segments: a producer for the staffing industry, perfumery and cosmetics and other packaging supplier to the food industry. The first company competes with a focus on differentiation in only one segment, and its manufacturing strategy of horizontal integration of its packaging. The second company adopts a competitive strategy of differentiation in the context of the industry, and a manufacturing strategy of vertical integration of its products.
Aprender a aprender: uma trajetória possível para os trabalhadores do SUS?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Costa, Ana Clara Lopes
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Lima, Valéria Vernaschi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945420582384290
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2140918293527948
The main goal in this study is to analyze the learning process of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) staff when exposed to an interactionist educational initiative. Such initiative aims the transformation of health practices by focusing on clinical management and qualifying care for the users of SUS in 33 hospitals from the 5 Brazilian geographical regions. This study used a specialization course that was developed in 2009-10 that focused on the articulated development of management abilities, support and education in health. The study was based on the principles of qualitative research and the completion of course work drawn by the attendees of the specialization course on Clinical Management was also used as a source of data. The content was analyzed for data interpretation aiming to identify and explain the causes and interactions for the production of the phenomenon. The novelty of the proposal was not an obstacle for the learning process. Student focused learning and the appreciation of previous knowledge where related to the practical application of such content and the broaden of autonomy, especially on what concerns recently acquired information. It was also observed that the participants actions were related to the three areas: clinical management; health awareness and education. The interaction in small groups, communication, integration and open dialogue were valued as fundamental e facilitating elements of learning, group work development and qualification of care. Transformation on practices on health related to management, attention and education were observed and were part of the knowledge that define the profile of clinical management built and developed through the course.
Efeitos do exercício intervalado na expressão de proteínas inflamatórias e catabólicas na musculatura esquelética de ratos tratados com dexametasona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Martuscelli, Aline Mio
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3580215119041185
Dexamethasone is widely used in clinical use due to its potent anti-allergic and antiinflammatory effects, but it has been shown that its chronic use can induce several side effects such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and muscle atrophy. Muscle atrophy occurs by an imbalance between catabolic and anabolic protein levels. Among catabolic proteins, FOXO3a, MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1 are directly related to muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone. Furthermore, it is known that some inflammatory proteins (TNF-α and IL-6) also participate in reduction of muscle weight. We have shown that aerobic exercise attenuates some of the side effects of dexamethasone, but nothing is known about interval training (IT) performed before and concomitant dexamethasone treatment. This study investigated if interval training is effective in attenuating muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone and if the proteins FOXO3a, MuRF-1, Atrogina-1, TNF-αand IL-6 are involved in this response. Rats were distributed into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary + Dexa (SD), trained control (TC), and trained + Dexa (TD), and underwent an interval training period (50% and 80% of maximal capacity, 2 and 1 min, respectively, 1h/day, 5 days / week, 70 days) or remained sedentary. Dexamethasone was administered during the last 10 days (0.5mg/kg per day i.p.). The rats were weighed weekly during training and daily during the treatment. The tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL) and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) were collected, weighed and stored for analysis of TNF-α, IL-6, FOXO3a, MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1protein levels using electrophoresis method, Western Blotting. Administration of dexamethasone resulted in a significant decrease in body weight (-17%) followed by reduction in TA (-22%) and FHL (-19%) muscles weight. This reduction in muscle weight involved a significant increase in MuRF-1 protein levels in TA (+27%) and FHL (+18%) muscles, although TNF-α (-37%FHL and -15% SOL) and IL-6 (-26% TA, - 24% FHL and -18% SOL) protein levels were reduced. Interval training was effective in blocking the increase of MuRF-1protein level in TA and FHL muscles, moreover interval training significantly reduced FOXO3a production level in TA muscle, in both groups, TC (-27%) and TD (-32%).This response was followed by an attenuation of TA muscle mass after training. Chronic treatment with dexamethasone, as well as training, did not change Atrogin-1protein level. The results of the present study allow us to conclude that MuRF-1 seems to be involved in TA and FHL muscle atrophy induced by dexamethasone treatment, independent of inflammatory proteins signaling. On the other side, interval training determined TA muscle atrophy attenuation by decreasing MuRF-1 and FOXO3a without changes in TNF-α e IL-6 protein levels.
Biotransformação de cicloadutos de Diels-Alder por células intactas de Penicillium brasilianum, endofítico de Melia azedarach
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Santos, Ana Carolina Alves dos
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6169045230374129
Endophytic microorganisms have a great enzymatic potential to biotransformate substances of natural and synthetic origin due to strategies developed during colonization to coexist with the plant in an initial hostile environment. Microbial transformation of Diels-Alder cycloadducts were trailed by the endophyte P. brasilianum using intact cells and resulted in the production of several products (17). These products were identified as products of chlorination (Q4_F2_15), epoxidation (Q1A_CR_16, Q2A_CR_6, Q3A_CR_5), epoxidation and reduction of conjugated double bond (Q2A_CR_5), reduction of conjugated double bond (Q2A_CR_9, Q3A_CR_7_pico2, Q3A_CR_8, Q4A_CR_23), reduction of isolated double bond (Q1A_CR_26), oxidation of allilic methyl group and reduction of conjugated double bond (Q4A_CR_10), reduction of carbonyl and conjugated double bond (Q4A_CR_20), reduction of carbonyl and ether formation (Q5A_CR_15) and finally, reduction of carbonyl group (Q4A_CR_15 e Q5A_CR_18). The reduction of conjugated double bond can be performed by enzymes called Old Yellow Enzymes (OYE), also known as enoate reductase enzymes. The products of carbonilic or double bond reduction were also synthesized chemically and the enantioselectivity of both in vitro and in vivo process were compared. In all cases, microbiological transformations were more enantioselectivity.
O uso de instrumentos de análise ergonômica no processo de trabalho agrícola: o caso da colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Ferreira, Ana Lucy Rodrigues
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Alves, Francisco José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1604837309190395
The changing in the labor dynamics of the sugarcane harvesting, occasioned by integration of mechanical harvesters, has subjected workers to new working conditions, increasing the interactions with machines, and consequently causing new diseases and work accidents. For improving the performance of work so that this becomes less destructive of human capabilities, is important the use of instruments that allow the identification of risks from man-labor ratio, which are identified through the study of literature in Ergonomics. This study aimed to verify the applicability of the checkpoints of the instrument Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture to the work situation in the context of mechanized harvesting of cane sugar. A review of the relevant issues related to the study was accomplished, considering the themes: Ergonomics, ergonomic analysis tools and working conditions; process of mechanized production of cane sugar, with a focus on the process of harvesting and working conditions; and, finally, the study of the instrument Ergonomic Checkpoints in Agriculture. Subsequently, the analysis of the instrument was accomplished, which was constituted of the following principal stages. Initially, the checkpoints of the instrument were classified considering the workloads, and the similarity of content. Posteriorly, the checkpoints were analysed with respect the applicability in the job functions found in mechanical harvesting of cane sugar process. As a result, 84 checkpoints were classified into 23 clusters and 16 checkpoints were not grouped, among which 11 clusters and 8 checkpoints, which represent 53% of the content of the instrument, were identified with potential of application in the sugarcane mechanical harvesting. The checkpoints identified may assist in the evaluation and implementation of better working conditions, considering the ergonomic point of view, in the mechanical harvesting of sugarcane.
Os ensinamentos de Confúcio e a formação contemporânea de professores de língua inglesa em Taiwan : relações entre variáveis socioculturais e competências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Tsai, Yun Hsien
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Viana, Nelson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5857492244010306
This work aims to study the profile of English teacher education in Taiwan through a more specific discussion of language teacher’s competence. For this, we chose to analyze an English undergraduate teacher education program at a public university in this country, and, considering time constraints, we limit the study, focusing on the perspective of the teacher educators. Therefore, the program curriculum and the transcriptions of interview with the teachers educators will comprise the data set for analysis. Once teacher education process is based on the social system of the country, we also include the contextual factors or socio-historical elements in the study, by considering them as constituents of social constructions factors.
Identificação de regiões genômicas e genes candidatos associados com qualidade de carne e conteúdo de minerais no músculo em bovinos da raça Nelore
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Tizioto, Polyana Cristine
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Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754030540306395
This thesis is divided into three chapters in order to facilitate the understanding of the experiments that will be presented. The first chapter refers to a concise literature review, which covers the main theoretical themes and justifications regarding the developed experiments presented in the following chapters. The second chapter presents two genome-wide association studies in Nellore cattle, being the first for meat quality traits and the second for the mineral content of the Longissimus dorsi muscle. Considering the importance of beef tenderness for producer, the third chapter deals with the strategy used to identify candidate genes that explain the variation in this trait in Nellore breed. The experimental results suggested that meat quality traits and mineral content of skeletal muscle is at least partially genetically determined. Most quantitative trait loci (QTLs) identified is of small effects, revealing the polygenic background of those traits and the importance of applications that consider variation at the genomic level. However, some major effect QTLs were found for muscle pH , iron, selenium , zinc and calcium content in muscle, which accounted for 4.01 , 6.53 , 3.53 , 2.59 and 2.55% of the additive genetic variance , respectively. Through these studies, we produced an extensive list of candidates genes and metabolic pathways related to economic interest traits in beef cattle, which should contribute to the understanding of the their underlying genetic mechanisms. A genome-wide association approach still not economically feasible for beef producers, therefore candidate genes strategy is interesting because of its major accessibility. KCNJ11, MyoD1 and ASAP1 candidate genes were identified as explaining part of the variation in meat tenderness of Nellore breed. The validation of genomic regions and candidate genes identified in this study and future mapping of causal mutations should contribute to the implementation of marker-assisted selection and for the genomic selection of traits of economic interest in Nellore cattle.
Complexos de vanádio contendo bases de Schiff como catalisadores na oxidação do cicloexano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-27)
Cantanhede, Leonardo Baltazar
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0740032606397506
The vanadium complexes of the type [VO(acac)2], [VO(acac)(apftsc)], [VO(acac)(apmtsc)], [VO(acac)(aptsc)], [VO(acac)(apf)], vanadium (IV) and [VO2(apftsc)], [VO2(apmtsc)], [VO2(aptsc)] e [VO2(apf)], vanadium (V), were used as catalysts for cyclohexane oxidation using 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidizing agent in acetonitrile at 40ºC. The cyclohexanol (OL) and cyclohexanone (ONA) were quantified by means of gas chromatography by the internal padronization method. Variation in the molar ratio of oxidizing, substrate and nitric acid with catalyst, as well as the effect of the addition of triphenylphosphine in catalytic properties were studied for all complexes. For the complex [VO(acac)(apftsc)], yielded the kinetic parameters with rate constant (k = 3,87 x 10-1 L.mol-1.min-1), reaction order relative to catalysts (nCat = 0,8) and to substrate (nS = 0,6); the thermodynamic parameters of activation Eap = 11 kcal.mol-1, ΔG# = + 0.6 kcal.mol-1, ΔH# = + 10.2 kcal.mol-1, ΔS# = + 30.8 cal.mol-1.K-1. The EPR spectrum data using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline Noxide (DMPO) as spin trap confirm that the mechanism the formation of radicals. The radicals ( acac) and hydroxyl ( OH) from the acetylacetonate e and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, was identified by forming the respective adduct, DMPO-Acac and DMPO-OH. From the mass spectrometry data it was possible to suggest a synthetic route for the formation of the oxo(peroxo)vanadate complex, an important intermediate in the catalytic cycle. It has been proposed also a mechanism for cyclohexane oxidation.
Síntese e estudo das propriedades físicas de grafite ferromagnético fluido nanoestruturado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Souza, Nicolau Silva de
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6301084663879270
Complexos de rutênio bioativos: síntese, caracterização e ensaios biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Cardoso, Carolina Riverin
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Carlos, Rose Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4278751614890163
Ru(II) polypyridyl anticancer compounds is drawing increasing attention to drug development. The luminescence of this type of complex open wide possibilities of using molecular systems in biological applications. Herein we investigated, the synthesis, characterization and biologic studies of the complex cis-[Ru(LL) 2L2]2+ where, L-L = 2,2-bipyridine (bpy) and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and L = imidazole (ImH) and 1-methyl-imidazole (1MeIm). The complexes which can be easily prepared are stable in solid state and in water solution (without light) and resistant to hydrolysis at pH range from 2 to 10. The complexes display strong absorption in the visible region (490 nm, ε = 15000 mol-1Lcm-1) and an intense and long lived emission at 660 nm with a large Stokes shift (5500 cm-1). Spectroscopic (CD, STD-NMR and DOSY-NMR) and ITC studies indicate binding of cis-[Ru(phen)2(ImH)2]2+ and HSA occurs via non-covalent interactions. Accordingly, the complexes showed marked cell proliferation inhibition against the cancer cells HCT116p53+/+, HCT116p53-/- and A2780 with IC50 values below 10 μmol L-1. The Complex induces G1 cell arrest in both cells although it is more expressive in P53+/+ and activates the proapoptotic protein PARP in only p53-/- suggesting diferent pathway with p53- dependent and p53-independent modes of action. The complexes presents unique features for potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of cancer.
Catalisadores de Fe2O3, NiO e Fe2O3 - NiO Suportados in situ em Ce0,5Zr0,5O2 e Ce0,2Zr0,8O2 – Avaliação na Redução de NO com CO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Souza, Bruna Gonçalves de
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3039069125760711
The increasing use of fossil fuels in combustion enginees and power generation plants has caused a large increase in the emission of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere which creates serious environmental problems. Catalytic processes are used in the abatement of NOx and a promising alternative is the reduction of NOx using CO as reducing agent on catalysts containing supported transition metal oxides. Taking this into account, the aim of this study was to prepare catalysts based on Fe2O3, NiO or Fe2O3-NiO supported on ceria-zirconia (molar ratios Ce:Zr equal to 1:1 and 1:4), incorporating the metal precursor salt in the sun of the support (in situ addition). The results of XRD data, Rietveld refinement and TEM indicated the formation of a solid solution CeO2-ZrO2 with cubic structure fluorite type; furthermore, it was not observed diffraction peaks of intense X-ray of Fe or Ni oxide as a consequence of a proper distribution of these oxides in the supports. The addition of Fe2O3 and/or NiO led to a decrease of the average crystallite size, causing an increase in SBET of the catalysts compared to the pure support. N2 physisorption measurements showed that the catalysts showed significant mesoporosity, which was attributed to the addition of Tween 80 during the sol-gel preparation, moreover, RTPH2 results confirm that the Fe2O3 reduction occurs at lower temperatures in the presence NiO. In addition, the catalysts showed satisfactory performance in the reduction of NO to N2 with CO, suggesting that the sol-gel method is adequate in their preparation. Furthermore, the catalyst 0,90Fe - 1Ce:1Zr reached the highest values of CO conversion to CO2 and NO to N2 at lower temperatures. The Fe2O3 catalysts were more selective to N2 formation compared to those containing NiO. In conclusion, the conversion NO to N2 was significantly affected when in contact with O2 and H2O interferences; however, this conversion did not change significantly in the presence of SO2. The catalysts showed a more significant reduction in conversion of NO to N2 when evaluated in the simultaneous presence of O2, SO2 and H2O.
Determinação da força de adesão entre partícula e superfícies rugosas através da técnica centrífuga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Petean, Paula Garcia da Costa
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6642626992981985
Adhesion between powders and surfaces plays an important role in various technological areas and processes, such as paste drying operations, fluidization of fine particles, microencapsulation, xerography and in food and pharmaceutical processes. Adhesion of small particles to solid surfaces is a phenomenon closely associated with industrial hygiene and air pollution studies. The centrifuge technique to determine adhesion force is based on the detachment of particles from a substrate surface due to centrifugal force. In this technique, a substrate with particles deposited on its surface is rotated at successively increasing speeds, and after each rotation at a given speed, the number of particles remaining on the surface is determined. This technique uses imaging analysis to determine the number of adhered particles on the proof disk surface before and after each centrifugation. After applying a specific press-on, images of the substrates containing particles from the pulverized materials were taken by optical microscope Olympus BX60 (Olympus Co. Tokyo Japan and processed by an image analyzer (Image-Pro Plus 7.0).The results were treated statistically to obtain the mean particle adhesive force. The powder used was a polydisperse sample of microcrystalline cellulose (ρ=1.62 kg m−3). The materials used as substrates were a membrane of cellulose ester 0.2 μm of porosity, brand Shleicher & Shuell - Filtration Life Science, and a compressed particulate (tablets) made of microcrystalline cellulose (Sigma-Aldrich). A microcentrifuge that reached a maximum rotation speed of 14000 rpm which contained specially designed centrifuge tubes was used in the adhesion force measurements. Compression speeds (presson) were applied to each of the experimental runs at 1000, 2000 and 5000 rpm. To detach the particles from the substrate surface, eight cleaning speeds (spin-off) were used. Detachment was done at the centrifugal speeds of: 1000, 3000, 5000, 7000, 9000, 11000, 13000, and 14000 rpm for 1 min. Five particle diameter sizes were studied: 9 15, 15.1 22, 22.1 30, 30.1 42, and 42.1 60 μm. It was observed that the adhesion force increases linearly with the particle diameter, within the range studied and that increased compression speed has an influence on the process of particles detaching. It was possible to obtain a relationship between the adhesion force and diameter of the particles adhered to substrates analyzed The adhesion force experimental results and the adhesion force theoretical values using the models proposed by Derjaguin, Muller and Toporov (DMT) and Johnson, Kendall and Roberts (JKR) were compared. Although the JKR Model was the closest one to the experimental results, the adhesion force theoretical values were far higher than the experimental values. Finally a correction constant (kc) was proposed in order to correlate the theoretical values of adhesion force to the experimental values.
Modelos mistos semiparamétricos parcialmente não lineares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Machado, Robson José Mariano
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Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4313549163258792
Correlated data sets with nonlinear structure are common in many areas such as biostatistics, pharmacokinetics and longitudinal studies. Nonlinear mixed-effects models are useful tools to analyse those type of problems. In this dissertation, a generalization to this models is proposed, namely by semiparametric partially nonlinear mixed-effects model (MMSPNL), with a nonparametric function to model the mean of the response variable. It assumes that the mean of the interest variable is explained by a nonlinear function, which depends on fixed effects parameters and explanatory variables, and by a nonparametric function. Such nonparametic function is quite flexible, allowing a better adequacy to the functional form that underlies the data. The random effects are included linearly to the model, which simplify the expression of the response variable distribution and enables the model to take into account the within-group correlation structure. It is assumed that the random errors and the random effects jointly follow a multivariate normal distribution. Relate to the nonparametric function, it is deal with the P-splines smoothing technique. The methodology to obtain the parameters estimates is penalized maximum likelihood method. The random effects may be obtained by using the Empirical Bayes method. The goodness of the model and identification of potencial influent observation is verified with the local influence method and a residual analysis. The pharmacokinetic data set, in which the anti-asthmatic drug theophylline was administered to 12 subjects and serum concentrations were taken at 11 time points over the 25 hours (after being administered), was re-analysed with the proposed model, exemplifying its uses and properties.
Investigação do potencial antimicrobiano de plantas do cerrado no controle de micro-organismos simbiótico da Diabrotica speciosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Luiz, Anderson Luigi
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2256077305579631
In the cerrado biome it is estimated approximately 160.000 species of plants, animals and fungi that, through their history have been exposed to complex interactions. Those interactions have created a complex system of intra and inter-species chemical communication, constituting a fascinating and fertile area of scientific investigation. Thus, this project aimed to develop a multidisciplinary initiative. Forging chemical ecology, natural products chemistry and microbiology to a joint action for the understanding of plague insects microorganisms interactions. It also aims to investigate how the chemistry of natural products can interfere with this cycle proposing a new mechanism of action for controlling pest insects. Microbial diversity of Diabrotica speciosa was evaluated and as results it was obtained 56 microorganisms. Isolates were assembled into 12 different groups through statistical analysis of the respective MALDI TOF MS mass spectra. The microorganisms were identified to genus level, using the same technique, such as Serratia, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Sphingobacterium, Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum and Streptomyces. The joint analysis of entomo-microbiological studies and the technique of MALDI TOF MS allowed to identify bacterial strains from vertical and horizontal transmissions. Extracts of 24 plant species collected in the cerrado were prepared and submitted to antimicrobial assays for verification of growth inhibition of isolated strains. The plant species that have shown best results were Anadenanthera falcata, Campomanesia pubescens and Psidium laruotteanum. In the phytochemistry study of P. laruotteanum extracts it was possible to isolate xvii two flavonoids and a chalcone, the latter was used as a reference marker for testing the quality control of the plant extract and fractions. The biological tests in D. speciosa showed that extract of P. laruotteanum altered insect s development. Thus the purpose of the study was achieved, since it can be concluded that the control of symbiotic microorganisms can interfere with the insect survival, and thus propose a new form of biorational pest control insects.
Qualidade de vida, desempenho de papéis ocupacionais e uso do tempo na percepção de indivíduos obesos pré e pós-cirurgia bariátrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Zaiden, Marina Pereira
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Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7936828140125415
Introduction: Obesity is a matter of universal concern and its prevalence is increasing at epidemic levels worldwide. It is considered a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. In the present study, the individuals surveyed were obese grade III, due to excess weight, have a negative impact on the quality and life expectancy, for failing to lose weight through less invasive treatments. Through this context, it can be observed that increasing indications of bariatric surgery because of the need for more effective intervention in the clinical management of grade III obese patients, aiming these way positive predictions regarding the condition of life of the individual occurs. In this study, it is also observed, the performance of occupational roles and the degree of importance given to each of them and the use of time devoted to activities that constitute the routine of individuals. Objective: The study had as main objective, to evaluate and compare the quality of life, the performance of occupational roles and the time spent performing routine activities of individuals with obesity before and after bariatric surgery. Methodology: This was a crosssectional study with a cross -section type quantitative approach, performed at the Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, with the participation of 80 subjects divided into 4 groups of 20 patients each: pre-surgical group after group surgical 3 months, 6 months post -surgical and post surgical group 12 months. The following instruments were used: Role Checklist, Clock Activities and WHOQOL BREF quality of life questionnaire. Results: In relation to quality of life, it was found that the postoperative group showed higher than preoperatively in all these domains (Physical, Psychological, Social, Environmental), it was found that all differences were significant and that areas correlated with each other. The results of the Role Checklist, pointed out that in the past the role more marked by pre student, worker and hobby group were, at present, the role of domestic service, family and religious excelled, and in the future, the most important up the roles of hobby, student and volunteer. The post operative group in the past the roles of student, volunteer, work and domestic service were the most evident , at present, more marked papers by this group were domestic service, family and friends , and in the future, it was observed that roles were more prominent, volunteer, student and worker. Regarding the degree of importance it was found that individuals in the postoperative group tended to give much importance to all papers studied, while those of the pre group tended to give any importance to the role organizations. The results regarding the time spent on work, activities with family and personal activities during the week and weekend, pointed out that, although similar, the means of the postoperative group were higher than the preoperative in all variables. Conclusion: The study provided a glimpse of the context of everyday life for individuals in a state of morbid obesity and postoperative, observing all the similarities and differences involved in these periods. Denotes the complexity of the issues involved and the relevance of knowledge about occupational career, the impact of quality of life and natural or simultaneous division of time in relation to different moments in the lives of individuals. Further studies are suggested to the theoretical and empirical depth, aiming at monitoring trends and trajectories of morbid obesity.
A relação da competência comunicativa com o planejamento temático baseado em tarefas em um curso de português língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Franceschini, Aline Raquel
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Barbirato, Rita de Cassia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3146858425693541
This study aims at investigating the relations between a Thematic Task-Based Syllabus and the Communicative Competence (CC) of students of Portuguese as a second language. This qualitative, ethnographic - interpretative research is grounded in studies on CC (CANALE; SWAIN, 1980; CANALE, 1983; CELCE-MURCIA, 2007; HYMES, 1972) of foreign language learners in immersion context. The framework for the Thematic Task-Based Syllabus is founded on theoretical studies of Barbirato (2005), Ellis (2003), Nunan (1989). The thematic material used in this work is called Brasilidades and the theme is based on cultural perspectives of the Northeast and South parts of Brazil. The material was implemented in two courses of Portuguese as a second language in a university in the Southeastern part of Brazil. Each course lasted 30 hours, and the data was collected in the second semester of 2012 and the first semester of 2013. Some of the instruments used for data collection were: research diary, audio and video recording of the classes and questionnaires. The results suggest that the Thematic Task-Based Syllabus allow students a profound mobilization of their CC in communicative scenarios. This kind of syllabus has also shown to be consonant to the model of CC proposed by Celce-Murcia (2007) which places the discursive competence as the center of the CC model since this type of planning recovers primary functions of language such as communication and production of meaning through meaningful contexts. During the task phase, it also offers moments of interaction between students based on the discursive construction of language.
Papel do exercício resistido na atrofia muscular induzida por dexametasona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Krug, André Luis de Oliveira
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7237435337765994
The use of glucocorticoids as treatment for allergic and inflammatory conditions has become commom nowadays, although, chronically it can causes many side effects such as peripheral insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, body weight loss and muscle atrophy. On the other hand, resistance training (RT) has been recommended as non-pharmacological treatment for some pathological conditions, however little is known about its effects on muscle atrophy induced by chronic treatment with dexamethasone (DEX). The aim of this study was to verify the preventive effect of RT (80% of maximal carrying capacity) on DEX-induced muscle atrophy as well as the responsible mechanisms for this response. Forty-three wistar rats (200-250g) were allocated into four groups: sedentary control (SC), sedentary treated with DEX (SD), trained control (TC) and trained treated with DEX (TD). After a familiarization period on the ladder, a maximal voluntary carrying capacity test (MVCC) was performed to determinate the training intensity and the rats underwent or RT (80% MCCT, 4 days/week, 70 days) or remained sedentary. The MVCC was performed in the beginning, after 4 weeks, before and after the DEX treatment. Through the last ten days, the animals received DEX (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) or saline solution. After 24 hours of the last training session, the animals were euthanized and the flexor hallucis longus (FHL), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles were collected and weighted for further analysis of mTOR, p70S6K, FOXO3a, Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 protein levels. The results were presented as mean ± SEM, α<0.05. DEX treatment evoked adrenal gland atrophy (-47%), body weight loss (-21%) and food intake reduction (-28%). The RT increased MVCC of trained animals (+215%). Also, DEX treatment reduced FHL and TA muscles mass (-19.6% e -17.7%, respectively), which was associated with the MuRF-1 protein level increase (+37% e +45,5%, respectively). We did not observe any alterations in mTOR, p70S6K, FOXO3a and Atrogin-1 protein levels after DEX treatment. RT was be able to attenuate FHL muscle atrophy due to blockade of MuRF-1 increase (-3.5%). In addition, it did increase mTOR (+63% for TC e TD) e p70S6K (+46% and +49% for TC e TD, respectively) protein levels in FHL muscle. FOXO3a and Atrogin-1 protein levels were not altered by RT. SOL muscle was not affected by neither treatment nor training. Therefore, these results allow us to suggest that DEX-induced muscle atrophy observed in the FHL and TA muscles can be associated with increases in MuRF-1 protein level. RT-induced attenuation of FHL muscle atrophy involved increases in mTOR and p70S6K protein levels associated with maintenance of MuRF-1 protein levels.
Dinâmica temporal de beija-flores (Aves: Trochilidae) em uma área de Caatinga no semiárido de Pernambuco, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Las-Casas, Flor Maria Guedes
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1452162168205713
Flowering phenology of plants are the main factor controlling hummingbird community organization, and it evolves in a given area as a unit in such a manner that the presence of a plant species can affect the phenology of other plant species. Nowadays there is little information available on the dynamics of biological communities in the Caatinga. The objective of the present study was to describe the temporal distribution in species richness and abundance of hummingbirds, and also in their reproductive activities, molt cycle, richness of flowering ornithophilous and non ornithophilous plant species, verifying the influence of the availability of flowering resources and of climatic factors in the dynamics and in the annual cycle of the hummingbird assemblage during a two year period study in an area of Caatinga. We also present morphometric data. The study was conducted in an area of shrubarboreal caatinga vegetation, located at Serra do Pará, municipality of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe, Pernambuco, Brazil. Hummingbird abundance varied seasonally, with peaks being observed during the rainy season. Temperature had a negative effect on both the species richness and abundance of hummingbirds. The dynamics of the hummingbird assemblage at Serra do Pará was influenced by resource availability, with abundance being higher during periods of lower temperatures and when higher numbers of non ornithophilous plants were flowering. Reproductive activity was evident during the rainy season. Molt, especially contour feathers and flight feathers occurring simultaneously was concentrated after the rainy season in the studied area. The assembly studied presented a bimodal cycle in reproductive activity and molt, which in turn were associated with flower availability. These two events were in asynchrony, with molt cycles beginning after the reproductive period. The hummingbird assembly was morphologically characterized by the three sub-groups known for the Trochilinae, presenting small short-billed species, medium-sized with straight bills species, and the medium to large with long bills species. The information presented in this study contribute with ecological and morphological characteristics of some hummingbird species distributed within the Caatinga, and also new information on hummingbird dynamics and their annual cycles in an area of Caatinga.
Construção, aplicação e avaliação de um kit de experimentos para o ensino de eletrólitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Rocha, Wilson Sergio de Araújo
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0453018099578209
The limited information on electrolytes in high-school textbooks, the reduced time of weekly chemistry classes, and the lack of a laboratory in some schools suggest the need for an adaptation, for the teaching of this topic, with an experimental approach and using easily found materials. Thus, this work is focused on the development and application of a kit of experiments for use in the teaching of electrolytes, providing information on the construction (design and assembly) of an indicator of electrical conductivity and suggestions on how to apply the kit and evaluate the experimentally obtained results. This was done having Ausubel s meaningful learning theory as frame of reference. The developed kit comprises possible experiments for use of the indicator of conductivity as a tool for understanding the concept of electrolytes and questionnaires to collect the results obtained by the students. The kit was elaborated so as to make available simple classroom experiments, using easily found and daily used substances, and also seeking the scientific curiosity and motivation of the students, with safe handling and respect for the environment. The experimental activity, which may be addressed with an investigative approach, complements the theoretical exposition and should provide the students with a better understanding about electrolytes, thus contributing to the incorporation of knowledge and its relevant relationships. The kit was applied with four classes of students from a professionalizing public high school, encompassing: a diagnostic evaluation; a research-questionnaire (to be answered at home), followed by an evaluation; exercises in a worksheet (nº 1), carried out without and with the use of the kit of experiments; finally, exercises in another worksheet (nº 2). From the analysis of the results obtained throughout the application process, it was possible to conclude that there were evidences of student learning about electrolytes, rendered by the use of the kit of experiments. Hence, high-school teachers might use this kit as an auxiliary tool in the teaching of electrolytes and related topics and, in an interdisciplinary way, in the teaching of science, through experimentation.
Capacidade preditiva de Modelos Credit Scoring em inferência dos rejeitados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-03-28)
Prazeres Filho, Jurandir
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6279986381240405
Granting credit to an applicant is a decision made in a context of uncertainty. At the moment the lender decides to grant a loan or credit sale there is always the possibility of loss, and, if it is associated with a probability, the decision to grant or not credit will be more reliable. In order to aid the decision to accept or not the request for applicants are used the credit scoring models, which estimate the probability of loss associated with granting credit. But one of the problems involving these models is that only information about the applicants accepted are used, which causes a sampling bias, because the rejected applicants are discarded. With the aim to solve this problem it can use rejected inference, which are considered individuals who have had credit application rejected. However, only considering rejected inference and one method of modeling data, usually, is not sufficient to get satisfactory predictive measures, and thus, were used combined results of three methods, logistic regression, analysis probit and decision tree. The purpose of this combination were to increase the predictive perfomance and the metrics used were sensitivity, specificity , positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy. Through the application in data sets we concluded that the use of the combined results increased the predictive performance, specially regarding to sensitivity.