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Um empreendedor de políticas públicas em ação:Bresser Pereira e a reforma da administração pública de 1995 no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-29)
Leite, Leonardo Queiroz
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Capella, Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245563194499
This study aims to understand and clarify the role of the former Minister of Federal Administration and State Reform (1995 1998), Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira, in the strategic position of the main formulator of the public management reform in Brazil. In this sense, we will provide a Reform explanation observing how the political and intellectual construction of this public policy directly derived from the persuasive action Bresser Pereira in exercising the "power of ideas". Here, we consider as essential the structural limits of the Ministry of Federal Administration and State Reform as the fundamental political and institutional locus for the formulation of policy reform. Thus, through the analysis of the profile and policy measures undertaken by the former minister Bresser, according to the theoretical framework adopted, with particular emphasis on the theoretical model of John Kingdon, we verify the existence of a typical policy entrepreneur in action. Therefore, we demonstrate that Bresser Pereira exercised the intellectual and political leadership at the time of construction and dissemination of the main principles of the o called "New Public Management" in Brazil, supporting the reform policy of the first Fernando Henrique Cardoso s administration. Our focus on the performance and characteristic profile of the chosen entrepreneur reveals that the individual action of the actors is an important dimension in public policy production process. Thus, we intend to contribute to enrich the academic production in the field of political science and its intersection with the area of public policy, filling analytical gaps about the performance of policy entrepreneurs, providing a new theoretical and empirical analysis research about the State Reform in Brazil.
Microcontrolador Arduino no ensino de física : proposta e aplicação de uma situação de aprendizagem sobre o tema luz e cor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-29)
Rubim Junior, Jackson Roberto
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Cavalcante, Marisa Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7224775081434545
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6396041270126324
This paper aims to propose the inclusion of the Arduino microcontroller in Physics classes in a public high school. To this intent, a learning situation on the theme Light and Color was suggested, based on meaningful learning and on the use of an interactive and easy to handle experiment. The daily life of students is packed with technologies that hold plenty of Physics’ concepts and applications. The intention to introduce the Arduino microcontroller in Physics classes was to arouse the curiosity and awaken in them the investigative character necessary to the study of Physics while they deal with technological elements that are part of their contemporary culture. The developed activity enables the investigation and allows students to participate more actively in their learning process. During the activity, groups of students tested some possibilities of light mixtures and the relationship between the incident light with the color of the light reflected by the objects. To record and learning verification purposes, a pretest, a posttest, a summative evaluation, teacher’s records and, lastly, a self-assessment were performed. It is possible to conclude that the activity was successful and has awakened the curiosity of the students, enabled conceptual growth and showed evidence of significant learning.
Proposta de novo método de aplicação da TENS e eficácia clínica em mulheres com dismenorréia primária: estudo controlado randomizado duplo cego
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-29)
Camilo, Fábio Mendes
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological technique used to relieve pain. In general, the literature states that the analgesic results obtained with TENS are true, but when subjected to a statistical analysis did not show significant, hindering the development of an efficient and statistically significant script for the application of TENS. For that, we developed strategies that may increase the analgesic effectiveness of TENS, suggest a new methodology for their application form, using in a primary dysmenorrhea pain model to test its effectiveness. Where the first two studies aimed to verify the potential analgesic of the proposed method (interactive TENS) in primary dysmenorrhea were performed. Volunteers (124) between 18 to 36 years old with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly allocated into two groups: (A) iTENS (n=62) and (B) placebo (n=62) received a single application in a single menstrual cycle. Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after application. Data were analyzed using independent t test to compare the effect of iTENS versus placebo (p <0.01). Results with VAS show a significant reduction in pain intensity for both groups: group A of 7.58 (± 1.36) before to 0.01 (± 0.05) after application and in group B 7.65 (± 1.28) to 7.0 (± 1.36). However, the total number of participants who received iTENS application, 93.5% reported effective analgesia, with an average duration of 8.5 hours, and 22.5% of them there was no return of dysmenorrhea during the next menstrual cycle. The second study aimed to examine the therapeutic effects of interactive TENS in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea, and verify that the concentration of salivary cortisol can be used as a quantitative tool as measurement of analgesia. Volunteers (36) between 18 to 36 years with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly allocated into two groups: Group A (n=17) received an application of iTENS in three menstrual cycles (consecutive) and Group B (n=19) received a placebo TENS application in a single menstrual cycle, wherein the duration of each application was 35 minutes. The evaluation was accomplished through the following analysis: pain intensity was assessed by VAS; salivary cortisol level by electrochemical-luminescence; physical discomfort associated with dysmenorrhea by Smith Pregnancy Discomfort Intensity Index (SPADI); depressive state, by the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck Depression Inventory) (BDI) and quality of life with the WHOQOL-Bref. Data were statistically analyzed with the Statistica software, and the normality by Shapiro-Wilk test, pre and post treatment effects (both groups) by the nonparametric Wilcoxon test and comparison of data between groups after treatment adopted the non parametric test Mann-Whitney. The level of significance was 5% (p≤0.05). Comparing the results obtained analgesia between groups (after the first application), we notice a significant decrease (p<0.001) in VAS score in the group of iTENS, with an average duration of analgesia of 7.1 hours. There was an average reduction of salivary cortisol levels in volunteers from both groups, but the reductions intra-group and inter-group were not significant. Furthermore, treatment with the iTENS provided a significant reduction in the use of analgesic medications, the physical discomforts associated with dysmenorrhea and a real improvement in the quality of life of treated group (A). We can concluded that iTENS method besides being an effective palliative feature is also potentially curative for primary dysmenorrhea. The level of salivary cortisol is not adequate to evaluate the analgesic response in dysmenorrhea promoted by iTENS in pain index. However, other studies should be conducted with the aim to confirm these results.
Comportamento de tamanduá-mirim, Tamandua tetradactyla (Linnaeus,1758) (Pilosa, Myrmecophagidae) em condições de cativeiro: implicações ao bem-estar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-29)
Catapani, Mariana Labão
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9675860221566171
Modern zoos have an important role to play in conservation and there is a growing concern for animal welfare, not only by the expectation of the public , but also by increasing knowledge about the needs of animals in captivity . Increase the available alternatives of choice for the animal, the richness of his social life , the availability of new items in the room, the opportunities it has to perform more natural behaviors for the species are some of the strategies that are assumed to promote high levels welfare ( Young, 2003) .In this context, environmental enrichment techniques are developed . The social enrichment is one of the most durable types of enrichment, since the predictability and habituation are less likely to happen than with most other types of enrichment. The social environment of many species is a constant source of mental stimulation, with a complex and hard to be replaced by any other form of environmental enrichment ( Humphrey , 1976) variety. Thus, a factor considered important for the welfare of captive social animals is the presence of conspecifics sharing the same enclosure, but the social housing solitary species has received little attention from scientists in terms of their implications for the welfare. This study investigated the effect of different conditions of social housing on the behavior s display for 10 lesser anteaters ( Tamandua tetradactyla ) on captivity. It was found that paired animals were more active, showed more records of typical behavior and a greater variety of behaviors than the animals housed individually. These results suggest that contact with conspecifics in captive conditions can promote higher levels of psychological well -being for these animals.
Gênese do processo criativo de O Bravo Guerreiro, 1969, de Gustavo Dahl : o herói atônito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Bazanini, Julio Cesar
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3953600239623021
This research aims to study the creative process of the Brazilian film “O Bravo Guerreiro” (The Brave Warrior), 1969, Gustavo Dahl, from the analysis, description and comparison of the different versions of scripts and other peripheral documents belonged to the film. These files are deposited in “Cinemateca Brasileira” and many of them have not been officially cataloged. Thus one of the efforts of this paper will be to detail them seeking reach the poetic project of the author, revealing its esthetic and ethical principles of that moment. The theoretical support offered by academics in Critics of Creative processes will be the main tool for this task. We intend to use this material, the result of the comparative reading of scripts and other documents, to understand the Brazilian political and cultural context of the late 60's, taking as basis for such work theories that allows to think the examination of film documents, in addition to film, as a source for the writing of history.
Métodos históricos utilizados para a resolução de uma equação do segundo grau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Fernandes, Marcos Vinicius Ferreira
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Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4178170634113792
In this work we attempt to answer the question: Can the methods that great mathematicians have used for almost 4 thousand years of history be helpful in the learning process? With a few years of experience in 2nd degree equations, we realize that as soon as the students learn the popular and well-known Bháskara formula (continue...).
Ancinav: análise de uma proposta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Fernandes, Marina Rossato
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890049754171867
This research analyzes the proposal of creation of the National Agency of Cinema and Audiovisual (Ancinav), presented in 2004 by the Ministry of Culture in the form of a project. This was a large proposal that tried to cover the entire audiovisual sector, and not only the cinema. Through its measures, it tried to integrate the sector and upgrade its legislation, and stimulate independent and regional production. The dissertation describes and analyzes the context in which the proposal was written, its goals and its impact. After the analysis, hypotheses about the failure of the project, which was never sent to the Congress, are raised.
Transferência de controle da resposta de observação diferencial ecóica na tarefa MTS para relações emergentes de tato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Chereguini, Paulo Augusto Costa
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8435125810392522
In our lab, for over two decades we have designed and carried out studies that regard teaching and control of basic emerging verbal behavior. Functional independence of tact and mand, as well as responding as listener and speaker are some examples of research aims that caught our attention in the past eight years. In this context, the three articles presented here are a result of seven studies carried out as part of a doctoral research (article 1: studies 1 and 2; article 2: studies 3 to 5; article 3, studies 6 and 7) and feature the history of an experimental pursuit of variables that may account for the establishment of the listenerspeaker bidirectional relation. All three articles investigate the effects of echoic responding in MTS tasks that teach listener behavior and test the emergence of tact. Studies 1 through 5 (articles 1 and 2) carried out with adult participants set an investigative and preparatory condition for the following studies carried out with children with autism and with typical development who present poor verbal repertory. Article 1 aimed to compare the effects of traditional MTS procedures with a modified procedure that adds an echoic differential observing response (DOR) to auditory model stimuli when teaching listener relations and testing the emergence of tact. In article 2 we aimed to extend the analysis of the second procedure s effect when teaching other conditional relations. The analysis of results in articles 1 and 2 was parsimonious, but directed to methodological and conceptual aspects for considering that participants were adults that already presented naming. Article 3 accounts for the most careful product of the current study, however it does not provide conclusive results. General results show that adding a echoic DOR of in the MTS task have not assured but produced superior effects compared to traditional MTS tasks when teaching auditory‐visual relations and testing the emergence of tact and other derived discriminations. Careful analyses on methodological gaps and controlling variables of the teaching procedure are, possibly, the most precious information provided in all three articles. Replications are required and suggested with details as means to make progress in the central research problem that regards the emergence of basic verbal relations.
Através do cosmos : uma proposta lúdica para o ensino de astronomia e física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Silva, Paulo José Meira da
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Rojas, Gustavo de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8950200416337192
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2826585897372118
The knowledge of the high school students on the various topics of Astronomy today is worse than expected. This study aims to investigate the current level of knowledge in Astronomy of high school students from a public school in the city of Pirassununga, São Paulo, and create an alternative learning situation to contribute to this learning. The choosen tool was the ludic activity titled Através do Cosmos. The challenge is to create a profitable and fun activity by instigating students to solve problems and act socially. To this didactic sequence, a diagnosis questionnaire was initially applied to ascertain the students' prior knowledge. Next, the students were subjected to a cycle of lectures, finished with another questionnaire. Finally the ludic activity was applied in groups of three or four students. After the cycle of games, an assessment which was asked the students' opinions regarding the activity was performed. The results showed that, due to some difficulties during the process, the knowledge acquired by them was less than expected, but the ludic activity was a success among students and showed that it has potential for future applications and enhancements.
Disputas oligárquicas: as práticas políticas das elites mato-grossenses 1892-1906
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-09-30)
Arruda, Larissa Rodrigues Vacari de
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Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0243621159196036
During the First Republic (1889 - 1930), numerous conflicts between oligarchs occurred in the Brazilian states. In Mato Grosso, three Disputes oligarchic marked the political life of the state in 1892, 1899 and 1906. They were due to disputes between the state elites for control of political power. In 1892, Ponce and Murtinho oligarchies together competed with the Antonio s Maria Coelho group, governor since 1899. Ponce and Murtinho won, until in 1899 disruption occurred between them, when Ponce was defeated. These two oligarchies unite again in 1906 to defeat an enemy uncommon: the governor of the state of Mato Grosso Antonio Paes de Barros, who was murdered in this episode. This research proposes to analyze the specifics of the Mato Grosso oligarchies and its consequences for the political practices in the state of Mato Grosso in the period 1892-1906. Thus, we investigated the formation and consolidation of these two oligarchies, for understand how relationships between Ponce and Murtinho oligarchies interfered in the politics of Mato Grosso. We also considered the relationship between the municipal and state (Ponce and their local chiefs) and between state and federal (connection of Ponce and Joaquim Murtinho, the interference continues, or omission of Presidents of the Republic and the use of the Verification of Credentials Committee). Was used as a theoretical literature on Community Power Structure, Coronelismo e Neo-institutionalism.
Biotecnologia, bioética, biodireito, biossegurança e biodefesa no contexto DQBRNE: atualidade, perspectivas e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-01)
Petrucelli, Marcos Roberto
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
The proposed work for this research, entitled Biotechnology, bioethics, biolaw,biosecurity and biodefense in the DCBRNE context: actuality, challenges and perspectives is considered controversial, and in the language of national defense, it is a sensitive issue because it is related to the different interface controversial fields of legal, military, political and religious content within the scientific-technological context of biotechnology, biosafety, bioethics and biolaw. This dissertation is intended in particular to reflect the related issues and their applicability in the Brazilian legal system, as well as in the relationship between public agencies in their conduct, in order to elucidate the best possible way some of the many questions of Biotechnology trinomial bioethics-biolaw when applied to areas of biodefense and biosecurity in the context of defense CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives). There is no doubt that in this universe of areas, biotechnology plays probably the main role. The present study is based on digital, booklets, handbooks, journals and medicalscientific publications and research knowledge gained in the course of the profession of Military State Police as a Lieutenant of that force, having several courses of area as well as in civil training of Bachelor of Law with as a member of the Order of Lawyers of Brazil. Among other conclusions, it appears the lack of disclosure over actions against CBRNE incidents, operations centers to assume coordination of events and training, and training materials for this type of threats especially those conducting the first calls (responsiveness), not to mention the health situation in the hospitals and medical care, which also unaware of how to individualize the onset of diseases, which are very similar. Throughout the realization of this project, it was possible to verify that all the material gathered here, analyzed and discussed there, as far as we know, does not exist neither in Portuguese nor English. Thus, we believe that it will become an important reference material and consultation mainly by the various agencies that deal with public safety and national defense, in particular, those related to CBRNE defense.
Uma abordagem de otimização multicritério para o problema integrado de distribuição e estoque
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-01)
Soto de La Vega, Diego Armando
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0870329113007005
Povos indígenas na universidade: ação afirmativa e a geopolítica do conhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-01)
Mattioli, Érica Aparecida Kawakami
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3215917572806088
The selectivity concerning the access of indigenous students to Brazilian higher education have been due to the practices formed racially and the understanding of the political strategy of the education for the recognition of the otherness has appeased the definition of public policies of Affirmative Actions (AA) for groups historically considered subaltern. Affirmative action is often conceptualized as strategic mechanism when both racial tension and socio-economic inequality exist in order to counter the effects of a colonial history of discrimination and disadvantaging that has left huge silences and deformations in the historical narratives about indigenous people and their knowledge, philosophies, bodies and cultures. Therefore, we also can think about affirmative action in its epistemological dimension. A post-colonial reading of affirmative action policies in Brazilian universities focused on indigenous people provided the basis for our analysis. We argue that AA policies have a potential force to produce epistemological disruptions in university contexts. The goal of this research is both to analyze and to describe sociologically the experiences of indigenous students from different ethnic groups in the context of Affirmative Action Policies Program at Federal University of São Carlos. This study ends presenting discussions on how we can epistemologically rethink AA policies in Brazilian universities, especially regarding to indigenous people.
Evolução molecular das luciferases das lanternas da fase adulta e larval de elaterídeos luminescentes e filogenia molecular de Elateroidea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-01)
Amaral, Danilo Trabuco do
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Viviani, Vadim Ravara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1962677068147121
The origin and evolution of Elateridae bioluminescence is uncertain, especially the evolution of the luciferases of different phases and lanterns of Elateridae, the relationship between structure and bioluminescence spectra and the phylogeny of neotropical species. In this study, the cDNA containing the genes of Fulgeochlisus bruchi and Pyrophorus angustus luciferases, which presente different kinetic characteristics, such as high pH optimum and a high affinity for ATP and Luciferin, were cloned. Analyses of Elateridae luciferases suggest that, regardless of the stage of life or organ (dorsal or ventral lanterns), these luciferases displayed a higher identity degree to the luciferases that present closer bioluminescence spectra, probably, due to intergenetic recombination effects. The luciferase primary sequences alignments and site-directed mutagenesis studies suggested important residues to modulate color in Elateridae, such as S247. Our phylogenetic analyzes indicated a closer relationship between Elateridae and Phengodidae, however there are diverngence between the markers used. The sequencing of mitochondrial genomes showed that the Phengodidae genomes displayed several rearrangements and gene duplication, indicating the need for further studies on this family. Our data also suggest that bioluminescence arised at least three times independently in Elateoridea from ancestors similar enzymes.
Análise dos serviços emergenciais de manutenção agrícola e borracharia na agroindústria canavieira utilizando teoria de filas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-03)
Rodrigues, Lásara Fabrícia
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208188426851836
The sugarcane industry is an important branch of the Brazilian agroindustry considering the major role of sugarcane cultivation in the country history and the prominent position that this industry has achieved in the international scenario. In recent years, this industry has faced major changes and challenges. Therefore, the use of methods to support decision making has become increasingly necessary to optimize the available resources and enable the analysis of larger data sets. The present study addresses the Maintenance and Tire Repair Emergency Services in the agricultural stage of the sugarcane industry. In order to analyze and support decisions in the Tire Repair System, the Hypercube Model, the Simulation Model, and the known Queue Models M/M/m and M/G/m were developed or adapted using data from a case study conducted in a sugar and alcohol mill with centralized servers. In addition, an alternative scenario with decentralized servers was also investigated, and it showed better results in terms of performance measures compared to those of the original scenario. Extensions of the Hypercube Model, the Approximated Hypercube Model and the Simulation Models were developed to analyze and support decisions in the Maintenance Service System. At first, an illustrative example was used to address the issues of priority queue, partial backup, and differentiated service rates between the hypercube states and the states of the tail. Subsequently, experiments using these models and the case study data were conducted. An alternative scenario including one more server was also studied, and it showed better results than those of the original scenario, especially in terms of travel times. The present study shows that the adaptations and extensions of the hypercube model and the simulation models developed to treat Maintenance and Tire Repair Emergency Systems in sugarcane mills have proven to be effective approaches for these systems planning and analysis. The results of this study indicate that the models developed and adapted are suitable for application in sugarcane industries.
Contribuição ao estudo e modelagem matemática de reator anaeróbio de leito granular expandido (EGSB) tratando água residuária de suinocultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-03)
Correia, Gleyce Teixeira
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Kwong, Wu Hong
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8644937548157443
Anaerobic systems have been widely studied and used in treatment of wastewater from agriculture and others. Among the existing technologies, there are the EGSB (Expanded Granular Sludge Bed) reactors, which have emerged as improvement of UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactors. It was sought to evaluate the performance of an EGSB reactor using synthetic swine wastewater as substrate, increasing the volumetric organic load (2, 4, 8, 10 and 15 kgCOD.m-3.d-1) and the upflow velocity (6 and 10 m.h-1). Efficiencies higher than 83% were obtained in removal of COD, however there was a buildup of volatile acids and a possible microbial imbalance after the application of the load 10 kgDQO.m-3.d-1. The reactor showed homogeneity in microorganisms along the reactor, with the presence of bacilli of different sizes, coccus, and similar to the genera Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina. It was developed a mathematical model aiming to study in more detail the hydrodynamics of EGSB, generally regarded as continuous complete mix reactors (CSTR). For that, it was used a phenomenological model based on the mass balance of the reactor, and after the adjustment to the experimental data, it was observed that the EGSB reactor can be worked as a series of five continuous complete mix reactors (CSTR), three in the tube region and two in the separator region with kinetic intrinsic rate at approximately 7,5.10-5 L.mgSSV-1.h-1 and kinetic rate constant decreasing with increase in organic load.
Proposta de zoneamento geoambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão do Ouro no município de Pirassununga (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-06)
Lossardo, Luiz Fernando
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Lorandi, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8104184529762104
This study aimed to gather information about the physical environment in the Basin Ribeirão do Ouro in Pirassununga, SP to, and a better understanding of the place, the subsidy for the discussion of environmental management and more sustainable development of the territory covered by this area of study through its zoning geoenvironmental. The Basin Ribeirão do Ouro is located almost entirely in the city of Pirassununga, São Paulo, totaling an area of 12,594.81 hectares or 125.94 square kilometers in length and are fully contained in the basin of Rio Mogi. Because it is a region bordering the western plateau and Paulista Paulista Peripheral Depression, both unit morphostructural the Paraná Sedimentary Basin, the relief of the study area varies between undulated and wavy respectively. After all survey process, using existing laboratory tests, field work for checking of information, analysis through the use of technologies of remote sensing and GIS, cartographic materials were generated new very important, among them, the Charter Zoning Geoenvironmental. The zoning proposal resulting from this work showed 17 geoenvironmental distinct areas, which seek to demonstrate its main features, weaknesses and future scenarios for the use and occupation of these areas more sustainable.
Eletrólito sólido β/β”-alumina para protótipo de bateria sódio-níquel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-07)
Nonemacher, Juliane Franciele
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7479772662719945
Itaipu Binational along with the Swiss company power generation Kraftwerke Oberhasli AG/KWO, are developing a battery of nickel-sodium salt (Na/NiCl2), which uses β/β"-Al2O3 ceramic as solid electrolyte, to apply on electric vehicles and stationary banks. The main challenges in obtaining β/β"-alumina are obtain more content β"-Al2O3 phase, the difficulty in controlling the sodium loss during the sintering and minimize abnormal grain growth which leads to a duplex microstructure which compromises the mechanical strength. This paper aims to: i) develop ceramic solid electrolyte β/β "-alumina using powders prepared by citrate process (CP) and mixed oxides process (MOP) and correlate the microstructure with electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, ii) obtain solid electrolyte tubular using the powder which generated the best samples. The samples obtained with MOP powder were not sensitive to sintering atmosphere. The amount of β” phase was ≈75%, microstructure obtained was duplex form containing larger grains (≈150 μm) dispersed in a matrix of smaller grains (≤5 μm). The higher mechanical resistance value to radial compression was 92 ± 14 MPa and the maximum the electrical conductivity value was 1.03x10-1 S.cm-1 at 300 oC. Citrate process produced nano-powder, which was more sensitive to the samples stowage during sintering and generated a microstructure more thin and homogeneous with grain size about ≤5 μm. Amount of β” phase, electrical conductivity and mechanical strength were lower than those obtained by the MOP. The solid electrolytes tubular were obtained by isostatic pressing with powder prepared via MOP. The pipes have a good mechanical resistance to green body for handling and finishing with good densification after sintering, indicating the viability of manufacturing of tubes for batteries.
Influência da contaminação combinada de dextrana e amido na cristalização do açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-08)
Merheb, Graciela de Amaral
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Giulietti, Marco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703659740618915
Introduced during the colonial period in Brazil, nowadays sugar cane is one of the main crops of the country's economy, generating more than 2 billion dollars per year in the Brazilian trade balance. Despite the benefits of expanding the sugarcane sector every year, the environmental impacts caused by burning straw cane sugar made the State of São Paulo Government create the Protocol of Agro-Environmental Cooperation in 2007, which aims the total elimination of cane burning by 2017. However, when the sugar cane stops being burned, some components of the plant, which remained in the field due to the burning, will start being in larger quantities in the process, and the effects of this future reality in sugar quality have not been studied In this doctoral thesis, the two components of great impact on the specifications or quality of the sugar were chosen: starch and dextran which were studied in the crystallization unit operation (by controlled cooling and vacuum evaporation), so that the impact on the final product (sugar) were evaluated. This current study used a reponse surface methodology, with 2 levels (309 and 1062 ppm), two factors (dextran and starch), 3 center points (one central point in triplicate) and 4 axial points, totaling 11 trials per type of crystallization. The experiments were conducted with sugar Type 2 solutions contaminated with starch and dextran, in an agitated and jacketed crystallizer (8 liters) in the laboratory. When the crystallization was performed, the matters were centrifuged, the sugars were separated from the honeys, and forwarded to the physico-chemical, textural and optical microscopy analyzes. In relation to the physicochemical analyzes of sugar, starch and dextran contamination interfered directly in the responses: starch, dextran, color, turbidity and alcoholic floc in both crystallization techniques, however, the controlled cooling under the same conditions of contamination (0-2000 ppm), presented sugars to lower rates, which kept the product according to the market specifications. The results of grain size analysis showed frequency curves with accumulation of smaller crystals at the opening of 0.5 mm, according to the increase of dextran in the tests. And the optical microscopy analysis identified the existence of a relationship between the amount of contaminants, and the appearance of agglomerated crystals, besides "needle-like" crystals were not observed. The experimental chosen design collaborated in the identification of starch and dextran agents, in the increase or decrease of the analyzed responses, besides suggesting the collaboration of the combined effect on the quality of sugar. Concerning the product quality, the use of crystallization technique by controlled cooling proved to be the most suitable in the reduction of contaminants in the sugar, particularly in solutions containing 2,000 ppm of dextran and starch. Given the crop of sugarcane in the coming years, and that the contamination of dextran and starch may be higher than those found in syrups of industrial processes currently, this work may contribute to the knowledge of the contaminants and their combined actions in the crystallization and in understanding of the differences in the product quality.
Comportamento e uso de habitat por aves dependentes de áreas úmidas no interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-10-08)
Cunha, Isabella Lacativa Dias
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773651471211732
The human pressures in aquatics ecosystems are very strong and affect all associated fauna. The waterbirds are a major environmental group in these ecosystems. To April / 2013 until April /2014 were collected the foraging efficiency (FE) of birds in three reservoirs of São Paulo, Itirapina. In the first chapter of this study we tested the hypothesis if the occupation and habitat use for foraging by Herons family are influenced by premises of The Optimal Foraging Theory or that species actively seek for greater energy return and avoid unproductive environments. The central hypothesis was accepted: the species exhibited a similar FE in different macro and micro- habitats; FE does not change regardless of foraging strategy; FE does not depend on the length of stay in the environment. We observed that environmental variables such as the depth of the reservoirs and the surrounding vegetation, may limit the occupation of the habitats for this waterbirds, regardless of the presence and availability of food. In the second chapter, we describe a rare foraging behavior, not yet reported in the literature, displayed by Ardea cocoi in restrictive microhabitat for the species.