Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-05-27"

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Discutindo a atuação do professor interlocutor de libras a partir de um grupo de formação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-27)
Caetano, Priscila Fracasso
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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LACERDA, C. B. F. de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9512564744941249
In the mid-1990s, Brazil becomes a signatory to documents assume Inclusive Education as a fundamental task for any country. The deaf education from the perspective of inclusive education, bilingual education and advocates regarding the involvement of different professionals. Among them is given the emphasis on the role of Teacher Interlocutor of Libras (PI). The PI is one of the recent positions that compose the staff of the state of São Paulo Public Schools. Is predicted that he works at schools from state schools who present deaf or hard of hearing students regularly enrolled, with the task of conducting the dialogue between teachers and students with deafness and / or hearing impairment. This study aims to analyze a strategy of continuing education for teachers interlocutors. Three PIs working in state schools in a midsize city of São Paulo participated in this research. The participants comprised a group of training who proposed hold discussions and reflections on the activities of PIs, based on theoretical studies and exchanges of experience. Training group meetings occurred weekly with an average duration of two hours each, totaling ten meetings. Data collected during the training group (open questionnaire, script analysis of the filming of the group, script analysis of the filming of the action of PI and training group transcripts) were discussed in three areas of analysis: 1) The role / function of PI in the classroom and school; 2) Challenges, possibilities and limits of action of PI; and 3) the training group as a space for dialogue / mediation among participants. Analysis of the sequences revealed the need for an area of continuing education among PIs in order to facilitate discussion and reflection on practice. The testimonies of PIs indicate the precariousness of education for deaf students in the reality experienced by the PIs and PRs, since there is not a guideline or a direction work, or even targets set to be followed. This shortcoming of goals and guidelines causes confusion among the doings of each professional. The solutions remain palliative, work is carried out without tenders or purpose, and there is not a policy to bilingual inclusion for the deaf. We therefore conclude that a commitment to quality education for the deaf student becomes practically impossible in the absence of Pedagogical Political support and an effective project that embases and pay attention in fact to the practice of principles of governing a bilingual education for the deaf in school.
Governanças contratuais e complementaridades das usinas pneumáticas na aquisição da borracha natural no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-27)
Pinotti, Raquel Nakazato
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
Difficulties in supplying the raw material, coagulated latex, to processing plants of natural rubber from São Paulo are very present in this productive activity. The rubber industry also presents such scarcity problem with the supply of the natural rubber raw material, the GEB (Granulado Escuro Brasileiro). This scenario has always been present in the history of the natural rubber chain, having had, in some periods, the intervention of the State through public policies and the obligation to heveiculture fomentation by the rubber industry. The state of São Paulo is the biggest natural rubber producer, with the largest area of rubber tree plantation, in Brazil and it also concentrates a major part of processing plants. The thesis main objective is to analyze the processing companies (plants and rubber industries) transactions of natural rubber with their suppliers in the state of São Paulo. In order to achieve such objective, a characterization was carried out of the business attributes of the governance structure adopted by processing companies to ensure their raw material supply. The theoretical framework of the New Institutional Economics (NIE) and the Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) were also used. The understanding of the transactions carried out by the processing units in the raw material (coagulated latex) acquisition involves the description of the productive chain, the characterization of the institutional environment, the characteristics of the transaction and governance structures which are adopted by the processing companies located in the state of São Paulo. Agents of the rubber sector, plants, rubber industries and rubber producers were interviewed for such analysis in order to compose the institutional environment. The interviews resulted in five case studies (four plants and one rubber industry), which adopt forms of governance adaptive structures with their suppliers of the natural rubber. The transaction attributes of the processing companies with their suppliers are featured by: incomplete information (scarce or little information exchange), presence of uncertainty, an asset specificity (physical and dedicated to production), average frequency and price variation. The major presence of informal agreements and a mechanism of additions to the contract in the transaction are, mainly, guided by trust, reputation and authority. The analysis carried out showed that the transactions of the natural rubber supply for processing companies are ruled by mechanisms which are more complex than the TCE contracts. The presence of a high level of investment in specific assets, both in the heveiculture and in the processing, force agents into an approach and a long term relationship. In order to reduce the uncertainly in this economic activity, processing companies search for more than one way of governance representing a lower dependence of one supplier.
Mortalidade de crianças de 0 a 14 anos em decorrência de acidentes de trânsito no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-28)
Campos, Cintia Isabel de
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5315960172655542
Traffic in large cities has become a challenge for the people who live there. In addition to economic and environmental damage, traffic chaos is responsible for countless victims annually, making it a leading cause of death worldwide. Among these victims, children between 0 and 14 suffer injuries due to traffic accidents as a leading cause of death. Only in Brazil, there are about 2,000 deaths involving children between the ages of 0 and 14 each year. The child is vulnerable in traffic due to immaturity and physical characteristics of this group, so it is necessary specific and targeted studies that support the government regarding the decision making and implementation of strategic actions to mitigate such a scenario. Thus, this study presents the scenario of traffic fatalities involving children in Brazilian traffic through indicators, as well as a comparison with socioeconomic indicators and the international scenario. The methodology included the calculation of primary indicators for all states, the geographical distribution of these rates, a comparison with the reality of other countries and the correlation of mortality indicators with socioeconomic ones. The countries chosen for the comparison with the Brazilian reality were those present in human development groups classified as: very high, high, and the ones which have similar or higher human development groups than the Brazilian scenario, and the ones which provide data for the calculation of indicators of mortality. In general, the Brazilian scenario is positive, since the rates are generally a decreasing curve. When considering economic development in relation to accidentality involving children, there was a negative and moderate correlation between mortality rates and GDP per capita for each state where performed. The correlations with Human Development Index (HDI) considering the year of the indicators showed a positive relationship. In international comparison, the indices showed a general decreasing trend in global accidentality rates, except in a few countries.
O impacto das medidas técnicas sobre as exportações brasileiras de papel e celulose.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-28)
Pereira, Franciele de Oliveira
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Almeida, Alexandre Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8825551833619350
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5709172991388937
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Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
The aim of this study is to assess the potential effects of technical measures belong to the WTO TBT agreement on exports of Brazilian pulp and paper industry. The choice of this segment was due to the same consist of a major component of national export agenda, being susceptible to external regulations. For this, we employed a gravity model comprising Brazil and its importers who reported at least one technical measure within the analysis period 1997-2012. The econometric model, whose inference occurs through the Tobit method further comprises the GDP of the countries involved in trade , foreign tariffs for products affected, bilateral distances and the official languages of each of the trading partners considered. Through descriptive and statistical analyzes we found that greater attention is given to papers and supplies intended for toilet use and the information content present in these seems to be a decisive factor in purchasing their partners. The effect of technical measures on the segment revealed that some of the measures imposed are associated with lower export volumes, thus suggesting greater trade between the same restriction as notifications to the production processes on the product, as well as measures involving compliance which can influence the cost structure of exporting in an effort to adapt its products. Thus, it is expected that the results found to contribute to greater understanding of the effect of technical measures on the pulp and paper industry, as well as the behavior of these requirements over others products of agribusiness.
Dieta de aves em uma área de Mata Atlântica no sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-28)
Moreno, Daniele Janina
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1456965451236762
Não informado pelo autor.
A recepção da análise do discurso na Argentina durante a "Normalização democrática" : o caso da UBA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-28)
Scola, Virginia Irene Rubio
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5546845810328867
The following research consists in a study about Argentina s linguistic history at the moment where Discourse Analysis studies were introduced. We show this process in relation to the historical moment in Argentina: the democratic normalization. Democracy brings important changes in the society and in the universities, mainly in humans and social science. The curricula were opened to news paradigms and, particularly, at the Letter Bachelor s at the University of Buenos Aires. Linguistic was consolidated as a main discipline with her owns orientations. In this way, the Linguistic program was reformulated and a new discipline is defined: Elementos de Semiología y Análisis del Discurso . Our study consists in thinking about these changes in the research and academic s domains in which form Discourse Analysis were established and which were their characteristics. The approach is based on the concept of history by Foucault, the linguistics historiography and the notions of archive and conditions of production from Discourse Analysis. We consider which were the linguistic materials analyses and in which concepts and methodology the studies were developed. Finally, we concluded that the corpora analyzed in papers and in the two disciplines are strongly related with the context of democratization in Argentina and the analysis show a huge engagement with this reality in a latinoamerican context.
Um levantamento das práticas de Manufatura Enxuta em pequenas e médias empresas no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Hayashi, Ana Paula
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Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0025664168663096
Qualitative studies show that Lean Manufacturing implementation in Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) is performed in an informal way. Within this context, the main goal of this paper is to investigate the most commonly used Lean Manufacturing practices that are being implemented within Brazilian SME’s companies. In addition, this paper also aims at presenting what is lean manufacturing in the view of SME in Brazil. The research method used in this paper was an exploratory survey. The results show that the studied companies use practices in a fragmented way, not having a holistic view of lean manufacturing which is considered as being one of the most important part of such philosophy. This represents an opportunity for the studied companies.
Processo de iniciação à docência de professores de matemática: olhares de egressos do PIBID/UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Silva, Danielli Ferreira
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Gama, Renata Prenstteter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0464986760630401
This research aims to understand the process of initiation into teaching of graduates of Institutional Scholarships Program initiation into Teaching (PIBID) at the Federal University of São Carlos, in the area of Mathematics. In order to identify the contributions and limitations of this formative process, under the gaze of the scholars graduating from the same, we seek to answer the following question: what are the main guiding perceptions of the graduates of the PIBID/UFSCar of Mathematics in its process of initiation to teaching, about difficulties and learning of teaching career? We left a few theoretical assumptions of the learnings teachers (MIZUKAMI ET. AL., 2003; TANCREDI, 2009, GUARNIERI, 1996, 2005), and in particular, the initial stage of career (HUBERMAN, 1995; VEENMAN, 1988; CAVACO, 1995; MARCELO GARCIA, 1999; TARDIF, 2012), which has its own characteristics and is usually marked by feelings of "survival" and "discovery" that may influence the permanence or not on teaching career. For recognition of the scenario, identifying the dynamics and particularities of the programme at the national level and institutional, were used documents, projects and publications. For data collection we chose three steps. First perform the mapping of the scholars who participated in the program, in which count 35 scholars in 3 years of subproject and routing of a questionnaire. The initial questionnaire included data about initial training, training in the PIBID and professional experiences, including teaching jobs or not, in order to draw the profile of the scholars and alumni. This step also seek to identify the graduates who followed the teaching career for the deepening of the data thus followed five subjects for the second step. This was created by the analysis of the reflective writings of graduates still at the beginning of their careers, in order to identify and: the main activities developed in the PIBID. In the third and final step, we conducted interviews with four subjects employees (Amanda, Beatriz, Olavo and Viviane), teachers graduates, in order to understand perceptions about the process of training, entry into the profession and future prospects. We look to analyze data from graduates of the PIBID/UFSCar/Mathematics through their difficulties and learnings narrated, composing two axes of analysis: (1) Characteristic Aspects of early career and (2) Dichotomies and joints of training and professional practice. The characteristics and feelings of teachers beginners pointed by literature are revealed in all the subjects ' initiation process, starting in experiences in the following program in the early years of teaching, but with few indications that some difficulties are overcome by the learnings generated at the time of formation, which contributes to the professional insertion. The program also seeks to provide the articulation between theory and practice to licenciandos, seeking to overcome the dichotomies between School Mathematics and mathematics academic training that reflects directly in professional practice. Also highlight the continuing training, realize their trajectories, their gaps, difficulties arising from inexperience. However, are reflective and interested in becoming increasingly better teachers and to develop professionally in career.
Isolados de Trichoderma spp. como agentes promotores de crescimento e indutores de resistência em citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Macedo, Vanessa Marcele
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Kupper, Katia Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2809177515064081
The species of fungi belonging to the genus Trichoderma can be found in many environments, especially in the rhizosphere, as colonizers of roots and plant growth promoters, for their ability in facilitating the absorption of nutrients and protecting them against attack by pathogens. Thus, this study aimed to test isolates of Trichoderma spp. for application as growth promoting agents and inducers of resistance to Phytophthora nicotianae in citrus rootstocks. First, eighteen isolates of Trichoderma were tested in vitro for their ability in inhibiting mycelial growth of P. nicotianae, in terms of: production of volatiles or termostable antifungical substances and cell free compounds. The growth promotion test was done with three rootstocks: Sunki tangerine, Swingle citrumelo and Rangpur lime, whose height and number of leaves were measured at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after treatment with the antagonistic; and in the end of the test, the measuring of dry weight for shoots and roots of plants was measured. The seeds of the rootstocks were treated with the Trichoderma spp isolates and, 180 days later, was tested their capacity of resistance induction through pathogen inoculation on stem, assessed by lesion length. The Phytophthora control assay was carried out by seeds microbiolization of tangerine Sunki and Rangpur lime. By the results, it was found that all Trichoderma spp. isolates provided more than 50% inhibition of the pathogen colony, however, no one produced volatile metabolites. Five isolates produced cell free metabolites and, only the ACB-38 produced termostable antifungal substances, capable of inhibiting the pathogen growth. Trichoderma spp. has the potential for rootstocks growth promoting and resistence inducing to P. nicotianae, but the responses vary according to the plant genotype and the type of isolate antagonist applied. Most isolates of Trichoderma spp. tested were able to control P. nicotianae in Sunki tangerine and Rangpur lime plants.
INCENTV: agente incentivador no enriquecimento da qualidade de experiência em TV social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Santos, Tiago Pomponet Carmo dos
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Teixeira, Cesar Augusto Camillo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1123376648713853
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4243557646613152
Since its creation television has undergone major paradigm shifts, from black and white images to color displays, from analog systems to digital transmissions, from low quality display to high quality displays, from passive programs for fully interactive programs. Currently the term Social TV is gaining popularity in television and innovating once again the way people watch TV, combining computing and communication mechanisms to provide new ways to entertain and inform the viewer. The object of this work lies in the context of Social TV, explores the concept of support agents that have the role to stimulate social interactions, having the aim of enrich the quality of experience in watching television. This paper proposes a model of interaction between the agent and the viewers in Social TV systems and tests with users using a tool developed for the interaction model. Finally the paper compares the results of interactions to investigate the influence generated by inserting the support agent in an environment of Social TV.
Um motor para jogos digitais universais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Garcia, Franco Eusébio
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Almeida, Vânia Paula de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2935753656974386
Digital games are being played gradually more for entertainment, leisure and as a tool for education. However, one does not observe an increase in gaming accessibility corresponding to the ascending importance and use of these software systems. Universal Design provides an alternative approach to design more usable and accessible solutions to as many people as possible, regardless of their physical, cognitive and emotional capabilities. The Universal Design for games is in its early stages: so far, only a few universal titles have been created. Those few games were designed following the Unified Design, a process which leads the game design to a more abstract and modality independent way. However, albeit aiding designing the game, the implementation is left to the developer. Game engines are software created to ease the development and the implementation of digital games. Hence, this work describes a game engine for universal games UA-Game Engine (UGE), which purpose is to ease the development of universal games. UGE explores data-driven, event-driven and entity component systems to ease the development of run-time flexible and adaptable games. This dissertation introduces the concepts of Abstract Game World, Concrete Game World, Meta-Game and Game. To achieve this result, this dissertation informally demonstrates that is it possible to construct a universal game by decomposing any game world into three elements: entity (actor), component and event. These elements are used to create an Abstract Game World without a user resulting into an input-output free Meta-Game. Afterwards, it is suggested that it possible to combine the three elements to reconstruct one or more Concrete Game Worlds from the Abstract Game World to suit the interaction needs of the users. With this result, the UGE game engine was developed. UGE uses an extensible and flexible user profile to, during run-time, tailor the Meta-Game into an accessible Game, by defining all the input and output interactions according to the user s interaction needs. Finally, it is described the evaluation and validation process, currently in progress the obtained results so far classify the project as promising.
Microrganismos e substâncias antimicrobianas presentes em biofertilizantes para o controle de Phytophthora nicotianae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Silva, Aline Caroline da
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Kupper, Katia Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8211851564787698
Among the phytosanitary problems faced by citrus sector it is highlighted the root rot caused by Phytophthora spp. which affects all stages of development of the citrus trees. Preventive measures associated with chemicals are used to control the disease, but the problems arising from the intensive use of fungicides have increased the interest in developing alternative techniques aimed at agricultural sustainability, among them the use of biofertilizers . Because of these facts, this study aimed to: (i) assess the effect of microbiota and metabolites present in biofertilizers produced from aerobic digestion (BSA) and anaerobic (BSAN) of swine manure on the mycelial growth of P. nicotianae; (ii) determining the effect of the products on inoculate of P. nicotinae in soil and roots of citrus tree, (iii) observing the effect on germination of citrus rootstocks . The results obtained in this study showed that the existing microorganisms and metabolites in biofertilizers affected the development of the colony of P. nicotianae; biofertilizer produced by aerobic digestion of swine manure (BSA) had the best efficiency in the elimination of inoculum of P. nicotianae ; BSA at concentrations of 5 and 10% and BSAN at concentration of 10% favored the germination of mandarin Sunki in substrate infested by the pathogen. Moreover BSA at concentration of 5% had a promising effect on seed germination of Rangpur lime under the same conditions.
Efeito anti-inflamatório do extrato etanólico da Harpagophytum procumbens durante a inflamação intestinal de camundongos infectados com Salmonella Enteritidis (ATCC13076)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-29)
Bisinotto, Rosalia do Carmo
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9254279796721990
Salmonellosis is an illness caused by bacteria of the genus Salmonella, a leading infectious disease worldwide. Due to the importance of this infection forward to eating habits, the search for a new compound that can contribute to current therapy against intestinal inflammation caused by Salmonellosis is of great value. The goal of this research was evaluate of this treatment effect with extract of Harpagophytum procumbens ( Hp ) in murine intestinal salmonellosis . In this research were realized counting of total cells and differential cell ( leukocytes, neutrophils and mononuclear cells) , dosages of cytokines (TNF- α , IL-12 , IL-10 and IL-4 ) and histopathological analysis of the liver and small intestine, at third and seventh day after the infection on animals treated with Hp and with animals didn t treated with. The animals were divided in: infected ( SE ) , infected and treated with Hp ( SE + HP ) and control group( C ). Balb / c mice ( female) were infected ( v.o ) with S. Enteritidis ATCC 13076 ( 1x108 UFC - 100 mL / animal) . The SE + HP group was treated with 150 mg / animal daily with Hp . The pathology of the liver and small intestine was prepared and stained with HE. Our results showed that there was an increase of leukocytes, specifically mononuclear cells analyzed in different compartments ( blood and CSF ), increased neutrophils in the blood in animals infected with SE on day 7 after infection. However, treatment with Hp was able to down modulate the recruitment of mononuclear cells on day 7 into the peritoneal cavity and negatively modulates the number of neutrophils in the same period. The levels of TNF-α showed a decrease on day 7 after treatment with Hp, suggesting a biological effect - down regulation - the inflammatory process in these animals . Furthermore, we also observed that animals treated with Hp infected with SE had a reduction in the number of neutrophils and mononuclear cells in the blood and decrease of IL -12. The production of IL-4 showed an increase in the + SE group HP suggesting that animals infected with S. Enteretidis and treated with H. procumbens appears to favor a microenvironment that directs the immune response profile of Th2 to Th1, whereas IL- 12 showed a decrease. IL- 10 has important regulatory effects on immunological and inflammatory responses mediated predominantly by macrophages. Our results show an increase of IL-10 in animals infected with SE, and this increase seems to be related to the severity of salmonellosis. Treatment with Hp stimulated inhibitory activity of IL - 10, favoring slight inhibition of the inflammatory process, on day 7 after infection. In the histopathological analysis of the liver observed that there was no difference between the groups, suggesting a local infection, since the blood culture was negative, carrying no systemic infection. In the small intestine was observed after 72 h in the SE group discrete wrinkle this epithelium, suggesting the invasion of S. Enteritidis, which was also observed hypertrophy of the wall of the villi and mild inflammatory infiltrate. In animals that received treatment with Hp hypertrophy was reduced with preservation of the villi of the intestinal architecture 7 days after infection. Thus, we suggest a possible role of Hp in modulating immune factors involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine of animals infected with SE, favoring discrete modulation of the inflammatory process in this model.
Identificação molecular e caracterização de peixes do gênero Zungaro (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) de diferentes bacias hidrográficas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Pires, Antonio Augusto Adami
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3403253002690500
The Genus Zungaro, Bleeker, 1858 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), comprise a group called Jaú. This group is divided in two species: Zungaro jahu located in Paraná- Paraguai basins and Zungaro zungaro located in Amazonas-Orinoco basins. Both species are known because they are the biggest catfish in South America. In Juruena River, smaller catfishes are found by local fishermen and because of that it´s very hard to classify these species. During this work Juruena population was genetically analyzed and these molecular datum were compared with other population to know if they are the same specie or not. Samples of fish came from Juruena, Amazonas, Solimões, Madeira, Xingu, Meta, Miranda, Taquari e Cuiabá were collected and kept in the heap of tissue bank in the Molecular Biodiversity and Conservation Laboratory (LabBMC). After isolating the DNA according to Sambrook protocol, mitochondrial sequences of cytochrome oxidase I (COI), cytochrome b (Cytb) and D-Loop were amplified by PCR. After the sequencing and edition, the results were compared to the databases BOLD and GenBank. Phylogenetic trees based on different algorithms were built. The species of Amazonas-Orinoco basins (Z. zungaro) and Paraná-Paraguai basins (Z. jahu) showed a considerable genetic distance highlighting a population structuring. Individual from Juruena River were different from the others following the model K2p 2.4% (COI) and 5% (D-Loop). The results showing an evidence of three different species: Z. zungaro, Z. jahu and possible new species in the Juruena River. Besides, specimens from Xingu River demonstrated a high genetic distance from the others, being necessary further analyses.
Avaliação da universalidade de primers de marcadores moleculares para aplicação na classe Chlorophyceae (Chlorophyta)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Vieira, Helena Henriques
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8241832569702467
The polifasic taxonomy approach became indispensable in classification of living beings, especially microorganisms, such as Chlorophyceae. This class is compound of very distinct organisms most microscopic, unicellular, colonials, filamentous, and the classification and identification is many times hampered due the lack of structures observable that helps the discrimination. Some habits, reproduction, the occurrence of cryptic species are some factors that can lead to forms that make difficult the taxonomy of these organisms. Besides the traditional morphology, the molecular biology allows a robust concerning the classification of the studied organism. Associated to a better classification, the search for faster and more practical methods of identification, as DNA Barcode, became intensified and many molecular markers are available in literature to be tested. For some groups of animals, brown algae, red algae and diatoms the marker COXI is considered an official DNA Barcode. However other groups, as Chlorophycea, are under constant investigation, due the fact that molecular marker that can be used satisfactory as DNA Barcode have not been found yet. Plastid markers as tufA, rbcL and nuclear as ITS are some of the most proposed to be applied in green algae, often combined with each other or other markers. However, for act as a molecular marker, it is necessary to be amplified by primers broadly applied. The present study has tested primers for tufA, ITS and rbcL marker, available in literature and already in use in other groups, looking for universality in Chlorophyceae. We also tested proposed universal primers for Chlorophyta (UCP4). Moreover, preliminary analyses have been performed for application of the markers as barcode in the class. The primers used for tufA marker showed universality in Chlorophycea amplifying for all 22 strains tested and sequencing have failed only for Oedogonium strain. From the rbcL marker, the primer pair GrbcL has amplified 12 and sequenced 7 of 22 strains and rbcLFP which one the reverse primer was designed in this study amplified and sequenced 16 lineages. Primers from the ITS marker amplified only 5 lineages and UCP4 primers have not amplified any strain. Beside the universality found for tufA primers, Analysis with the obtained sequences showed that the tufA gene is a promising molecular marker to be applied in Chlorophyceae.
RTSS: uma família de técnicas de leitura para suporte à inspeção de modelos SysML e Simulink
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Antonio, Erik Aceiro
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Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1687921185079998
Context: Usually, developers of Embedded Systems (ESs) start the development from models next to the code generation phase, for example, SysML diagrams and Simulink models. Despite the whole use of these models by the ES community, there is a lack of Verification and Validation activities (V&V). The certification standards operate, mainly, on code level. Aim:to define a family of reading techniques Reading Techniques for SysML and Simulink (RTSS) that supports the inspection of these diagrams and models, aiming to improve the process and product quality through defects identification, as soon as artifacts are elaborated. Method: the reading techniques were defined based on a systematic process and they support pairs of artifacts. They take some international certification standards into account, as well as elements from the structure of SysML and Simulink languages. Besides, aiming to suggest the use of these techniques inside a development process, the SYSMOD process was took as reference, since it adopts SysML diagrams and Simulink models along its phases. For evaluating the RTSS techniques two controlled experiments and three case studies were conducted as the techniques were elaborated. Results: the results showed that it is feasible to use the techniques and that they are able to detect defects on the pair of artifacts for the ones they were designed. In addition, it was observed that defects that were not identified and corrected inside the phase they were generated, were propagated to the subsequent phases. Conclusion: Based on these results, we can conclude that the RTSS techniques are able to detect defects as the artifacts are elaborated, avoiding their propagation to further phases. This fact can improve both the process and the product besides minimize the rework and the cost of correcting defects in further phases. Finally, we observed that the techniques can be applied even the SYSMOD process is not being used. In this case, it is enough that the pair of artifacts dialed by each technique is available.
FTIR – ATR aplicado à discriminação de microalgas planctônicas verdes cocóides
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Moraes, Guilherme Pavan de
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5770613535282871
This work proposes the use of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as part of a polyphasic approach to assist the identification and classification of coccoid green microalgae. Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) technique was tested to determine if it can provide highly reproducible spectra, a primary requirement to achieve good discrimination between strains of microorganisms. It was also tested spectral window selection, in conjunction with spectra pre-treatments, to determine the best method to perform the strains discrimination. The results were evaluated by reproducibility of spectra and chemometrics analyses by principal components (PCA) and hierarchical clusters (HCA) analysis, in terms of correct discrimination and classification of closely related chlorophycean coccoid microalgae strains, compared to currently accepted classifications. ATR technique provided the reproducibility needed, verified by the excellent strains discrimination. Further, strains were positioned by HCA in clades correctly correlated to classification ranks orders and families. However, these results were obtained when using spectral windows that differ from previously reported studies, 1500 1200 cm-1 and 900 675 cm-1, excluding spectrum regions relative to storage compounds, which was found to negatively impact the analyses. It was concluded that the ATR - FTIR technique has great potential to assist traditional approaches of coccoid green microalgae identification and classification, though a careful spectrum region selection is needed.
O museu de ciências como promotor da motivação: lembranças do público do setor de química do CDCC/USP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Guzzi, Mara Eugênia Ruggiero de
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Ferreira, Luiz Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819009378941531
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4289340373751509
This work refers to a study of the motivational aspects found in the mini courses offered by the Chemistry Sector of the Center for Cultural and Scientific Dissemination (Centro de Divulgação Científica e Cultural CDCC). The self-determination theory was used as a reference to study the Science Museum potential to act as a motivational promoter, exploring activities that may propitiate situations that will involve intrinsically motivated visitors and also to understand how extrinsic stimuli can regulate self-determined forms of motivation. The data acquisition allowed the identification of the mini courses scenario influenced by Center s actions and ideology during its implantation and consolidation, by gathering information referent to the nature and conception of actions, public involvement, profile and impressions during the conduction of the mini courses and after a long gap. The study of the public was conducted with two groups with different characteristics: one of which involved the participants of a partnership between the CDCC and teaching students; the other group was constituted by an independent public with a diversified profile. The results and analysis obtained under different views (motivational profile, perception about the sense attributed to participation and interactions during the activities) brought some elements that confirm the emergence of situations capable of nurturing psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relationship. The nature and characteristics of the activities awakened the enthusiasm of the visitors in situations appropriated to the intrinsic involvement, i.e., moved by the personal satisfaction provided by the experience. It was also observed, however, that they can be extrinsically stimulated in activities that lead to the regulation that approaches self-determination. It was established that in a short gap after the participation in the activities, the experience was perceived as meaningful for both groups and after a twenty years gap, the motivational aspects were enhanced in the independent group that was more participant and assiduous in the museum. The results of this work suggest that nurturing the subjacent psychological needs is a way to fully explore scientific dissemination that does not exclude the missions assumed by the Institutions with the Science Museum, defining it as a nonformal teaching space that promotes self-determined forms of motivation.
Modelos de sobrevivência com fração de cura via partição bayesiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Gonzales, Jhon Franky Bernedo
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4565435898987261
In general, models for survival data with a cure fraction relate the cure fraction with the covariates using different link functions, for example, the logit link function and do not consider the problem of selection of covariates that have an effect on the cure fraction. So, in this work we propose a model that considers a partition of the predictor space in which the cure fraction depends locally of covariates. In this context, it adopts a orthogonal hyperplane tessellation to the axes to obtain a partition of the predictor space with the advantage that the proposed model selects the covariates that have an effect on the cure fraction. The developed modeling extends the Bayesian partition model proposed by Hoggart & Griffin (2001) to include information for qualitative variables with more than two categories and therefore a new computational strategy is considered. This extension allows to capture the effects of covariates on a local structure in which it is considered that the number of competing causes follows a power series distribution. This distribution is flexible because it includes special cases such as the binomial, Poisson, negative binomial and logarithmic distributions. To demonstrate the potential of the methodology, we used two set of data relating with cancer studies.
Eficiência na oferta de serviços de saúdo no estado de São Paulo: uma análise comparativa entre municípios selecionados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-05-30)
Passoni, Pedro Felipe Mascarin
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Gomes, Alexandre Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5002157193962189
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0953190021322601
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Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de
Assess levels of efficiency in the provision of public services and its determinants becomes increasingly important to meet growing needs of the population and the scarcity of resources. The provision of health services accounts for a large part of municipal budgets and fundamentally depends on a good management of limited public resources, as well as greatly impacting on social and economic development of municipalities. In this sense, the present study sought to examine the level of efficiency in the delivery of public health services to the population of the municipalities of the state of São Paulo to promote wellness. So it was posed a mathematical programming problem involving the measurements of efficiency, through the non-parametric efficiency analysis technique known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), with varying scale and orientation product returns. The results indicate that the municipalities of the state of São Paulo have unsatisfactory utilization of resource allocation for the provision of public health services. In general, districts that spend more did not show higher levels of efficiency, but for the group of the least efficient municipalities this hypothesis was confirmed. Regarding the relationship with the Municipal Human Development Index (IDH-M), a slightly negative relationship was found. On the other hand, the group of 14 less efficient shows a positive relationship between the score and the IDH-M. The results are scattered so apparently random state, and indicate that there is no homogeneity among municipalities. Observe also that there are municipalities that although efficient, spend resources for health that are lower than seems appropriate. All this demonstrates the asymmetry and how unequal is the situation of municipalities in the state of São Paulo in relation to health services. Furthermore, the group of the most efficient is less populated, compared to less efficient. According to the scale of production, the municipalities are presented as most in descending scale. The biggest problem has been found in the municipalities of scale. Regarding projections for municipalities become efficient, the results showed that the inefficient municipalities require increases of 124,66 % on average in their health services. Among regions the differences are not very striking, but there is a slight predominance of efficient municipalities focusing on the West region of the state. The Administrative Regions (RA's) showed similar mean technical efficiency, showing that no state in a spatial distribution pattern efficiency. The relationship between efficiency scores of RA's and IDH-M of each was positive. With this, one realizes that the average level of efficiency tends to increase when the IDH-M in each RA increases. It is, therefore, required a revision of management practices in counties in order to improve the methods adopted to make better use of resources and can provide the population with the best provision of their basic needs and more effective action by the executive branch.