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Impacto da exacerbação da Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica nos sintomas de ansiedade, depressão, nível de atividade física e dispneia nas atividades de vida diária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Sentanin, Anna Claudia; Di Lorenzo, Valéria Amorim Pires; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9071791546812165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5961305561627046
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is characterized by chronic airflow limitation in the lungs, dynamic hyperinflation, lung function deterioration and systemic manifestations. The worsening of the disease causes patients to insert into a cycle of inactivity, intolerance to exercise and progressive reduction of physical activity level (PAL) and ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Patients with COPD also experience exacerbations, which contributes to a worsening and progression of symptoms. Stable and post-exacerbated patients present psychosocial symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, which intensifies the cycle of physical activity level impairment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare anxiety and depression symptoms, PAL and dyspnea on ADL and verify the association between them in stable and postexacerbated patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted, which evaluated 13 patients in Post-Exacerbation Group (PEG) (68.9±9.5 years e FEV1= 50.5±18.7 % of the predicted value) and 27 patients in Stable Group (SG) (66.5±7.4 years and FEV1= 48.5±15.4 % of the predicted value). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), London Chest Activity Daily Living (LCADL) and six-minute walk test (6MWT) were applied. During seven days, PAL was measured using a Yamax Digi- Walker SW-700 pedometer (Yamax, Tokyo, Japan) positioned at the patients‟ waistline; moreover, the patients responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. Shapiro-Wilk test were performed to verify the normality of the data. To verify the difference between groups, we used Student test or Mann-Whitney test and Chi- Square test was performed to verify the difference between nominal variables. For correlation analysis were performed Spearman´s and Person´s correlation. PEG patients had more anxiety symptoms (p<0.01), dyspnea on ADL (p=0.02) and lower steps on weekends (p=0,02). There were no correlations between anxiety and depression symptoms with PAH. In PEG, symptoms had a moderate correlation with dyspnea on ADL (r=0.67, p=0.01). In SG, symptoms had a moderate correlation with dyspnea on ADL (HADS-A: r=0.46, p=0.02; HADS-D: r=0.44, p=0.01). Thus, the authors concluded that post exacerbated patients are more anxious, presented lower PAH and more dyspnea on ADL compared with stable patients. Furthermore, dyspnea on ADL is associated with anxiety only in post-exacerbated patients and depression is associated with dyspnea on ADL in both groups.
Criação musical coletiva com crianças: possíveis contribuições para processos de educação humanizadora
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Silva, Mariana Galon da; Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2623764757592483
This dissertation sought to investigate the applicants educational processes of social practice of collective musical creation. Through the research presented here aimed to analyze the educational processes generated from 5 collective musical creation activities for boys and girls in social project Tocando à Vida , from Ribeirão Preto, in order to identify whether these processes contribute to the formation these human male and female students. The collective musical creation activities such as social practices, understand that favor togetherness guided dialogue and collaboration, thereby, we seek to understand how these activities can contribute to humanizing music education. For research we propose to carry out the methodology of participatory research where data collection started from an insert within that space was adopted so that observations of these educational processes happen in contact with students and students during the performance of music creation activities collective. The Project Playing to Life, Ribeirão Preto SP provides free group lessons of musical instruments for children 06-13 years. The inserts in order to collect data occurred in the course of eight months, which participated in the activities of collective musical creation proposals 10 male and female students. The data collections were made by observing the activities, and wheels of talks held after the activities. As memory resources records in field diary and recording the wheels of conversations and musical creations of the students were used. The authors that guided the analysis were Paulo Freire, Ernani Maria Fiori, Enrique Dussel, Carlos Rodrigues Brandão, Hans -Joachim Koellreutter , Maria Teresa Alencar de Brito, Jorge Larrosa Bondia, among others. As a result it was possible to observe the changes in the relations between male and female students, with regard to the development of guided dialogue in loveliness, conquest of autonomy and the search for the humanization. The analysis of the educational processes that are generated social practice occurring during collective musical creation activities within the Project Tocando à Vida can contribute to change of view on this kind of activity, generating a favoring of human formation of children who learn music.
O Programa de Reabilitação Profissional do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social e a reinserção do trabalhador no mercado de trabalho: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Santos, Geovana de Souza Henrique dos; Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2800843250076557
Currently, in Brazil, the assistance geared to workers who were affected by disease or accident, who find themselves unable to return to their original function, but have the potential to exercise other labor activities, is provided by the National Institute of Social Security (INSS) to taxpayers, through the Vocational Rehabilitation Program (PRP). Vocational rehabilitation aims to provide the necessary means for the worker s re-entry into the labor market. This research aimed to understand the INSS PRP s contribution to the employee s reintegration in the market and, as specific objectives, identify the profile of the population served by the program of the Social Security Agency (APS) of the Southeast, between 2007-2012; we investigated the means used within the program to reintegrate workers into the labor market; trace the professional profile of users who visited the PRP; and characterize, in the view of the rehabilitated workers, how the program interfered with their reintegration into the market. This is a case study because it was focused on a single APS among a vast universe, transversal and descriptive, which had as data collection 592 records of people referred to the PRP on the above period; besides having been performed eight in-depth interviews with workers considered rehabilitated. The results showed that the profile of the people served corresponds to 76.5% male, 61.15% of those aged between 30-44 years, the most natural of the host city of the Program or the same state, about 62 % are married or living in a stable relationship, 15% have some form of disability, 42% had not finished elementary school, 74.5% are affiliated to the INSS as employees, 99.5% receive social security benefits, and of these, 77,2% receive common sickness assistance. About 48.5% of people referred were eligible to join the program. As for the resources used in the rehabilitation process, in 5.33% of cases was fitting, 23.33% in the provision of courses, and 25% training in the bond company; no resource were used with the remainder. Workers considered rehabilitated by the organization totaled 34%; currently, according to information from corporate systems of the institution, of these, 49.02% are employed or are self-employed, Social Security contributors, and 26.5% are without bond. The in-depth interviews allowed us observe that the rehabilitated workers do not show a direct relationship between the program and their reintegration into the labor market, but they claim that the resources used in the rehabilitation process are important means to win, if not a job, at least recognition personal and The study points to the need for coordination between the INSS and companies to be forwarded to the rehabilitated internship or a job vacancy by the Institute; this, while federal agency, would have, in their view, the power to promote this articulation and guarantee them a job. The PRP requires changes, a more active attitude of the body at the end of the rehabilitation process, and fundamentally have not ceased their responsibility at the time the rehabilitation of the certificate is sent out.
Modulação da memória emocional em camundongos: análise da interação dos sistemas histaminérgico e colinérgico na amídala
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Fernandes, Carlos Eduardo Monici; Mattioli, Rosana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4260228377858316
This study investigated the effects of bilateral intra-amygdala microinjections of PNU-282987, which is a nicotinic cholinergic agonist, on anxiety and emotional memory as well as the reversal of amnesia induced by an H1 histaminergic antagonist (CPA) in mice subjected to the elevated plus-maze (EPM). For this purpose, two experiments were performed. The subjects were seventynine adult male Swiss mice weighing 25-40g at testing. Behavioral testing was performed on two consecutive days (T1 and T2). In both experiments, the drugs were administered prior to testing. In Experiment 1, the animals received bilateral microinjections of saline (SAL) or PNU-282987 (0.1 nmol) and four experimental groups were tested; i.e., SAL-SAL, SAL-PNU, PNU-SAL and PNU-PNU groups. In Experiment 2, the animals received combined bilateral microinjections of CPA (0.16 nmol) and PNU-282987 on T1 and they were re-exposed to the EPM 24 hours later. Four experimental groups were tested; i.e., SAL-SAL, PNU-SAL, CPA-SAL and CPA-PNU groups. ANOVA followed by Duncan´s tests revealed no significant differences between the SAL and treated groups at T1 in the measurements of anxiety (i.e., % open arm entries and % open arm time, ANOVA, p > 0.05), which indicates that the CPA and PNU did not induce effects on anxiety. The isolated microinjections of PNU-282987 did not produce effects on emotional memory; however, the combined microinjections of PNU-282987 and CPA were able to reverse the deficit in memory induced by CPA (ANOVA, p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the numbers of enclosed arm entries which served as a measure of locomotor activity (ANOVA, p > 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that intra-amygdala injections of PNU-282987 did not induce effects on anxiety and emotional memory per se; however, the combined injections of CPA and PNU-282987 reversed the amnesic effects caused by CPA, which is suggestive of an interaction between the histaminergic and cholinergic systems in the modulation of emotion memory acquisition in mice subjected to the EPM.
Estudo de novas metodologias para realização de ensaios com a catepsina D na busca de inibidores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Cornélio, Vivian Estevam; Vieira, Paulo Cezar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8311750111380865
Cathepsin D is an aspartyl endopeptidase involved in many pathological processes when overexpressed. In addition, it is responsible for degradation of hemoglobin ingested by parasites of schistosomiasis. For these reasons cathepsin D is considered an important target for chemotherapeutic intervention. The assays commonly performed to evaluate the inhibition of this enzyme monitor reaction products generated from the cleavage of fluorogenic peptide substrates or human hemoglobin in the presence of inhibitors that may exhibit autofluorescence/absorbance at the same wavelength used. Considering this problem, this paper presents the development and application of four methodologies for cathepsin D assays. In two methodologies the assays were performed in solution, and in one of them was used isolated bovine cathepsin D, and the other employed an extract of proteins taken from Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. A third assay was developed to evaluate inhibitors by means of a CatD-IMER bioreactor coupled to a multidimensional system in which it is possible to monitor the immobilized enzyme activity directly by quantifying the product formed. Finally, the last methodology was carried out by immobilizing the substrate human hemoglobin in the quartz crystal. The hydrolysis of hemoglobin by cathepsin D was evaluated by using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance technique, a method that monitor the enzyme activity by mass variations. For the enzymatic assays, twenty plant extracts were evaluated, which led to the isolation and identification of the alkaloid evolitrine, the compound 4-hydroxy-3- methoxycinnamaldehyde and the flavonoids orientin and isovitexina. It were also tested 31 pure compounds, among them, the substance (Z)-2-(pentadec-5- enyl)benzene-1,4-diol, which showed significant activity both against the isolated enzyme as the protein extract of S. mansoni. Finally, recombinant cathepsin D from S. mansoni was cloned and expressed using E. coli system, and in vitro studies of isolated natural product compounds showed excellent results regarding the limonoid cedrelona against somules and adult worms of S. mansoni.
Cultivo hidropônico de alface com água de reúso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Cuba, Renata da Silva; Souza, Claudinei Fonseca; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4858219292242433; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6176952602937083
The water for many years was considered inexhaustible, and only in recent decades, became aware of the shortage and the need to rationalize their use, look for ways to reuse and recovery of its quality. In this search context for reuse alternatives, the use of treated sewage sludge in agriculture can become an important tool in water management. Therefore this study evaluated the production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) using hydroponic reuse water from sewage treatment plant. The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Science Center - UFSCar, in Araras, SP, in the greenhouse. Crops occurred from February to March (summer) and July-August (winter) 2014. The hydroponic system adopted was the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), three treatments, with the first supply of water and fertilizers (TA ), the second with sewage treated and supplemented with fertilizers according to results of previous chemical analysis (TRA), and the third only treated sewage (TR), distributed in four randomized blocks. Each treatment consisted of four plots (stands), a 500 L tank for storing the nutrient solution, a motor pump assembly and a timer. Four polypropylene hydroponic profiles with 3 meters long were used in each bench, with 48 plants per plot, totaling 192 plants per treatment. We evaluated the fresh weight, nutritional status and the microbiological quality culture, and the amount of fertilizer used in the treatments. The fresh weights were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Only the TR treatment showed a significant difference compared to the other, in which the plants showed symptoms of deficiency and have significant reduction in fresh weight (p <0.01). There was no detectable presence of E.coli in any treatment, and it was possible to obtain a saving of fertilizers in some of TRA compared to TR. These results suggest the feasibility of reusing water application as a water source for hydroponics, with the necessary corrections, and that the hydroponic profile can act as a barrier to prevent contact of the effluent with the lettuce leaves, according to the conditions and care adopted in handling.
Predadores de ninhos em uma comunidade de aves da Mata Atlântica do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-06) Silva, Lais Ribeiro da; Francisco, Mercival Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2453022793635681
The loss of nests is the main cause of failure in the birds reproduction, so predation becomes an important component in the events related to life history adaptations. An adaptation widely recognized is the smallest cluth size in tropics than temperate areas. One of the main hypotheses that try to explain this fact is the Skutch’s hypothesis, which predicts that predation rates are higher in the tropics and increase according visitation rate of parental in nest. Predation is also commonly associated with decline of birds population in fragmented areas, the mesopredators release hypothesis is widely used to explain this fact. This hypothesis predicts that in fragmented areas the top predators are the first to become extinct, leading to an increase in the density of mesopredators, which increases the nests predation rate, resulting in a decline of birds. Thus, the main goal was to identify nest predators in Atlantic Forest using cameras trap, allowing to infer about some assumptions of Skutch’s hypothesis and "mesopredators release". During two breeding seasons 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 were found 154 nests of 28 species of birds, of which 41 were preyed (26.62%). The contribution of each type of predator (day x nocturnal) can be evaluated and corroborated with the premise of Skutch’s hypothesis, they are mainly diurnal predators. There were no differences between the stages of the nesting cycle (incubation and nestling), so it was not possible to relate the predation with the activity of parents. The predation rate for the study area was low when compared with other studies, this can occur due to the area be well preserved and continuous, unlike most studies that are conducted in disturbed areas. Mostly identified nest predators are part of the diet of top predators, but there is indirect evidence (diet) that the smaller cats are probably more important to control density of nest predator, like small marsupials. Although the birds are not commonly quoted in these studies, they contributed greatly to the predation rates presented, reinforcing the importance of further studies on the birds fit in this context.