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Algoritmo ejeção-absorção metropolizado para segmentação de imagens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-12-19)
Calixto, Alexandre Pitangui
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0846151938852422
We proposed a new split-merge MCMC algorithm for image segmentation. We describe how an image can be subdivided into multiple disjoint regions, with each region having an associated latent indicator variable. The latent indicator variables are modeled with a prior Gibbs distribution governed by a spatial regularization parameter. Regions with same label define a component. Pixels within a component are distributed according to a Gaussian distribution. We treat the spatial regularization parameter and the number of components K as unknown. To estimate K, the spatial regularization parameter and the component parameters we propose the Metropolised split-merge (MSM) algorithm. The MSM comprises two type of moves. The first one, is a data-driven split-merge move. These movements change the number of components K in the neighborhood K _ 1 and are accepted according to Metropolis-Hastings acceptance probability. After a split-merge step, the component parameters, the spatial regularization parameter and latent allocation variables are updated conditional on K by using the Gibbs sampling, the Metropolis- Hastings and Swendsen-Wang algorithm, respectively. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it is easy to implement and the acceptance probability for split-merge movements depends only of the observed data. The performance of the proposed algorithm is verified using artificial datasets as well as real datasets.
Processos de formulação e acompanhamento de planos à luz da estratégia como prática: os casos das gestões da UFSCar de 1992 a 2008
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-12-19)
Zabotto, Marco Antonio Cavasin
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Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8442767826775526
Strategy as Practice (SaP) is a recent theory that appeared at the end of the last century as an approach which assumes the strategy as something that organizations do and not as something that they possess. Based on this premise, its focus is on micro activities carried out by the strategists of different organization s hierarchical levels, called practitioners. They apply theoretical and practical models, called practices, to carry out the strategic praxis. This research was performed based on this approach and seeks to analyze the strategic planning processes adopted by a Federal University in Brazil, considering four consecutive administrations. The main objectives are: to propose a model for the development and monitoring of strategic plans at the Federal Institutions of Higher Education or other public education institutions in Brazil; and to propose a procedure that could facilitate the analysis of their plans. The lack of empirical studies based on the SaP approach or on its applications in studies of planning processes in public universities has been highlighted during the bibliographical research performed in national and international qualified databases, covering publications in journals, books, thesis and dissertations. It was found that the lack of references when one wants to get applications of SaP in universities is even greater. The development of this research took place at the Federal University of São Carlos, based on descriptive case studies of four successive administration cycles each one corresponding to four years. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the rector and professors who were responsible for coordinating important projects during each administration term. An exam of several documents for each administration cycle was also performed and enabled to collect data and to analyze the processes of formulating and monitoring strategic plans. Each management term was described and analyzed considering five elements: the context (the internal and the external environment) of the institution, the planning (formulation) process, the monitoring process of the plan, the results achieved by management, and the role and activities of the university leader, the rector. The analysis of strategizing processes was carried out based on SaP s constructs: practices, praxis and practitioners. The information obtained in accordance with SaP s constructs was valuable to describe, to comprehend and to compare the planning and monitoring processes implemented in each of the four administration cycles. The study also demonstrates consistent with the literature the importance of rectors roles in formulation and monitoring processes. The main results obtained by the analysis of the four administration cycles supported the proposition of a strategic planning model for Federal Universities and of a series of guidelines and steps to facilitate the analysis of strategic plans, considering the SaP s precepts, in these universities and other related institutions.
O estudo dos números complexos no ensino médio: uma abordagem com a utilização do Geogebra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-12-19)
Amorim, Tânia Mara
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Oliveira, Paulo César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3742409568355117
This work aimed to facilitate the study of the content of complex numbers for students in the 3rd year of High School, within a focus covering a geometric context, with the use of Geogebra software, combined with notebook student (SÃO PAULO, 2014). The main motivation of this study was to search for an innovative practice, aiming to improve the quality of the teaching-learning process, in relation to the content, since the numerous difficulties demonstrated by students. The theoretical research was based mainly on the theory of representation semiotics registers of Raymond Duval and analysis of curriculum documents for Middle School. Already the methodology was built based on the steps of the Didactics Engineering idealized by Michele Artigue. The production of information involved mathematical activities performed by 31 students of Higher Education of a Civil Engineering course and between 10 to 12 students (there was variation) of a 3rd year of High School; providing the basis for answering the following research issues: I What knowledge about complex numbers, students of Higher Education bring the baggage of high School? II - That prospect of construction of knowledge the notebook of the Student gives the learning of complex numbers? III - The Geogebra can add the construction of knowledge when articulated to the notebook of the Student, made available by the Department of the São Paulo State of Education? The instruments used to collect the amount of information produced by participants, in empirical step of our research were: questionnaire, written records of tasks (protocols) and images of mathematical activities carried out with the help of Geogebra. The results obtained in the analysis of the questionnaires showed that the knowledge of the students in higher education, as well as the students in the middle school, are negligible in relation to the need of those who follow their studies in the field of exact area. With respect to the results obtained from the implementation of tasks for high school students, using the software proved to be efficient for a geometrized viewing the content in relation to construction of its concepts, which allowed students a much better understanding across the studied content.
A utilização do software GeoGebra no ensino da geometria analítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-12-19)
Brito, Marcos Alves de
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Seixas, Wladimir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1697352974728327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6907748950441769
In this thesis we aim, through the use of a technological tool, the computer, show the possibility of teaching Mathematics causing the student to build their knowledge from concepts presented with the help of software that allow viewing the activities developed. In this sense, we use the GeoGebra software, it is a dynamic geometry software in the public domain and its application to analytic geometry content is easy to learn for the user. Thus, we present a teaching sequence using GeoGebra software in teaching Analytic Geometry, following the contents of the Curriculum Proposal of the State of São Paulo. In each of the proposed activities develop the theoretical content with exercises followed by activity in GeoGebra. At the end of each activity are some of the comments made by students.
Effect of the postural challenge on the dependence of the cardiovascular control complexity on age
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014-12-22)
Catai, Aparecida Maria
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Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
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Perseguini, Natália Maria
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Milan, Juliana Cristina
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Minatel, Vinicius
As políticas de direitos autorais e de reuso presentes nas revistas brasileiras de acesso aberto das áreas biológicas e de saúde disponibilizadas na plataforma SciELO-Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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Almeida, Bianca Miranda de
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Silva, Marco Donizete Paulino da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2319894322173530
O termo Acesso aberto se refere à disponibilização online, gratuita e livre de restrições, da literatura científica. No Brasil, essa dinâmica se dá, majoritariamente, através das revistas em Acesso Aberto, a chamada “via dourada”. A publicação de tais revistas tem crescido continuamente desde a abertura da plataforma SciELO no Brasil, em 1997, e do sistema OJS pelo IBICT. Apesar da ampla divulgação mundial dos conceitos e definições sobre Acesso Aberto, e, sobretudo, em relação a questões de Direitos Autorais, autorização de reuso e arquivamento em repositórios, a hipótese aqui levantada é de que ainda existem situações conflitantes nas políticas de algumas revistas brasileiras de Acesso Aberto, conflitos relativos aos Direitos Autorais e aos direitos de reuso pelos leitores-usuários-autores. O artigo relata um estudo que teve como objetivo principal analisar e averiguar o conceito de Acesso Aberto, explícita e implicitamente usado nas revistas levantadas, sinalizando, de certa forma, o grau de “abertura” destas, tal como definido recentemente no folheto “HowOpenIsIt?” publicado por SPARC, PLoS e OASPA. Foram estudadas as políticas de Direitos Autorais de uma amostra composta por 117 periódicos correntes da área das Ciências Biológicas e Ciências de Saúde na plataforma SciELO-Brasil. Os resultados demonstram que existe uma variedade de apropriações e significações do termo “Acesso Aberto” que se manifestam na redação da política dos Direitos Autorais de tais revistas, dando espaço para confusões entre autores e leitores no que se refere aos direitos de reuso e disseminação posteriores à publicação, direitos estes intrínsecos às definições “clássicas” de Acesso Aberto.
Amplificador transistorizado para uso em instrumentação científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015)
Diniz, Eduardo
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De Francisco, Carlos Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1246572405382250
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742336960280302
This project consists of the design and assembly of an amplifier circuit to work as part of a Langmuir probe that will be used at the university environment for the study and characterization of plasmas. Simulations were performed, at first, considering a commercial circuit topology used in audio amplifiers. Different versions of the printed circuit board were developed, always aiming at improvements on routing, components placement and performance of the circuit as a whole. The project reached the expectations like frequency response, slew-rate, output voltage and closed loop gain. All that at a low cost and bearing the potential to be used as part of future projects developed at the university.
Avaliação de conjuntos de testes funcionais no contexto de programas orientados a objetos e programas orientados a aspectos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-08)
Levin, Thiago Gaspar
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5925377783093761
Context: Software testing play an important role to reveal faults and increase the quality of developed products. Structural-based testing has shown to be important in the evaluation of both the quality of the software and the quality of the test set itself. Objective: This work reports on the results of an experimental study that aimed to evaluate the quality of test sets which were originally built for a given programming paradigm, when such test sets are adapted and applied to a different paradigm. Besides this, this we also measure the effort to migrate test sets from one paradigm to another. In this work, we considered the object-oriented (OO) and aspect-oriented (AO) paradigms. Method: We evaluated the quality of test sets by analysing the code coverage yielded by test sets within both paradigms; to evaluate the effort required to adapt test sets across paradigms, we performed comparisons of code-related metrics applied to test code. In total, we analysed 12 small-sized applications and one medium-sized application. Results: The achieved coverage for distinct groups of applications did not show expressive differences across the paradigms, particularly for small-sized applications. Only for the medium-sized system tests yielded higher code coverage in the OO implementation. In respect with the test set adaptation effort, migrating OO tests to the AO paradigm required more code additions, whilst migrating AO tests to the OO implementations required more code changes and removals. Conclusion: With the achieved results, we cannot state that there is a difference in the quality of the test sets, in terms of structural coverage, when both paradigms are taken into account. Only for a single application the coverage difference was evident. In regard to the process of migrating tests from one paradigms to another, OO tests have shown to be more concise (in terms of lines of code) and more reusable than OA tests.
Impacto de diferentes testes de avaliação funcional sobre o sistema cardiorrespiratório e subjetivo de mulheres obesas: implementando recursos em protótipo para avaliação funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-12)
Di Thommazo-Luporini, Luciana
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990285037066747
Obesity is considered a worldwide epidemic, with high prevalence in females. It is associated to increased mortality rates due to adverse consequences, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In addition, obese individuals show impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and functional capacity. In this context, we have proposed two observational and cross-sectional studies that could contribute to the understanding the cardiovascular, metabolic, ventilatory, and perceptual responses in this population to different exercise tests, such as the maximum cardiopulmonary test (CPX), considered the gold standard assessment for cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as functional field tests, which were less expensive and more similar to daily activities, such as the six-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), and the six-minute step test (6MST). Moreover, we have proposed an innovative step ergometer, which provides a performance recorder and a software for following the user´s progression. The first study é entitled "Are cardiovascular and metabolic responses to field walking tests interchangeable and obesity-dependent?". Aimed to investigate if the physiological responses to the ISWT and 6MWT were in agreement with those obtained in CPX and determine if the submaximal tests could be interchangeable in obese women and controls. Fifty one obese women were evaluated (ObG) and 21 controls (CG) through clinical evaluation, CPX, ISWT and 6MWT. There was agreement between CPX and both the 6MWT [oxygen uptake (VO2, mL•kg-1•min-1) = 6.9 (CI: 5.7-8.1), and heart rate (bpm) = 37.0 (CI: 33.3-40.7)] and ISWT [VO2 (mL•kg-1•min-1) = 6.1 (CI: 4.9-7.3), and heart rate (bpm) = 36.2 (CI: 32.1-40.3)]. We found similar cardiovascular and metabolic responses to both tests in the ObG but not in the CG. Strong correlations were demonstrated between 6MWT and ISWT variables: VO2 (r=0.70); dyspnea (r=0.80); and, leg fatigue (r=0.70). The 6MWT and the ISWT may both hold interchangeable clinical value when contrasted with CPX in obese women and may be a viable alternative in the clinical setting when resources and staffing are limited. The second study was entitled "Six-minute step test as a predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness in obese women" and aimed to assess the 6MST accuracy to determinate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and its ability to predict xiii peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) achieved during CPX in sedentary obese women. Fifty-six sedentary obese women underwent clinical evaluation, CPX and 6MST. There was a satisfactory concurrent validity between the CPX and 6MST, with a mean difference of 5.1±3.6 mL•kg-1•min-1 and 23±13 bpm in relation to peak VO2 and HR, respectively. The 6MST demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting CPX responses (area under the curve: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59 - 0.83). The number of step cycles and peak HR during the 6MST explained 31% and 39% of the total variance in peak VO2 and HR obtained during CPX, respectively. We conclude that the 6MST is accurate to discriminate obese women with an adequate CRF from women with a poor status and it can predict metabolic and cardiovascular maximal exercise values, as well as it may be a valid means of assessing CRF in sedentary obese women, particularly in clinical settings where space and resources are limited. The third study is related to a proposal of a innovative utility model registered in the Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual, in Brazil, as a patent and is entitled "constructive provision introduced in portable exercise step with performance recorder and software." The exercise step aims to fill a gap in the current trade showing improvements over currently available steps, regarding performance, usability, cost, portability, maintenance, safety and ergonomics. Financial support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 141331/2011-9), Brasília, DF, Brasil; and, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2009/01842-0).
Aplicativo móvel para prevenção e classificação de úlceras por pressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-12)
Tibes, Chris Mayara dos Santos
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0978970762996625
The popularity of mobile devices has been considered by many the technological revolution with the greatest impact in recent years. Thus, the application development (software) for mobile devices provides an effective way of providing content and reaches the desired audience. The use of computational tools in healthcare is becoming increasingly widespread. Currently, one of the topics more addressed in the health field is related to the patient safety. The Brazilian Ministry of Health and ANVISA launched the Ordinance Nº 529 of April 1st 2013, which established the National Patient Safety Program. This ordinance aims to reduce adverse events in health care, including reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers are mainly related to the nursing team and in many health institutions the incidence of pressure ulcers is used as an indicator of care quality. In this sense, it is fundamental equip professionals with resources that enable them to predict the patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers, support them to classify this type of injury and help them forward for decision making in the implementation of care adequate to prevent and/or treat this type of injury. Information technology can help these professionals. In addition to being able to store and compress a large volume of information, this type of tool is highly portable, adaptable and broad scope. In order to assist nurses in their professional practice, this research aimed to develop a mobile application prototype to assist in the prevention and classification process of pressure ulcers. The developed application is able to calculate the risk assessment, suggest cares for prevention and/or treatment of pressure ulcers, as well as to classify existing ulcers. The technical and functional quality of the application was evaluated by computing and nursing specialists and was considered adequate in question as functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability and portability. As future work, it is proposed to evaluate the developed application in its ability of reducing the ulcer pressure incidence with users in care practice.
Modelos não lineares truncados mistos para locação e escala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-14)
Paraiba, Carolina Costa Mota
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0125762088465949
We present a class of nonlinear truncated mixed-effects models where the truncation nature of the data is incorporated into the statistical model by assuming that the variable of interest, namely the truncated variable, follows a truncated distribution which, in turn, corresponds to a conditional distribution obtained by restricting the support of a given probability distribution function. The family of nonlinear truncated mixed-effects models for location and scale is constructed based on the perspective of nonlinear generalized mixed-effects models and by assuming that the distribution of response variable belongs to a truncated class of distributions indexed by a location and a scale parameter. The location parameter of the response variable is assumed to be associated with a continuous nonlinear function of covariates and unknown parameters and with unobserved random effects, and the scale parameter of the responses is assumed to be characterized by a continuous function of the covariates and unknown parameters. The proposed truncated nonlinear mixed-effects models are constructed assuming both random truncation limits; however, truncated nonlinear mixed-effects models with fixed known limits are readily obtained as particular cases of these models. For models constructed under the assumption of random truncation limits, the likelihood function of the observed data shall be a function both of the parameters of the truncated distribution of the truncated variable and of the parameters of the distribution of the truncation variables. For the particular case of fixed known truncation limits, the likelihood function of the observed data is a function only of the parameters of the truncated distribution assumed for the variable of interest. The likelihood equation resulting from the proposed truncated nonlinear regression models do not have analytical solutions and thus, under the frequentist inferential perspective, the model parameters are estimated by direct maximization of the log-likelihood using an iterative procedure. We also consider diagnostic analysis to check for model misspecification, outliers and influential observations using standardized residuals, and global and local influence metrics. Under the Bayesian perspective of statistical inference, parameter estimates are computed based on draws from the posterior distribution of parameters obtained using an Markov Chain Monte Carlo procedure. Posterior predictive checks, Bayesian standardized residuals and a Bayesian influence measures are considered to check for model adequacy, outliers and influential observations. As Bayesian model selection criteria, we consider the sum of log -CPO and a Bayesian model selection procedure using a Bayesian mixture model framework. To illustrate the proposed methodology, we analyze soil-water retention, which are used to construct soil-water characteristic curves and which are subject to truncation since soil-water content (the proportion of water in soil samples) is limited by the residual soil-water content and the saturated soil-water content.
Técnicas de medida de condutividade elétrica na agricultura de precisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-15)
Fermino, Luiz Guilherme da Silva
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7429429560586548
Until recently, Precision Agriculture was thought of as an unviable tool for small and medium producers, as it believed that it was an expensive, inaccessible tool. However, with the advancement of technologies, it was possible to access simple and easy methodologies, comprising most of the parameters of soil analysis, tracing the spatial variability within the property, thus obtaining different soil managements for certain areas, as well as better use of inputs and optimization of agronomic practices, with what is called heterogeneity of agricultural parcels through homogeneous management zones. One of the suggested parameters for carrying out these mappings is the Electrical Conductivity of the Soil, a variable capable of correlating with the other attributes of the soil, such as humidity, productivity, topography and salinity, also presenting ease in measuring the data, an excellent alternative for the development of PA and more sustainable agronomic planning
Efeito do tipo de adubação no crescimento inicial de sete espécies arbóreas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-15)
Zepon, Felipe Adauto de Oliveira
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4986653252822655
The degradation of forests in tropical regions caused by anthropic actions, mainly due to agricultural activities, has resulted in impacts such as the loss of ecosystem functions and services. This degradation results in changes in soil chemical and physical properties, and biological communities. Forest restoration aims to minimize these impacts, through the reintroduction of native tree species. Understanding the mechanisms involved between the performance of different plant species and the state of soil degradation can lead to more efficient forest restoration practices. This study experimentally evaluated the effects of soil nutrient and organic matter availability on the growth of seven native tree species: Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Pterogyne nitens Tul., Copaifera langsdorffii Desf., Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Raub., Hymenaea courbaril L., Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze and Terminalia argentea Mart.. We monitored plant initial growth and the changes in soil nutrient availability over time in seedling cultivations under three types of fertilization, one chemical (addition of NPK), and two organic additions, using restaurant waste and cattle manure. The plants were also cultivated in soil without any type of fertilization, which was used as a control. The experiment was conducted in a nursery with irrigation twice a day and monitored for approximately 30 weeks from the germination of each species. Soil chemical analyses were carried out monthly for each of the three treatments, plus control, to quantify the levels of OM, K, P, pH, N, V% (base saturation) and m% (aluminum saturation). A Principal Component Analysis of the chemical parameters showed that the soils were organic fertilizer was added were related to the first axis, which was correlated with OM, P, pH, N and V%, whereas the control was close to m%. The chemical treatments, on the other hand, were related with the second axis, which was correlated with K concentrations. There were no significant differences among organic fertilization, cattle manure and restaurant waste, but these treatments differed from chemical fertilization and control. Plants grown in soil that received organic fertilization had the highest growth, with cattle manure being responsible for the largest average individual size in three of the seven species. Individuals grown in control soils presented the lowest growth. Only three species germinated in the treatment that received chemical fertilization, and they reached intermediate sizes when compared to soils with organic fertilizers and controls.
A legitimidade do processo de formação das leis pela participação da sociedade civil: a comissão de legislação participativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-15)
Seleghim, Ariane Duarte
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Moraes, Renato Almeida de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7510744968129427
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3977588363021961
Habermas’ contemporary democratic theory brings a very important question regarding to the formation of laws and its legitimacy: beyond the formal procedure previously established for the construction of the fundamental normative outline to the Democratic Rule-of-Law State (Weber’s instrumental rationality), the institutional engineering focused on the law formation shows itself compromised only with the democratic systematic, when it observes the “practical-moral reasoning”, which proposes the forecasting of the moral argumentative procedures of those possible affected by the rule, within the production process of the legal rules. This is about the necessity of permeability of the legislative process to demands and pleas from civil society. The Participative Rule Committee, institutionalized instrument of promotion of this permeability: receives suggestions and demands from civil society, converting them into bills. Observing the demands received by the committee, it was possible to conclude that civil society took its place in the institutionalized participation and more: that the demand for more participation in law formation (public hearings) increased more and more.
Aspectos científicos, técnicos, éticos e legais do DNA forense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-16)
Millard, George Henry
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Schpector, Julio Zukerman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
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Matheucci Junior, Euclides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4503704334231412
The analysis of DNA for the purpose of obtaining genetic profile has become essential for criminal investigation and judicial procedure. Since the origins of the techniques of human identification, nothing has been discovered with greater discriminatory power, between two randomly chosen individuals. Genetic proof has assumed great importance in the courts, however, for the operators of law this whole theme is cloaked in great mystery. The objective of this study was to obtain, and to offer to the operators of Law, a general view on the utilization of genetic profiles, and their consequences for the system, and Brazilian society. However, this powerful tool of human identification, DNA and its interconnections, has been thrust forward by very recent advances, in such volume as to alter in a significant way procedures and results, being obliged to follow the paths beaten by scientists, for a simplified form to put into order the information which has directed the forensic genetics to it's current point in time. A review of human identification was made until the discovery of DNA, its structure, evolution and development. The procedures and the various techniques were analyzed, which were being perfected for the obtaining results from the collecting of biological traces at the crime scene to the laboratory analysis, culminating with automatization by PCR and the elaboration of a genetic profile. DNA in the Forensic world, it's birth and consecration were examined. The presence of the instruments available for working the markets, bestowing greater means of discrimination, the STR tests, the future of the SNPs, the sequence of the second generation, and the obtaining of phenotypic characteristics, were duly dealt with. It was analysed, since its origin and implantation up to the current time, the working of the more significant Genetic Profile Data Banks, its technical and legal concerns, as well as the situation in Brazil, with its advances and obstacles, to become part of the forensic DNA community. Experiments in the testing of carbonized human bones were carried out, for identification in criminal procedure, with full details of the materials utilized, methodology, laboratory equipment and software for analyzing the results, ending up with a conclusive result. Following on the exploratory part was carried out through visits to the most expressive world DNA centres, located in the USA, France, the United Kingdom and Brazil, aimed at by means of interviews to discuss this topic, from technical to ethical aspects, and of the data banks to the operations of the system. Finally, in the discussion, the points observed in the centres of excellence, the results of the interviews, and the possible advantages of each system, in a totally fractioned global posture, were addressed.
Complementação da metodologia de turismo do SEBRAE-SP para formatação de atrativos turísticos sustentáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-19)
Oliveira, Cássio dos Santos e
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Minasse, Maria Henriqueta Sperandio Garcia Gimenes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6807582118593348
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0732228776762928
This is on the assumption that the planning of tourist destination, based on the assumptions of sustainable development should focus on and highlight its tourist attractions, since these enterprises are responsible for promoting the movement of visitors. The organization of tourist attractions impacts the fate of competitiveness in the tourism market. This dissertation has the general objective to complement the methodology called "Method for Construction, Design and Project Implementation Circuits and Tourist Attractions" SEBRAE-SP (2011) with regard to formatting sustainable tourist attractions. The data that support the ideas presented here and the structuring of the methodological complementation were collected from bibliographical and documentary research. The end result is the production of a methodological complementation with a practical and operational approach to self solution format, where the micro and small business segment of the tourist attractions is able to implement on your property the procedures proposed in this work. This methodological complement consists of three stages of development of tourist attractions (interpretation, diagnosis and intervention) that is built on five strategic axes of analysis (product characteristics, physical structure, security, management, promotion and marketing). It is expected that, by contributing to the analysis of formatting sustainable tourist attractions, can be created subsidies for the planning process of tourism destinations, in order to increase the quality of leisure activities and experiences offered, as well as guide professionals who work directly in the management of these tourist facilities.
Desenvolvimento de serious game para auxílio ao enfrentamento da obesidade infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-20)
Dias, Jéssica David
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4911016478774713
Educational games and ludic activities can be useful tools and well received by children to achieve the goal of health education. Technology can offer significant benefits to the educational process, and can help to face the childhood obesity, encouraging the learning process and motivating the child to adhere to their treatment. Based on this, it is seen the importance of the insertion of the serious game for the promotion of health. Given the use of technology by children, it is believed in the potential of these resources for changing behaviors in this population, particularly against children obesity. This study aims to develop a serious game to support the fight against the childhood obesity. This is exploratory, not experimental, applied and quantitative research. For the development of the game, the following steps were made: conceptualization, pre-production with development of the Game Design Document (GDD), prototyping, production and the evaluation from specialists. It was developed a prototype in alpha stage. The game was evaluated positively both in terms of gameplay and mechanics, and in relation to the content presented, standing out the game as a powerful strategy for health promotion. The arising information from the evaluation phase held by experts served as subsidy for adjustments to the software to make it available in the future to the target population. It is expected that the design of this serious game encourages greater inclusion of games in health as well as encourage their use in health education. It is also expected that the results of this study provides evidence to support the importance of different strategies for early interventions in the context of childhood obesity.
Estimação do preço implícito de amenidades urbanas no município de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-21)
Reis, Raphael Roberto de Goes
;
Gomes, Alexandre Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5002157193962189
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1767897575699754
In recent years, the Brazilian real estate market has faced structural changes, which has impacted the price of residences. As observed for the country, the city of Sorocaba also went through a real estate valuation process, which impacted in many ways different locations in the city. The formation of the price of residences, function of the cost of construction, also depends on external variables, commonly called urban amenities. Urban menities, even though they are part of the real price of residences, are not easily identified or valued by economic agents but are important, mainly for potential consumers of services since they have different perceptions of urban features that are priority. In this context, the objective of the study is to identify and quantify the impact of structural features and urban attributes in property prices in the city of Sorocaba, identifying if there is a regional distribution pattern of properties more and less valued as a result of these attributes. Additionally, this study spatializes the results by districts. The methodology used is the estimation of the values of the amenities is the hedonic pricing model. This methodology proposed by Rosen (1974), implies in practice, in the estimation of a "cost function", with property prices is the dependent variable and the amenities associated with it are independent variables. The data used were the property sales prices and structural characteristics of each property, accessibility variables (schools, hospitals, etc.) and neighborhood structure (population, income and crime). The results suggest that there are urban amenities that are considered by consumers in the formation of properties prices and that there is spatial dependence between the average real estate values in every area of influence of neighborhoods considered in the study.
Determinação sacarimétrica de caldos e melaços provenientes da cana-de-açúcar sem adição de clarificantes químicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-22)
Zuza, Elder Polo
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Cavalheiro, Éder Tadeu Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4745280891704797
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8146169990119011
This work aims to evaluate the performance of an alternative procedure for the instrumental determination of sucrose in industrial sugar cane juices and molasses, using the polarization method as an alternative procedure that do not involves clarifying agents, taking data at 880 nm. Samples from extraction, treatment, evaporation and cooking were used to compare the results from the present proposed method and the conventional one. In the proposed procedure, the filtering auxiliary Celite® [SiO2] replaced the chemical clarifying agent, with advantages concerning costs and lower waste generation, resulting in diminished environmental impact. Sampling was limited to the availability of samples and of operators and the comparisons were performed using the average values as well as the standard deviations, based on paired t-Student test. Inter e intra-day assays were taken to evaluate the robustness of the proposed procedure. Different operators were involved in the measurements with both procedures in order to evaluate the reproducibility of the measurements and accuracy of the proposed method.
Crescimento anódico e caracterização de óxidos coloridos de titânio em eletrólitos alternativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-23)
Zaniolo, Karina Marchi
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Biaggio, Sonia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6389222837865300
A Studies on the anodic growth of oxides that passivate the biomaterial titanium, and their electrochemical, morphological and structural parameters were carried out in this work. The oxides were obtained galvanostatically at 9.7 mA cm-2, in the acetic acid (HAc) and sodium bicarbonate (NaBic) green electrolytes at room temperature, at different concentrations and final anodization potential (Efinal). Besides that, the formation of a spectrum of colors on the anodized Ti cp was investigated, and a correlation between these colors and the anodizing conditions was proposed. The open circuit potential (Eca) measurements indicated that the higher thermodynamic tendency for the Ti passivity occurred in the 0.1 and 0.5 mol L-1 HAc solutions (~ 0.18 V vs. SCE). On the other hand, the cyclic voltammograms presented the typical valve metal profiles, without evidences of localized corrosion even in a chloride-containing electrolyte (Ringer solution). Moreover, the Ti anodization rates in the different electrolytes were also estimated, with values ranging from 1.8 to 2.7 nm V 1. Both RXD and micro-Raman spectroscopy data allowed to infer that TiO2 is the predominant oxide, partially crystalline and presenting the anatase phase. Finally, SEM analyses indicated rough and porous oxide films for all the anodization conditions. Therefore, the green electrolytes HAc and NaBic, proposed for the Ti anodization process, seem to be promising for producing thick oxides which present good electrochemical and physical properties to be applied as implantable materials.