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“A letra é a mesma, mas a cultura é diferente”: a escola dos Tupinambá de Olivença
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Santana, José Valdir Jesus de
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Cohn, Clarice
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5087472600101533
In this dissertation, we aim at understanding how and why the Tupinambá from Olivença make school and how this school has become central in the production of strong people in the culture, update and production of kinship, being a relative and being in the culture, as they usually assert. Thus, we were interested in thinking how being in the culture and becoming strong in the culture are being produced from the school and the relationships enabled and coordinated by it, both internally and externally, in the movement that multiplies the school on the Indigenous territory, especially by the reclaimed areas, in order to understand this multiplier effect that relates to politics among the Tupinambá. This happens because, among these Indigenous people, making school, playing politics, claiming, producing reclaimed schools, being in the culture, producing culture, all these update and produce identity, kinship, being a relative and being smart people.
Avaliação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) da agricultura familiar : estudo de caso na microrregião de Ubá-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Oliveira, Leandro Gomes de
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3851172181112395
The Food Acquisition Program (PAA) and the National Program of School Food (PNAE) are public policies designed to ensure improve food to two heterogeneous publics, the population who are in situations of food insecurity and students from public schools. These policies have as source of supply the family farming, an important segment responsible for producing much of the food destined to internal market. Nevertheless, it is necessary to understand the real impact of the PAA and PNAE on suppliers farmers and to know which of these policies have better impact on the development of family farming. There are studies in the literature addressing the impact assessment on the family farm in both the political and in different cities. However, rarely there are studies analyzing the real impact of policies, PAA e PNAE at the same city. From this, the present dissertation aims to evaluate the impact of social programs and PAA PNAE in economic and social conditions of the farmers in Uba city, Minas Gerais. This will be done using descriptive and multivariate statistical and statistical significance test seeking to achieve this goal. The results show that economic impact of the PAA and PNAE in beneficiary farmers were revenue and product quality. Despite this, weren`t find significant differences of these impacts between these policies. In social sphere, variable quality of life impacted positively only on PAA farmers. Thus, it can be said that the effects of public policies are similar and the PAA and PNAE can be treat as complementary policies.
A palavra como concretude do espírito de uma época : o nascer-já-caminhando das ideologias da competitividade e a agricultura globalizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Caracelli Scherma, Camila
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Miotello, Valdemir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6214829816320750
Today, there are fabulous discourses, which try to monologize the forms of economic, political and social organization in planetary level, and which present the Globalization as a homogeneous process, fruit of the “natural” course of human history, in their different stages of development. In this context, the discourse of competitiveness as a form of exercise of the universal gain, engine of the current globalization, constitutes a powerful vehicle of global hegemonic ideological production – via discourses of global agents, materializing the neoliberal competitive spirit and shaping the way we see the world and its relations in a globalized age. The repetition of discursive patterns which constitute themselves as hegemonic, constituting discourses of different spheres of human activity, has been studied here based on the thinking of Mikhail Bakhtin and his Circle, especially in regard to semioticideological materiality in relations between infrastructure and superstructures and to the dialogical and responsive feature of language. Thus, I analyze the repetition of discursive patterns by the global hegemonic agents constituting the ideology of neoliberal competitiveness, which borns-already-walking and reachs, in the word concreteness, the discourses of many spheres of human activity. I take, for this, official discourses from the Brazilian agricultural sphere and discourses from de competitive regions of agribusiness to, in them, listen to the voices of the neoliberal competitive hegemony in the globalized Brazilian agriculture. However, studying the discourses of disagreement with this hegemony, it is possible to understand that the process of hegemonization and monologization presents itself only as an attempt, since where is the discourse of the single thought right there are the plural voices and the contradictions. The comprehension of the global competitiveness spirit, in the word concreteness, occurs, therefore, in the relation of this dominant spirit with the words and acts of resistance and rupture to break the global hegemonic order.
Biorreator wave como alternativa para expansão de células estromais mesenquimais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Silva, Juliana de Sá da
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Suazo, Cláudio Alberto Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7148964803818935
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are required by the scientific community in the development and enhancement of therapeutic techniques in different fields of medicine. The MSCs are present in small concentrations in tissues, which makes necessary the expansion in vitro for enable studies and therapeutic applicability. These are cells with high sensitivity to environmental conditions of cultivation. So, for increase productivity in vitro is used the technology of bioreactors in the development of processes in order to produce high cell densities in less time, with reduce use of resources and maintaining a safe operation. The new concepts of "disposable bioreactors", as the wave-induced motion bioreactor or Wave bioreactor, with possibility operating in a closed system, controlled and automated, reduced investment cost and operation, less risk of contamination, higher level biosecurity, added to the fact of being a underexplored technology and already approved by the FDA (Food and Drugs Administration) becomes a highly attractive alternative bioprocessing for cultivation of animal cells in large scale. In this context, the present work aims to develop a protocol for cultivation of MSCs in the Wave Bioreactor System 2/10. Experiments were performed to characterize the CEMs's culture behavior in the Wave bioreactor to obtain high cell productivity while maintaining the therapeutic potential of the CEMs. The experiments were carried out with 2 L Cellbag and Cultispher-S microcarrier with 300 ml of α-MEM medium culture supplemented with glucose, glutamine, and arginine and 15% v/v fetal bovine serum at 37 ° C and pH between 6,9-7,4. In the preliminary experiments it was verified that most of the inoculated cells did not adhere to the microcarriers. It was shown that such behavior is due to low relation between adhesion area (AMC = total projected area of the microcarriers) and wet surface area of Cellbag (ASMCellbag), which in the normal condition of operation results an adhesion between 25,7 and 61,7% of the inoculated cells. To solve the problem were performed experiments reducing ACellbag which enabled improvements in cell adhesion by up to 100%. It was also found low performance of the cell expansion phase, presumably linked to operational problems like: microcarriers segregation in certain regions of the bioreactor causing depletion of nutrients, formation of aggregates of MCs colonized with cells and adhesion of MCs to Cellbag. In addition, it was observed that reducing CEM/MC ratio at the start of the culture, the cell expansion factor could be increased to values equal to or greater than 10. These results show that the Wave bioreactor has good potential for expansion of MSCs and that the same can be improved.
As mulheres em Horacio Quiroga: as personagens femininas nos contos urbanos e nos contos de selva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Orlandi, Michelle Fernanda
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Alves-Bezerra, Wilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602719736498812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8052145464901780
Esta investigación de maestría tiene como su objetivo principal comprender la construcción de los personajes femeninos en la obra del escritor uruguayo Horacio Quiroga. El hecho del autor tener escrito para diversas revistas de variedades, e, incluso, el de tener escrito distintos géneros, influenciaron directamente en su escrita, tanto en el estilo de su producción cuanto en su variedad. En su obra destacamos dos grandes temáticas narrativas: los cuentos urbanos y los cuentos de selva. Pretendemos entender las mujeres que habitan estos distintos universos narrativos criados por Quiroga; así, analizamos cada temática sus riesgos y sus especificidades y como reflejan en los personajes que los habitan, en especial los femeninos. Basados en estas informaciones, nos proponemos a analizar tres de sus textos, que en géneros y temáticas distintos tratan de una misma figura femenina: la prostituta. Son ellos el relato Tangos redentores (19126), y los cuentos Los mensú (1914) y Una estación de amor (1912). Para tratar de las revistas de variedades buscamos referencias en El imperio de los sentimientos (2004), de Beatriz Sarlo; sobre Quiroga y su obra encontramos informaciones en Horacio Quiroga El escritor y el mito (2007), de Pablo Rocca y El desterrado Vida y obra de Horacio Quiroga (1968), de Emir Rodríguez Monegal. Para el análisis del narrador, Las voces de la novela (1985), de Oscar Tacca.
Estratégias de melhoria do bioprocesso de produção de enzimas celulolíticas por Aspergillus niger a partir de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para a produção de etanol de segunda geração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Cunha, Fernanda Marisa da
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018
The second generation ethanol (2G) production from sugarcane bagasse is a promising strategy to increase ethanol production per hectare. The 2G ethanol production comprises the steps of biomass pretreatment, hydrolysis of lignocellulose polymers into simple sugars, fermentation and purification. Aiming to reduce 2G ethanol production costs, the development of more efficient bioprocesses for the production of cellulase with high specificity to lignocellulose hydrolysis is needed. Therefore, the goal of this work was finding the cultivation condition more favorable to the production of enzymatic cocktails with higher performance on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis and 2G ethanol production. In order to achieve this, the implementation of strategies to improve the bioprocess for cellulase production by Aspergillus niger in a stirred tank bioreactor was carried out. The enzymatic production under a new fermentation method, referred to as sequential fermentation (FSeq), was compared to the conventional submerged fermentation method in both shake flasks and stirred tank bioreactor. Experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of the fermentation method, agitation speed, pH control, sugarcane bagasse pretreatment and particle size, and impeller type on enzyme production using sugarcane bagasse as substrate. The highest enzymes production in cultivations using Rushton turbine impeller were 1,599 and 4,212 IU.L-1 for endoglucanase and xylanase, respectively, in cultivations under the new FSeq method, using steam explosion pretreated sugarcane bagasse of particle sizes smaller than 0.5 mm, agitation speed of 700 rpm, aeration of 0,5 vvm and pH 5.0. Cultivations carried out using the Elephant ear up-pumping flow impeller allowed higher enzymes production of 2,712 and 5,837 IU.L-1 for endoglucanase and xylanase, respectively. Given the superior performance of FSeq method in comparison to the FSm method, the decision was made to evaluate the FSeq method in cultivations employing different Aspergillus sp strains and with different lignocellulosic substrates, such as wheat bran, soybean meal, and mixtures of wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse, in shake flasks cultivations. Besides the steam-explosion pretreatment of the sugarcane biomass, which had shown to be favorable to endoglucanase production, the liquid hot water pretreatment was also evaluated, which was found to be favorable to xylanase induction. The enzymatic cocktails produced were employed on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis, combined with a commercial enzyme, and the extracts produced under the FSeq method resulted in a percentual hydrolysis gain about 10% higher than FSm cocktails. Moreover, the 2G ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates by FSeq cocktails were up to 7% more efficient than the ethanol production using FSm sugarcane bagasse hydrolysates. The results obtained here validate the new sequential fermentation method as a promising strategy for the production of enzymatic cocktails with higher enzymatic activities as well as with higher performance on sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis and 2G ethanol production in comparison to the FSm method. The findings concerning the effects of different operational variables and cultivation methods on (hemi)cellulolytic enzymes production in a stirred tank bioreactor will contribute to the development of three-phasic cultivation systems employing different types of lignocellulosic biomass in bioreactors.
Localização dos barorreceptores no tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Teleostei: Serrasalminae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Armelin, Vinicius Araújo
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9483179037044768
The cardiovascular system plays the fundamental role of supplying the needs of the animals bodily tissues. It both provides the cells with a variety of elements that are essential to their functioning and drains potentially harmful substances, such as metabolites. All of these items are transported through the blood, the propulsion of which is determined by the pressure gradient created by the heart. In addition to promoting circulation, blood pressure is also directly involved in the maintenance of many other physiological processes, making the preservation of this variable at satisfactory levels a prerequisite for an organism s vitality. In light of this need for ideal pressure levels, important mechanisms for blood pressure regulation have been selected during the evolutionary history of vertebrates, and the baroreflex serves as a clear example. These reflexes begin with the monitoring of arterial pressure by baroreceptors, which constantly inform the central nervous system (CNS) of the condition of this variable. The CNS is thus able to change heart rate and systemic vascular resistance in order to normalize arterial pressure when necessary. Though the operation of the baroreflex is already widely understood and though baroreceptors have been located in mammals, these issues are not elucidated and remain quite controversial when it comes to fishes. Thus, the objective of this work was to locate the baroreceptors and their afferences in a teleost, the Colossoma macropomum. To do so, the occurrence and efficiency of the baroreflex were analyzed when this mechanism was induced by pressure imbalancements in intact fish (IN), fish with the first pair of gill arches denervated (G1) and fish with all four pairs of gill arches denervated (G4). The pressure imbalancements were promoted by the administration of the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine and the α1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin, and the baroreflex was assessed using an electrocardiogram that measured heart rate (bpm), relation between pre- and post-pharmacological manipulation heart rates (%), the time required to reach maximum chronotropic baroreflex response, and total heart rate variability (ms). The results revealed that the barostatic reflex was attenuated in the G1 group and nonexistent in G4 group indicating that baroreceptors may be exclusively located in the gill arches of teleosts.
Mapeamento de repertórios de leitura e escrita em escolas com baixos índices na Prova Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-05)
Silveira, Carolina Coury
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8069690907463696
The Brazilian Ministry of Education is effectively measuring text comprehension by the national evaluation called Prova Brasil. However, lowered averages performance recurrent propagation for the schools raises two assumptions: the first one, that students may not have fully learned previous repertoires, more basic, which might influence their performance in text comprehension measures; and the second one, is related to the fact that Prova Brasil presents an informative character, not having as main objective to provide specific teaching procedures linked to the measures used. This Prova Brasil feature make arduous for the teachers and coordinators to program interventions that produces improvements in this complex repertoire. Both studies of this work aimed to contribute with the discussion of these assumptions. In Study 1 basic reading and writing repertoires were characterized regarding regular and irregular isolated words for 5th grade students of three schools with low rates in Prova Brasil. The results indicated deficits for varied basic repertoires in the three schools, however, were observed most affected performances for writing under dictation and for irregular words. In Study 2, it was described the items construction that composed a reading comprehension assessment, based on a behavioral interpretation. Evidences for validity and reliability were also investigated by the items, using Item Response Theory (IRT). The results not only corroborate the low median performance presented at Prova Brasil by the students, but also allowed verify the validity and consistency of the items to evaluate intermediate reading comprehension repertoire. The two studies allowed mapping reading and writing repertoires, from basic to complex, showing the feasibility of the two evaluations to prescribe specific teaching procedures in order to remediate the deficits identified.
A impressão do consenso : uma análise político-epistemológica do SARESP na Folha de S. Paulo e no Jornal da APEOESP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Farias, Jaime
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Rothen, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0417770586064371
The research is based on the statements circulating in the political/media relationship, from which reviews the statements related to the school performance evaluation system of São Paulo state (SARESP). For this, texts were selected from two newspapers of different natures, published between 1995, beginning of Mario Covas government, which implemented the SARESP and 2010, the last year of the government of José Serra. Folha de S. Paulo characterized as a daily newspaper, commercial, nationwide, whose activities are based on the business logic, articulated the demands of an industrial line news production. Jorrnal da APEOESP is an information vehicle of the union of official school teachers of the São Paulo state (APEOESP), with circulation addressed to the shareholders, free distribution and variable frequency, whose journalistic practices are linked to the conflicts underlying the defense of the rights of the teaching category. SARESP is an external evaluation tool of the São Paulo state‘s school system, established in 1996. It consists of an examination applied to all students in certain grades, being compulsory in state public schools and membership in municipal public schools and private networks. As a theoretical basis for the analysis of texts from newspapers, stand out Foucault's notions of power, statement, discourse and regime of truth. The study aimed to identify, in the political/media relationship, certain statements considered “true”, related to SARESP. It was sought to identify aspects of media practice to indicate the formation of a “performative discourse”, due to the appreciation of criteria of efficiency and innovation, related to the neoliberal policy reform process. The study of the participation of the press in the circulation of “performative discourse” allowed to establish an “impression of consensus” about the SARESP. Although the effects of this process have worked towards interdict other possible discourses, it was noticed that there were some statements that came constitute a "discourse of resistance" related to criticism of performativity's criterias. It is concluded, in this regard, that the statements related to improving the quality of education is interconnected to the statements dealing SARESP as the legitimate measure of quality, featuring the preponderance of “performativity of speech”, however, associated and constant relationship with different settings of “discourse of resistance”.
Influência de aditivos pró-degradantes nas degradações abiótica e biótica do polietileno de alta densidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Babetto, Alex Sandro
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
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Bettini, Sílvia Helena Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3687551763124327
High density polyethylene (HDPE) is widely used in the manufacture of packaging disposables and in order to minimize the environmental impact caused by disposal, have been incorporated, into the HDPE, additives that promises modify polyethylene chemical structure and promote biodegradation. Chemical modification occurs by oxidative abiotic degradation, accelerated by pro-degrading agents, which decreases the molecular weight and introduces oxygenated organic groups into polyethylene. In this study, iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) stearate pro-degrading agents were assessed as well as a commercial additive d2w, based on organic salt of manganese, in HDPE films in thermo-oxidative conditions (in an oven at 80°C and 60 °C). The effect of prodegrading agent concentration and oxidation state was assessed on the degradation of HDPE during accelerated weathering (Q-UV), thermomechanical and thermo-oxidative degradation (80 ° C and 60 ° C). Abiotic degradation was assessed by means of infrared spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography and mechanical properties. Films were also subjected to biodegradation in soil and CO2 content was assessed by respirometric method. The results showed that pro-degrading agents accelerate oxidative degradation. In all degradation processes the abiotic degradation showed to be directly proportional to iron concentration. On the other hand, manganese concentration showed to be inversely proportional to thermo-mechanical degradation and directly proportional to thermo-oxidative degradation and weathering. The oxidation state of iron showed no interference with HDPE degradation, whereas UV radiation significantly enhanced degradation of the polymer. The results show important degradation of previously thermo-oxidated HDPE.
O ensino de Química nas escolas públicas da Diretoria de Ensino de Votorantim (SP): um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Mariussi, Mariana Penna
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Nascimento, Fabrício do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3496410597486943
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2613016773041258
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Varani, Adriana
The research aims to investigate the Chemistry teacher profile who works in state public schools in the Department of Education of Votorantim (SP). For that, it is intended to analyze the teacher‟s group profile who teach Chemistry in those schools, considering aspects such as graduation (specific and pedagogical education), how those workers see the teaching and the learning process of Chemistry, the difficult points they find in their career and to characterize the teachers‟ continuing education. It is believed that several difficulties related to the teaching and learning process of Chemistry in the Elementary Education can be related to the initial training program of the Chemistry teachers, mainly by the fact that in many universities the curriculum framework of teaching is linked to the bachelor education, restraining the specific Chemistry contents to be transformed in the pedagogical ones so that the pedagogical education composes the practical education of the teacher, being a initial education based on the technical rationality model. For an effective research, the qualitative methodological approach was opted, with a study case, where it will be investigated the professional profile of a group of teachers, their conceptions about education and the teaching strategies they use to promote the learning process of their students. For the data collection two instruments were used: a questions report and a semistructured interview. The questions reports were applied during a Technical Chemistry Orientation (held in the Pedagogical Workshop Place of the Department of Education in Votorantim), to meet a large number of Chemistry teachers. Questions were based on structured data which allowed the creation of a profile of those professionals, answering the main question who are these teachers . Just the graduate teachers in Chemistry who accepted to join the interview were heard. The interviews permitted the analysis on how the pedagogical and specific education of those workers was established and how to characterize their continuing education. Besides, they also permitted the comprehension on how those professionals see the teaching and learning process of Chemistry among the students and the difficulties they face in their teaching practice.
Capacitação de pais e professores para ações integradas de ensino de leitura e escrita para aprendizes com autismo e deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Benitez-Afonso, Priscila
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000868072508462
This dissertation was written in the compendium of scientific texts and introduces three studies that support the planning, implementation and evaluation of interventions to ensure academic learning of reading and writing basic skills for learners with intellectual disabilities (ID) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), from the involvement of three different educational agents (regular classroom teachers, special education teachers and parents). First, we proposed a systematic review of national literature about the role of educational agents (Study 1). From the lack of studies that aimed teaching reading and writing basic skills by educational agents, we were proposed a discussion on the role of formal and informal agents, in order to identify the behavior of the agents as applicators reading and writing tasks to students with ID and ASD. Following were scheduled four interventions applied by each of the educational agents with each student (Study 2) then proposed a joint training with all agents and evaluated the reading performances and writing of students when exposed the interventions implemented by them together (Study 3). The suggestions are proposed for conducting future studies and it is expected that the results may assist in the elaboration of teaching reading and writing interventions for learners with ID and ASD from the joint participation of the three educational agents: regular classroom teachers, special education teachers and parents.
Unidade Saúde Escola: concepções acerca da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão dos diferentes atores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Resende, Cláudia Maria Moura
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Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4939507426837896
The indivisibility among teaching, research and extension is a principle established by the Federal Constitution and it is present in documents that guide the Public Policy for Higher Education in Brazil. This principle guides the university activities: teaching, research and extension. The link between teaching and research with the community is made through the extension activities. The distance between scientific knowledge and society should be overcome by extension. The tripod teaching, research and extension are the cornerstone of the Brazilian University, and thus they cannot be fragmented. We propose in this study further our understanding of the indivisibility of the phenomenon of teaching, research and extension at the university, especially in a teaching unit in health. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the conception of the phenomenon of indivisibility of teaching, research and extension of the actors involved in the work of a School Health Unit. We selected as field of study the Health-School Unit (HSU) of the Federal University of São Carlos which develops between their activities teaching, research, extension and assistance in inter and multidisciplinary perspective on health, having as team teachers, administrative technicians and students from different undergraduate and post-graduate health. This is a qualitative study, cross-sectional descriptive and exploratory. The study included 20 servers, among teachers, administrative technicians who had formal ties with the HSU and managers of the Unit. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews. For data analysis we used the thematic analysis technique. The results were presented and discussed in two groups, group 1 consists in the analysis of the interviews with teachers and administrative technicians servers and Group 2 consists in the analysis of the interviews with managers. The results showed that the participants conceive of a different way of teaching activity. While some participants understand teaching as a dialogical and shared process, linked to research and extension, others still conceive teaching as transmission of knowledge. Regarding the research concept, the participants revealed different conceptions linked to the search for new knowledge and phenomenon or event research referring imbalance among teaching, research and extension. The results showed a diversity of understanding about the concept of extension. While for some teachers and administrative technicians the extension activity is understood as the implementation of activities at the university for the community, for others it is configured as community care activity. For some participants the indivisibility of the phenomenon assumes that the activities of teaching, research and extension should be fed back, while for others it is the realization of the tripod activities together. We hope that the study will contribute to reflection and present subsidies of indivisibility among teaching, research and extension, not only in the School Health Unit and UFSCar, but also at other universities, providing a transforming relationship between university and society.
Da saúde à qualidade de vida - por um humanismo bakhtiniano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Oliveira, Fabrício César de
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Miotello, Valdemir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4229128564358595
The word "Health" changed your senses throughout the XX century and their sense of contours are linked to the concept of "Quality of Life". One of the causes was the humanities approach of Medical Sciences and there is thus a kind of biopolitical power locking dialogue between areas, indicating a spectrum tends to be humanizing to distinct areas of knowledge. Health is not only biological, but biopsychosocial-ideological-discursive. Believing that there is in the origin of the term, an early unravel the clues and the humanist phantasmagoria, that would call for an analysis of the rationality of the crisis, by his closest shafts: texts and speeches. Here it is worth, in this thesis, think how Bakhtin (1895 -1975) could contribute to the Medical Sciences, even if it was even written about them. A careful analysis of the discourses of humanization and texts circulated by the official media - especially in the Folha de S. Paulo, March 2013 to November 2014 - on the program "More Doctors" (in portuguese: “Mais Médicos”) and the speech – in October 2013 - the President of the Republic, Dilma Rousseff sanctioning the law that enacted the debated health program, and are starting point for understanding the events and indications occurred and occurring changes in language, ideologies, in subjects and society. It is proposed, therefore, to discuss how heterogeneous, divergent and convergent discourses of Humanization intertwined and are constitutive of each other in the social game in building a more human science, humanistic Bakhtin called. The doctoral research was divided into an interpretation of three designs and two times: the man; the chronotope (time / space); and the Culture; looking for, at first, to understand the dialogic games and tensions that occur within the change within the word "Health". Primarily through the use of the word as ideological sign. In a second stage, took advantage of the theoretical and methodological principles of mutual comparison in GERALDI (2010 and 2012) in four stages: 1) To understand the material dimensions of the sign - the word as an ideological sign; 2) To check your social recognition; 3) To understand their context; and, 4) To interpret the active-dialogical understanding the texts on the program "More Doctors", attempting to analyze the official discourse and everyday counter-discourses tensioning changing the paradigm word "Health", at the beginning of XXI century. In short, in a world that has a tension between the mechanism and humanism, this thesis advocates the humane medicine front of purely objective and abstract technicist medicine, that is, advocates medicine as necessary reflection of the humanities.
Gramática e texto literário em livros escolares de português da primeira metade do século XX
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Medeiros, Rejane Rodrigues Almeida de
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Bunzen Júnior, Clecio dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3757050031013762
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4823013748420772
The main purpose of this dissertation is to investigate and discuss the relations established among grammar and literary text in two different periods of the history of the discipline Portuguese, the first one situated in the 1920s, and the second one between the decades of the 1930 and the 1940, based on the analyses of two main representative didactic works of each of these periods, the Gramática expositive: curso superior (17ª ed., 1925), from Eduardo Carlos Pereira, and O idioma nacional (1944), from Antenor Nascentes. In the teaching of the discipline Portuguese of the first half of the century is possible to recognize an articulation between grammar and literary text, in which sometimes the grammar and sometimes the literary text is prioritized. During the years of the 1920s the discipline Portuguese was characterized through the primacy of grammar, due to the fact that one was giving main priority to the learning of grammatical rules which were assured by the use of literature writers, mainly from Portuguese nationality. In the pursuit of highlighting the literary text in the classroom, in the decades of the 1930 and 1940 a new orientation in the studies of Portuguese was attempted, so that in the official programs as well as in the elaboration of didactic works it was advised first the reading of literary text and after the grammar teaching though the text that was read.
Problemas elípticos superlineares com não linearidades assimétricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Rosa, Wallisom da Silva
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Paiva, Francisco Odair Vieira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2889322093175193
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7545491567456923
The aim of this work is to present results of existence of solutions for a class of nonlinear asymmetryc elliptic problems. The asymmetry that we consider here has linear behavior on - infnity and superlinear on + infnity. To obtain these results we apply variational methods as linking theorems and topological methods like topological degree theory.
Comportamento e interações ecológicas entre predadores terrestres no meio hipógeo de Presidente Olegário-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Resende, Leonardo Palloni Accetti
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6529667394125331
The subterranean environment has a set of unique ecological characteristics, like the low thermic variation, high relative humidity of the air, areas with permanent and total absence of light and the dependence of food input of the surface. Those characteristics promote distinguish ecological conditions that drive and modify the population structure and the ecological interactions of the organisms that live in the subterranean realm, generating communities unique in diversity and structure. This dissertation is the result of two years of work in a peculiar cave system located on Presidente Olegário municipality, Northwest of Minas Gerais state. We monitored seven cavities (Lapa Vereda da Palha, Lapa da Fazenda São Bernardo, Lapa Zé de Sidinei, Lapa Arco da Lapa, Lapa do Moacir, Toca do Charco e Gruta da Juruva), with the intention of answered the following questions: What is the diversity of terrestrial predators that occurs in these caves? Is the distribution of these predators in these caves random or standardized by competitive and/or predation pressures? How these predators behave? Is their behavior telling us something about their relation with the subterranean environment? To do this, we realized five fild works in that caves, where we collected the invertebrate fauna using the manual active search and Winkler extractors. Beyond that we realized field observations of the natural history and laboratory tests of five species of predators that was selected for it. We found a marvelous diversity of predators (79 species belonging to Araneae, Pseudoscorpiones, Opiliones, Scorpiones, Heteroptera, Scolopendromorpha, Geophilomorpha e Lithobiomorpha). The spiders was the most diverse and abundant of them all. Despite of all that huge variety of species, their spatial distribution inside the caves was not related with hard competition among them. The laboratorial tests show that their often coexist and share the space instead of fight and prey each 4 other. Each one of the five species selected for the tests uses the space, foraging and interact with conespecifics in a different way, then we consider that behavior differentiation an important factor of niche segregation that reduces the competition pressures. Finally, we consider the structure and ecological features of each cave another factor that can contribute to the reduction of competition pressures and allowed these caves to sustain this high number of species. Beyond that, we observed that harvestman have a richer behavioral repertorie than the spiders, they are more active, interacting with conespecifics and they spend more time moving through space. However, when we compared the behaviors of these species with their epigean relatives, we observed that there is no significant difference among then. We hypothetize that lack of difference is coused by the fact that the observed behaviors are typical for their taxonomic groups, thus their occurrence in the caves as troglophyles (Eusarcus hastatus, Loxosceles similis, Isoctenus sp. e Enoploctenus cyclothotax) or as trogloxenes (Mitogoniella taquara) couldn t be interpreted as a factor of pressure on their expressed behaviors, probably being instead an important exaptation for the establishment of the populations of these species.
Práticas de letramento na interação em sala de aula : a constituição de uma comunidade de leitores no 5º ano do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Bryan, Kaluana Nunes Bertoluci
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Bunzen Júnior, Clecio dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3757050031013762
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527045517795015
The objective of this dissertation which is from Applied Linguistic field was written to discuss about practices of literacy in class interaction trying to analyze how is constituted reader´s community of a fifth grade in a elementary public school from countryside of São Paulo. Since we admit reading as a social and historical literacy practice (KLEIMAN, 2010) whom its teaching was historically institutionalized by school (CHARTIER, 2004 ; HERBRARD, 2007; HILSDORF, 2012) and which defines its particularities inasmuch it is a surface of the human activity (DIONISIO, 2000; BUNZEN, 2010), we tried to analyze the practices of reading teaching considering visible and implicit elements which brought meaning to them by observing the teacher´s conceptions about reading and readers education and how she shares these meanings with her students. Thereunto, we structured an epistemological transdisciplinary box and we approach our research object in a interpretative speech perspective with ethnographic profile because this is a qualitative research guided by a social and historical view. We keep a semester involved with the community researched staying in field for a month and recording 17 classes in audio type. Beyond recordings we used interviews, we used document analysis (reading contents), field reports which were systematized in event maps and others with distinct nature. The research logic, based on “Ethnographic Research Cycle”, helped us to orient our job proposing analytic questions as from the study of data found during the research. Our analysis pointed to two significative practices in that reading community: Reading Corner and Shared Reading which evidence the teacher´s conceptions and shared meanings about reading as the importance of its taste and habits, the element and strategies of access to materials as an essential factor on reading education, the valorization of literature reading and the importance attributed to fluent reading done aloud. In this community, reading is conceived as a research, entertainment and knowledge socializing practice furthermore it is an important moralizing tool. These results show how complex are literacy practices and docent´s job such as the importance of their analysis inside real contexts and as multifaceted elements.
Limites e possibilidades do uso da webquest no ensino de física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Silva, Willians Gavioli da
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Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4247896330857820
This research aims to check the limits and potential use of WebQuest in support oriented research tool on the Internet in a public school in São Paulo State. The research refers to the implementation and development of a WebQuest, applied to the third year of high school students from a public school located in Caconde entitled: Calculating Costs of Electricity. Through targeted research provided by WebQuest, prepared by research professor, students conducted research on energy consumption consumed by the use of devices via the magnitudes involved with them: energy, power, voltage, electric current and the operating time of equipment used in a residence. The survey was conducted according to the practice developed in the classroom, a dental educational research methodology, which involved three times, which is the before, during and after the application of WebQuest, which were observed, registered to the data were analyzed. It was found that the WebQuest, used as a research tool in teaching using the Internet proved to be a great facilitator of information research, promoting a collaborative environment, the transformation of information into knowledge, and provide autonomy to students, with the focus, the active student, the research methodology and the teacher as mediator. How limits, it was observed that its use requires adequate space, availability of time needed to design and implementation, dedication by the students in carrying out research and care tasks and to establish that the WebQuest, is another resource available to promote the transformation of information into knowledge. The teacher should use it as an enriching feature of the educational environment, to promote the construction of knowledge through an active and critical role by both students and teachers.
A expansão da UNESP face à Reforma do Aparelho de Estado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-06)
Mendes, Talita Marques
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Silva Junior, João dos Reis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7470123176068422
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0442671013172477
Between 2003 and 2013, the São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, has undergone two expansion cycles, which caused the university to present a growth, both at the undergraduate level as at the level of post- graduation. The decade in question is quite significant for the Brazilian higher education, because during this period, consolidated if the expansion policies of public universities, trend not only in the federal universities, but also in state universities of the State of São Paulo. During this period, UNESP underwent a process of expansion of undergraduate education, which took place on three fronts: creating new jobs in traditional courses of units already consolidated the institution; creation of new courses in these units; and creation of new campus, which resulted in an increase of 39.8% in the number of undergraduate courses offered by the institution. As graduation, UNESP graduate has also grown significantly in the past ten years, with an increase of 36.1% in the number of master's courses; and an increase of 44.3% of doctoral courses. The growth of undergraduate and graduate meant an increase of 40.5% of students enrolled at the university. However, there was an expansion of the teaching staff to accompany this growth, because in this period there was an increase of only 16.5% in the number of university teachers, that considering both effective teachers and temporary teachers. If we consider only the effective teachers of the institution, the picture is even more worrying, since, in this case, the increase is only 10.8%, leading us to the hypothesis that the work of these teachers have gone through a process of intensification from the university expansion. Therefore, we try to, from the analyzes of the Institutional Development Plan (IDP), the Graduate Expansion Study Notebook and the data contained in the UNESP Statistical Yearbooks, understand how was the expansion of the university and which relations between the process of expansion of UNESP and the Reform of the State Apparatus, held in the 1990s.