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Insight : uma abordagem guiada pela informação para análise qualitativa com suporte de visualização e mineração de texto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-25) Hernandes, Elis Cristina Montoro; Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0950017449730821
Usually, experimental studies that are conducted to generate evidences on the different scientific fields produce many qualitative data to be analyzed by researchers. For instance, this is the case of defects lists generated from the software inspection activity, which defects consist of qualitative data that should be discussed and classified. This scenario was experienced during the Readers Project, where defects lists have token long time to be analyzed, sometimes hours or days, making the decisions about defects difficult. Moreover, feedback questionnaires deserved a careful analysis, since they carried relevant information about the experimental study. Aim: Driven by the described situation this research aimed to support the qualitative analysis conduction in an information-guided way, using visualization and text mining techniques to enable it. This approach allows software inspection defects described similarly be analyzed together, due to the use of these techniques, which may allow the homogeneity of the decisions about them. The same happens in the context of feedback questionnaires. Methodology: Based on the objective, the ways that visualization and text mining could contribute to become qualitative analysis more effective and efficient were investigated and designed. Considering it, the Insight tool was developed to enable the information-guided qualitative analysis. Experimental studies were conducted to validate and evaluate the approach on different contexts. Results: Four experimental studies were conducted: (i) a feasibility study conducted with text documents which gave evidences that the use of visualization and text mining met previous expectations and was feasible to be employed; (ii) a study in the context of software inspection which, although the quantitative data did not present statistical significance, the descriptive statistics and feedback questionnaires analysis gave evidences that visualization and text mining makes the qualitative analysis effective and efficient; (iii) a study in the context of questionnaires, which results were similar to the previous study; (iv) a case study in the context of qualitative analysis of long text documents which gave evidences about the utility and ease of use of the approach. Conclusion: Under the different contexts of evaluation, the Insight, an information-guided qualitative analysis approach that is based on visualization and text mining, gave evidences about the improvements on efficiency and effectiveness. Adding to its relevance in software engineering area, this research also contributes to other scientific fields, which often claim for technological support to conduct their research.
Desenvolvimento de filmes de carboximetilcelulose com nanopartículas de prata e avaliação de sua atividade antimicrobiana e toxicidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-25) Furlanetto, Maria Célia Siqueira; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4909984450124700
One alternative for new packagings is the use of renewable materials as raw materialin the development of films, with the challenge of maintaining the quality of the product. Polysaccharides are abundant and renewable origin, and its derivatives, such as carboxymethylcellulose, widely used in the food industry, have potential use as new materials in the form of films. However, there are challenges adequacies of mechanical properties and incorporation of new features (as antimicrobial) in carboxymethylcellulose films to make her suitable for packaging use. A promising system to modify the characteristics of these films is the incorporation of nanostructures. However, in Brazil there is no legislation to nanomaterials and the increased use of this technology, it is important to value the impact of these new materials from development to the final consumer, to better direct the search. In this context, the objective of this study was to develop carboxymethylcellulose films with PVA-silver nanoparticlesand evaluate their antimicrobial activity and toxicity. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized and incorporated in carboxymethylcellulose, via solution, obtaining films by casting. The following techniques to characterize films/solutions were used: spectrophotometry UV-Vis, Analysis of Particle Size, Zeta Potential, Water Vapor Permeability, Infrared Spectrophotometry, Thermal Analysis (Thermogravimetry and Differential Scanning Calorimetry), Mechanical Testing Tensile, Film Solubility in Water, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM / FEG) and Colorimetry. Generally, the addition of nanoparticles modified the characteristics of films, increasing mechanical properties at 66.7%. Evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the nanostructured system by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and inhibition zone, using Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli).MIC values showed the high effectiveness of the incorporation of the nanoparticles of CMC films (0,12^g mL-1), demonstrating the potential of this material for use in antimicrobial packages. In valuation of the toxicity of this nanostructured system, in vivo tests were performed in cultured cells (cyto and genotoxicity in Allium cepa), ingestion in Wistar rats and ecotoxicity in microcrustacean Daphnia similis. In meristematic cells of A. cepa, no result of cytotoxicity was verified in A. cepa. The analysis of chromosomal aberrations indicated predominance of abnormalities such as bridges chromosome in anaphase, verifying a clastogenic action of PVA-silver nanoparticles. Tests with rats have suggested the toxicity of nanostructured system, causing vacuolation in the liver and intestine crypt dilation, with accumulation of PVA-silver nanoparticles in ileum. Results of ecotoxicity have suggested a toxic potential of silver nanoparticles to aquatic invertebrates (CE5024 and 48 h equal to 0,0015 e 0,0012^g mL-1, respectively). The results of this study indicate that, even at low concentrations, PVA-silver nanoparticles can induce cellular damage in exposed organisms. Due to its increasing use, these data reinforce the importance of performing studies with silver nanoparticles as part of nanostructured systems.
Uma porta, várias saídas: análise do processo de reorientação da atenção à saúde mental de pessoas com transtorno mental em conflito com a lei através do Programa de Atenção Integral ao Louco Infrator (PAILI)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-08-25) Costa, Lucio; Leite, Kelen Christina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1659051697095067; Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270; Mendonça, Viviane Melo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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