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A formação do técnico em agroecologia na Escola Professora Nair Luccas Ribeiro, no Assentamento Gleba XV de Novembro, SP : sua gênese e seus egressos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Pontes, Flávio Aparecido
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
;
Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026
Agroecology considered scientific approach, theoretical, practical and methodological, based on different areas of knowledge, proposes to study development processes from an ecological and socio-cultural perspective, from a systemic approach, adopting the agroecosystem as the unit of analysis for support the transition from conventional agriculture models for styles of sustainable agriculture. In this context our goal was to understand how was the training of graduates of the first class of the Technical Course in Agroecology, carried into a school in Glebe XV settlement November in Rosana (SP) and the post-training course and the contribution them be as technicians in the settlements or in family plots. It is an applied research, qualitative and exploratory nature. The technical procedures used were bibliographical research, documentary research and surveys. To achieve the research objectives, we analyzed the political pedagogical project (PPP) of the course, the syllabus of the subjects interviewed and 9 teachers of the first class ,. We also interviewed 16 technicians Agroecology formed in the first class in order to verify the performance of these technicians. We carry out visits to four properties in order to verify the performance of these technicians, the techniques used and how the agro-ecological transition is taking place. It is concluded that in the process of transformation, knowledge and social change the formation of the first class of the technical course in agroecology has advanced, transforming through actions and thoughts forms of production of their families.
Familismo, maternalismo e políticas sociais : o caso da política nacional de microcrédito do governo Lula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Miguel, Antonia Celene
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Grün, Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4416584988381559
The granting of the low-income population through micro credit has been held in several countries, mainly as a way to combat poverty. Much of the population served is not only without an alternative income, but without access to loans for fostering economic activities because it is excluded from the traditional banking services. However, most microcredit loans has been held by women. This trend is related to the finding that female-headed households tend to have the worst economic conditions, which would mean a feminization of poverty. This direct relationship between poverty and women has resulted in the prioritization of women for anti-poverty policies as a means to promote their empowerment through access to economic resources. In Brazil women also has emerged as the main borrowers of microcredit loans, mainly under the National Program for Productive Microcredit (PNPMO), a generation of work and income program. In Brazil, women's access to microcredit is associated with the actions of the Secretary of Policies for Women (SPM/PR) to promote the economic empowerment of women through access to this resource type and the stimulus to female entrepreneurship. Thus, the prospects of feminization of poverty and empowerment permeate the issue of gender and public policy, as well as the form of participation of women in social policies in Brazil, where the ideals of familism and maternalism delimit the design of these policies. Considering this scenario, this research is to address the promotion of women's access to micro-credit as a result of a consensus that expresses an interpretation of the relationship of women to the economic (feminization of poverty, women heads of household, empowerment/autonomy and entrepreneurship female). From the Brazilian case, we point out that familism and maternalism produce effects not only on policies for women, but also on policies that, although the family focus, aim at its realization through the leadership of women. Therefore, there is an interweaving of the ideals of familism and maternalism the "new" categories: the feminization of poverty and women heads of household, passing the proposal emphasizes the need to economically empower women. This justification, that makes sense by naturalization of these categories themselves. In addition, another check is that the role given to women in social policies can have a conservative character for meeting a model of welfare policies with familista design with an emphasis on motherhood. But on the other hand, may be part of a policy proposal is nevertheless progressive to try through this arrangement, justify and ensure greater participation and inclusion of women in public policy.
O segredo é a alma do negócio : mídias digitais móveis e a gestão da visibilidade do desejo homoerótico entre homens na região de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Padilha, Felipe André
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5608497895561456
This dissertation wish to comprehend the strategic use of digital and mobile medias by men from countryside of São Paulo state that search for secret relations between men. My field has its base on Sao Carlos’s city, located in the central area of the state, and focus on the use of seeking applications for loving and sexual men partners between 18 and 60 ages. Considering Queer Theory, Brazilian studies of sexuality and other searches about digital medias, I take as hypothesis that the dynamic of secret that involves the homoerotic relations in this area has the objective to preserve the security in spaces such as family and work. Associating the ethnography work to the interviews, quantitative data and sources about use of digital medias, I look for understanding how the secret is connected to the interurban mobility, geographic location, life’s style, education, income and profession. Taking into consideration the social and technical context of medias reception, I analyze which displacements and repertory’s rearrangements to qualify the desire have been possible by means of the conventions and codes flow digitally mediated.
Efeitos da microcistina-LR sobre parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo de duas espécies de teleósteos neotropicais, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) e matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Martins, Nathan Dias
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Kalinin, Ana Lúcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8750681952201253
Cyanobacteria, under favorable conditions can form large superficial masses of green color called blooms. Some genera of cyanobacteria are toxins producers, and during the bloom, there may be risks of water bodies contamination and thus of those organisms that depends on this. Among the toxins produced by cyanobacteria, stands the microcystin. This type of toxin has pronounced effects on the liver, although it can exhibit its effects in several organs. Moreover, it is the cyanotoxin which is more widely distributed in various types of ecosystems. In addition to the phosphatases inhibition, microcystins may also affect DNA repair systems and gene expression, and appear to interact with the mitochondria of animal tissues leading to oxidative stress and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory responses during graded hypoxia and also the biomarkers of oxidative stress in two species of Neotropical teleost, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, and matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus in control condition and 48 h after of an intraperitoneal injection of lyophilized extract containing microcystin -LR (MC-LR - 100 μg.Kg-1 body weight). The results indicate that exposure to MC-LR induced oxidative stress in liver and gills, and changed the cardiorespiratory responses of both species. In traíra, the exposure to MC-LR increased PCO2 values, caused hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate, increased heart rate values and decreased oxygen extraction, it was also observed oxidative stress in the gill tissue. In matrinxã was observed hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate and PCO2, and reduction in oxygen extraction. This specie was more sensitive to the effects of MC-LR, due to the occurrence of oxidative stress in both tissues (gills and liver), and the death of some animals during the development of graded hypoxia. Therefore, our results indicate that exposure to MC-LR has harmful effects on the two species analyzed, both in cardiorespiratory responses, as in the establishment of oxidative stress, however the magnitude of this effect appears to be species-specific indicating major susceptibility of the specie Brycon amazonicus to the effect of this cyanotoxin.
Sentidos do trabalho e formas de participação : o caso da Cooperares - Cooperativa de Produtores Rurais de Agrobiodiversidade Ares do Campo, Assentamento Mário Lago, Ribeirão Preto-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Melo, Thainara Granero de
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2048855070049817
The problem of participation is constantly discussed in the studies about self-managed cooperatives. The participation in rural settlements was studied by different points of view, more or less optimistic, but either consensual or conclusive. In any case in the literature review we verified multiple factors that contribute for workers difficult to truly participate in this organizations, particularly because the access to credit lines and public policies to familiar agriculture are conditioned to cooperatives creation. The goal of this master’s research was think about this problem by the study of the meanings assigned by rural workers of Cooperares, a cooperative in the Mario Lago Rural Settlement, city of Ribeirão Preto, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In qualitative perspective, the empiric research was built by three different moments: theoretical, bibliographic and documental surveying data; cooperative meetings observation; and semistructure interviews with ten workers and two mediators, one of the Landless Workers Movement (MST) and one of the settlement’s technical assistance. The analysis was made by the triangulation of different data sources. From the relational point of view, we identified that the instrumental participation in the cooperative was produced by a pool of psychosocial forces that reinforced institutional and symbolic dependencies. Also the senses about the cooperative has not connection with the meanings of self-management work. On the other hand, the cooperative assumed recognition and belonging functions for the workers, bounded by evangelic values. This different forces revealed that the way which development rural policies in Brazil were conceived and applied reinforce an occasional cooperativism by the need to access public policies, whose participation meaning also is misused by the State to control the workers and strengthen hegemonic interests.
Sensibilidade a dicas sociais humanas e comportamentos emergentes em cães domésticos (Canis familiaris)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10)
Zaine, Isabela
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665572503019533
Animal experimentation with several species contributes to knowledge and understanding of different learning principles and aspects of human behavior. The domestic dog has been appointed as interesting to the comparative study with humans because of the long history of sharing the same physical and social environment. Among the lines of research pursued with dogs, two are of greater importance for the studies presented in this Thesis: sensitivity to human social cues and investigation of potentially symbolic behavior. Article 1 aimed to investigate the role of ontogenetic learning in the sensitivity to social cues of puppies in two experiments. The main results showed that exposure to human social environment had a significant impact on the performance of subjects, as well as the different degrees of salience of the social cues. Article 2 provides a number of experimental techniques used in studies with dogs, monkeys and bees in attempts to establish visual arbitrary conditional relations between stimuli. These techniques were insufficient to produce such a repertoire in dogs and bees and were partially effective with capuchin monkeys. For dogs, there was a prominent interference of preference for positions or stimuli during the procedure. Article 3 presents an experiment of responding by exclusion in a context of simple discrimination with adult dogs. The results showed evidence of exclusion responding for almost all subjects. Finally, Article 4 aimed to replicate the exclusion results presented in Article 3, adding some experimental controls, and evaluate emergent learning as a result of exclusion trials. The data pointed that, again, the dogs showed exclusion responding, however, learning of new functions of stimuli only occurred after a few repetitions of exclusion trials. Combined, these results add data to the literature of behavioral repertoire with dogs and basic learning processes regarding both sensitivity to social cues and symbolic behavior.
Curso a distância de análise do comportamento para professores em formação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-11)
Lorena, Angela Bernardo de
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
The contribution of Behavior Analysis is useful for teachers, primarily the studies about principles of behavior. The goal of this doctoral was to describe the construction and implementation of an extension course for teachers in training from a context not yet explored in national literature: Distance Education. Article 1 presents the process of construction of an extension course designed to teach some principles of behavior - reinforcement, punishment and extinction -, having as target audience student teachers of the undergraduate degree in Pedagogy of the Open University System of Brazil. The activities proposed for the extension course were drawn from the preliminary identification of behavioral-objectives. There were ten tasks and five teaching conditions. Some aspects of the data are discussed, such as the number of registered participants and evasion. Article 2 aims to evaluate the teaching of the concepts of reinforcement, punishment and extinction for six participants from Article 1, considering three activities and two teaching conditions of the extension course. In order to analyze the data, we have considered the rate of occurrence of three thematic groups: 1) To identify or describe the concept of reinforcement; 2) To identify or describe the concept of punishment; 3) To identify or describe the procedure of extinction. The results showed that the learning conditions were sufficient to teach reinforcement for all participants. However, the concepts of punishment and extinction reached only part of the participants, indicating a need to revise the conditions of teaching. This thesis contains, in addition to the two articles, a section for discussion of the data of eleven participants approved in the extension course. This work opens a new research front, approaching the technologies of teaching developed by behavior analysts in Distance Education and its contributions to the field of Education.
Dos consultórios sentimentais à rede : apoio emocional pelas mídias digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-11)
Prado, Juliana do
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Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7255943544162438
The purpose of this research is to analyze the uses of digital media such as emotional support, conceptualized as a social relation in which people are looking for help to deal with emotional demands. These are referred initially to love relationships which lead to subjective processes that deal with gender, social class, sexuality, race, age, occupation, among other possible axes of analysis. The goal is to discuss what digital media settings have assumed about the search for emotional support, articulated the morals of their uses and subjective processes. Thus, the empirical field was constructed from three research fronts: the first analyzes speeches of sites that present emotional counseling through the mode I call as digital sentimental office; the second analyzes the professional use of new technologies by psychologists that provide therapeutic care over the Internet, setting the counseling and the third in which I analyze the online community uses, called networks. I intend to explore meanings and morals around digital media uses from discourses and practices of both people who use these media with these objectives, as the professionals who have joined the appeal of digital media to promote counseling. Throughout the work are presented discussions of these three fronts that constitute this research, in order to point some aspects that allow confronting the different search modes for emotional support by digital media in their speeches, uses and interests remain in the dispute for expertise in this area. The hypothesis is that has set up an emotional support market through digital media. However, differently to other media, the segmentation occurs concomitantly to the uses of people, allowing agencies and flows between platforms which can culminate into other forms of support. The proposal is addressing the elements of emotional support in each front in order to verify continuities and ruptures between what is conceptualized as support, especially pointing to morals and specific forms of subjectivity.
De tombamentos e museus. Estratégias político-culturais no candomblé de Salvador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-12)
Sörensen, Sheiva
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1001249715310400
The work has as study object the Candomble temples Protection process and its museums organization in Salvador city (Bahia-Brazil) and its surroundings. The aim of this study was to understand what issues emerge from the making safeguard policy by IPHAN and the process of "becoming cultural heritage". At first data was collected during field research, from documents produced during the cultural heritage Protection process, especially those of proceedings 1067-T-82 (which reffers to the emblematic Casa Branca temple case) and 1498-T-02 (the Ile Axe Oxumarê tipping) as well from minutes of IPHAN meeting. In a second moment, this work focused on the growing process of museums organization in african-religious spaces. The investigation considered both general context and the specific cases of São Jorge Filho da Goméia afro-brazilian temple and Mokambo afro-brazilian temple.
Processo terapêutico da criança em transplante de medula óssea: práticas de terapeutas ocupacionais do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-12)
Idemori, Thais Clemente
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8053478997750440
Childhood cancer was encompassed as a priority in the public health agenda in Brazil. One of the procedures commonly used is the Bone Marrow Transplantation. The procedures are of high complexity and represent a series of restrictions to patients. A child illness and hospitalization can foster changes in daily life activities, play, leisure, school activities and social participation that will interfere with his/her development and occupational activities. Occupational Therapy procedures seek to provide a more accessible experience in hospital concerning the possibilities of involvement, favoring his/her development through activities. The objective of this study was to describe actions in the occupational therapy responsible for promoting the participation and autonomy in school age children who have undergone bone marrow transplantation, from the perception of occupational therapists. The research was conducted with the report of six practitioners addressing their experience and observations with children who have undergone the transplant. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. A short form of personal and professional identification and characterization and a semi-structured interview script were used as data collection instruments. Aiming adequacy of the interview script, it was submitted to a pilot study in order to perform any needed adjustments. After the data collection, the interview was transcribed verbatim and analyzed under the Content Analysis overview. Through the content obtained in the interviews it was possible to draw themes that were gathered giving rise to four categories: (1) contexts and occupational roles affected by illness, hospitalization; (2) Occupational Therapy processes; (3) benefits to children by occupational therapy activities and the actions developed by occupational therapists; (4) successful practices; essential factors and theoretical principles. The results showed that even though there are variations, the occupational therapist s main practice purpose is to minimize the effects children may experience by the illness and hospitalization. The reapproach to autonomy and the stimulation for the children to get involved in activities were obtained by different therapeutic processes and is related to the formation of the therapist, the child's age and level of development and the use of specific techniques anchored in theoretical bases related to his/her education. This is due to the fact that there are therapists who focus on the organic nature of changes related to the child s needs, while others focus on his/her psychosocial changes. Most therapists use a dynamic approach. The promotion of participation and autonomy reported by the professionals were developed in a therapeutic process, in which the cited activities illustrate the use of that instrument. Current strategies of communication (mail, internet and telephone) have been used to favor the child's communication with his/her environment during the hospitalization process. There are therapists who work in a systemic perspective, in which the various systems that the child takes part are considered for intervention in Occupational Therapy and thus the family, the school, the hospital and the actions that involve nonimmediate contexts, gain importance in the child's different occupational roles. Non-normative life events, such as parents divorce along with hospitalization and transplantation magnify the child's fragile condition. There are other situations, however, where the provision of resources by the hospital positively enhanced the child's quality of life. It is expected that the description of the practices in Occupational Therapy reported here, particularly those responsible for stimulating participation and autonomy in activities for children in school age who have experienced the process of bone marrow transplantation and also the identification of daily life contexts that benefit from this promotion, may contribute to knowledge development in Occupational Therapy in the Brazilian environment.
Desenvolvimento de secador tipo cesto rotativo para a secagem de folhas de eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-12)
Freitas, Juliana Vieira de
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Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000174385402367
The objective of this work is the development of a rotary type dryer for drying leaves. This dryer was built with the purpose of ensuring a proper mixing of the leaves during drying, to obtain a final product with homogeneous moisture and good quality. The dryer consists of a cylinder built with perforated metal screen, coupled to a motor which allows its rotation around the cylinder axis. Air supplied by a blower is heated and fed through the cylinder side walls, perpendicularly to its axis. For drying of eucalyptus leaves, it was evaluated the reproducibility of the data and the homogeneity of the rotary drying basket in comparison to fixed-bed drying configurations using different forms of contact between the air and the material, and also to the conventional rotary drum dryer. To evaluate the quality of the final product, it was analyzed the influence of drying in color of leaves, extracted oil content and the concentration of citronellal in the oil. The kinetic data showed good reproducibility between the repetitions in the range of conditions investigated. It was observed that the set of leaves increased in volume during drying in the rotating basket, and the whole volume of dried leaves was 3-fold the fresh leaves volume. The tests indicated that the rotating basket provided uniform drying of the leaves as compared to drying in fixed beds and conventional rotary drum dryer, with small variation of moisture and average final moisture of 7.3 ± 0.3 % in drying of 50 g of leaves. For a good performance in drying eucalyptus, the volume of fresh leaves should not exceed 10% of the basket volume. The drying in the rotating basket have not provoked browning of the leaves and did not influence the essential oil content.
Narrativas do espólio: uma etnografia sobre o fandango e a perda cultural caiçara (Cananéia SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-12)
Bertolo, Gabriel
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0851321994962607
This dissertation aims to undertake an analysis, based on ethnography between fandangueiros of the southern coast of the state of São Paulo, in the municipality of Cananéia, who seeks to follow the flow as it interweaves Fandango caiçara in the networks established by the agents who engage in the Caiçara culture, in an objectified way, that is, engage with caiçara culture as a political objective and as an "object", at the same time. Thus, from the ethnography, the analysis undertaken here will seek, instead to "explain" the caiçara fandango in reference to a cultural background, show as its fandango transform and act on culture (transforming itself reciprocally), in a objectified way or not. It will therefore be essential for the work done an analysis of pessimism that we call structural with which fandangueiros face their own transformations engendered in their culture, claiming (almost) always that the fandango "it will be over". Will also be under scrutiny the public actions and private agents seeking "revitalize" and "rescue" Fandango, as the increasing heritage policies in recent decades in Brazil, the process by which the fandango was transformed into Intangible Cultural Heritage of Brazil, in 2011.
Propriedades ácidas e texturais de zeólitas ZSM-5 dessilicalizadas ou desaluminizadas – análise do rendimento e seletividade a olefinas leves durante a transformação de cicloexano e metilcicloexano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Darim, Hélio Rubens Abdo
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2577809202130369
Nowadays, the Brazilian petroleum is extracted from very deep fields and possesses a high naphthenic hydrocarbons composition, which imposes new challenges to refineries and specially to the catalytic cracking process. In that process, the catalyst must act maximizing the production of the highly demanded gasoline, diesel and light olefins from heavy fractions. Taking into consideration the above discussed context, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of basic or acid treatments applied on ZSM-5 zeolites (Si/Al=12 or 23) in the activity to cyclohexane or methylcyclohexane transformation. XRD and 27Al-NMR showed that the dealuminated zeolites presented an increase in their crystallinity due to the extra-framework aluminum lixiviation. On the other hand, in the desilicated zeolites occurred a decrease in their crystallinity as a consequence of the extra-framework aluminum generation. MEV images do not evidence any morphological change that could have been produced by the acid or basic treatments, however, the desilicated ZSM-5 zeolites treated under harder conditions presented significant textural modifications. As expected, the chemical ICP analyses showed a decrease in the Si/Al ratio in the desilicated zeolites and an increase of that ratio for those dealuminated ones, being the last variation more significative in the external surface of the zeolite crystals, as was evidenced by XPS analyses. Data from NH3-TPD showed that the acid treatment resulted in a higher ratio of strong acid sites, which suffered more deactivation during reaction. N2 fisisorption analyses of the ZSM-5 zeolites, showed that the desilication done at higher temperature was more efficient to mesopore generation. In the cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane transformation, the dealuminated zeolites were less active due to their lower aluminum content, nevertheless were more stable and presented a small increase to light olefins selectivity. The desilicated ZSM-5 zeolites presented higher activity and higher yield to light olefins that were supported by their lower Si/Al ratio and mainly by the presence of mesoporosity that enhanced the reagents and products internal diffusivity.
Efeito da taxa de reforço e da concentração de açúcar na preferência por alimentos de composição tradicional ou light em universitários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Macedo, Marina Zanoni
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6741519320606547
Food with high sugar concentration exhibits relation with impulsive eating behavior and obesity. This research investigated the effect of different rates of reinforcement and compositions of food, traditional or light, on the choice responses pattern of four undergraduate students. Those foods have similar organoleptic characteristics and different sugar concentration. One study, whith three phases was did, in all of them, two stimuli representing the initial links of a chain-concurrent schedule were presented, simultaneously, to the participants in a computer screen. Choice response in the initial links was followed by the second link of the chain-concurrent schedule. In Phase 1, response in FR1 on the second link was followed by the delivering, in both alternatives, of juice samples with the same composition, flavor and magnitude, an inter-trial interval and another trial. In Phase 2, response in FR1 on the second link was followed by the delivering of samples of traditional juice composition on one terminal link of the chain-concurrent schedule or light juice composition on another terminal link of the chain-concurrent schedule, an inter-trial interval and another trial. In Phase 3, was added primarily contextual stimuli consistent with the structural arrangement indicating which composition would have the juice samples available for each alternative and later this contextual stimuli became inconsistent with the structural arrangement. The sessions presented varied in time. The maximum duration was 10 minutes and occurred, on average, three times a week. The results showed that human subjects have difficult to exhibit maximization in chain-concurrent schedule, have good sensitivity to the different reinforcement rates in chain-concurrent schedule and concentrations of sugar in samples of traditional and light juices composition.
Invasibilidade de Hovenia dulcis Thunberg (Rhamnaceae) em Floresta Atlântica no sul do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Müller, Adelcio
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5926860105977898
Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity conservation, and many studies have been conducted to give an answer to why some ecosystems are more invaded than others. Canopy openness and the litter thickness may be two of the factors to drive the seed germination and establishment of seedling of tree species. Hovenia dulcis is a tree widely distributed in southern Brazil, with intense natural regeneration. It has been reported to be dominant in many natural forests in the southern area of Brazil, where it is considered one of the main exotic species with occurrence in natural forest in this region. This research has the aim to assess whether the colonization time of the species on the remnants is relevant for the invasion process, and if the thickness of the litter and the openness of the canopy are important to forecast the abundance of the H. dulcis. We experimentally addressed which factors are related to the propagule pressure; if the propagule pressure is related to the seedling abundance, if the litter and the canopy openness are associated with the variation on the seedling recruitment; and whether survival and seedling recruitment vary between the treatments under and distant from the mother plant crown. To evaluate the importance of the residence time and the place variables upon the abundance variation of H. dulcis we assessed 25 subpopulations in ten forest remnants, totaling 250 subpopulations. For the trial study in eight remnants, four subpopulations (mother plants) were chosen in each of the eight, totaling 32 subpopulations. In each subpopulation, we delimitated a 1m² plot at the final plot of the mother plant crown, and another at the same direction at a distant twice the crown radius. In each remnant from two subpopulations it has been removed all litter from the plot and the others have just been marked. This experiment was followed for an eight-month period. It has been checked that the H. dulcis colonization time on the forest remnants was not important to forecast the abundance of seedlings and juveniles. Spatial variations on litter thickness and canopy openness explained most part of the H. dulcis abundance variation. This research has rejected the hypothesis that the propagule pressure is related to the H. dulcis seedlings abundance. It also showed that the canopy openness is not related with the abundance of the species. The germination has shown total independence from the extraction of the litter. Nonetheless, it has showed that the mother plant crown exert influence upon the survival of the seedlings, on treatments with or without litter. It has checked that the removal of litter increase significantly the recruitment of seedlings on environments without the influence of adults individuals of H. dulcis, thus showing that the disorders from different origins are fundamental for the initial colonization of the species. There are evidences that the presence of adults individuals of the species favor the establishment of its seedlings, regardless the presence of litter.
Conflitos organizacionais na indústria da tecnologia da informação da região de Campinas/SP: relações entre os departamentos de Engenharia, Produção e Qualidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Gomes, Geovane Ferreira
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8675429126256018
This research aims to discuss the organizational conflict among the departments of Production, Quality and Engineering within the consumer goods manufacturing industry of information technology in the region of Campinas/SP. Describes situations where the conflict was observed in one of the companies in the region. From this description and theoretical research on the subject, a questionnaire is prepared which is subjected to 78 professional staff of those departments who have worked in this company and in at least one other company in this sector in the region of Campinas. These professionals were categorized from two vectors: the Department in which they work (Production, Quality or Engineering), and if they were part of the technical body (composed of Engineers, Technicians, Analysts and Technical Managers), or Staff operating body (composed of Supervisors and Operation Managers). Theoretical analysis on the topic is made taking as central axis the Sociological Theory of Conflict of Georg Simmel, for whom the conflict is positive and element constructor of social relations. The questions to be answered are related to the identification of the structural conditions of conflict, understanding if the same is seen as positive or negative by the surveyed ones, if the conflict promotes the change in the structure of the Organization, and if is contained in the observed Organization or whether it is something common to other companies in the region. The answers of the surveyed ones point out that the Department in which they work, the type of position or function, the performance appraisal system and the dynamics of information technology industry operate as structural elements of the conflict. Moreover, the organizational conflict evaluated do not presents itself as positive by tensing the structure instead of overcoming it, and do not enable the maintenance or improvement of the Organization in its positioning in the consumer market share. It is still seen by respondents as common to companies in the region. The survey responses also point to the failure of sociological theory of Simmel in analyzing the conflict in environments where it is uneventful, because it is unable to produce transformation in the social structure of the Organization, and because there are generalizations in his normative theory about the conflict that have not been verified in practice.
Nonlinear constrained optimization with flexible tolerance method: improvement and application in systems synthesis of mass integration
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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Kwong, Wu Hong
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
Este trabalho visa a otimização não-linear restrita usando o Método das Tolerâncias Flexíveis (FTM) e na aplicação do mesmo na síntese de sistemas de integração mássica. A integração mássica é uma técnica que permite a compreensão global do fluxo de massa dentro do processo, e emprega tais conhecimentos na identificação de melhorias de desempenho e otimização da geração e mapeamento de espécies ao longo do processo. A integração de massa baseia-se nos princípios fundamentais da engenharia química combinada com a análise do sistema usando ferramentas gráficas e de otimização. Neste contexto, o método direto de otimização foi usado como base para melhorias a fim de tornar possível sua aplicação em problemas de síntese de processo, especialmente a integração de massa. O Método das Tolerância Flexíveis é um método direto de otimização que apresenta algumas vantagens como simplicidade e a capacidade de lidar com igualdade e desigualdade sem empregar o cálculo de derivadas. O método utiliza duas buscas para satisfazer a restrição de viabilidade. A busca externa é uma variação do método de Nelder-Mead (ou o método Poliedro Flexível ou FPM) que minimiza a função objetivo. A busca interna minimiza o valor da função formada pelas restrições de igualdade e/ou desigualdade do problema. Esta busca interna pode ser realizada por qualquer método de otimização não linear irrestrita. Neste trabalho, o método das tolerâncias flexíveis foi hibridizado com diferentes métodos irrestritos para realizar a busca interna: BFGS (Método de Broyden, Fletcher, Goldfarb and Shanno) e Powell modificado. O método estocástico do Enxame de Partículas (PSO) também foi empregado para efetuar a inicialização e geração do ponto de partida viável para sequencial aplicação do método deiii terminístico (FTM e modificações). Outras modificações testadas foram o escalonamento de variáveis, a utilização de parâmetros adaptativos Nelder-Mead e a adição de uma barreira. Os algoritmos propostos neste trabalho foram aplicados a um conjunto de problemas nãolineares restritos que compreende problemas de otimização reais. Os códigos que apresentaram melhor desempenho foram o Método Modificado das Tolerâncias Flexíveis com variáveis escalonadas (MFTMS) e o híbrido FTMS-PSO (o Método das Tolerância Flexíveis com escalonamento de variáveis e hibridizado com PSO). Estes melhores códigos foram aplicados com sucesso na solução de problemas de integração em massa. Os resultados encontrados neste trabalho demonstram a capacidade de métodos simples e diretos em lidar com problemas de otimização complexos, como os problemas de integração mássica. Além disso, um problema inédito de integração mássica proposto neste trabalho, a integração mássica de uma biorefinaria de cana-de-açúcar incluindo 1G, 2G e 3G, foi resolvido com êxito com os métodos propostos neste trabalho (MFTMS e FTMS-PSO). A primeira geração (1G) inclui a produção de etanol utilizando o caldo da cana-de-açúcar e produção de vapor e eletricidade pela cogeração. A segunda geração (2G) utiliza a biomassa lignocelulósica para produção de etanol pela rota bioquímica. A terceira geração (3G) inclui a utilização de algas para produção de biocombustíveis (etanol e biodiesel). Os resultados deste estudo de caso fornecem uma indicação de uma forma economicamente viável de conseguir avanços substanciais em termos de consumo de água e redução da poluição.
Serviços tecnológicos e atividades inovativas no sistema de inovação de Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Pakes, Paulo Renato
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Borrás, Miguel Angel Aires
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438042573741789
To compete globally, companies need to build and accumulate technological capabilities for operation activities and innovation activities. Despite the development of technological capability to innovate primarily take place within companies, other organizations in the innovation system may contribute to this process. In this sense, this study aimed to characterize the industrial innovation activities on a Local Innovation System (LIS) and analyze its fragmentation. The local innovation system of Sorocaba / SP was defined as an object of study. An integrated unique case study was conducted, the sample was composed of 43 companies from various sectors. It has been described the level of knowledge of the companies in relation to innovation legislation, the intention of investments in related technologies to market, management and production, the structure of Research and Development (R&D) and innovation management, relevant factors to the practice of innovation , partnerships for innovation, as well as the demand for technological services in Basic Industrial Technology. In addition, Data collected included the supply of technological services from 19 institutions of science, technology and innovation leading to a comparative analysis in relation to the services demanded by the local industry. Among the results, it was found: a) lack of knowledge about the innovation law; b) the intention of investments in technologies focuses on the areas of production and management c) about half of the companies has innovation management department or R & D department structured; d) interaction with STI public and private institutions has little relevance to the practice of innovation; e) the formation of partnerships to innovate occurs mainly with customers and suppliers; f) the interaction among industries and other institutions from the LIS suggests that the observed level of local interaction is reduced, so that the LIS appears as fragmented.
Desenvolvimento de uma matriz de fenda instrumentada para o monitoramento reo-óptico do processo de extrusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Santos, Adillys Marcelo da Cunha
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4714910313876978
A novel slit-die flow cell is presented for the evaluation of extrusion thermo-mechanical history on the flow character of polymers. The rheo-optical concept is claimed once both flow-birefringence and rheological character of polystyrene are probed during the process. To accomplish this task, three pressure gauges are flush-mounted along the channel of the slit-die to determine the pressure drop of the flowing polymer. Moreover, borosilicate optical windows are adjusted into two different sites in-between the pressure transducers. Thus, one could assess the rheo-optical responses at two different entrance lengths. When studying polystyrene melt, the flow birefringence measurements showed different molecular orientation levels along the channel axial direction, being slightly lower in the second section next to the slit die outlet. The viscosity values measured in-process were lower at the second section of the slit-die. In addition, they were well below that calculated from rotational rheometry. By following the time-temperature superposition, the melt temperatures assessed in real time were found to be considerably higher than those chosen as the set points. This was ascribed to viscous dissipation generated mainly at the extrusion barrel boundaries. The real time assessment of polymer melt by the use of thermocouples agreed with estimated ones from reduced variables method. On the other hand, temperature increments were found to be a function of the mass flow. This is not taken into account on bench techniques due to isothermal flow assumption. Rheo-optical measurements carried out at both steady state and transient mass flow procedure showed that polystyrene behaves as a thermo-rheological material and, apparently, the stress optical rule holds for the processing conditions investigated given the independence of the flow-birefringence versus stress curve slopes with feed rate and temperature set-points.
Operadores lineares em espaços de Hardy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-13)
Francheto, Victor Hugo Falcão
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Hoepfner, Gustavo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7742503790793940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9841981864652647
The present work aims to present an example of linear a functional defined on a dense subspace of the Hardy space H1(Rn) to be built, with the intention of showing that despite the fact that this functional is uniformly bounded on all atoms, it does not extend to a bounded functional on the whole H1(Rn). This example was published by Bownik, M.B [2]. Therefore, this shows that in general is not enough to verify that an operator or a functional is bounded on atoms to conclude that it extends boundedly to the whole space. The construction is based on the fact due to Y. Meyer [1] which states that quasi-norms corresponding to finite and infinite atomic decomposition in Hp(Rn), 0 < p 6 1 are not equivalent. On the other hand it will be given a necessary and suficient condition for when and operator T defined in a dense Hardy subspace Hp(Rn) for 0 < p 6 1 is bounded extended. Such conditions were published by D. Yang and Y. Zhou [3].