Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2015-03-10"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Familismo, maternalismo e políticas sociais : o caso da política nacional de microcrédito do governo Lula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Miguel, Antonia Celene; Grün, Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4416584988381559
The granting of the low-income population through micro credit has been held in several countries, mainly as a way to combat poverty. Much of the population served is not only without an alternative income, but without access to loans for fostering economic activities because it is excluded from the traditional banking services. However, most microcredit loans has been held by women. This trend is related to the finding that female-headed households tend to have the worst economic conditions, which would mean a feminization of poverty. This direct relationship between poverty and women has resulted in the prioritization of women for anti-poverty policies as a means to promote their empowerment through access to economic resources. In Brazil women also has emerged as the main borrowers of microcredit loans, mainly under the National Program for Productive Microcredit (PNPMO), a generation of work and income program. In Brazil, women's access to microcredit is associated with the actions of the Secretary of Policies for Women (SPM/PR) to promote the economic empowerment of women through access to this resource type and the stimulus to female entrepreneurship. Thus, the prospects of feminization of poverty and empowerment permeate the issue of gender and public policy, as well as the form of participation of women in social policies in Brazil, where the ideals of familism and maternalism delimit the design of these policies. Considering this scenario, this research is to address the promotion of women's access to micro-credit as a result of a consensus that expresses an interpretation of the relationship of women to the economic (feminization of poverty, women heads of household, empowerment/autonomy and entrepreneurship female). From the Brazilian case, we point out that familism and maternalism produce effects not only on policies for women, but also on policies that, although the family focus, aim at its realization through the leadership of women. Therefore, there is an interweaving of the ideals of familism and maternalism the "new" categories: the feminization of poverty and women heads of household, passing the proposal emphasizes the need to economically empower women. This justification, that makes sense by naturalization of these categories themselves. In addition, another check is that the role given to women in social policies can have a conservative character for meeting a model of welfare policies with familista design with an emphasis on motherhood. But on the other hand, may be part of a policy proposal is nevertheless progressive to try through this arrangement, justify and ensure greater participation and inclusion of women in public policy.
A formação do técnico em agroecologia na Escola Professora Nair Luccas Ribeiro, no Assentamento Gleba XV de Novembro, SP : sua gênese e seus egressos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Pontes, Flávio Aparecido; Fontanetti, Anastácia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834; Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7907514844842045
Agroecology considered scientific approach, theoretical, practical and methodological, based on different areas of knowledge, proposes to study development processes from an ecological and socio-cultural perspective, from a systemic approach, adopting the agroecosystem as the unit of analysis for support the transition from conventional agriculture models for styles of sustainable agriculture. In this context our goal was to understand how was the training of graduates of the first class of the Technical Course in Agroecology, carried into a school in Glebe XV settlement November in Rosana (SP) and the post-training course and the contribution them be as technicians in the settlements or in family plots. It is an applied research, qualitative and exploratory nature. The technical procedures used were bibliographical research, documentary research and surveys. To achieve the research objectives, we analyzed the political pedagogical project (PPP) of the course, the syllabus of the subjects interviewed and 9 teachers of the first class ,. We also interviewed 16 technicians Agroecology formed in the first class in order to verify the performance of these technicians. We carry out visits to four properties in order to verify the performance of these technicians, the techniques used and how the agro-ecological transition is taking place. It is concluded that in the process of transformation, knowledge and social change the formation of the first class of the technical course in agroecology has advanced, transforming through actions and thoughts forms of production of their families.
O segredo é a alma do negócio : mídias digitais móveis e a gestão da visibilidade do desejo homoerótico entre homens na região de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Padilha, Felipe André; Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5608497895561456
This dissertation wish to comprehend the strategic use of digital and mobile medias by men from countryside of São Paulo state that search for secret relations between men. My field has its base on Sao Carlos’s city, located in the central area of the state, and focus on the use of seeking applications for loving and sexual men partners between 18 and 60 ages. Considering Queer Theory, Brazilian studies of sexuality and other searches about digital medias, I take as hypothesis that the dynamic of secret that involves the homoerotic relations in this area has the objective to preserve the security in spaces such as family and work. Associating the ethnography work to the interviews, quantitative data and sources about use of digital medias, I look for understanding how the secret is connected to the interurban mobility, geographic location, life’s style, education, income and profession. Taking into consideration the social and technical context of medias reception, I analyze which displacements and repertory’s rearrangements to qualify the desire have been possible by means of the conventions and codes flow digitally mediated.
Sensibilidade a dicas sociais humanas e comportamentos emergentes em cães domésticos (Canis familiaris)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Zaine, Isabela; Domeniconi, Camila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0665572503019533
Animal experimentation with several species contributes to knowledge and understanding of different learning principles and aspects of human behavior. The domestic dog has been appointed as interesting to the comparative study with humans because of the long history of sharing the same physical and social environment. Among the lines of research pursued with dogs, two are of greater importance for the studies presented in this Thesis: sensitivity to human social cues and investigation of potentially symbolic behavior. Article 1 aimed to investigate the role of ontogenetic learning in the sensitivity to social cues of puppies in two experiments. The main results showed that exposure to human social environment had a significant impact on the performance of subjects, as well as the different degrees of salience of the social cues. Article 2 provides a number of experimental techniques used in studies with dogs, monkeys and bees in attempts to establish visual arbitrary conditional relations between stimuli. These techniques were insufficient to produce such a repertoire in dogs and bees and were partially effective with capuchin monkeys. For dogs, there was a prominent interference of preference for positions or stimuli during the procedure. Article 3 presents an experiment of responding by exclusion in a context of simple discrimination with adult dogs. The results showed evidence of exclusion responding for almost all subjects. Finally, Article 4 aimed to replicate the exclusion results presented in Article 3, adding some experimental controls, and evaluate emergent learning as a result of exclusion trials. The data pointed that, again, the dogs showed exclusion responding, however, learning of new functions of stimuli only occurred after a few repetitions of exclusion trials. Combined, these results add data to the literature of behavioral repertoire with dogs and basic learning processes regarding both sensitivity to social cues and symbolic behavior.
Efeitos da microcistina-LR sobre parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e biomarcadores do estresse oxidativo de duas espécies de teleósteos neotropicais, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) e matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Martins, Nathan Dias; Kalinin, Ana Lúcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493936744279888; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8750681952201253
Cyanobacteria, under favorable conditions can form large superficial masses of green color called blooms. Some genera of cyanobacteria are toxins producers, and during the bloom, there may be risks of water bodies contamination and thus of those organisms that depends on this. Among the toxins produced by cyanobacteria, stands the microcystin. This type of toxin has pronounced effects on the liver, although it can exhibit its effects in several organs. Moreover, it is the cyanotoxin which is more widely distributed in various types of ecosystems. In addition to the phosphatases inhibition, microcystins may also affect DNA repair systems and gene expression, and appear to interact with the mitochondria of animal tissues leading to oxidative stress and apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory responses during graded hypoxia and also the biomarkers of oxidative stress in two species of Neotropical teleost, traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, and matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus in control condition and 48 h after of an intraperitoneal injection of lyophilized extract containing microcystin -LR (MC-LR - 100 μg.Kg-1 body weight). The results indicate that exposure to MC-LR induced oxidative stress in liver and gills, and changed the cardiorespiratory responses of both species. In traíra, the exposure to MC-LR increased PCO2 values, caused hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate, increased heart rate values and decreased oxygen extraction, it was also observed oxidative stress in the gill tissue. In matrinxã was observed hyperventilation, increased metabolic rate and PCO2, and reduction in oxygen extraction. This specie was more sensitive to the effects of MC-LR, due to the occurrence of oxidative stress in both tissues (gills and liver), and the death of some animals during the development of graded hypoxia. Therefore, our results indicate that exposure to MC-LR has harmful effects on the two species analyzed, both in cardiorespiratory responses, as in the establishment of oxidative stress, however the magnitude of this effect appears to be species-specific indicating major susceptibility of the specie Brycon amazonicus to the effect of this cyanotoxin.
Sentidos do trabalho e formas de participação : o caso da Cooperares - Cooperativa de Produtores Rurais de Agrobiodiversidade Ares do Campo, Assentamento Mário Lago, Ribeirão Preto-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-10) Melo, Thainara Granero de; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2048855070049817
The problem of participation is constantly discussed in the studies about self-managed cooperatives. The participation in rural settlements was studied by different points of view, more or less optimistic, but either consensual or conclusive. In any case in the literature review we verified multiple factors that contribute for workers difficult to truly participate in this organizations, particularly because the access to credit lines and public policies to familiar agriculture are conditioned to cooperatives creation. The goal of this master’s research was think about this problem by the study of the meanings assigned by rural workers of Cooperares, a cooperative in the Mario Lago Rural Settlement, city of Ribeirão Preto, state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. In qualitative perspective, the empiric research was built by three different moments: theoretical, bibliographic and documental surveying data; cooperative meetings observation; and semistructure interviews with ten workers and two mediators, one of the Landless Workers Movement (MST) and one of the settlement’s technical assistance. The analysis was made by the triangulation of different data sources. From the relational point of view, we identified that the instrumental participation in the cooperative was produced by a pool of psychosocial forces that reinforced institutional and symbolic dependencies. Also the senses about the cooperative has not connection with the meanings of self-management work. On the other hand, the cooperative assumed recognition and belonging functions for the workers, bounded by evangelic values. This different forces revealed that the way which development rural policies in Brazil were conceived and applied reinforce an occasional cooperativism by the need to access public policies, whose participation meaning also is misused by the State to control the workers and strengthen hegemonic interests.