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Autoestima, ansiedade e depressão em homens submetidos à prostatectomia radical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-02)
Soares, Glaucia Bueno
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Napoleão, Anamaria Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0684992933329340
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer between men, and, despite the high incidence rate, has a good prognosis if diagnosed and treated early. Radical prostatectomy is considered the gold standard treatment, but it can cause complications, such as urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, urethral stenosis and injury of the rectum. It might also lead to psychological effects, due to the prostate cancer diagnosis itself and also surgical complications, which can cause symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as loss of self-esteem. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate self-esteem, anxiety and depression among men who went through radical prostatectomy. This was a cross sectional study with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 40 men who had been submitted to radical prostatectomy from 3 months to 5 years prior to this analysis, and which were treated in two different outpatient services. Two instruments were used for data collection, an instrument of socio-demographic, clinical and economic analysis, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, in order to evaluate self-esteem, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), to evaluate anxiety and depression. The average age of the men who volunteered to this study was 65.42 years (±6.66), with average post-prostatectomy time of 21.85 months (±12.91). They presented high self-esteem rate (24.37 ± 3.92) and low anxiety (4.96 ± 3.14) and depression (3.70 ± 3.03) scores. The group with men who were between 50 and 59 years old showed lower self-esteem rates (20.86, p = 0,014). The individuals who had been diagnosed with depression had higher average age (74.00, p = 0.037) and lower self-esteem (13.00, p = 0.005). It was also observed negative correlation, of moderate magnitude, and with statistical significance, between self-esteem and the following factors: time after prostatectomy (r = -0.326), anxiety (r = -0.385) and depression. There was also a positive correlation, of moderate magnitude, between anxiety and depression (r = 0.529), with statistically significant. It is possible to conclude that these men achieved good self-esteem, anxiety and depression, and also that these variables are correlated. Only self-esteem, however, presented correlation with the post prostatectomy time.
Avaliação da função cardíaca in vitro do cascudo Hypostomus regani (IHERING, 1905) e dos efeitos da exposição a concentrações subletais do pesticida Fipronil (REGENT 800WG®)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-03)
Ferro, Lucas de Abreu
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3051495446278178
Fipronil (Fpn) is a phenyl-pyrazolic insecticide widely used for pest control in agriculture and livestock. It can be applied in very low doses as well as very high concentrations for the effective control of insects that show some resistance or tolerance to other families of insecticides. Fpn acts a blockers of chloride channels coupled to GABA and glutamate receptors, the latter are insect-specific targets not present in vertebrates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects on cardiac function of Hypostomus regani. of acute exposure (96 h) to sublethal concentrations (4.23 μ.Kg-1) of the pesticide Fpn, mixed into an artificial sediment. There was no difference in relative ventricular mass of the control group when compared to the group exposed to the Fpn. Ventricular strips from the Fpn exposed group exhibited showed higher twitch force (TF) and lower relationships between time-dependent variables and TF (time to peak tension - TPT/TF, and time to half relaxation - THR/TF) in response to increases in the frequency of stimulation or elevations of Ca2+ in physiological solution. Additionally, the exposed group maintained TF until a frequency of 2.6 Hz, while the TF of controls was only maintained until 2.0 Hz. Neither group showed potentiation of TF after non-physiological diastolic pause, indicating that the sarcoplasmic reticulum (RS) is not functional for contractility in this species. Corroborating that result, Western blots showed that SERCA2 was not expressed in either experimental group, these results indicate that the Ca2+ provided for ventricular contraction of H. regani is of extracellular origin. The replacement of NaCl with LiCl in saline caused negative inotropy in the exposed group, additionally, increments of Ca2+ caused positive inotropism in this group, indicating that the cardiotonic effect and greater contraction dynamics caused by exposure to Fpn were probably due to an increased expression and / or activity of NCX. Blocking of Na+/K+ pump led to a negative inotropism in both groups, presumably due to an overload of intracellular Ca2+. The cardiac pump capacity (CPC) of the exposed group was higher than the control group at all stimulation frequencies, probably due to increased activity and / or expression of NCX in the Fpn-exposed group.
Modelo e framework para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas analíticas de apoio ao ensino, aprendizagem e gestão educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Rosales, Gislaine Cristina Micheloti
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2711095051238550
The use of new information and communication technologies in education that go beyond the traditional Learning Management Systems (LMS), has generated a growing volume of data, making challenging and complex the analysis of data generated to meet the decision-making levels of teaching, learning and management. Despite high expectations for data analysis in education, current research in the area is focused more specifically on student data, processes and learning behaviors, even when the focus of the research is to improve the teaching or actions at the institutional level. In order to facilitate and extend the process of data analysis in the areas of teaching, learning and management for different stakeholders, this thesis presents a conceptual model that will guide the construction of educational analytical context aware applications that support educational decision making in the micro, meso and macro levels. The conceptual model proposes the collection of educational data from multiple, heterogeneous sources in a decentralized manner using logical and physical sensors. The Model supports analysis of data collected at three levels: descriptive analysis, predictive analysis and prescriptive analysis. The conceptual model was established from an open architecture framework, extensible and reusable, which offers a simpler and unified path for both the acquisition of user behaviors in online learning, and the modeling and analysis of the collected contexts. To validate the proposed conceptual model, three applications were developed, namely: ViTrackeR, to support self-regulated learning by providing visualization of data tracking and personalized recommendations; ViMonitor to support real-time, teams of teaching and academic management providing important information on students and tutors; and ViAssess, which provides support for secure assessments online. The conceptual model was evaluated and validated in a real environment (students, tutors, teachers and administrators). The framework was rated by both developers of educational and analytical tools and by expert researchers in the field of this research, obtaining very positive results. Evaluation results indicate that the proposed conceptual model supports the development of educational applications in the three analytical levels of decision making, micro, meso and macro, and also supports the three levels of analysis provided: descriptive, predictive and prescriptive.
Uso da terra e fragmentos de vegetação de Mata Atlântica na APA Tietê: subsídios para o planejamento ambiental e a gestão territorial.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Pinto, Bruna Gabriela de Carvalho
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0475151623322823
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Martines, Marcos Roberto
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
Considering that less than 11% of the brazilian Environmental Protection Areas have a Management Plan, the assessment of land use and the conflict in Permanent Preservation Areas can provide important results to the management of this Protected Area category, since the map of degraded Permanent Preservation Areas can be used as a guide for restoration actions. This research aimed to characterize the land use in APA Tietê, highlighting the conflict associated with Permanent Preservation Areas (Federal law n° 12.651 de 2012), in order to provide subsidies to the planning and land management. We have mapped land use through supervised automatic classification of RapidEye satellite image, and determined the land use conflicts with aid of software ArcGIS 10.2. We can conclude that APA Tietê has predominance of agricultural land uses, corresponding to 78.42% of the total protected area. This area is in critical condition to biodiversity conservation, since 76.43% of Permanent Preservation Areas consist of conflicting land uses. We have mapped 908 forest fragments, of which approximately 88% have areas smaller than 10 ha. 39.64% of these forest fragments have no neighbor fragment in a distance of 100 m. The native vegetation cover represents only 9.98% of the total area of the Environmental Protection Areas. The analysis of the hypothetical scenario showed that the restoration of Permament Preservation Areas can increase the size of the fragments and enhance landscape connectivity, in compliance with environmental legislation. Another alternative indicated to increase total vegetation cover in APA Tietê following legal increments is proposed for the restoration of the area through the establishment of Legal Reserves. In this context, through multicriteria analysis, we made a rank of all the territory of the Protected Area based on ecological relevance in order to give priority to some areas for the establishment of these protected areas. This work revealed the criticality of the current status of APA Tietê, especially towards its conservation objectives and offered alternatives, based on a scientific rigor to support the planning process of the protected area, at the local, state and national context.
Produção recombinante e caracterização de uma legumaína de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Buzolin, Ana Lígia
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447978292673924
Cysteine proteases (CPs) are proteolytic enzymes which have a cysteine residue at its active site. Plant legumains are CPs known as vacuolar processing enzymes and they play key roles in seed maturation, germination, senescence, stress response, programmed cell death during development and defense against pathogens. Although there are many studies about plant legumains, most of them is related to legumain functions in seeds of dicotyledonous. To date, only one legumain from sugarcane has been described. In this study, it was performed the characterization of a new sugarcane legumain, named CaneLEG2. The recombinant CaneLEG2 was produced in the heterologous expression system Pichia pastoris and its kinetic characterization showed that it exhibits self-activation and activity under acidic pH, which are common features of plant legumains. This study also demonstrated that the sugarcane cystatin CaneCPI-3 has a strong inhibition over the CaneLEG2 activity, suggesting that this cystatin may participate of the regulation of endogenous cysteine proteases. The results obtained in this work will support the understanding of the functions of CaneLEG2 and CaneCPI-3 in sugarcane.
A ideia é o valor mais importante no design: trabalho criativo no design gráfico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Silva, Glaucia Aparecida da
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2403072245365180
Given the changes caused by the so-called flexibilization of the work and production processes, the new analysis on the work category have aimed to understand its current settings and its effects on the daily lives of workers. Dynamism, versatility, engagement, selfmanagement, and creativity are just some of the values preached as ideals to be internalized by the workforce. The analysis of work in graphic design seems to indicate if these values are empirically experienced. We tried to analyze the configuration of the activity, the daily activities of this creative work, the personal and professional networks that determine the entry and stay in the sector, the contradictions between the individual creative potential of these workers against the demands of its customers as well as against the uncertainty and flexibility of this labor market. The work by projects, the intermittency of employment contracts, freelancing and the resulting instability are features that compose this activity despite all the glamor that the designation design brings. Nine semi-structured interviews with graphic designers, both actual and through virtual devices (email, Facebook and Skype), seven of them working in the interior of São Paulo, and two in the state capital were performed.
O riso do antropófago: cumplicidade e dissidência na estética de Oswald de Andrade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Bertelli, Giordano Barbin
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Pellegrini, Tânia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8423897663939012
This study proposes two main tasks: one of them aims at the exercise of experimenting a sociological perspective to fit the questioning of a certain general image regarding the social; the other task is to be consistent to the first, and links to an effort to pull the literary phenomenon to apprehend it from the Literature universe itself. In part, we tried to outline an approach to minimize the reifying effects that accompany the conception of social, when it overlays the primacy of order, stability and systematicity. On the other end, the essay of a literary text reading which, to some extent, took us to rethink the status of the expressive form in relation to other forms overall, the discussion of the properly political place occupied by the literary esthetics in discursive disputes on the definition of parameters regarding the order and the legitimate social life. The analytical focus is centered on poetic procedures of Oswald de Andrade s Anthropophagy, regarding its relations (firstly) with the paulista nationalism that was elaborated in the First Republic, and (secondly) with the expressive and performative regimes of marginalized groups. These regimes happened in the historical developments of the Abolition, the immigration and the urban expansion in São Paulo in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Upon the approach to humorous and obscene aspects of Oswaldian writings, we discuss the relationship between social process, subjectivity and literary elaboration, as a way to provide the access to the relationships between aesthetics and politics, without postulating a deterministic unilateralism of the social order over literature, and without reducing the literary aesthetics to politicalpamphleteering instrumentality.
Efeitos musculares promovidos pelo treinamento resistido em ratas ovariectomizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-04)
Canevazzi, Gustavo Henrique Rigo
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2240791238925455
Menopause is highly associated with the increase of several metabolic disorders. In addition menopause promotes accelerated loss of muscle strength and mass, process known as sarcopenia, generating a deleterious role in the performance of physical functions. In this sense, resistance training has been recommended for the treatment of numerous diseases associated with menopause, as well as sarcopenia, as a nonpharmacological intervention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the resistance training using the vertical ladder as a model on the muscle cross-sectional area and the percentage of muscle fiber types in the plantaris muscle of intact or ovariectomized rats and/or under hormone reposition therapy. Holztman adult female rats were distributed in 7 groups: Sham operated sedentary (Sham-Sed), Sham operated resistance trained (Sham-Tr), Ovariectomized sedentary (Ovx-Sed), Ovariectomized resistance trained and hormone reposition (Ovx-Tr-TRH), Ovariectomized sedentary and hormone reposition (Ovx-TRH), Ovariectomized resistance trained (Ovx-Tr), Ovariectomized and placebo reposition (Ovx-TRH-Pl). During a 12-week resistance training the animals climbed the vertical ladder of 1.1m with weights attached to their tails. Each session was carried out every 72 hours with 4-9 climbs. The ovariectomy promoted a reduction in cross-sectional area of the type I and II fiber when compared to Sham-Sed group, whereas the resistance training in the ovariectomy (Ovx-Tr group) was able to increase the cross-sectional area of the two fiber types (p<0.05). Moreover, TRH did not prevent the reduction of cross-sectional area of the type II fiber however it attenuated the reduction in cross-sectional area of type I fiber. The ovariectomy, hormone reposition and resistance training had no effect into promote alterations in the absolute number of muscle fiber types of the plantaris muscle and there was no correlation in the percentage of fiber muscle types. Our results indicate that resistance training can be a useful tool to prevent skeletal muscle mass reduction induced by ovariectomy.
Comparação do tratamento crônico com inibidor da síntese de óxido nítrico ou fluoxetina sobre as alterações cardiovasculares e do tipo depressivas induzidas pelo estresse crônico variável em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-05)
Almeida, Jeferson de
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Crestani, Carlos Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141647386370567
Here we compared effects of chronic treatment with the preferential nNOS inhibitor 7- nitroindazole (7-NI) with those evoked by the conventional antidepressant fluoxetine on alterations taken as markers of depression (immobility in the forced swimming test(FST), decreased body weight gain, and increased plasma corticosterone) and cardiovascular changes evoked by the chronic variable stress (CVS) in rats. For this, male rats were exposed to a 14- days CVS protocol while being concurrently treated with either 7-NI or fluoxetine. Fluoxetine and 7-NI prevented increased immobility in the FST induced by CVS and reduced plasma corticosterone in stressed rats. Both treatments also prevented CVS-evoked reduction on depressor response to vasodilator agents and baroreflex changes. Nevertheless, none of pharmacological treatments affected body weight reduction induced by CVS. Furthermore, fluoxetine reduced body weight gain in unstressed animals. Fluoxetine and nNOS blockade also induced cardiovascular changes independent of stress exposure, including increase on cardiac parasympathetic tone, intrinsic heart rate, and vascular sympathetic modulation; reduction in sympathetic activity to the heart and the pressor response to vasoconstrictor agents, and impairment of baroreflex activity. These findings provide evidence that both fluoxetine and 7-NI prevent depression-like behavioural changes and cardiovascular dysfunctions associated with CVS. Furthermore, both pharmacological treatments caused cardiovascular changes that were independent of stress exposure, some being beneficial and other potentially increasing vulnerability to development of cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the body weight reduction induced by fluoxetine treatment is especially important considering the weight loss related to depression.
Spatial and temporal influences of road duplication on wildlife road kill using habitat suitability models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-05)
Ciocheti, Giordano
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Ribeiro, Milton Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4158685235743119
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6803662982558040
Urban growth and population growth led to the construction of a gigantic road network around the world. This network is responsible for several impacts on fauna, flora and the environment, such as road kill, isolation of populations, facilitating the establishment of invasive species, river siltation, among others. However, although road ecology has advanced recently, there are still many gaps on how roads affect fauna, as little is known about how effects of changing the structure of highways can modify animal-vehicle collisions. This study aims to evaluate some of the impacts of roads on species of medium and large mammals in fragmented and naturally heterogeneous landscapes. Using a functional group approach based on animal sensitivity to disturbance and displacement capacity, I set out to answer three questions, one in each chapter: 1) the contribution of various landscape indices to predict wildlife road kill; 2) highway duplication and the implementation of wildlife crossing structures alter animal road kill; 3) duplication of roads change the way fauna road kill is correlated with the landscape metrics. To answer the first and third questions, we have developed innovative methods combining road kill data with a multi-scale approach with landscape metrics involving quantity and distance of various landscape elements, such as natural vegetation, cerrado, water, forestry and sugar cane. This method proposed was derived from habitat suitability model, and proved very promising for estimating the probability of animal road kill. Each functional group of species responded differently to landscape elements. Distance and amount of vegetation has been more important to estimate road kill probability of more sensitive mammals, but the amount of sugar cane also contributed to these results. The proposed method is highly replicable and can be easily applied in other regions with other taxa. The second question was addressed in an analytical way, with a conventional hypothesis testing approach. We found that, in general, there was no significant difference between road kill before and after road duplication. However, when considering the functional groups, and even species, some changes were significant for both increasing and reducing road kill. We also found that the proximity of wildlife crossing structures to road kill records did not reduce the frequency of animal-vehicle collision, indicating that such mitigation measures may not have been appropriate to reduce animal road mortality. Finally, in the third chapter we have proposed a new approach to estimate the changes in animal road kill probability before and after duplication of highways. In this chapter we recorded an increase in the probability of road kill after duplication for generalist species with high mobility. The methods proposed here are easy to implement in several actions related to roads, both for seeking their structural improvement and for making them more sustainable for biodiversity.
Estudos estruturais e ensaios biológicos de proteínas codificadas por genes de micro-exon (MEG) de Schistosoma mansoni
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-05)
Alves, Natália Oliveira
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Marco, Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0229339143607870
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5397307262243397
Schistosoma mansoni is the causative agent of Schistosomiasis, reaching 249 million people in 78 countries. It is believed that this infection is successful due to modulation of the host immune system through proteins secreted by the parasite. Recently a class of proteins derived from micro-exon genes (MEGs) was observed in proteomic analyses of schistosomula and egg secretions of S. mansoni, and also associated with glands of several stages of the parasite life. Furthermore, they found that none of these proteins showed similarity to proteins of organisms from other genres. In this context, aim of this work was the structural study, the search for protein partners and biological assays seeking possible roles for the proteins encoded by genes of micro-exons of S. mansoni: MEG-5, MEG-8.2 e MEG-12. For structural characterization studies we used MEG-5 protein expressed by heterologous system (the expression of MEG-8.2 protein was not obtained) and initially performed tests Circular Dichroism (CD). This essay revealed the predominance of one disordered structure due to the presence of a negative peak in the ranges of 180-200mm and the presence of lower intensity peaks in the range 220- 240mm, indicating that part of the protein may present structure. Such structure was observed in the secondary structure predictions performed in SOPMA and Jpred3 programs, wherein the presence of a predicted alpha-helix in the C-terminal region. To confirm this fact, we performed an analysis of the maximum emission of tryptophan fluorescence by the technique of intrinsic fluorescence, because the protein has a single tryptophan present in the probable alpha-helical region. We note that the maximum fluorescence emission is at 330mm, indicating that it is in more hydrophobic environment. After the structural characterization of MEG-5 protein we seek partners through the assay two-hybrid system performing a scan on leukocyte cDNA libraries, yielding two possible partners. The CHMP1B protein was the one that drew the most attention in for being part of the formation of vesicular body and be related to the processes of antigen presentation. The synthetic peptide MEG-12 has a peculiar characteristic of an amphipathic helix predicted by Jpred3 program, and hemolytic character. This action was best observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to be verifies in a clear disruption of the membrane to the breakup. The peptide is secreted into the esophagus may region associated with the digestion of erythrocytes made by the parasite. Therefore, these two proteins are shown to be important in the host-parasite relationship and possible targets for drugs or creation of more efficient vaccines.
Produção recombinante e caracterização de duas cistatinas de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-05)
Miguel, Mariana Cardoso
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Silva, Flávio Henrique da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7103812372342719
Cystatins are reversible inhibitors of cysteine peptidases. The cystatins found in plants are called phytocystatins, and represent an independent subfamily of the cystatins superfamily. Some studies have reported significant pleiotropic effects for recombinant cystatins expressed in transgenic plants, notably including tolerance phenotypes against attack of herbivorous arthropods and pathogens, and against abiotic and biotic stresses. Besides, the recombinant sugarcane cystatin, CaneCPI-4, showed potential to inhibit development of melanoma cells. Thus, the study and knowledge about phytocystatins, become interesting from agricultural and medicinal point of view. The sugarcane genome project (SUCEST) allowed the identification of about 25 putative cystatins in this plant, which were gathered in 4 groups, by phylogenetic analysis. In this study, we propose a new classification for the putative cystatins found in the SUCEST database. Furthermore, we describe the heterologous expression, purification and characterization of two novel sugarcane cystatins, CaneCPI-5 and CaneCPI-6, which showed different inhibitory activities against human cathepsin B. While protein CaneCPI-6 was not able to inhibit this enzyme efficiently (Ki = 1,83 μM), the protein CaneCPI-5 showed a good inhibitory capacity against the same enzyme (Ki = 6,87 nM). The CaneCPI-5 cystatin was also analyzed against recombinant cathepsin L from the beetle Sphenophorus levis (rSl-CathL), and showed a good inhibitory capacity against this enzyme (Ki = 0,059 nM). Finally, both of proteins, CaneCPI-5 and CaneCPI-6, proved to be thermostable when kept at 100°C for 30 minutes.
Diversidade e estrutura genética de Pilosocereus jauruensis : uma cactácea restrita aos enclaves de vegetação xérica no entorno do bioma Pantanal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-08)
Godoy, Mariana Ortiz de
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2155551441562686
Studies focusing on genetic diversity and population structure of naturally fragmented taxa are of conservation concern. Such fragmented populations are more subject to endogamy and genetic diversity erosion due to the pronounced effects of isolation and genetic drift. Pilosocereus jauruensis is a columnar cactus species restricted to patches of xeric vegetation on rock outcrops occurring around the Pantanal biome in southwestern South America. This species has been recently resurrected from synonymy with P. machriisi in the P. AURISETUS species group, and three taxa (P. paraguayensis, P. saudadensis e P. densivillosus) are synonymized with P. jauruensis in the current taxonomy. The present study aims to investigate the genetic population structure of P. jauruensis and identify possible distinct population segments within this species. We used data from four SSR markers in 157 individuals of six P. jauruensis populations and 49 individuals of two populations of P. vilaboensis, a related species occurring close to P. jauruensis populations in central Brazil. Furthermore, nucleotide variation in two plastid intergenic spacers (trnSGCU-trnGUCC and trnT-trnL) was investigated in four to five samples of each population. The indices FST e G”ST for SSR data in P. jauruensis was 0.201 and 0.559 respectively, revealing high levels of genetic differentiation among populations. Three haplotypes (Hd 0.663) of P. jauruensis with six polymorphic sites were found in the cpDNA. NJ dendograms showed similar relationships using SSR and cpDNA markers. Two populations, occurring in the same geographic region of the invalid taxa P. saudadensis were highly differentiated from other P. jauruensis populations. The cpDNA haplotype found in the northernmost P. jauruensis population was closely related with P. vilaboensis haplotypes. Also, two populations, occurring in the same geographic region of the invalid taxa P. densivillosus were highly differentiated from other P. jauruensis populations. These results were incongruent with the current taxonomic circumscription of P. jauruensis and suggest the presence of distinct taxa within this species.
Efeito do Treinamento Corretivo Postural (TCP®) sobre a glicemia de jejum, hemoglobina glicada e cortisol em mulheres diabéticas de 44 a 55 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-09)
Wenzel, Isabel Cristina
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6950838204692169
It is well established in the literature that the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may be related to physical inactivity, high fat diet, stress, weight gain, in addition to advanced age. Consequently, some studies show that the search for a better quality of life through exercise and balanced diets are increasing beyond the control of metabolic markers related to diabetes, preventing complications of the disease and excess free radicals. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of TCP® in people with T2DM, associated to the diet, in a targeted manner, evaluating: lipid profile, uric acid, fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin and cortisol. We selected 21 women between 44-55 years old, that were divided into four groups: diabetic sedentary (SD); diabetic exercised (ED); exercised normal (EN); and normal sedentary (NS). Was used as the intervention TCP® with a frequency of 3 times/week, 1 hour per day, at 20 weeks, which was monitored throughout the study period, associated to the the diet. Blood samples were collected pre and post intervention, to perform the measurements of cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, uric acid, glucose, cortisol, and glycated hemoglobin. Compared are the results before (b) and after (a) was used: - non-parametric Wilcoxon and Friedman; and - delta (%), which was used to determine the intra-individual variation uniformly. Results: There were no significant differences in the variables analyzed in this study, except glycated hemoglobin in the ED group, which showed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). In intragroup comparison, when using the percentage delta, major clinical changes were obtained mainly in the exercised groups, considering that many of the values found returned to normal reference values. Final considerations: the protocol TCP® method associated with the diet was effective in improving the parameters analyzed evidence, making important clinical changes in diabetics who exercised. Examples of this were the clinical changes, with statistical difference in plasma levels of glycated hemoglobin in the ED, important for the prevention of complications of the disease factor.
Ovariectomia e treinamento resistido: influência na morfologia e angiogênese do tecido adiposo visceral de ratas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-09)
Gatto, Camila do Valle Gomes
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Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234382758828016
Ovariectomy in animals (surgical removal of ovaries) is a model used to mimic the menopause in women. The ovarian hormone deficiency alters the lipid profile, increases inflammation and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, sarcopenia, osteopenia, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Resistance training (RT) has been used as a non-pharmacological tool to prevent or reverse the postmenopausal effects. However, there are few studies evaluating the ovariectomy (Ovx) and RT effects on the morphology and angiogenesis of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the Ovx and RT influence at the size and adipocytes number, gene expression and VEGF-A protein levels and microvessel density in VAT of rats. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n=6 per group): Sham-operated sedentary (Sham-Sed), ovariectomized sedentary (Sed-Ovx), Sham-operated resistance training (Sham-Tr) and ovariectomized resistance training (Ovx- Tr). During the resistance training period, the animals climbed a 1.1m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails, which were progressively increased; the sessions were performed three times a week, with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb with intervals of 2 minutes between climbs. Histological analysis was performed to analyze vascular micro density and morphology of VAT; gene expression and VEGF-A protein levels were analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Ovx resulted in higher body weight, adipocyte hypertrophy, decreased both VEGF-A mRNA and protein and VEGF-R2 mRNA expression, and decreased the micro vascular density in the VAT of sedentary rats. However, RT was not able to prevent any changes induced by ovariectomy. The data indicated that Ovx impaired the morphology and angiogenesis of rats VAT and that RT protocol adopted did not prevent these changes. We suggest future studies performing adaptations in this resistance training program, associated or not to hypocaloric diet and treatment with estradiol.
Etnografia no movimento: território, hierarquia e lei no PCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-09)
Biondi, Karina
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9293354732484739
The First Command of the Capital (PCC), approached here as a Movement, appeared in São Paulo s prisons in the early 1990s and today is present in the majority of penal institutions and urban areas within the State of São Paulo. This approach taken here has two important implications for the thesis. Firstly, it demands reflection on an ethnography in motion. Secondly, instead of conduce to the exposure of forms, it required to make the description of the PCC-making. Thus, this thesis concerns the modes of doing PCC and ethnography. Methods therefore. The seemingly abstract notions that gave name to the parts of this thesis (motion, idea and situation), associated with others that were called to make the descriptions, they all show a (mobile) way of existing and seeing this existence which can be called PCC. Inspired by this practice of knowledge, this thesis presents the description (1) of the movement, composed of countless movements that, refusing spatial demarcations, lead to a critique of the notion of territory; (2) of the ideas, which, without defined origin and predictable or definitive end, bring into question the ways in which the concept of hierarchy are worked in the social sciences; (3) of the situations, which displace the notion of law to not legalistic bases. In short, this thesis presents some characteristics of PCC that allow to replace some key concepts to anthropology. These displacements give the title to this thesis: before naming what will be described, this title indicates what will be challenged by my description about the PCC.
Kunumi Rukara: uma etnografia dos terreiros de criança Asuriní
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-10)
Miranda, Xanda de Biase
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Cohn, Clarice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0762796382081241
The dissertation deals with how the Asurini from the Xingu conceive and produce their children and how their children portray themselves and the reality they see. The images of the fieldwork brought to the theoretical field, reveal the relationship between spaces, knowledge and skills, managed by men and women in manufacturing consanguineous bodies, prepared by and for the shamanism. It also approaches the matter of mobility of the groups of children in the space delimited from the ukara (yard), whitch serves as a cutting to the sociality, giving to each child the possibility of activate alternatively a net of relationships with people of its age group and/or genre, defined from the matrilineal or patrilineal branch. The remaining possible relationships out side of the ukara exist in the context of affinity and are built from the oppositions and contradictions. The debate about the importance of the kwasiat knowledge, term which designates as much the geometrical drawings as the writing, opens and closes the work, characterizing at the same time a representative visual code, a prophylactically art and a Assurini way of comprehension of the writing, which determines the place of the school education and highlights the complexity of the notion of “bilingualism and interculturalism” in this field.
A valorização dos desvalorizados: (des)encontros entre luta pela terra e cultura caipira no nordeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-10)
Pedrazolli Filho, Fernando
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800877120043632
This essay seeks to analyse the meanings of appreciation of the caipira culture, present at five editions of the National Meeting of Guitarists - conceived and organized by the Rural Landless Workers Movement [MST-SP], between the years 2003 and 2009 -, and its implications for the organizational process of the settlers of the Northeast of the State of São Paulo. Our main hypothesis points out that the appreciation of the caipira culture was configured as an organizational strategy of MST, directly related with the rooting of its settlers in a period in which the Movement sought to establish itself in the region of Ribeirão Preto a town that boasts the title of the national capital of agribusiness. This process occurred in reaction to the social derogatory imagery about the caipira, hegemonic during the last century, and that under the dual thinking, started to be considered the typical representative of the Brazilian archaic rural past , this is, the antithesis of the modernization process of the country. The theoretical framework of this research is critical to this school of thought - held by the Paulista Sociological School - which was responsible for interpreting the caipira and its culture from the historical-dialectical movement manifested, specifically, in the type of capitalist development adopted in Brazil. By observing the recent movements of appreciation of caipira culture, one of which we consider to be the empirical field of this work, we reaffirm the relevance of this debate. The method of observation and data collection is based on two sources: a documental one, which refers to the interviews carried on the Meetings of Guitarists aiming to build part of the event memory; and another one, result of our fieldwork done in a settlement of the region in which we conducted semi-structured interviews with settlers who actively participated in the design and construction of the National Meeting of Guitarists. We believe that this research brought important elements to think critically about the caipira culture not only as the survival of a past to be appreciated, but as part of a concrete historical process which, in the present, acts in a contradictory reality of agrarian reform settlements.
Da hegemonia a uma conjuntura de crise política (1929- 1932): a participação paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-10)
Piccoli, Matheus
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8306117216444997
The First Republic (1889-1930) is known for the existence of federalism, the domain of the state Republican Parties, and the economy focused on the production of coffee, the major export of the country until the Great Depression of 1929, which changed the dynamics the world economy. Policy frameworks in the last decade of the regime society, 1920's, there were major social disruption discharging in an untenable situation, resulting in a transformation of the political system after the victory of Julio Prestes. His candidacy, chosen by Washington Luís, and subsequently his election victory, to the disgust of mineira policy elite, gaucha and state oppositions. This disagreement was crucial to system fragmentation point, generating a new political organization in Brazil, entirely different from the republican period, based on an administrative centralization around the Union Therefore, this present study aims to study the role, mainly actors political São Paulo, the events related to the 1930 Revolution, and how it behaved before this milestone in Brazilian history. It seeks to understand for what reason federalism that benefited the State of São Paulo and his collapse affected his independence from other states achieved by the end of the Empire and Republic Day. Related to this central problem, three questions are appended: What is the reason Washington Luís have chosen a paulista candidate for his succession? He was acting as institutional norms of the period or your choice was precipitated, causing the acceleration of the decline of the system process? How to react to the political elite of São Paulo with this choice, both before and after the revolution? For this, the method of situational analysis is used. Through modeling of Brazilian society, observes the actions of individual actors in this moment of institutional crisis, to finally understand the motivations that contributed to the dissolution of the First Republic.
Modelo de mistura com dependência Markoviana de primeira ordem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-12)
Meira, Silvana Aparecida
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6806130522153613
We present the mixture model with first order dependence, MMM(1). This model corresponds to a redefinition of the hidden Markov model (HMM) where a non observable variable is used to control the mixture. The usual mixture model is a particular case of the MMM(1). The proposed redefinition makes easier the application of usual estimation tools as the EM algorithm. We present the maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators for the normal and binomial cases of the MMM(1) and usual mixture models. Simulation studies show the functionality of the proposed models and their estimators. And finally we present an application to a real data set for the binomial case.