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Comercialização de filmes independentes e o caso 3 efes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-03)
Melo, Maria Cristina Couto
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Costa, Flávia Cesarino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1653890782950111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725194144353016
The industrial model of filmmaking is structured by dividing the production of a film between three sectors. Production, distribution and exhibition, and the gradual and sequential content offer in the viewports. The distribution and exhibition sectors are responsible for the film commercialization, both work together in order to enable commercial success of production and monetize their own activities. Currently, the distribution activity is exercised by American conglomerates of media, the majors, and by independent distributors that operate on a national scale, usually with smaller films, called niche films. However, the development of new media and the communication media's convergence resulted in a model that proposes the content display on multiple windows and production by niche's demand . This research proposes to discuss and understand the role of the new display windows, potentiated by the convergence of media vehicles, as diffusion of alternative independent audiovisual productions. As an example, it will be discussed the distribution strategy for the movie 3 Efes (Carlos Gerbase, 2007).
A descontinuidade do tempo: uma aproximação entre as noções de duração em Bergson e Descartes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-03)
Silva, Elaine Guinevere de Melo
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7274750185768135
A comparative study between Bergson and Descartes regarding their notion of duration, resulted in the development and composition of this research theme, which shows and ponders about the meaning and consequences of the conception of time from both thinkers within their own philosophies and methods of knowledge. The Bergsonian method of intuition and the mechanistic Cartesian model are presented and compared in terms of appropriateness to their respective metaphysical propositions. Relevant aspects of the activity of memory and intellect are highlighted to show the divergence between the views of Descartes and Bergson about these faculties. We discussed the Cartesian thesis of the independence between the time instants, in which duration is seen as a multitude of parts divisible and independent. This thesis was analyzed on the basis of the critique of the spatial representation of time, through which, the aspects of time spatialization were highlighted, such as simultaneity, immobility and discontinuity. The temporality of psychological states was also approached from Bergsonian and Cartesian philosophy. The continuous and uninterrupted movement of thought, described by Descartes, keeps resemblance to the description of the dynamics of consciousness duration in Bergson. However, only the second one paid attention to the indivisible character of duration as creation and incessant flow.
Caracterização microestrutural e mecânica da liga AA7050 reciclada por conformação por spray, extrusão e forjamento rotativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-03)
Guerra, Ana Paula de Bribean
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7850516376285928
The objective of this study was to evaluate the microstructure and the mechanical properties of hot extruded bars and cold rotary swaging wires of an AA7050 alloy. The ingot for the mechanical conformation operations was obtained by spray forming using machining chips from an aircraft manufacturer as raw material. The microstructural characterization of the final and intermediaries products (deposit and extruded bar) was performed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy; the mechanical characterization was done by tensile tests. The deposit obtained by spray deposition was submitted to hot compression tests with the aim to obtain the parameters of a constitutive equation for predict the hot deformation behavior in two different conditions homogenized and without any treatment. The process route adopted showed to be effective to eliminate the porosity produced by the spray process, and also to refine the microstructure, resulting in mechanical properties meeting the requirements of the standard of this alloy for aircraft applications. The extruded bar and the rotary swaged wires presented both slant and cup-cone fracture, being this phenomena kept after the age treatment in the extruded products, which was attributed to the occurrence of preferential crystalline orientation of the grains during extrusion. This preferential orientation was not removed during the solution heat treatment before aging; on the other hand, the wires were completely recrystallized during solution heat treatment and this phenomenon has disappeared. Hot compression tests were performed with the aim of describe constitutive equations of the material behavior in both conditions previously to conformation (homogenized and without previously homogenization treatment). The hot compression test reveals distinct behaviors of dynamic recovering/hardening during the tests.
O debate enfraquecido: o desânimo dos educadores diante da realidade cotidiana das escolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-03)
Buffa, Maurício
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Tagliavini, João Virgílio
This thesis was inspired in the professors Paolo Nosella and Ester Buffa s research, A Educação Negada , a paper about the great debates which permeated Brazilian education throughout the 20th century. However, unlike the masters, she did not lean on the opinion of any great exponent, limiting to observe if teachers, principals and pedagogic coordinators currently participates, resist or only accompany the various everyday debates that permeate not only the most theoretical issues of education, but also characteristics and particularities of the educational system and the operation and management of the school systems structures. To achieve this aim, the research focused on two municipal schools from Cristais Paulista, in São Paulo. During almost 2 years, 62 educators were approached through semi-structured interviews, informal conversations and questionnaires. The study also used on-site observation, with the participation of this researcher in the HTPC meetings (pedagogic meetings where the teachers work as a group on the discussion and analysis of educational issues). Based on the assumptions of Oral History, and believing that doxa is the fertile ground for the emergence of episteme, the research stressed the opinion of the interviewed educators, adding them to the observations and collected data. Facing the inability to discern which would be the most true, it was listened as much as possible and considered the most probable not as ways to possible solutions, but simply to understand the context in which these teachers navigate. As stages of this investigation, it was sought, in first place, to understand how was the formation of the Brazilian State and the influence of this process in the formation and development of our society, which allowed us to see its authoritarian and little opened to debate feature. In a second moment, the paper endeavored to trace some of the main theoretical debates that have developed in our educational history, trying to show the main currents that disputed the primacy in our educational system. In this way, it was found that nowadays teachers are very distant from an effective participation in the main debates that permeate current Brazilian education. In general, they seem not to worry with the theories that, despite their understanding, end up guiding their way of teaching. Beyond that, they seem unwilling to the theories that discuss the role of schools and the currents that debate the best way to manage them. In the end, and with no concern to conclude, this study leaves as a proposal to improve Brazilian education the idea to heavily invest in a more beautiful and pleasant school, with teachers working full time and with more administrative, financial and pedagogic autonomy.
Consciência de si e sentido interno: da identidade e da duração da consciência na crítica da razão pura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-04)
Dutra, Elias Sergio
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6964560647390588
The purpose of this thesis is to examine the problem of the consciousness in the Critique of pure reason, specially the concept of consciousness of the Self, and the determination of the internal sense through consciousness. We will follow Kant s indication that there is a clear distinction of the knowing subject in a passive and an active dimension we believe that this distinction does not convert the knowing subject into a being possessing two different and irreconciliable parts. Opposing to this view, we want to, defend that Kant s distinction concerns two ways, the objective and the subjective dimensions, of considering the knowing subject. At first, we will analyze the subjective passive dimension; here we underscore the internal sense and his pure form, time, along with the difficulties that come from the interpretations about the internal sense in Kant. Secondly, we discuss the objective dimension of the knowledge; we given attention here to Kant s conception of Self-consciousness and Consciousness. In this part, we consider the necessary concepts for comprehending this issue, in particular, the concept of Transcendental Apperception, the I thin. We take into account the numerical identity of the consciousness and Kant s analysis of the Self-consciousness. Finally, in the third part, we focus on the issue of how the understanding as a self-consciousness determines the internal sense. This point, as we intend to show, requires a close examination of the transcendental synthesis of imagination and its implication to the comprehension of the different modes of the internal sense. This analysis, we believe, shows that the subject, in Kant s philosophy, far from being characterized by a duplicity of parts or faculties of an real or concrete subject, is only one and the same subject considered in its double dimension: the subjective and the objective sides concerning the same subject, that is, two distinct acts from the same consciousness, which is the self-consciousness.
Avaliação de comportamentos relacionados a ansiedade, autoadministração de etanol e expressão de pró-dinorfina e Fos em regiões encefálicas de animais adultos expostos à nicotina durante a adolescência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-07)
Bianchi, Paula Cristina
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Planeta, Cleopatra da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1169254558226835
Adolescence marks a period of increased vulnerability to drug abuse. Early initiation of tobacco use is strictly associated with alcohol use and dependence in adolescence and adulthood. The present study aims to investigate: 1) changes in anxiogenic-like effects and on operant ethanol self-administration in adult rats exposed to nicotine during adolescence; 2) changes on pro-dynorphin (PDYN) gene expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) on late nicotine withdrawal and after ethanol self-administration; 3) which brain areas are activated on short or long-term nicotine withdrawal during adolescence. Our results showed that pre-exposure to nicotine during ten days (3mg/kg/day; s.c) in adolescent rats, did not change anxiogenic-like effects in the elevated plus maze, 15 days after the treatment cessation [postnatal day (PND) 52], progressive ratio (PND 75-79) and binge (PND 81-84) in the operant ethanol selfadministration protocol. However, animals pre-treated with nicotine displayed increased motivation to saccharin seeking. No changes were observed on gene expression of PDYN 15 days after chronic nicotine treatment cessation or 24 hours after the last binge session of ethanol self-administration. Concerning the areas involved on nicotine withdrawal, we observed that adolescent rats exposed to nicotine through the minipumps during 10 days (PND 28-37), showed enhanced Fos activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 3 days after nicotine treatment cessation (PND 40). The percentage of neuronal activation in this group was 22.03%, of those activated neurons, 28.5% were GABAergic and only 2.5% were glutamatergic neurons. Meanwhile, 15 days after the mini-pumps were removed, no difference was observed on Fos activation in the different brain areas analyzed. We concluded that: a) administration of nicotine during adolescence was not able to modify anxiety-like behaviors and ethanol seeking behavior in adulthood; b) late nicotine withdrawal did not change gene expression of PDYN in NAc, as well as, did not change Fos protein neuronal activation in the regions of mPFC, NAc and habenula; c) short-term nicotine withdrawal involves the activation of neural ensembles in the mPFC.
A participação das mulheres na agroecologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-07)
Souza, Wanessa Alves Pereira de
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Beskow, Paulo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329697168824873
This study aims to visualize the work performed by women in agriculture. Part assumption that live in a society patriarchal, activities in the life of reproduction are considered less important by do not generate direct income. It has the objective of presenting the reality of rural women workers and the importance of his work for food security and agroecology. Thus verifying, the context of agrarian issues experienced by them; identifying women's access to public policies; confirming the work performed by them; by viewing their forms of agricultural production; and ascertaining conception of agroecology and feminism by women. To analyze this context was used the method of qualitative research. Within the agricultural universe, was only researched women, aiming to evidence their looks over the reality. The research shows that women are being impacted by the agribusiness model and that still find difficult to advance in production in their territories by the difficult access to public policies. Women's work within the production is directed to the subsistence of the family, not being recognized as an indirect source of income; the same is based on an ecologically-based production, generating a diversity of products that ensures the family food security. It is concluded that there is a difference of reality between women that are inserted or not in social organizations; that still facing the limitations caused by the sexual division of labor; and that their work makes a significant contribution in ensuring food security and in the construction of agroecology.
Biofertilizantes, a base de esterco bovino, no controle de Phytophthora nicotianae em citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-08)
Wehr, Pitt Paul
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Kupper, Katia Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4866079661328873
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two organic liquid fertilizeres made from fresh cattle manure, produced under anaerobic digestion or forced oxygenation, for the control of Phytophthora nicotianae. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate separately the effect of the components in these products over the pathogen. For so, we tested the effect of cultivable microorganisms and the filtered fraction over the pathogen, targeting to identify the role of this factors in the disease control. It was found that biofertilizers have substances and microorganisms present in its composition capable of operating in the pathosystem in question, highlighting the role of baciliform heat resistant bacteria. It was observed that the effect of the filtered fraction of the anaerobic biofertilizer was effective on the mycelial growth of the pathogen and significantly higher than the filtered fraction of the aerobic biofertilizer, and had higher levels of some nutrients, especially calcium, copper and iron. The aerobic biofertilizer showed greater quantity and diversity of microorganisms antagonistic to P. nicotianae. The application of both biofertilizers reduced the number of infected roots of two citrus rootstocks (Citrus limonia and Citrus sunki) Both biofertilizers also reduced the amount of pathogen inoculum in the soil. In high concentrations biofertilizers cause phytotoxicity on young citrus plants, but in moderate concentrations, the products increased the number of germinated seeds of Rangpur lime and mandarin Sunki sown on soil inoculated with the pathogen. This makes the use of biofertilizers an option to be integrated in the disease management of P. nicotianae in citrus, however, more studies are require to investigate other issues, such as the risks related to the application of this products.
Caracterização microestrutural e modelagem do amaciamento dinâmico a quente do aço inoxidável austenítico ASTM F 138, utilizado em implantes ortopédicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-10)
Geronimo, Fabio Henrique Casarini
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Balancin, Oscar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8379205949387493
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4102566785398237
Flow stress curves of ASTM F 138 austenitic stainless steel were obtained through isothermal hot torsion testing in the temperature range of 900- 1200oC and in the strain rate range of 0,01-10s-1, totaling 24 experiments. To understand the dynamic softening during hot working of this material, the shape of the flow stress curves and the parameters required to calculate activation energy for hot working were evaluated. Also, the semi-empirical equations describing these parameters as function of Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z) were obtained. Mathematical modeling of flow stress curves was developed taking into account the recovery parameter r and the Avrami exponent n. Processing maps were constructed using the Dynamic Materials Model. The attained microstructures were analyzed by optical microscopy and the microstructure evolutions under some processing conditions were evaluated by EBSD technique. These procedures were also used to obtain the recrystallized fraction, to identify what softening mechanism was operating and in which conditions it becomes more active. Due to the intermediate stacking fault energy level in this material (78mJ/m2), attained data indicate that dynamic softening occurs in a balance between dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization, with temperature having a determining role. At higher Z, extended dynamic recovery takes place and dynamic recrystallization becomes incomplete due to plastic instabilities such as localized flow. Lower Z values offer favorable conditions for complete dynamic recrystallization, even if were necessary to impose large straining.
Vivenciar para apreender: o meio ambiente como contexto para o ensino de polímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-11)
Silva, Márcia Adriana da
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9820357996606419
Through the student‟s desinterest and the difficulties in the teaching-learning process of this science, where the teaching methodology employed traditionally is based on the traditional teaching model of transmission-reception in the memorization of concepts, rules, formulas and their applications are prioritized, this work approaches the use of a teaching sequence based on contextualized activities with CTSA approach to the teaching of polymers in high school, as a way to encourage, stimulate and facilitate the learning. Thus, this study investigated the development of contextualized activities with CTSA approach contribute to students understand chemical concepts related to the theme of the waste that is produced in their homes and specially if it provides them, a critical and reflexive positioning on the relationships between Science, Society, Technology and Environment, which are essential for its role as citizens. To this end, various teaching alternatives have been used in order to facilitate learning. Students from the second grade of high school at the Escola Estadual Enoch Garcia Leal studied diverse teaching strategies: lessons dialogued based on discussions of articles published in Revista Química Nova na Escola , experimental activities, instructional material on polymers and field visit to Recycling Plant. As a way of assessing learning, student answered questionnaires. The results indicate that contextualized activities with CTSA approach is a very important recourse that has much to contribute to the training of students, allowing them to reflect on the environmental problems arising from production and improper disposal of waste, as well as relate to the topic, chemical concepts involved on polymers used in everyday life.
Capital humano: alocações de talentos do ensino superior no Brasil e seus possíveis impactos no crescimento econômico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-11)
Shirozono, Luanna Vargas
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Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4261883539405716
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Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela
Starting from the concept of human capital and considering it as a synonymous of knowledge, the present thesis collected based on lecture of Human Capital, searching in data of Higher Education in Brazil and studying a part of this topic and the effects over the dynamic of talents in the country. Searching inferences on alternative models of education from China, South Korea and The United States of America. Using as fundamental the HHJK theoretical model, the research concluded that to the period between 2002 and 2012, the distribution and allocation of talents among the knowledge areas / careers from Brazil didn t show a remarkable convergence if compared with state of São Paulo, which is the reference state by representation and importance in the country. Beyond that, the effects of those discrepancies among the occupation can correspond until 95% wage deviation on representative careers.
Estudos de sólidos farmacêuticos através das técnicas de RMN no estado sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-11)
Oliveira, Lyege Magalhães
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Venâncio, Tiago
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6690728944762905
Approximately 80-90 % of the drugs on the market are available in solid form, sold as tablets and capsules containing product in a powdered form. A frequent problem associated to the drugs in the solid state is the low rate of dissolution, especially in aqueous medium or in polar environments. Another important feature, which is closely related to the dissolution rate, and consequently the bioavailability of the drug, is the existence of several crystalline forms that the drug can assume during the crystallization. This phenomenon is known as polymorphism and it is a serious problem for the pharmaceutical industry. Since the problem is not so simple to be characterized, it is recommended to use a number of different techniques such as XRD, Raman, IR, thermal analysis and solid state NMR, once they all have at least one limitation. In this context, this work aimed to study pharmaceutical solids by solid state NMR techniques, using matrices such as mebendazole (in polymorphic forms A and C and in commercial samples), diethylcarbamazine (in its free, citrate and maleate forms) and mycophenolic acid as well as its ester mofetil form. A set of techniques for solid state NMR based on CPMAS experiment and its variants (CP-TOSS, CP-NQS e CP-PI) were used, both observing the nucleus of carbon-13, as well as nitrogen-15. Thus, it was possible to differentiate between A and C polymorphs of mebendazole by using these techniques, and still use them in the analysis of commercial drugs. In this context, it was also possible to verify that the technique of solid state NMR can be successfully used to characterize and quantify polymorphs in absolute commercial samples. The data obtained from these analyzes demonstrated the importance of conducting an effective quality control of drugs available in the market when formulated in solid form, since it was verified that some lots sold exhibited the undesired polymorph of mebendazole. Regarding the study involving the free diethylcarbamazine and its citrate and maleate forms, NMR data were consistent and complementary to those reached by X-ray crystallography. With the use of two-dimensional FSLG-HETCOR 1H-13C experiment, it was observed the existence of intra- and intermolecular interactions through hydrogen bonds. NMR data obtained for mycophenolic acid and its ester mofetil form corroborate the structural study of this molecule, previously described in the literature only with X-ray crystallography data. The present results confirm the importance of solid state NMR in the study of pharmaceutical solids, mainly in the analysis of commercial products in Brazil, where their use should be encouraged, since this technique offers considerable advantages in the analysis of this type of product.
Síntese e aplicação do SrTiO3 na fotodecomposição da água para a geração de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-11)
Pinheiro, Antônio Narcisio
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Leite, Edson Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8901620600165297
Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is an n-type semiconductor with high chemical and photochemical stability. This wide band gap oxide has a band gap energy of about 3.2 eV as well as a favorable energy for photocatalysis. In this study, we demonstrate an alternative and superior method to produce Nb-doped and undoped SrTiO3 photoanode thin films based on a colloidal deposition process which possess good activity under standard solar illumination conditions. Methanol was used as hole scavenger and the results showed that the semiconductor liquid junction (SCLJ) charge accumulation is not an important mechanism to control the photocurrent density and overpotential. In addition, experimental results suggest that the dominance of photocurrent density is controlled by the potential at the surface space charge layer for the Nb-doped SrTiO3 and by recombination at the depletion layer for the undoped oxide.
Biomassa e produtividade subterrânea no cerrado: relações com solo, topografia e fogo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-11)
Loiola, Priscilla de Paula
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Batalha, Marco Antônio Portugal Luttembarck
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3893228815181339
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691455603546958
Plant biomass and productivity are ecological properties that affect community functioning. The belowground biomass of cerrado is underestimated and, therefore, it is important that we know how it is related to biotic and abiotic variables. In the first chapter, we tested for the relationship between different diversity indices and aboveB and belowground biomass. Species diversity and functional divergence positively affected the aboveground biomass, but not the belowground biomass, both in the cerrado and in the seasonal forest. Resource use complementarity led to a better community functioning, but did not predict all the community biomass production, as it disregarded the belowground component. Inclusion of environmental variables and functional traits, in the second chapter, was important to generate models that predicted the belowground biomass. The models were significant, even tough they showed low explanatory power for the cerrado. Foraging for limiting nutrients, altitude, and functional traits related to disturbance were selected in the models predicting the belowground biomass. In the third chapter, we separated fine and coarse roots in two depths. We used structural equation modeling to test for the effects of environmental variables on the belowground biomass in each root category and each depth. We identified soil fertility causing less fine root biomass and recent fire causing less coarse root in the deep soil layer. Shallow root biomass was not caused by any of the ecological processes we studied. Also, aluminum content led to low soil fertility and recent fire caused higher soil fertility, as we expected. The carbon stock of the cerrado and the seasonal forest is large and should not be neglected when estimating the impacts caused by climate and landBuse changes.
O treinamento resistido promove modulações gênica e proteica de sinalizadores do metabilismo glicolítico no fígado de ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-12)
Tomaz, Luciane Magri
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8430651176725216
Menopause is associated with higher risks of metabolic changes that may compromise women s life quality. Glicemia is regulated by the liver which is responsible for glucose storage at postprandial and for glucose efflux in a fastened state. The absence or the reduction of stradiol levels cause glucose intolerance and deregulated insulin output in bloodstream, setting of the insulin resistance process (RI). Hepatic glucose regulation is directly related to the accurate control of gene expression which encodes different isoforms of oxidation proteins and glucose input proteins. Studies suggest that Resistance Training (TR) prevents RI on ovariectomized (Ovx) rats liver. However there are few molecular events that support TR. Objective: To investigate the Ovx and TR effects over protein and gene expression of biomarkers associated with insulin signalization and glucose oxidation in rats liver. Methods: Adults Sprague-Dawley were divided into 4 groups (n=6 each group): Sedentary Sham-surgical (Sham-Sed); Sedentary-Ovx (Ovx-Sed); (Sham-Tr) and (Ovx-Tr). Tr protocol included 1.1 m vertical climbing with tied weight to the rats tail. Each session consisted of 4 to 9 climbing and 2 minutes of resting between the exercises. Training was performed 3 times a week during 10 weeks. Gene expression was analysed using real time quantitative PCR and protein assays by Western Blotting technic. Results: GLUT2 gene and protein expression and PGC-1α gene expression increased significantly; and p-Akt Ser473 protein expression decreased in Ovx group. TR promoted a greater increase of PGC-1α gene expression and further repair of GLUT2 gene and protein expression and p-Akt Ser473 protein expression. Conclusions: The results show the ovariectomy promotes overexpression of molecular markers that induced RI. These findings suggest that TR may play an important role on the RI prevention in Ovx animals through gene and protein expression repairment of the glycolytic metabolism signalling molecules.
Manejo e conservação da agrobiodiversidade no assentamento rural Olga Benário no estado de Sergipe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-14)
Almeida, Ana Cristina Oliveira de
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5341111069893881
The paradigm of the rural development through globalization of agricultural markets has affected the diversity of natural resources and, on the condition of the rural settlements, this situation of loss becomes worse seen the heterogeneity of subjects and the existing structural difficulties. This work aims to analyze through native seeds the local conservation of agricultural biodiversity and the management carried out by the settled farmers in Olga Benário Settlement Project located in Sergipe. Two systems of different treatments were identified and, through indicators of low, medium and high levels of agroecosystem analysis was conducted. In large lots, crops which showed more diversity were the fava bean, maize, bean, cowpeas, cassava, bananas, yam and sweet potato. Highlighting the cultures of cassava which showed that seed exchange network established. The absence of an irrigation system and sufficient supply of fertilizer for the production have been identified as limiting factors for further integration of production. Farmers were presented as potential guardians of seeds, as noted in the analysis of the exchange of cassava manivas network which was more significant in relation to other cultures. The construction of Agroecology is seen as the way for the local knowledge reframing agriculture are transmitted, starting with the rescue of native seeds.
Obtenção e caracterização de nanocompósitos de poliuretano termoplástico reforçado com nanocristais de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-15)
Prataviera, Rogério
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Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5895158357997353
In this study the potential of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as a reinforcement of a thermoplastic polyurethane partially obtained from renewable sources (Bio-TPU) was investigated. The nanocomposites were obtained in the melt state and from solution casting. The CNC were obtained from acid hydrolysis of eucalyptus kraft pulp. They were freeze dried and used with and without surface treatment. Two types of surface treatment were employed: polymer grafting and oligomers grafting. Only the effectiveness of the second treatment could be confirmed by FTIR. CNC’ structural and geometric characteristics, crystallinity degree and thermal stability were determined by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The concentrations of CNC were varied between 0.1 and 5.0 wt %. The rheological properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated in the steady state and oscillatory measurements in order to evaluate the level of dispersion CNCs in TPU. The nanocomposites obtained by solution casting showed good dispersion. In the melt state, only those obtained with treated CNC showed good dispersion. The deformation and elastic recovery of the nanocomposites tests in the melt state were evaluated through creep and constrained recoil rheological essays. Their morphologies were studied by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was possible to prove the inclusion of CNC in TPU did not change its conformation. The nanocomposites were also characterized according to their: i) mechanical properties, through tensile tests, ii) thermal properties, by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and TGA, iii) thermo-mechanical properties, evaluated by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and iv) optical properties, through opacity the nanocomposites with 5.0 wt % of CNC shown better performance and similar results were found from solution casting and melt state processing techniques.
Preparação de vidros e vitrocerâmicas no sistema SbPO4-PbO-ZnO dopados com manganês e ferro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-15)
Siqueira, Renata Fernandes
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Nalin, Marcelo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349586880746735
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6645436997641022
In the present research project a new glass composition containing SbPO4 ZnO PbO was obtained by melt quenching technique. After a brief study of the matrix, a composition was chosen and doped with MnO e Fe2O3 in quantities varying from 0 to 20 mol%. The next step was to perform a heat treatment above glass transition temperature in order to produce glass-ceramics from the obtained glasses. Then, the vitreous materials were characterized by thermal analysis (DSC), and the structural study of the materials was done using absorbance spectroscopy in the UV-vis-NIR and Raman, besides the electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and fluorescence measurements. Refractive index was measured by M-Lines spectroscopy. The new materials were also characterized by X ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopic and scanning (SEM) and transmission electronic microscopic (TEM). Finally, magnetic measurements were performed in a magnetic force microscope (MFM). The prepared glass samples have a high refractive index and thermal stability over 100 °C, which may be interesting for optical fiber synthesis. After addition of the paramagnetic metals (Mn, Fe), the thermal stability increased even more. The optical analysis of the manganese doped glasses showed that the ions are in the Mn2+ oxidation state, but after heat treatment the color of the glass changes since a small amount of the dopant cation is oxidized to Mn+3 and some magnetism characteristic may be observed. Even though the optical properties were not good with addition of manganese and iron, the sample showed a significant magnetic response. These results of magnetic analysis are promising for the advance of spin-photonics and may be suitable to design devices for information storage.
O fazer do intérprete educacional: práticas, estratégias e criações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-16)
Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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LACERDA, C. B. F. de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
This research aimed to analyze and discuss the work of the Educational Interpreter (IE), which is a recent professional in our country, and the currently researches on their performance in the classroom are incipient in order to better understanding of the practices, strategies and creations in the process of translation and language interpretation to/from Brazilian Sign Language. This thesis aimed to uncover what is behind the work of interpretation from one language to another, what factors influence either positively or negative, the performance of the IE, considering the authorship, the another s discourse, the polysemy of the language involved, and, specially, the creation or transcreation. This research is based on Bakhtinian theoretical frameworks (2009, 2010), because we believe that the language is a concrete activity and is related to life and its character is dialogic. It is not possible the understanding of the IE performance unless with unique acts, which are possible in a specific time and space with real interlocutors that enunciate and expect answers. In order to embrace the entire events surrounding the IE s work (even aware of the impossibility of it), this research were conducted as a qualitative investigation influenced by microethnographic approach. The data collection was done over the second semester of 2011 and it s been observed four IE during their work in four different classrooms, whose classes were taught by three teachers from the final years of elementary school in an Inclusive Educational Program school and bilingual teaching for deaf. In order to tape-record the natural and quotidian situations of the translation process conducted by the IEs we followed the classes and everything that happened during the classes. From the data collected it has selected nine episodes to be analyzed, which were divided into three main axes, titled: the collective construction of knowledge in a context of dialogue-education ; narrative supported by imagetic representations . The analysis and reflections on the IE s performance led us to the construction of a thesis that the work of Educational Interpreter is not restricted to the utterances translation and interpretations. Its daily practices go beyond this aspect. The Educational Interpreter is co-author of the discourses delivered by teachers in classroom. We assume that the classroom context is so complex that the teachers utterances would be untranslated (as some on the translation field authors have said), not because of linguistics issues or by their way of presentation, but because of lots of elements involved. Finally, we list some notes that were relevants to the Educational Interpreters training in order to contribute to these professionals from new perspectives.
Síntese, caracterização e estudo de nanômeros de silício como reforço mecânico em resinas acrílicas a base de PMMA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-07-17)
Lourenço, Rodrigo Vinicius
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Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2428327594608532
The search for improvements in material properties has been studied extensively and fabrication of polymeric nanocomposites stands out for having excellent mechanical properties. In this work, silicon nanomers were prepared by solgel process and grafted in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix by powderliquid polymerization, a very common process in prosthodontic procedures to polymerize acrylic resins. Two different types of nanomers were prepared: nanoparticles of silicon dioxide (NPs SiO2) from the tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as precursor and molecules of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) from the methyl trimethoxysilane (MTMS), both using the silane coupling agent 3-(trimetoxisilil) propyl methacrylate (TMSPM) also as precursor. The nanomers were produced at different concentrations and embedded in the polymeric matrix after 1 and 7 days to form the PMMA/SiO2 and PMMA/POSS nancomposites. They showed different mechanical behavior with respect to present concentration in the matrix, for PMMA/SiO2 nanocomposites best results were obtained for flexural strength, flexural modulus, yield strength and surface microhardness at low concentrations (less than 1%), while PMMA/POSS with about 1,5% presented better results for flexural strength, flexural modulus and microhardness. In addition, there was a decline to almost all the observed results for the nanocomposites prepared after 7 days compared to those prepared after 1 day, regardless of nanomer and concentration.