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Avaliação de parâmetros globais de desempenho de biorreatores pneumáticos através de fluidodinâmica computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-25)
Rodriguez, Guilherme Youssef
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Béttega, Rodrigo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1379682125857376
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018
Pneumatic bioreactors are devices free of moving parts which have the purpose of converting raw materials in bio-products of commercial interest by the action of enzymes or cells. They are promising in the biochemical industry, ensuring good oxygen transfer and consuming less energy. Global performance parameters such as global gas hold up and the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient are important criteria in the design and selection among different geometries of the mentioned devices. In the present work it was carried out modeling and simulation of pneumatic bioreactors based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in order to estimate the global gas hold up and the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient in three different geometries of pneumatic bioreactors: bubble column, concentric tube airlift and split tube airlift. The simulated results of each performance parameter were verified by comparison with the experimental values reported by Thomasi et al. (2010) and Mendes and Badino (2015) for the fluids distilled water, glycerol solution 10 cP and xanthan gum solution 0.2% w/v (weight/volume) in a wide range of specific air flow rate (0 to 5 min- 1). Application suite ANSYS® 14.5 was used for numerical simulations in CFD. Important parameters such as the bubble diameter played a great influence on results of the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient. It can be observed by the experimental and simulated results that the concentric tube airlift bioreactor was the best alternative to the global gas hold up and the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (reaching 14% and 0.06 s-1 for distilled water, respectively). It was found that the results obtained via the CFD agreed with the majority trend of experimental data, capturing the most important hydrodynamic phenomena and mass transfer characteristics, showing that the modeling of different systems with different fluids fulfilled the main objective of obtaining reliable models design and performance of other geometries of pneumatic bioreactors.
Estudo da estrutura de complexos de polieletrólitos sobre as propriedades de transporte de água e sais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-25)
Vale, Rayane da Silva
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Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9352007529619570
Polyelectrolytes complexes (PECs) are defined as materials formed by combining oppositely charged polyelectrolytes together via ionic interaction. PECs have some unique physical properties such as non-solubility in common organic solvents, high surface hydrophilicity, tunable surface charge, and stable structures. A new type of PEC based on chitosan (CS) and sulfonate poly(ethylene terephthalate) (SPET) were synthesized in two different media, buffer solution and salt solution acidified with acetic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potencial, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravity analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the chemical structure, particle charge, crystallinity and thermal stability. To assess how the internal structure of the PEC and the subsequent membrane formation can affect water and salts transport capacity of microporous polycarbonate membrane, PECs solutions were spread via casting in commercial membranes with pore size of 5 μm. These membranes were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Water Vapor Flux, Resistance to Ion Migration and Membrane Potential. FTIR results indicated the electrostatic interaction of polyelectrolyte to form the polyelectrolyte complex. From the results of zeta potential it was found that the surfaces of CS/SPET nanoparticles have positive charges of about 25 to 44 mV. TGA curves showed that the PECs were more stable than their polyelectrolytes. The deposition of the PEC on the membranes was confirmed by SEM images and the increase of water vapor flux of membranes indicated that the presence of the complex significantly alter the hydrophilic profile of the polycarbonate matrix. The microfiltration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells demonstrated that membranes modified with PECs retained more of these organisms than the commercial membrane without modification.
A experiência estética no Cerrado para a formação de valores estéticos e éticos na educação ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Iared, Valéria Ghisloti
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Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1273203310250467
Our world views are based on principles, feelings, emotions that go through a dimension of human life which involve ethical and aesthetic values. However, the formation of values is a less explicit dimension of environmental education compared to the appropriation of knowledge. Some studies confirm the relative silence of aesthetic considerations in the literature and curriculum, so this topic has the potential to be further explored in research and in environmental education practice. Based on an interpretative perspective, we assume as aesthetic experience the possibility of our bodies engaged in the world to realize and create meanings of all forms of existence. From this, this study aims to understand the nature of aesthetic experience in the Cerrado, due to its history of occupation and degradation. In this research, we transition between the modern and post-modern paradigm in order to deeply understand the meaning of aesthetic experience. This transition is the result of our study pathway which was willing to seek for approaches and methods to answer the research question. Therefore, our data collection was carried out using two techniques: 17 semistructured interviews (understood in a modern paradigm, but interpreted together with the research participants) and a walking ethnography in the Cerrado (located as a post- modern methodology), which 08 participants who had already been interviewed were present, and 04 out of 08 were part of the data collection The participants were invited following the criteria of a life story related to the Cerrado, reflecting on a love involvement regarding this environment.The results indicated that the informal and spontaneous experiences in nature, moments of conflict and dialogue were significant for the development of an affective bond and an ethical stance towards the Cerrado. The walking ethnography put the prospect of analyzing the aesthetic experience of the participants moving in the Cerrado and the researcher was also engaged in the aesthetic experience of the Cerrado along with the participants. Instead of being a dialogical and verbal action, this activity is embodied and the focus is the multisensorial experience which involves multi-dimensions of corporality and connections with the materialities of the more than human world. The data that emerged during the walk in the Cerrado supplemented the interviews. In addition, we identified that the participants of this study had an ethical position in relation to the Cerrado, which we attributed to be from the dialogue among participants and family, friends, coworkers and text readings. However, this relationship can not be considered the same in other groups of people, situations and contexts. Therefore, new research questions that continue investigating the relations between aesthetic experience and ethics are necessary.
Tradução das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais dos cursos de Medicina de 2001: análise do projeto pedagógico das universidades federais da região sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Arruda, Fernando Teles de
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Pereira, Sissi Marilia dos Santos Forghieri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8136814539282369
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Lima, Valéria Vernaschi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7945420582384290
The numerous changes in health care, is creating the need for revaluations and adjustments in vocational training policies. The health graduation, particularly medical training, has been challenged in this regard. In Brazil, the National Curriculum Guidelines, adopted in 2001 to guide the Pedagogical Project Course (PPC) health degree, are considered a major milestone in training, promoting the fight against health conditions of the population, expressed in health needs through a critical and reflective formation. Fourteen years after the publication of the DCN- 2001, the goal of this research was to analyze the translation of these guidelines in PPC's. the medical graduation projects of Federal Institutions in Southeastern Brazil were analyzed. The sample was composed of 12 institutions, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For the analysis of PPC's was built / validated an evaluation matrix. two axes were analyzed (i) curriculum and (ii) professional profile, according to the constituent elements of DCN. The analysis of PPC's identified the category "general profile egress" as the one closest to the Policy and Health Management category as the more distanced. The simple publication of the guidelines, as well as its translation in PPC's do not guarantee their applicability, but are an important indicator of educational Instituição. This research points to the need to create the PPC's discussion environments, stimulating sharing experiences, achievements and challenges, respecting the uniqueness of each institution, but stimulating the advancement towards the guidelines.
Depressão e ansiedade em população com quadros reumatológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Jaoude, Thaísa de Carvalho
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Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4273980531985019
Rheumatic diseases have been defined as those relating to musculoskeletal and connective tissues. Through the analysis of the literature it is observed a significant prevalence among patients with these pathologies, and both depression and anxiety. The present study investigated, in two different studies, the relations between rheumatic diseases and mental disorders. The Study 1 presents a literature reviews organized in the form of article. The manuscript presents the product of a literature review in brazilian and foreign databases, in the last 25 years, examining the results on the prevalence of mental disorders in rheumatic diagnoses patients, particularly anxiety and depression. The review was organized to systematize the principal addressed rheumatologic diseases, the countries where the investigations were implemented, the populations investigated in these studies, and the prevalence observed between depression and anxiety in each case. In Study 2 indicators of depression and anxiety in users of rheumatology ambulatory are described, in a health and teaching unit, with exclusive service to users of the Social Health System. It was evaluated 85 patients, 76 women and 9 men, aged between 41 and 70 years. In the evaluation, the following instruments were used: 1) The questionnaire for survey of general information; 2) Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); 3) Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); 4) Inventory of Stress Symptoms of Lipp (ISSL); and; 5) Brazilian Economic Criteria of the ABEP. The results showed that 51.8% of the sample had a education equal or less to complete primary, and 31.8% are retired or removed by social security provision. In addition, 68.2% of them were identified as inserted into economic classes with power consumption equal or less than to Class C1; 37,6% of users had two or more diagnosis of rheumatic diseases. Indicators showed that 43.5% of users were under medical treatment with at least one psychotropic substance, with treatment duration ranging from 2 to 21 years. Users under psychotropic drug prescription had significantly higher scores of depression (Mann-Whitney: z = 6.513, p <0.000), anxiety (Mann- Whitney: z = 6.083, p <0.000) and stress (Mann-Whitney: z = 6.119; p <0.000). The rheumatics diseases most frequently found in the population were Fibromyalgia (n = 33), Osteoarthritis (n = 33) and Rheumatoid arthritis (n = 24). In the general population, there was a prevalence of 43.5% of depression, 57% anxiety and 31.4% of stress. Considering the prevalence of depression in the Fibromyalgia, Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis were observed respectively values of 87.9%, 60.6% and 37.5%. Anxiety showed a prevalence of 72.7% in Fibromyalgia, 36.4% in Osteoarthritis, and 29.2% in Rheumatoid Arthritis. It was discussed the importance of evaluation and multidisciplinary intervention, in particular the psychologist role, for the care of rheumatic diseases.
Search for enzyme inhibitors in cerrado plants as strategy for the discovery of prototype drugs against neglected tropical diseases
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Sousa, Lorena Ramos Freitas de
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3468067160878475
A primeira etapa deste trabalho de pesquisa envolveu uma triagem de extratos de plantas do cerrado paulista através de ensaios frente à arginase (ARG) de Leishmania amazonensis. Os resultados de inibição enzimática da ARG apresentados pelos extratos, levaram ao fracionamento biodirecionado dos extratos de acetato de etila (folhas e galhos) de Byrsonima coccolobifolia Kunth. (Malpighiaceae). Alguns compostos bioativos foram isolados (flavonóides, ácido galoilquínicos, uma lignana, uma fenatrenona e uma ortoquinona) o que indicou que estes compostos seriam os responsáveis pela diminuição da atividade enzimática da ARG observada nos extratos de B. coccolobifolia. Os flavonoides e os ácidos galoilquínicos apresentaram modo de inibição do tipo não-competitivo da ARG, com atividade inibitórias significativas (IC50 = 0,13 à 4,8 μM) e com forte afinidade (valores de Ki variando entre 0,10 à 3,80 μM). Os estudos de relação entrutura atividade (SAR) revelaram que o grupo catecol dos flavonóides, tanto como a unidade galoila das estruturas dos ácidos galoilquínicos, forneceram importantes características em relação as interações ARG inibidor. Na segunda parte deste trabalho, experimentos subsequentes foram realizados para investigar os produtos naturais frente a proteases, as quais possuem funções importantes na patogenicidade de virus e parasitas, tais como: as serino proteases NS2B-NS3 dos vírus da dengue serotipos 2 e 3 (dengue), a rodesaína de Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (tripanossomíase africana), a cruzaina de Trypanosoma cruzi (doença de chagas), a catepsina L de Leishmania mexicana (leishmaniose) e a falcipaina-2 de Plasmodium falciparum (malária). Através destes estudos foram descobertos alguns inibidores das proteases NS2B- NS3 dos vírus da dengue (tipo 2 e 3) e da catepsina L (r-CPB2.8) de L. mexicana. Os flavonóides agatisflavona, miricetina, e quercetina (Ki = 11,1; 4,7; e 20,7 μM; respectivamente) mostraram inibição do tipo não-competitiva frente à NS2B-NS3. Também foram realizados, um experimento de termoforese em microescala (MST) (ensaio livre de substrato) e um estudo in silico, de forma a obter maiores informações sobre as interações biomoleculares envolvidas. Os metabólitos secundários, agatisflavona e ácido 3-oxo-urs-12-en- 28-óico, foram determinados serem inibidores do tipo não-competitivo parcial da catepsina L do tipo r-CPB2.8, e a tetrahidrorobustaflavona como um inibidor incompetitivo desta catepsina L (r-CPB2.8), com valores de Ki na faixa de micromolar (Ki = 0,14−1,26 μM).
Ação da vitrocerâmica bioativa (Biosilicato®) no processo de reparação óssea em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Kido, Hueliton Wilian
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
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Bossini, Paulo Sérgio
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1256982144741336
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two different Biosilicate® (P2O5-Na2O-CaO-SiO2 system) presentations - highly porous scaffold and composite material – on a tibial bone defect model in rats. Two studies were performed; the first one aimed at evaluating the effect of highly porous scaffolds on bone regeneration using histopathological analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunoenzymatic assay. In this study, 80 male Wistar rats (12 weeks old and body weight of approximately 300 g) were divided in two groups (control and Biosilicate®) and euthanized after 3, 7, 14 and 21 days post-surgery. The histopathological evaluation revealed that both groups presented similar inflammatory responses after 3 and 7 days. At all time points, the scaffold degradation was observed, mainly in the border of the material, allowing the ingrowth of newly formed bone. The immunohistochemical analysis showed that the Biosilicate® scaffolds induced the synthesis of (i) ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2), (ii) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and (iii) runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2). Additionally, the immunoenzymatic assay indicated that the Biosilicate® group did not presented significant statistical difference in the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in all evaluated periods compared to the control group. In addition, the Biosilicate® group presented a higher concentration of interleukin 4 (IL-4) at day 14 and a lower concentration of interleukin 10 (IL-10) 21 days after the surgery when compared to the control group. The second study aimed at investigating the effects of Biosilicate®/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) composites on the process of bone repair using histopathological, morphometric, immunohistochemical and gene expression (Real-Time PCR, qRT-PCR) analyses. In this study, 80 male Wistar rats were distributed in two groups (Biosilicate® and Biosilicate®/PLGA) and euthanized 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after the material implantation. The main findings showed that the incorporation of PLGA into the Biosilicate® had a significant effect in the material morphological structure, leading to a pH decrease and accelerating the mass loss upon incubation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Moreover, the histological evaluation revealed that the Biosilicate®/PLGA group presented a higher material degradation accompanied by a higher bone formation when compared to the plain Biosilicate® after 21 days. The immunohistochemical analysis did not show any difference in the immunolabeling for Runx2, RANKL and OPG between Biosilicate® and Biosilicate®/PLGA. In addition, the qRT-PCR indicated that the Biosilicate®/PLGA induced the osteogenic gene expressions (bone morphogenetic protein 4, Runtrelated transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin) at 21 day after surgery. The results evidenced by the present studies suggest that both materials (highly porous Biosilicate® scaffolds and Biosilicate®/PLGA composites) were effective in inducing the repair of tibial bone defects in rats, demonstrating that these materials are promising alternatives for treating bone fractures.
Tafonomia e morfologia de cingulados quaternários da Gruta da Lapinha, Iramaia-BA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Jesus, Jorge Felipe Moura de
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Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4277988664353633
Gruta da Lapinha is one of the largest limestone caves in Bahia state, located in Municipality of Iramaia. In the year 2012 speleologists of Grupo Pierre Martin de Espeleologia (GPME Pierre Martin Speleology Group), discovered a complete skeleton of Holmesina major. In 2014, in a joint expedition between researchers of Federal University of São Carlos and GPME, three more specimens were found and glyptodonts remains. In a taphonomic analysis it was concluded that due to the integrality of the bones, the sedimentation patterns and the lack of some marks, those animals entered alive in the cave probably in search of resources and posteriorly dead locally, however, the deposition of the glyptodont material happened asynchronously to the pampathere ones. And all of the fossils collected in this cave were of cingulates. Cingulata is the order of xenarthrans that has the largest number of species and the widest geographical distribution in the present time; however, it is only reduced to the Family Dasypodidae. During the Pleistocene there were more than one Family; Pampatheriidae was one among them. In that Family, the species H. major was distributed from Northeast to South of Brazil through the eastern regions. Most of what is known about the geographical distribution of those animals is due to their osteoderms that has been found; nevertheless, few specimens with an almost complete skeleton had been found. This paper makes a literature review about phylogenetic relationships and paleoecology of pampatheres; describes two well-preserved new specimens of H. major found in Bahia state, detailing new structures of Pampatheriidae, such as pelvis and xenarthrous vertebrae; compares the specimens, analyzing inter- and intraspecific variations; and concludes that H. major treats being a clade distinct from H. paulacoutoi.
Conceito de letramento: desafios e implicações no processo de aprendizado da língua materna - perspectiva bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-26)
Ohde, Halide de Quadros
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Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9917860612494529
This dissertation falls within the research area of School Education: Pedagogical Theories and Practices. Its central theme is the concept of literacy within the initial learning of the mother tongue of schoolchildren. The origin of the dissertation is the results of previous research which conducted a survey of the occurrence of the concept of literacy. That particular study identified that the theoretical approaches used to support the concept of literacy were stable, with no major variations, and that they were encapsulated in the dichotomised view of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy. From that starting point, this MA dissertation set out to research the theoretical foundations of literacy used in PhD theses that have studied the process of learning the mother tongue, and to check if there has been progress in relation to the theoretical bases of those theses. Our hypothesis was that we would find in these theses greater reflection and new perspectives on the topic, which would go beyond the dichotomous view of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy. Consequently, this dissertation is characterised as a meta-search, which aimed to identify the theoretical foundations of literacy concepts, and to verify possible advances in academic discussions on this topic, within the PhD theses completed in 2002 2013, and which were available in the database of the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations. For our analysis we used a theoretical framework based on studies on the subject by Geraldi, Kleiman, Tfouni, Soares, Ferreiro, Bakhtin, Freire and others. Our methodological approach was inspired by the perspective of content analysis, with the work of Laurence Bardin as a theoretical reference, since we chose to perform a study that categorised by data, developing a qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results point to the existence of academic research at the doctoral level involving the theme, and indicate a possible stabilisation of the theoretical bases of the initial learning of the mother tongue and literacy, indicating the dichotomy between both topics, as well as evidence of advances in relation to the idealist and humanist conception of literacy.
Caracterização e composição química do material particulado grosso (MP10) no centro da cidade de São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Alexandrina, Eduardo Carlos
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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Gonçalves, José Antônio Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337997526924402
Coarse particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10μm (PM10) have long been considered as air pollutants associated with health issues. They penetrate into the upper respiratory tract, causing respiratory problems such as worsening of asthma. The aim of this study was to determine and quantify the distribution of chemical elements in the PM10 particulate matter present in the atmosphere of the city of Sao Carlos (Sao Paulo). Samples were collected daily for a period of 23h and 30 minutes, from April 16, 2014 to April 16, 2015. A high-volume sampler (AGV-PM10) with micro quartz and fiber glass filters were used. The filters were subjected to gravimetric analysis to obtain the mass of PM10 and were then analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy to identify and quantify the chemical composition of the samples. The highest average concentration during twelve-month period was 70.41μg/m³ (August, 2014) and the smallest was 22.59μg/m³ (January, 2015). The annual arithmetic average found for the twelve months period was 42.71μg/m³. If compared with annual arithmetic average limit of 40μg/m³, established by CETESB, the value is slightly above and below 50 μg/m³ (CONAMA). If we consider the limit established by the World Health Organization (WHO), which is 20μg/m³, this value is much higher than recommended. The chemicals elements found were characteristic of urban areas
Aplicações da espectroscopia Raman ao estudo dos efeitos de temperatura e de pressão hidrostática em cristais orgânicos: 2-amino-1,3,4- tiadiazol, 2-amino-5-fenil-1,3,4-tiadiazol e 2-amino-5-(4-deciloxi-fenil)-1,3,4- tiadiazol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Toledo, Thiago Andrade de
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Pizani, Paulo Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1038437165007849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138069407379918
Molecular organic crystals are a promising class of materials because of their excellent physical, chemical and biological properties. Among them, Thiadiazole and its derivatives have been investigated in the last years due their versatility to build new materials as well as their potential use in pharmaceuticals and organic electronic devices. For this reason, the temperature and hydrostatic pressure dependence on Raman spectra of the 2- amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol (ATD), 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol (APTD) and 2-amino-5-(4- decyloxy-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol (ADPTD) are investigated. In addition, complementary studies using FT-IR, thermal analysis as experimental technique and density functional theory (DFT) are also given in order to support the Raman analysis. Decreasing temperature, it can be observed the reduction of band line width and blue-shift (from 290 to 10 K), which allow a better identification of some vibrational modes, in special, in lattice mode region. In contrast, the temperature induces phase transition in the select molecular crystal above 373 K, in accordance with thermal analysis. Furthermore, pressure induces a molecular conformation changes at 0.8, 2 and 2.5 GPa in ADPTD characterized by appearance and disappearance of Raman bands. On the other hand, ATD and APTD show only anharmonic effects contribution.
Tópicos sobre funções de várias variáveis complexas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Coacalle, Joel Rogelio Portada
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Hounie, Jorge Guillermo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7302904386484949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153627834860786
This work shows classical results of analysis of holomorphic functions of both one and several complex variables. Are treated as main topics results on integral representations of holomorphic functions, approximation by holomomorfas functions, the Cauchy-Riemman operator and its homogeneous and non homogeneous equation associated, results on func- tions subharmonics, and the problem of analytic continuation. As the integral representa- tion of holomorphic functions present the Cauchy Integral Formula well as the immediate results of this as are the representation in series of powers, estimates of Cauchy and the most important of the principle for holomorphic functions, these results as much as for one and several complex variables. As the approach we present here the Runge theorem, as well as those resulting from its application in the context of meromorphic functions that are Mittag-Leffler's theorem and the Weierstrass theorem. Subharmonic functions are handled here putting out two main properties and some others that can be seen even in a generalized sense. As for analytic continuation of problems discussed here in the context of several complex variables Hartog the Extension Theorem, some geometric pro- perties of holomorphy domains where we prove a special case where analytical extension called Bochner's theorem, the special case of a domain named Domain Reinhardt, and some properties on the concepts of plurisubharmonicidade and pseudoconvexidade.
Avaliação da biocompatibilidade e do efeito no reparo ósseo de um scaffold manufaturado a partir de um material vítreo fibroso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Armelin, Paulo Roberto Gabbai
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Bossini, Paulo Sérgio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1256982144741336
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Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4106611304688552
Millions of bone fractures occur annually worldwide and the consequent bone repair process is complex, involving many biological events until it reaches the restoration of the tissue integrity. During that process some problems can occur due to delays in the bone healing, which does not allow the proper joining of the tissue. Thus, it is necessary to search for new technologies that work in restoring the integrity of the bone tissue and that promote the osteoconduction and the osteoinduction. In this sense, the use of bioactive materials in the bone repair process is a promising alternative. Following this, two studies (I and II) were developed in order to investigate a new fibrous glassy scaffold, and these studies were based in three lines of research: (i) the characterization of the new fibrous glassy scaffold; (ii) the biocompatibility evaluation of this bioactive material; (iii) the analysis of the biological performance of this new scaffold in the bone repair. More specifically, in the study I the developed scaffolds were characterized in terms of porosity, mineralization and morphological features. Additionally, fibroblast and osteoblast cells were seeded in contact with extracts of the scaffolds to assess cell proliferation and genotoxicity after 24, 72 and 144 h. Finally, scaffolds were placed subcutaneously in rats for 15, 30 and 60 days. In regards to study II, the morphological structure of the scaffolds upon incubation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (via scanning electron microscope) was assessed after 1, 7 and 14 days and, also, the in vivo tissue response to the new biomaterial was evaluated using implantation in rat tibial defects. The histopathological, immunohistochemistry and biomechanical analyzes after 15, 30 and 60 days of implantation were performed to investigate the effects of the material on bone repair. The scaffolds presented interconnected porous structures (porosity of ~75%), and the precursor bioglass could mineralize a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer in SBF after only 12 h. The PBS incubation indicated that the fibers of the glassy scaffold degraded over time. With regards to the biological investigations, the biomaterial elicited increased fibroblast and osteoblast cell proliferation, and no DNA damage was observed. The in vivo experiment showed degradation of the biomaterial over time, with soft tissue ingrowth into the degraded area and the presence of multi-nucleated giant cells around the implant. At day 60, the scaffolds were almost completely degraded, and an organized granulation tissue filled the area. Additionally, the histological analysis of the implants in the bone defects revealed a progressive degradation of the material with increasing implantation time and also its substitution by granulation tissue and woven bone. Histomorphometry showed a higher amount of newly formed bone area in the control group (CG) compared to the biomaterial group (BG) 15 days post-surgery. After 30 and 60 days, CG and BG showed a similar amount of newly formed bone. The novel biomaterial enhanced the expression of RUNX-2 and RANK-L, and also improved the mechanical properties of the tibial callus at day 15 after surgery. These results indicate that the new fibrous glassy scaffold is bioactive, non-cytotoxic, biocompatible and promising for using in bone tissue engineering.
Caracterização da interface de tubo bimetálico cladeado fundido por centrifugação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Dessi, João Guilherme
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1890825439417470
Bimetallic pipes represent a solution for cost reduction to pipelines in the oil and gas industry, because they combine two materials with distinct characteristics in the pipe manufacturing: a HSLA steel, constituting the external part of the pipe, providing mechanical strength and toughness, and a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA), constituting the internal part of the pipe. Bimetallic pipes can be manufactured by centrifugal casting, which gives a metallurgical bonding between the constituent materials (cladding). The objective of this work was to evaluate the interface of a bimetallic clad pipe produced by centrifugal casting, where the pipe was manufactured externally in HSLA steel (API 5L X65Q) and internally in a Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (Inconel 625) by pouring the two constituent alloys at the same side of the spinning mold. Due the temperature loss along the mold length during the CRA pouring, occurred excessive erosion in the steel close to pouring side of the pipe (hotter side) and just a little appreciable erosion close to the opposite side (colder side), where the defects accumulation prevented a suitable cladding in this region. This erosion promoted an increase of the Fe content of CRA. The as-cast microstructure of the steel in the regions where a satisfactory cladding have been observed in the interface was composed by a decarburized region with the presence of low-carbon bainite adjacent to the interface and polygonal ferrite farther from it. It was possible to combine the solubilization treatment at 1200°C/1h for the CRA and quench treatment followed by tempering necessary to ensure the mechanical properties of the steel as described by the API 5L and 5LD standards, without the occurrence of aging at the CRA. The most suitable tempering treatment have been determined at 650°C/1h, according to the mechanical tests performed at the half-length section of the bimetallic pipe and compared with a monolayer API X65Q pipe as reference.
Busca por inibidores de catepsinas em plantas do cerrado paulista e avaliação da proteólise tumoral in vitro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Ramalho, Suelem Demuner
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2040752209646047
The aim of this work is search for cysteine proteases inhibitors using a bioactivity-guided assay. We have selected different plants for the initial screening. Among all evaluated extracts, the ones obtained from Myrcia lingua Berg. showed to be the most potent. Cathepsin B and L are cysteine proteases which play a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix and facilitate tumor progression. Among the obtained inhibitors, flavonoids were the most active against CTSB (IC50 values from 4.9 to 37.2 μM). On the other side, triterpenes were more potent against CTSL (IC50 values from 2.4 to 39.5 μM). The triterpenes showed competitive inhibition and the flavonoids showed uncompetitive inhibition. Aiming to explore enzyme inhibition on tumor cells, we report proteolysis assay using live cell 3D model that allows to localize and to quantify proteolysis in live triple negative breast cancer cells. The natural inhibitors isolated from plants were evaluated against proteases on cell lysate but did not demonstrate good inhibition and we decided to evaluate synthetic cathepsin B inhibitors. A dipeptide nitrile compound (JK_1) was synthesized and then complexed with ruthenium II (JK_2). Caged bioactive molecules that can be active upon irradiation became a strategy to reduce side effects in surrounding tissues and facilitate spatial control over cysteine protease activity. On pure enzyme activity assay JK_2 was less active under dark (IC50 3.4 μM) comparing with light irradiation (IC50 0.3 μM), corresponding to a ratio of 12:1. Proteolysis assay using live cell demonstrated the inhibition of DQ-collagen IV by reducing fluorescence. Thus, the outcomes of this study could contribute to identify new hits for the development of potential anticancer drugs, once live cell imaging proteolysis assay is useful for verifying the efficacy of cathepsin inhibitors prior to testing in in vivo models.
Efeito da kinesiotaping e da altura do banco na atividade sentado para de pé em crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Santos, Adriana Neves dos
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5007550890728426
Sit-to-stand movement (STS) is usually performed in daily routine. It is commonly performed from different bench heights, which modify the biomechanical demands of the task. Therefore, STS could be challenged for subjects with neuromotor impairments, such as children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). It was found only one study that evaluated STS in different bench heights in children with CP. Therefore, we have done the first study. We aimed to verify the motor strategies utilized to perform STS from three bench heights in children with CP and their typical pairs. We found that children with CP modified their motor strategies, such as, increased posterior pelvic inclination, decreased anterior movement of the trunk, increased trunk and knee flexion during standing phase and posterior dislocation of the healthy limb; during lowered bench height. Also, they presented increased duration to perform STS e asymmetrical behavior of the lower limbs. Actually, techniques that aim to increase sensory information is been applied in children with CP, such as Kinesiotaping (KT), although there is no scientific evidence of their efficacy. It has been supposed that KT increase muscle activity. Therefore, we reviewed the literature regarding the evaluation of the effects of KT in muscle activity. We observed that KT may increase muscle activity when applied for long duration in healthy individuals and subjects with muscle impairments. However, other body functions and structures, functionality and social participation do not change when KT is applied. Between these studies we did not find one that evaluated the effects of KT in children with CP. Therefore we realized the third and fourth studies. In the third study we aimed to evaluate the effects of KT in muscle activity and the motor strategies used to perform STS from three bench heights in children with CP. We found that KT leaded to increased muscle activity of rectus femoris and changes in hip kinematics variables. However, other joints angles did not change, as well as the time to perform STS. The fourth study verified the effects of KT in knee extensor torque. We increased knee extensor torque in KT condition, especially for children with outstanding weakness.
Estudo da fauna de Alysiinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, RJ, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Cerântola, Paula de Campos Muradas
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3525746920309667
The present work aims to study the fauna of Alysiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in a Dense Ombrophilous High-Montane Forest area at National Park of Itatiaia, RJ, Brazil, contributing to the taxonomic knowledge of the group as well to investigate a possible distribution pattern of these insects, related to seasonality and along an altitudinal gradient. Samples were collected with Malaise traps (Townes model, 1962), installed at four different altitudes: 987 m, 1,763 m, 2,176 m and 2,206 m. Were collected 1,082 specimens distributed in eight described genera and three possible new genera. Dinotrema Foerster, 1862, Aspilota Foerster, 1862 and Aphaereta Foerster, 1862 were the most common genera, found at the four different elevations. Ilatha Fisher, 1982 and Chaenusa Haliday, 1839 were cited for the first time in Brazil and a new species of Tanycarpa Foerster, 1862 was described. About the seasonality, the greatest abundance was observed at the hot and rainy period; concerning the altitudinal gradient, the group showed preference by highest altitudes, but to confirm these results it is necessary to add more collection sites using different collecting methods. The results of this work showed a great abundance and diversity of Alysiinae, which points the need of more studies not only at the National Park of Itatiaia, but of the whole Atlantic Forest biome, in special at the elevations.
Estudo dos efeitos da orientação do campo magnético sobre a estrutura eletrônica de poços quânticos semicondutores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Padilha, Johnni Xavier
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Castelano, Leonardo Kleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397190485811267
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5951368430579948
This work is aimed to theoretically determine, based on the k p method, the energy spectrum of the minimum of conduction band and the top of valence band, in a quantum well heterostructure based on gallium arsenide, in the presence of a tilted magnetic eld. In this work, conduction and valence bands are independently treated. For the conduction band, it is employed the e ective-mass Hamiltonian when the magnetic eld is parallel, perpendicular, and tilted in relation to the con nement direction of the quantum well, de ned here as ^z. The basis that solves the orbital problem for = 0o is also employed to perpendicular ( = 90o) and tilted magnetic eld cases through two approaches: (i) expansion and diagonalization of orbital part of Hamiltonian and (ii) non-degenerate perturbation theory. The problem for = 90o is also analytically treated, through a basis composed of con uent hypergeometric functions. Results obtained by approach (i) are shown to be equivalent to those extracted from the analytical treatment, for a broad range of magnetic eld intensity and quantum well thickness. Such a result motivates the employment of the basis, determined for = 0o, to deal with tilted eld in the conduction band and with the treatment of valence band, based on the Luttinger model. The Luttinger Hamiltonian is expanded and diagonalized, in parallel and tilted magnetic eld con gurations, with respect to ^z. The energy branches as a function of the magnetic eld intensity are computed for the valence band when = 0o, = 35o, and = 70o. The two topmost states are selected, whose spin characters indicate that both predominantly have a heavy hole type with either spin-up or spin-down. From these levels, it is calculated the electron-hole pair spin splitting EZ, for quantum wells of di erent thickness and for angles 0o, 35o and 70o with respect to ^z. The connection with experimental results is performed by using the data of the Zeeman splitting obtained from a sample of multiple quantum wells made of gallium-aluminium arsenide, on which a magnetic eld is applied in = 0o and in = 70o. The calculated EZ show a reasonable agreement with the experimental data in both cases when = 0o and = 70o.
Desejo, necessidade e realidade: os marcadores culturais e econômicos e suas implicações ocupacionais para o grupo profissional de engenheiros de produção no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Martins, Thais Joi
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Donadone, Julio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1495908295162360
In order to seek answers to the changes currently taking place in the organization of work within companies, the modifications in the professional role of agents allocated in the organizational field and to understand the processes and dynamics that occur between social agents and this new organizational logic3 is that we will open space for the study of the cultural, economic and symbolic markers of life of the production engineers in the State of São Paulo. That is, from the study of their educational and vocational training, which results in their tastes and lifestyles and their different capitals, we seek to comprehend how the organizational dynamism in the 21th century and the relationship of a new "financial" operation engineer occur in contrast with the former acting "productive" occupied by the engineer. Will be analyzed to reflect on the actions and performances that occur within this professional group with regard. In other words, we if the desire to occupy a particular sector corresponds to the real occupation obtained by these engineers and what are the "driving" forces which will conduct their choicesWhat is the real occupation of these engineers currently and why? It is known among these professionals of the engineering that the options in the financial sectors are the most interesting because they are the entrance door to large financial gains and higher wages. Once given this statement, we can ask ourselves: do the choices of these engineers always give the sense of value for money or is there a different logic behind these choices? What is the real role of the economic, cultural and symbolic capital of these individuals in decision-making? The most appropriate methodology for the research is the bibliographical and prosopographical analysis, besides the multiple correspondence analyses inspired by Pierre Bourdieu. We will analyze, thus, through interviews and the usage of questionnaires to the students of Production Engineering from Federal University of São Carlos, from the Polytechnic University of São Paulo and from a private university. These methodologies will help us both qualitatively and quantitatively to delve deeper into the desired positions and the actual occupations of the production engineers, as well as into the relationship of these occupations with the economic, symbolic and cultural markers of each professional group studied. As a result, we found that there really is a homology between the symbolic capital of the agents and their statements when the direction of their professions. This social reproduction logic puts the Polytechnic University of São Paulo at the head of approaching the finance and consulting sectors. Place the Federal University of São Carlos in a secondary position as the symbolic capital counterparts in larger percentage of the choices in the industrial area and the private university studied the end of the hierarchy whose students do not even have the possibility of providing the selection processes in organizations in finance or consultants.
Do desejo como estrutura ao feminino como linguagem : análise de três contos de Julio Cortázar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-03-27)
Castro, Ana Lívia Rodrigues de
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Marques, Wilton José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7774823541139667
El presente trabajo presenta el análisis de tres cuentos del escritor argentino Julio Cortázar (1914-1984): "La señorita Cora" (1966), "Cuello de Gatito Negro" (1974) y "Anillo de Moebius" (1980). El esfuerzo analítico que acompaña a la tejeduría de los tres cuentos selecionados es basado en el escopo psicoanalítico del freudiano Jacques Lacan (1901-1981). El movimiento de la investigación pasa por un percurso de intersección entre la literatura y el psicoanálisis para producir una de las muchas posibilidades para la caracterización de la singularidad de la escritura de Julio Cortázar. La hipótesis que se presenta a partir del análisis es que la producción de Cortázar incide y coincide con lo que Lacan define como el goze místico o escritura femenina. Lacan afirma que el femenino es el no todo lógico, señalando el hueco del lenguaje y que tiene como característica reportar la falta que lo constituye. Las tres historias tienen como hilo conductor el deseo de los personajes. Lo que surge es el deseo como norteador y desnorteador de las relaciones, que consiste en lo que activa y desactiva la visualización de las narraciones. Los textos seleccionados juegan con la deconstrucción de la linealidad de la narración en la superposición de espacio, tiempo y el enfoque narrativo. La caracterización de la singularidad de Cortázar consiste en la búsqueda de algunas características de su escritura e su relación con el feminino. Se afirma aquí la hipótesis, basada en el psicoanálisis lacaniano, que Julio Cortázar cifra el deseo desde una escritura feminina, esta escritura indica la inconsistencia de nuestro deseo y su lenguaje la imposibilidad de compreensión de la totalidad de los hechos.