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Escala de metacognição: evidências de validade, precisão e estabelecimento de normas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Pascualon-Araujo, Jussara Fátima; Schelini, Patrícia Waltz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6944428231595473
The thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes correspond to metacognition. This concept has different aspects, but by focusing on the area of education, the skills involved in cognitive monitoring and self-regulation are the most relevant. Metacognitive skill assume that status because it allow the individual to assess their performance during the execution of tasks and if he conclue that it is not reaching the target set, he can change the strategies being used by more efficient ones. The use and mastery of skills to monitor and self-regulate cognitive activities are important for learning. Therefore, it is understood that the stimulation of such skills could be an alternative for achieving better academic performance. However, before stimulating, conducting assessment of metacognitive repertoire of students is required. The national literature demonstrated lacking in tools to measure child s metacognition and, in a previous study, the Metacognition Scale (EMETA) to assess these skills in children 9-12 years of age has been established. This study aimed to continue the analysis of the psychometric properties of the scale, more specifically to the analysis of evidence of validity based on the internal structure, the accuracy of the scale and the relationship with other variables such as gender, type of school, age and school year . It also investigated the correlation between performance in EMETA and Learning Strategies for Assessment Scale for Elementary Education (EAVAP-EF) and the grades in the subjects of Portuguese and Mathematics. Later, there was the confirmatory analysis to verify that the model found in the exploratory factor analysis fit the theoretical model used as the basis and preliminary standards for the scale to gender and age was elaborated. The results show that EMETA was composed of two factors, namely: a) Metacognition Knowledge b) Metacognitive Monitoring and Cognitive Strategies that explain 34% of the variance of the scale and precision of the 0,805. Statistically significant differences in performance was found for the variables gender, age and school year and the value for correlation between Metacognition Scale and EAVAP-EF was 0.48 considered good for instruments that measure similar constructs. Finally, participants with higher grades were also those who had higher scores on the scale.
Ambientalização universitária: o olhar dos estudantes da UFSCar para as questões ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Vieira, Marisa Sartori; Zuin, Vânia Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590495006139255
The process known as greening universities refers to the introduction of environmental issues in the teaching-research-extension and management fronts. Considering the various initiatives of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) insert the environmental education in the curricula and management, this study aimed to assess what form and how is this process in view of undergraduate students in chemistry and Pedagogy in three campuses UFSCar (São Carlos, Araras and Sorocaba). To this end, a virtual tool known as "Sustainability Test" was used (www.projetosustentabilidade.sc.usp.br) to assess sustainability practices in academic spaces. The themes analyzed in this study were divided in four categories: a) Environmental Management (waste management, water, energy, mobility / accessibility, green areas and green technologies); b) curriculum greening (environmental education in teaching / curriculum); c) Involvement and Participation d) The role of universities face to environmental issues. In addition to the questionnaire, interviews were conducted focus group type and consulted institutional legislation concerning the issue investigated. While acknowledging the Environmental Education (EE) in the institution, it was observed that most students of both courses were unaware of the actions related to environmental management, especially in the campus of San Carlos. The theme of "green technologies" still seemed far from the Education field, as well as the Science-Technology-Society-Environment Approach (CTSA). The main difficulty pointed out by students for their involvement in environmental issues is the lack of time and information, which may be a priority target given to the theme in these spaces. According to the data collected, the role of universities would be to invest in educational processes and disseminate scientific knowledge, approach the community, addressing EA critically. It was found that the promotion of reflection and dialogue between institutional subjects that carry different views on the greening of HEIs should be seen as necessary strategies to face the challenges inherent in such a process.
Efeito químico de aditivos em suspensões aquosas de magnésia para potenciais aplicações em concretos refratários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Santos, Ana Maria dos; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Magnesium oxide is an important subject of investigation because of its physical and chemical properties, mainly for its application to refractory ceramics. However, magnesium oxide hydration generates its hydroxide, Mg(OH)2, which may cause a volumetric expansion, possibly tightening and damaging components made from this material. These factors are limiting for the use in refractory castables and, as a result, most studies regarding this application is focused on minimizing its harmful effects. In order to minimize the effects of hydration on refractory compositions, this work evaluated two types of magnesia presenting different reactivity, caustic and sinter magnesia, with additives (CaCl2, MgCl2, CaF2, MgF2, acetic acid, magnesium acetate, citric acid and EDTA). The results indicated that the soluble salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2) accelerated the hydration, diminishing the apparent volumetric expansion, increasing the mechanical strength and the hydration heat. Because the addition of insoluble salts (CaF2, MgF2) promoted a reduction in the hydration degree, however, samples showed cracks, became crispy, and presented low mechanical strength. In the case of adding acetic acid or magnesium acetate, it occurred a precipitation acceleration of brucite, Mg (OH)2, as a result of the acetate ion complexation power generated, being mechanical resistance of the acetate greater than the acetic acid. The chelating agents (citric acid and EDTA) had distinct behaviors: the citric acid caused hydration decrease because of the absorption effect; and EDTA caused hydration increase as a result of its Mg2+ ions complexation power. It may be concluded that additives, presented in the compositions studied herein, are promising materials for refractory application, assuming that the additives hydrating will improve refractories mechanical strength, and those decreasing the hydration must be incorporated to other materials to improve their performance.
Invasividade de Hedychium coronarium J. Köenig (Zingiberaceae) em diferentes umidades do solo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Almeida, Renata Vilar de; Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1349296611385947
Biological invasion is a threat to biodiversity, due to competition for resources between invaders and native organisms, decreasing the overall biodiversity. So, studies about the invasiveness of the ecossystems and invasion potential of exotic plants several environments must be taken to control this species. Hedychium coronarium, from the Himalayas, is an example of a high invasivisiness plant, taken to different places in the world, mainly due to ornamental uses. This study evaluated the development (height, diameter, birth and ramets mortality and internal rhyzome anatomy) of plants under different moisture contents, in in situ and in vitro experiments. We found the existence of plasticity for both vegetative ramets growth, and the internal rhyzome anatomy, which may contribute to the invasive potential of this plant.
Efeito do nado sustentado sobre o metabolismo intermediário e antioxidante de matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Fabrizzi, Fernando; Moraes, Gilberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1144207796332494
The significant increase in fish consumption in recent decades has led to considerable extractive exploitation that can bring harmful consequences to the environment and the community living the fishing sustainable exploitation. Therefore, it is essential the search for ways to mitigate this condition. The fish farming development appears as an alternative capable of contribute to the solution of this problem, since it would be possible to maintain the social demand for fish. In a strategic way, the exercise have been standing out by the effects produced directly on animal physiology. On fish, there is sustained evidence that swimming practices brings improvements in hematological parameters, in the metabolic profile of the animals and that may lead them to have great benefits into health and well-being. In study was evaluated the hematological and metabolic parameters and antioxidant response of Brycon amazonicus under control or not of sustained swimming and submitted or not to nitrite excess stress. Currently a major problem in recirculation systems face in fish farming in their biological filters.The submitted animals to sustained swimming activity had an attenuation indicative metabolic adjustment on the stress caused by nitrite. The animals on sustained swimming effects optimizes the carbohydrates oxidation aiming the energy production, thereby minimizing amino acids oxidation for this purpose. Similarly, the fish that were submitted to sustained swimming had produced reduced FOX values, indicating that this swimming activity can be a great tool against oxidative stress. In conclusion, Matrinxãs adapted to sustained swimming have a better ability to face oxidative stress caused by environmental nitrite, making changes hematological, biochemical and metabolism, which can improve oxidative metabolic processes.
Análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e da pressão arterial sistólica na síndrome da fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-05) Buto, Marcele Stephanie de Souza; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7436622763487036
Frailty is related to a decrease in the physiological reserves that causes a difficult to maintain homeostasis. The analysis of heart period (HP) and blood pressure (BP) variabilities can contribute to the understanding of cardiovascular homeostasis in the frailty syndrome. Objective: To compare HP and BP variabilities in frail, prefrail and nonfrail, un supine and orthostatic positions, by univariate and bivariate analysis. Methods: 39 elderly were evaluated and distributed in frail, prefrail and nonfrail groups, accordingly to frailty phenotype. The RR interval (RRi) and the systolic BP (SBP) series were registered for 15 minutes in the supine position and 15 minutes in orthostatic position. Univariate analysis (RRi: mean, variance, LFnu, HFabs and LF/HF and the SBP: mean, variance and LFabs) and bivariate analysis (phase, gain (α) and coherence (K2)) were performed. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA test was used for the statistical analysis; a 5% significance level was considered, along with group, position and interaction effects. Results: Univariate analysis do not detected changes in frailty syndrome. However, in the bivariate analysis frail presented lower K² than nonfrail in orthostatic position. Prefrail and frail reported a significant decrease in K² values in orthostatic position in comparison to the supine. Conclusion: Univariate analysis of HP and BP variabilities do not change when frailty syndrome is present. However, bivariate analysis indicated decoupling between HP and BP in frailty presence. Thus, a reduced K2 might be a marker of frailty process.