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Composição da fauna de mamíferos não voadores presente em um remanescente florestal no munícipio de Ribeirão Bonito, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-13) Dias, Willian Alexandre Ferreira; Garavello, Júlio César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8906511795425295
The São Paulo State is suffering an urban and rural expansion that has been causing fragmentation and isolation of Cerrado domain in forest remaining. Most of these occupied areas in São Paulo State have put the vertebral animals, mainly the mammals, in danger. The aim of this study was do the mastofauna survey present in a forest fragment with 260 ha located in Ribeirão Bonito municipality in this State, relate this fauna with the vegetation that compose the forest fragment and collect biological data and information about mastofauna conservation. Were performed 33 field visits for the sampling and the methodology consisted in mammals observations and capture. The observations were made by active search, allowing research mammals of medium and large size, and the mammals capture utilized pitfall for small mammals study, both carried out in the period between February 20013 and January 2014. The studied fragment can be classified as a transition area among Cerradão and Semideciduous forest, where were identified 114 plant species. Were identified 16 species of non-flying mammals of various sizes, ranging from small to large, and grouped in 10 families (Didelphidae, Canidae, Felidae, Procyonidae, Dasypodidae, Cricetidae, Hydrochoerinae, Cervidae, Tapiridae and Atelidae) belonging to seven orders (Didelphimorphia, Carnivora, Cingulata, Rodentia, Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla and Primates). Among this species identified in the study area, highlight sensitive species to anthropic pressure like Tapirus terrestris e Lycalopex vetulus. Analysis showed influence of plant species composition and richness in the distribution of small mammals within the forest fragment studied.
Mineração de genes em regiões genômicas bovinas associadas à resistência ao carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-13) Catoia, Vitor; Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8745400308294828
The Brazilian cattle industry is presented as highlighted on the world stage and the significant participation of this productive sector in the economy means that there is concern with production losses, among which stands out those caused by infestation of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, main ectoparasite vector cattle and various diseases. The genetic variability for resistance to the cattle tick shows that this trait can be genetically improved. For the execution of this work, it was used a study of genome wide association (GWAS) for resistance to Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, performed by Dr. Fernando Flores Cardoso, with 260 Hereford and 500 Braford animals. The monitoring of the infestation was accomplished by counting tick females larger than 4.5 mm from one of the animal's body side, and the degree of infestation was evaluated for each animal by averaging at least two consecutive counts, with intervals of approximately thirty days, in the months of highest incidence of the parasite. The animals were genotyped using a 50K SNP chip, and it was found a total of 37,346 SNPs that passed in quality test. Among these markers, 178 showed significant effects and allowed the mining of 175 genes in these regions, at an interval of 200 Kb (100 Kb for each side of each marker). Most of these polymorphisms associated with the trait is located in regions without defined functions (intronic and intergenic), and only one of them is located in the splicing region. The most significant regions of the GWAS were identified on chromosomes 7, 21 and 23, which were found 72 genes in linkage disequilibrium with the molecular markers. Therefore, a functional annotation of the genes on these 3 chromosomes was performed, allowing the choice of 11 candidate genes for the study of various metabolic pathways in which they are inserted. Among these pathways, the most important are those related to immune responses, secretion and intracellular transport, calcium influx and epidermal growth and differentiation.