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Independência e cognição pós-AVC e sua relação com a sobrecarga, dor e qualidade de vida dos cuidadores familiares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Caro, Camila Caminha; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1922826415628802
Stroke is one of the chronic diseases that cause impairment, mainly motor and cognitive ones, which can compromise the functional capacity, making the subject dependent of care. In this context, it is family s responsibility to take care for the ill individual, assisting him in several everyday activities. The possibility of being a caregiver causes many changes in family dynamics, in the roles and in people's everyday lives. The extended period of care dispensed to the ill individual can also generate overburden and pain and hence threats to the quality of life of caregivers. This study aims to verify the presence of correlations between the level of independence and cognition in subjects with stroke and the level of overburden, pain and quality of life of their family caregivers. We sought to identify if the variables: age of the subject with stroke and caregiver, length of injury, rehabilitation and dispensed care, per capita income, physical, psychological, social and environmental aspects of family caregivers interfere in this relationship. Therefore, we adopted a correlation research with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of sixty (n = 60) subjects, of which thirty (n = 30) were adults, male, with stroke diagnosis for more than six months and placed in rehabilitation services; and the other thirty (n = 30) their respective family caregivers, who had dispensed care to these individuals for more than six months. To collect data, we proceeded with the application of an (i) Form with data about the subject with stroke, (ii) Mini-Mental Scale and (iii) the Functional the Independence Measure (iv) Form caregiver identification, to (v) Zarit Burden Interview Scale, the (vi) Visual Analogue Scale of Pain and (vii) WHOQOL Bref, and (i), (ii) and (iii) were applied to subjects with stroke and (iv), (v), (vi) and (vii) to their family caregivers. Data analysis is based on a quantitative approach, using three forms of analysis, namely the simple descriptive, factorial and the Pearson correlation coefficient. In results, we presented findings that subjects with higher dependence levels were related to a greater number of cognitive impairment resulting from stroke and the need for further rehabilitation time as well as caregivers of over burdened stroke subjects showed higher levels of pain, with the latter conditions also related to lower levels of quality between them. It s concluded that this research provided important data which can foster new public policies, as well as actions related to Occupational Therapy, especially the ones which include the familiar caregiver.
Modelo de simulação para análise de processos de aeroporto de médio porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Ribeiro, Hugo Alves Silva; Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4517495827939276
This paper aims to diagnose the passenger boarding and landing processes of the Uberlândia airport using the mapping process and computer simulation. The paper presents a review of literature about the airport sector, techniques of mapping process, data collection, queue management and computer simulation. The objective is to analyze each subsystem used by the passenger during their boarding and landing, from the vehicle access areas and check- in counters until the departure lounge and the receipt of baggage. In conclusion, alternatives are proposals to reduce the total time of the passengers in queues, contributing to a possible improvement project for the airport.
Eletrodos voltamétricos à base de nanotubos de carbono verticalmente alinhados aplicados na determinação de estatinas em formulações farmacêuticas e fluidos biológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Silva, Tiago Almeida; Fatibello Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0577261810854086
In this work the application of electrodes based on a composite of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide (VACNT-GO) as electrochemical sensor for the determination of pharmaceuticals from the statin class was explored. The VACNT-GO composite was synthesized by the Microwave Chemical Vapour Deposition (MWCVD) method, followed by oxygen plasma treatment. Using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it was possible to verify the exposition of graphene sheets functionalized with oxygenated groups (graphene oxide) in the VACNT tips after the oxygen plasma treatment. The oxygen content increased from 4.9% for the VACNT sample to 21.4% in the VACNT-GO sample case. Furthermore, the C:O ratio was equal to approximately 1.5 for the VACNT-GO sample, in accordance with the expected range for graphene oxide. Moreover, by measurements of the contact angle with distillated water, it was noted a drastic change of the sample surface wettability, changing from superhydrophobic for VACNT (contact angle = 157o) to superhydrophilic for VACNT-GO (contact angle ≈ 0o), enhancing the electrochemical application of the material in aqueous systems. From cyclic voltammetry assays conducted for the potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) probe, it was diagnosticated an electroactive area equivalent to approximately 80% of the geometric area and a high heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (3.4 × −2 −110 cm s ) for the VACNT-GO electrode, demonstrating the good electrochemical performance of the proposed electrodic material. Next, voltammetric methods for determination of the statins atorvastatin calcium (ATOR) and rosuvastatin calcium (ROS) were developed. Using Differential Pulse Adsorptive Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPAdASV) under optimized conditions, the constructed analytical curve for ATOR was linear in the range −8 −6 −1 −9from 9.0 × 10 to 3.8 × 10 mol L , with a limit of detection of 9.4 × 10 mol −1L . In the ROS drug case, the Square-Wave Adsorptive Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWAdASV) technique showed the better analytical performance, and also under optimized conditions, the analytical curve was linear in the ROS −7 −5 −1concentration range from 4.8 × 10 to 4.7 × 10 mol L , with a limit of −8 −1detection of 6.0 × 10 mol L . Both the voltammetric procedures were successfully applied in the ATOR and ROS determination in pharmaceutical formulations and synthetic biological samples (urine and human serum).
Dessalinização usando tecnologia de deionização capacitiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Zornitta, Rafael Linzmeyer; Ruotolo, Luís Augusto Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1586000687725182
In this work, different commercial carbon materials that could be used as electrodes for capacitive deionization were investigated: carbon cloth, carbon foam, carbon felt, carbon fiber, carbon veil and activated carbon powder (AC). The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface resistivity, wettability and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The performance in terms of electrosorption of NaCl was evaluated for different cell potentials. The AC electrode showed the best capacity of removing ions, and presented good values of charge efficiency (QE) and specific energy consumption (η) and, thusly, it was chosen to be modified using different techniques in an attempt to improve its characteristics aiming better results of electrosorption. Part of the strategies was the addition of carbon black and sodium chloride in order to improve the electrode conductivity and its macroporosity, respectively. A factorial experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of the AC mass, NA, mass of sodium chloride used in the electrode preparation and also the cell potential, on the capacity of removing ions (R), QE and η. The variables that showed the greatest effect on the CDI process was the cell potential and the AC mass (that create different thickness for the electrode). In spite of increasing the electrode conductivity, the NA did not show any improvement on the electrosorption of the electrode. Afterwards, an individual analysis showed that the use of sodium chloride to increase electrode macroporisity improved the capacity of the electrode to remove ions but just for the thickest electrode. However, it was verified that the increase of the thickness did not implied in a linear increase of the ion removal capacity. This behavior may be attributed to the non-uniform distribution of the electric field on the porous film. Thusly, even the thicker electrode showing a better capacity of removing ions, a great part of its mass was not being used for electrosorption. Additionally, the increase of the thickness led to a decrease on desorption. Those results indicate that the electrode thickness must be optimized. Another strategy to improve the electrode wettability and capacitance was the deposition of silica and alumina. It was observed an improvement on the wettability of the electrode, however those electrodes voltammograms showed an increase on the resistivity and as result, besides not presenting any improvement on the capacity of electrosorption, there was still a reduction of the ion removal kinect. Finally, the last strategy used to improve the AC electrode was the addition of the conducting polymer polypyrrole aiming to improve the electrode capacity of removing ions through the pseudo capacitance effect. The addition of polypyrrole increased the total of ions removed from solution, however, in all the cases, the values of QE and η were worse than those observed for the AC electrode. Due to the polypyrrole characteristics, the drying temperature used to prepare the electrode was reduced from 130°C to 80°C and when this temperature was reduced, it was verified that this variable had a strong effect on improving the capacity of removing ions and the energy efficiency of the AC electrode.
O uso do tempo de idosos que participam de grupos para terceira idade do município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Paganelli, Luiza Oliva; Emmel, Maria Luisa Guillaumon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5436732652653292
Time is a key resource for humans, structuring its activities and daily life. This daily life organization also develops itself based on interests, wills, social roles and life stages of the subject. Regarding the elderly, studies show there specific occupations to this life stage, due to the transition of productive life for retirement. Whereas inherent specificities of this phase, this work aims to investigate the use of time for the elderly, identifying the complexity and the diversity of activities of this population. It were identified the social and physical context of these activities as well significance and satisfaction levels that the elderly attribute to the activities when performed. The sample consists of 51 elderly from São Carlos who participated in two seniors programs. It were as collection instruments The Daily Activities and semistructured interviews. The results showed that most of their time was spent with Activities of Daily Life and Practical Life (70%), followed by Leisure Activities (24%) and other (6%). According to the physical context, the home itself is where the participants performed the activities. Most of the time the elderly was alone (13.6 hours), but when accompanied, their main companies were family members (spouses and children). The sample was divided into groups, in order to accomplish comparisons in patterns of time use and their determinants among the groups. In general, it was found that there were no significant differences between the groups regarding the time use and physical contexts in which the activities were developed. As for the social context, it were found significant differences, being the elderly aged less or equal to 69 years (p=0,012) and those who were married (p=0,000) performed their activities more time together than alone. It was found that the day was almost fully occupied with satisfactory and meaningful activities for the sample, even if the elderly who practiced exercises have shown higher rates of satisfaction (p=0,045). This study may portray the time use of a portion of elderly, as well as their interests, preferences and needs. Thus, we can shed light to the knowledge of Occupational Therapy and many other areas that focus on the elderly population.
Saúde mental de servidores públicos : avaliando um programa de intervenção para dor
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Monteiro, Bárbara Kolstok; Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8868678989340770; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0747548679295067
Pain disorders are usually related to lower level of general health, quality of life and poores work performance. Brazilian studies show that pain disorders have been described as the second or third leading cause of absence from work. Therefore this replication study was conducted to evaluate a brief intervention program developed by Nash et al (2004) that could be implemented in companies or organizations, which would represent an important advance in dealing with this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a brief intervention protocol, using behavioral and cognitive-behavioral techniques for administrative employees with chronic pain diagnoses. The impacts were evaluated along three dimensions: 1) self-perception of both pain and work impacts; 2) mental health indicators, including measures of depression, anxiety and stress; and 3) measures of functionality and quality of life. The study included five public service workers, between 36 and 61 years of age. Three women had been diagnosed with Fibromyalgia, one with Migraines and the other with neuritis. Time since diagnosis ranged from 2 to 7 years. The intervention was programmed using a multiple baseline procedure in four phases: 1) Baseline; 2) Module 1 (Psychoeducation about pain processes); 3) Module 2 (Relaxation Techniques); and 3) Module 3 (Stress and coping strategies). During the Initial Evaluations and over the course of the intervention, the following instrumentes were used: General Interview, Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults - Lipp (ISSL), Beck Depression and Anxietyies Inventory, FAST and the WHOQOL-BREF Scale. The Individual records showed a correlation between the intensity of pain and effectiveness in working conditions in general (r = 0.86, p <0.001) and for each of the participants. It was possible to observe the effect of the intervention at different times, for all participants. Initially, all participants had health care needs related to stress (four presented scores of resistance and one of almost exhaustion). Two had health care needs related to depression (P4 and P6) and two had process related to anxiety (P2 and P4). One participant (P4) had health care needs on all three measures. With regards to functionality, three respondents reported having difficulty in performing cognitive activities and one of the participants reported having difficulties in both controlling money and managing daily financial routines. The participants had average scores close to 50 points in the four areas assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF. Following the intervention, three of the five subjects had an increase in their total score for quality of life. Four participants also reported less difficulty with functionality, considering all the domains evaluated, with better performance observed in the autonomy domain. The strong points of the protocol were discussed along with challenges in its execution. Further research are needed to.
Torque excêntrico do quadril, joelho e tornozelo em indivíduos com e sem tendinopatia patelar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Ferreira, Ana Luisa Granado; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9775832464948501
Background: Patellar tendinopathy (PT) is an overuse injury, but the factors that contribute to tendon overload are still unknown. The high prevalence of this injury in jumping athletes may be related to hip extensor and ankle plantar flexor weakness, which could lead to a preferential use of the quadriceps to absorb the impact forces acting on the lower limbs during landing. However, no previous study has evaluated hip and ankle strength in subjects with PT. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the eccentric hip and knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor peak torques and the knee/hip and knee/ankle ratios in athletes with symptomatic PT (SPTG), athletes with asymptomatic patellar tendon ultrasonographic abnormalities (APTG) and healthy controls (CG). Methods: Seventeen athletes (volleyball, basketball and handball) between 16 and 35 years of were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups: SPTG (n=6), APTG (n=5) and CG (n=6). Eccentric peak torque was evaluated with an isokinetic dynamometer. Differences between groups were evaluated by multivariance analysis (MANOVA) and the Tukey post-hoc test (α=0.05). Results: The SPTG had a lower eccentric knee extensor torque than the APTG (p=0.047) and the CG (p=0.035), and the APTG had a higher knee/ankle ratio than the SPTG (p=0.015). Conclusions: The SPTG had lower knee extensor torque than the other groups, which may have been due to pain inhibition. Additionally, the APTG had a higher knee/ankle ratio than the other groups, which may have been related to increased patellar tendon load. Prospective studies are needed to investigate whether these aspects are risk factors for PT.
O imaginário do revisor de textos nos ritos genéticos editoriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Sousa, Luciana Rugoni; Salgado, Luciana Salazar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4715941868086733
For many people, text proofreading is something purely exclusively technical, in virtue of their disregard for the complexity of the proofreading processes, such as suggestions made on another person’s text: which has a normative dimension, and thus ideological implications. In this context, we analyze discourses about reganding proofreading, materialized in texts collected from different forums. The goal is to understand the dynamics in which certain discourses are told (or untold), and how they are constructed by others in the traces where emerges a figure of the reviewer. Our corpus consists of a set of data: (i) discourses about the proofreading practices, putted into circulation in different spaces, such as foruns and specific courses for professional readers; (ii) texts relating to text revision practices in a Facebook community called Reviewers; and (iii) notes from editorial Co-enunciator engaged in a process of editing a distance learning textbook. The discussion is based on the theoretical concepts developed by Dominique Maingueneau (2008, 2010) in order to apprehend the Discursive machinery as enunciation scenes that implies a discursive ethos. It allows us to analyze the discursive place occupied by the editorial mediators, looking for the figure of text reviewer. Considering this issue, we also investigate, through the notion of editorial genetic rites proposed by Salgado (2011), the historical, opaque and heterogeneous conditions of the linguistic material with the text reviewer works. The theoretical and methodological guidelines are justified as far as the reflections leads us to a collective complexity, connecting different places and memories, revealing the central position of proofreading activity the publishing.
Ações de saúde coletiva sob a perspectiva dos articuladores da atenção básica à saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Ordoñez, Lina Karina Bernal; Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3204211395230599
It starts from assumption that primary health care has not been able to significantly change the model. The objective of this study was to analyze the merger of shares and public health technologies in the production of primary health care in different cities in the state of São Paulo from the perspective of Organisers of primary care. This is a descriptive and exploratory qualitative research. Study participants were the organizers of basic health care for the RRAS 13. To collect the data, we used semistructured interview technique and data analysis to thematic content analysis of Bardin. The results of this research are presented in the form of three articles, the first article, entitled "Primary Health Care: perceptions, knowledge and experience of the organizers of primary care" discussed the categories: a basic health care "is not staying on the base basic "; the articulator of primary care, professional approach and key in strengthening the link between state, county and health teams; the organizers of primary care program: a right initiative. The second article "The development of public health actions in articulating perspective of primary care" discussed the concepts that support the actions of public health; difficulties in the development of public health actions; facilitators contexts of public health actions; proposals to advance the construction and development of public health actions. The third article "public health practices in primary care" discussed collective health practices in primary care; and health surveillance practices. The results showed that the health teams have been building heterogeneously actions of public health in primary care.
Avaliação da influência de borda em vegetação heterogênea com análise de padrão espacial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-02-20) Dodonov, Pavel; Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9008153877455949
Edge influence, the set of modifications in the natural environment next to abrupt anthropogenic or natural edges, is a serious threat to biodiversity in fragmented environments. Common examples of edge influence include an increased abundance of exotic species and modifications in vegetation structure and/or composition. Edges of linear disturbances, such as roads, powerlines, and firebreaks, are especially important due to their ubiquity in the landscape. Although such disturbances are much narrower than other anthropogenic land uses, they have been shown to affect adjacent plant and animal communities. The combination of edge influence with the natural variation in vegetation may lead to complex and not easily discernible patterns. However, this natural variation is not usually taken into account in studies of edge influence. We employed a spatial pattern approach to study edge influence from narrow linear disturbances while accounting for variation in vegetation (both natural and from disturbance history), in Brazilian cerrado and in Canadian forest-tundra ecotone. Our main objectives were 1) to assess the overall heterogeneity in the cover of native and invasive graminoids, structural diversity and species composition, and 2) to verify whether the spatial pattern of different response variables is affected by anthropogenic edges. Secondary objectives include: 3) to explore different ways in which wavelet transforms and Monte Carlo simulations may be used to assess edge influence, 4) to compare different structural diversity indices, and 5) to assess whether the spatial patterns of different plant species are related to their functional traits. We sampled five 300-1350 m-long transects, three in Brazil and two in Canada. The transects contained one to five anthropogenic edges and one to ten natural edges and were divided into contiguous 1x1 m quadrats. In each quadrat, we estimated the cover of native and invasive graminoids (two transects in Brazil), sampled different structural elements to measure the structural diversity (two transects in Brazil and the two Canadian transects), and identified plant species and their dispersal syndromes and lifeforms (one transect in Brazil). We analyzed the data by means of continuous and discrete wavelet transforms and multiresolution analysis, and assessed significance by means of full randomizations, Markov chain simulations, and autoregressive models. Although some edge-related patterns were apparent for most variables, they were not observed at all edges, and similar patterns were also observed far from edges. The different structural diversity indices showed similar patterns, and species traits, namely lifeform and 8 dispersal syndrome, were not related to the spatial distribution of different species. The main conclusion of our study is that although narrow linear disturbance edges may alter vegetation structure and species composition, the conditions at edges are not necessarily different from what may be observed due to the natural variation in plant communities in non-forest vegetation. Keywords: autoregressive models, cerrado, dispersal syndromes, edge effects, invasive grasses, Markov chain, spatial pattern, structural diversity, tundra, wavelet transform.