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Impacto de diferentes testes de avaliação funcional sobre o sistema cardiorrespiratório e subjetivo de mulheres obesas: implementando recursos em protótipo para avaliação funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-12) Di Thommazo-Luporini, Luciana; Silva, Audrey Borghi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990285037066747
Obesity is considered a worldwide epidemic, with high prevalence in females. It is associated to increased mortality rates due to adverse consequences, such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In addition, obese individuals show impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and functional capacity. In this context, we have proposed two observational and cross-sectional studies that could contribute to the understanding the cardiovascular, metabolic, ventilatory, and perceptual responses in this population to different exercise tests, such as the maximum cardiopulmonary test (CPX), considered the gold standard assessment for cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as functional field tests, which were less expensive and more similar to daily activities, such as the six-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), and the six-minute step test (6MST). Moreover, we have proposed an innovative step ergometer, which provides a performance recorder and a software for following the user´s progression. The first study é entitled "Are cardiovascular and metabolic responses to field walking tests interchangeable and obesity-dependent?". Aimed to investigate if the physiological responses to the ISWT and 6MWT were in agreement with those obtained in CPX and determine if the submaximal tests could be interchangeable in obese women and controls. Fifty one obese women were evaluated (ObG) and 21 controls (CG) through clinical evaluation, CPX, ISWT and 6MWT. There was agreement between CPX and both the 6MWT [oxygen uptake (VO2, mL•kg-1•min-1) = 6.9 (CI: 5.7-8.1), and heart rate (bpm) = 37.0 (CI: 33.3-40.7)] and ISWT [VO2 (mL•kg-1•min-1) = 6.1 (CI: 4.9-7.3), and heart rate (bpm) = 36.2 (CI: 32.1-40.3)]. We found similar cardiovascular and metabolic responses to both tests in the ObG but not in the CG. Strong correlations were demonstrated between 6MWT and ISWT variables: VO2 (r=0.70); dyspnea (r=0.80); and, leg fatigue (r=0.70). The 6MWT and the ISWT may both hold interchangeable clinical value when contrasted with CPX in obese women and may be a viable alternative in the clinical setting when resources and staffing are limited. The second study was entitled "Six-minute step test as a predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness in obese women" and aimed to assess the 6MST accuracy to determinate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and its ability to predict xiii peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) achieved during CPX in sedentary obese women. Fifty-six sedentary obese women underwent clinical evaluation, CPX and 6MST. There was a satisfactory concurrent validity between the CPX and 6MST, with a mean difference of 5.1±3.6 mL•kg-1•min-1 and 23±13 bpm in relation to peak VO2 and HR, respectively. The 6MST demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting CPX responses (area under the curve: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59 - 0.83). The number of step cycles and peak HR during the 6MST explained 31% and 39% of the total variance in peak VO2 and HR obtained during CPX, respectively. We conclude that the 6MST is accurate to discriminate obese women with an adequate CRF from women with a poor status and it can predict metabolic and cardiovascular maximal exercise values, as well as it may be a valid means of assessing CRF in sedentary obese women, particularly in clinical settings where space and resources are limited. The third study is related to a proposal of a innovative utility model registered in the Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Intelectual, in Brazil, as a patent and is entitled "constructive provision introduced in portable exercise step with performance recorder and software." The exercise step aims to fill a gap in the current trade showing improvements over currently available steps, regarding performance, usability, cost, portability, maintenance, safety and ergonomics. Financial support: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq 141331/2011-9), Brasília, DF, Brasil; and, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP 2009/01842-0).
Aplicativo móvel para prevenção e classificação de úlceras por pressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-01-12) Tibes, Chris Mayara dos Santos; Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0978970762996625
The popularity of mobile devices has been considered by many the technological revolution with the greatest impact in recent years. Thus, the application development (software) for mobile devices provides an effective way of providing content and reaches the desired audience. The use of computational tools in healthcare is becoming increasingly widespread. Currently, one of the topics more addressed in the health field is related to the patient safety. The Brazilian Ministry of Health and ANVISA launched the Ordinance Nº 529 of April 1st 2013, which established the National Patient Safety Program. This ordinance aims to reduce adverse events in health care, including reducing the incidence of pressure ulcers. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers are mainly related to the nursing team and in many health institutions the incidence of pressure ulcers is used as an indicator of care quality. In this sense, it is fundamental equip professionals with resources that enable them to predict the patient's risk of developing pressure ulcers, support them to classify this type of injury and help them forward for decision making in the implementation of care adequate to prevent and/or treat this type of injury. Information technology can help these professionals. In addition to being able to store and compress a large volume of information, this type of tool is highly portable, adaptable and broad scope. In order to assist nurses in their professional practice, this research aimed to develop a mobile application prototype to assist in the prevention and classification process of pressure ulcers. The developed application is able to calculate the risk assessment, suggest cares for prevention and/or treatment of pressure ulcers, as well as to classify existing ulcers. The technical and functional quality of the application was evaluated by computing and nursing specialists and was considered adequate in question as functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability and portability. As future work, it is proposed to evaluate the developed application in its ability of reducing the ulcer pressure incidence with users in care practice.