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Magnetismo de nanofios de cobalto e níquel fabricados por eletrodeposição em alumina anódica porosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-04) Varella, André Luiz Soares; Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4475272608314836
In this thesis were investigated the magnetic properties of magnetic nanowire arrays of Co and Ni electrodeposited in porous anodic alumina templates. The electrochemical method was employed in the manufacturing steps of templates and growth of nanowires. For the templates, the potentiostatic two step anodization process with gradual reduction of potential at the end of process was employed. The templates presented good regularity, and conductor channels at the pore bottom (dendritic region). The growth of Co and Ni nanowires in porous templates was performed by galvanostatic pulsed eletrodeposition. The samples were characterized morphologically and structurally by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectivelly. For the sample with Co nanowires we obtained nanowires with 65 nm in diameter and 6 μm in length, with hcp hexagonal structure type. For Ni nanowires, samples with 65 nm and 80 nm of diameter and 6μm in length were obtained, presenting an fcc cubic structure type. The magnetic characterization was performed by vibrating sample magnetometry - SQUID, which were performed magnetic moment measurements as a function of magnetic field, temperature and the angle between the applied magnetic field and the main axis of the nanowires. The results showed the directions of easy magnetization axis, the contributions of different types of magnetic anisotropy and influences related to the morphology of the nanowires and the template. For Co nanowires, the shape anisotropy is the most relevant and the easy axis of magnetization is in the direction of the main axis of the nanowires. For the two samples with Ni nanowires, were determined 15º and 26º angles as the respective directions of magnetization easy axis. The effect of magnetoelastic anisotropy is more relevant in the case of Ni nanowires. For both systems (Co and Ni) was possible to verify the importance of morphological factors, in which the diameter and average separation of the nanowires play a key role, because they are directly related to inter-nanowire magnetostatic interaction.
A ciência em romances de ficção científica: leituras e caminhos para a educação em ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-04) Ferneda, Tulio; Pierson, Alice Helena Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4290518050132385
In this research we have selected a group of science fiction novels and tried to comprehend the way science is pictured in the stories. Pérez and others (2001) synthesize seven misconceptions of science that we used to build categories for a content analysis. The epistemology of Fourez (1995) was also an important perspective to this work. This research represents a possibility to discuss science through literature. The most important results lead us to discuss the connections between science and society: power provided by science and technology and it s ethical issues; conceptions of progress; interaction between science and art, labor, economy, religion; possibilities to establish a bond between natural science and social science like History, Philosophy and Sociology. Although issues about science methods and processes could also be found in the novels, those were not the most important kind. The socio-political aspects of science (PIASSI, 2007) are to be considered the key point of science fiction, and perhaps the most meaningful reason to think about this literary genre with an educational purpose.
Uma proposta de capacitação na área da educação musical especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-04) Viana, Ana Célia de Lima; Rose, Tânia Maria Santana de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7104955689746470
Special Music Education is the field of knowledge that covers music teaching and learning for students with special needs. This area has been growing timidly in Brazil, since on the one hand we have the inclusion of music in school programs after the enactment of Law 11.769/2008, on the other hand we have the inclusion of students with special needs in general classes at elementary school. In general, teachers claim not be prepared to work with these students with special needs, claiming lack of training as a major barrier. Thus, it is noted the interest of Brazilian researchers for identifying knowledge and skills required for music educators to work with such students and contribute to the improvement of training and music education in inclusive settings. International literature provides theoretical and practical information relevant to guide studies on training in the area of special musical education. This study aims at analyzing a set of knowledge and skills covered in a course for music educators to work with students with special needs in light of the contributions from such literature and the perceptions of teachers. The participants of the research were three musical educators. The course involved nine meetings in which it was tried to present and discuss with the participants the following set of knowledge related to music education for students with intellectual disability and hearing loss: importance of positive attitudes and beliefs about teaching and the learning process; the importance of obtaining information on different areas of the student s life, the use of appropriate tools to reach these information and how to assess the student s musical skills; characteristics of disabilities that may affect learning and the different types of recommended adjustments. The training involved reading texts about the subject, slideshow and videos, case study analysis of musical practices involving appropriate adjustments to illustrate the concepts, application of concepts and principles of exercises and examples of adjustments. Data for the description and analysis of the training has consisted of records from field diaries, materials and teaching resources and the review of the products of the activities undertaken by the participants. An initial questionnaire and a course assessment questionnaire were applied. The results indicate that the content covered in the training are in accordance with the literature recommendations about training for work in the special music education, and were considered relevant by the participants. The set of teaching materials and teaching and learning activities produced at this training provided information for use in further studies and to be available for in service and pre service music educators. It discusses the study limitations and possibilities for new investigations.
Reumidificação, caracterização e secagem de grãos de cevada em leito fixo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-04) Albini, Geisa; Freire, José Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0018621195367601
In order to contribute to the improvement of the drying process, the objective of this work was the experimental study on the drying of barley. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains of the variety Cauê have been used in this study, as consequence of the scarce information about this material, thus its characterization was necessary, due to the importance of the knowledge of the physical characteristics of the material, such as dimensions, shape, specific mass and porosity, as well as its dependence on different initial moisture contents. The study of the drying kinetics was carried out in a fixed bed dryer with upward air flow in a thin layer. Preliminary experiments were performed to determine the operating conditions of the equipment and to determine the thickness of the thin layer. Drying experiments consisted of obtaining moisture data and temperature versus time, evaluating the influence of the main process operating variables. Based on these data obtained in the drying experiments, carried out at temperatures from 40 to 50°C and air velocity from 0.8 to 4.0 m/s, the influence of the air velocity and temperature drying was evaluated, as well as the procedure of rehumidification of barley grains on the drying kinetics. Kinetic models (Diffusive, Page, Lewis, Herderson and Pabis and Overhults) were fit to drying experimental data. Although the determination coefficient data obtained by the diffusive model are higher than 0,9, experimental data of dimensionless moisture content are underestimated at the intermediate stage to the end of the drying process. The Page model and the Overhults model were appropriate to represent the grains dimensionless moisture content as a function of drying time, but showed an overestimation of the data at the end of the process.
Análise da secagem de partículas de alumina em secador vibrofluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-04) Reis, Térbio Geraldo dos; Freire, José Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2915213392007060
Activated alumina is widely used as a desiccant or as an adsorbent. In order to reuse the material, it is necessary to submit it to the drying process. In this context, a research was carried out to obtain the alumina with the lowest possible moisture using vibrofluidized bed dryer. For a better comprehension of the drying of the material, the development of this study was divided in parts and the first one consists of kiln drying in which the only variable is the air temperature. Then, intending to analyze the variables that are capable to influence on drying process, a thin layer drying was carried out using a fixed bed dryer. In this case there are two variables: the temperature and velocity of the drying air. After that, the material was classified according to Geldart s classification (1973), which allows the inference of important data about the material fluid dynamic behavior in fluidized beds. After having the material classified, a study about the fluid dynamic of the material was performed, followed by its drying in vibrofluidized bed dryer. Tests were carried out to determine the equipment s operating range. Afterwards, the drying behavior was analyzed in different situations, in which air temperature and velocity and also vibration amplitude and frequency were changed. In data processing, diffusive, empirical and ANNs models were fitted to experimental data to analyze which one could represent alumina s drying kinetics. In the range of experimental conditions investigated, it was observed that: alumina s drying kinetics and its fluid dynamic present different behavior for the same dimensionless vibration number obtained from two different combinations of amplitude and frequency; diffusive models fitted well to experimental when the right boundary conditions were used; the empirical models which best fitted to experimental data were Page (1974) and Overhults et al. (1973) models; and a single ANN was able to fit to all the experimental data.