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Melhoria no desempenho lumínico e energético de edifícios com prateleiras de luz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-27)
Alves Netto, Ary Rodrigues
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Barreto, Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5959358772494551
Energy consumption due to the economic development of countries impacts directly on the environment and causes investments in the power generation conventional or alternative infrastructure. Lighting systems are responsible for much of the energy consumed in buildings and in urban areas, demanding action to improve energy efficiency. The use of natural light is one of the factors that contribute most to obtain energy savings in lighting on buildings. Using natural lighting in improving the lightining performance of the building will be through the analysis of light shelves behavior, redirecting both, direct sunlight and widespread in the celestial dome for indoor environments. To analyze were made computational models of a building on UFSCar and other in IPT, using TropLux software. The simulation results indicate that the use of redirector device of natural light in buildings improves illuminance levels and their distribution in the sites studied. With the simulations results, was estimated how much can be saved in electricity that would be spent floodlit by identifying the level of energy efficiency of the studied system.
Prevalência do transtorno do desenvolvimento da coordenação em crianças de 7 anos de idade matriculadas em escolas públicas do município de Itirapina-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-27)
Silva, Ana Flávia Rodrigues
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Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4088094236675671
The Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) happens because of delay of development of children motor skills, which bring forth difficulties to do their daily activities. Therefore, it is necessary assume a number of diagnostic criteria to identify this disorder, to this end, we have adopted in this work, the identification criteria proposed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in DSM-5. These criteria have started from empirical observation of researcher by instruments of patterns tests, targeted questionnaires to parents and direct observation of children. The main purpose of this thesis is identify the prevalence of Developmental Coordination Disorder In 7 Years Old Children Enrolled in Public Schools From Itirapina-Sp. Furthermore, the specific purposes of this thesis are: characterize the motor development of these children by application of instruments MABC-2 and DCDQ-Brasil; identify evidences of DCD in these children by application of instrument SNAP-IV and compare differences in motor development between genres. Sixty-three children enrolled in four public schools from Itirapina-Sp were assessed by application of the instrument MABC-2. The instrument DCDQ-Brasil was applied by interviews with parents or guardians. Likewise, the instrument SNAP-IV was applied by interviews with parents and guardians to identify children with ADHD. The prevalence of DCD in Itirapina was 7,93% of children, despite the fact of there was no statistic correlation between instruments. It is important highlight the necessity of instruments association in order to comply with criteria A and B, once there is no reports of a unique instrument able to comply with the proposition of DSM-5. Considering the criteria A and B, there was applied instruments MABC-2 and DCDQBrazil. Considering the criteria C and D, the researcher analyzed interviews with parents, guardians and schoolteachers to conclude about the necessity of a multidisciplinary research team to comply with this criteria in a properly. The group analyzed reveal a bigger rate of children with difficulty in handedness (61,1%). There was identified seven children with evidences of ADHD, however there was not possible to observe statistic correlation between instruments or ADHD comorbidity in DCD identified children. Moreover, there was no significant difference between genres. In conclusion, new multidisciplinary researches should be done in Brazil in order to comply with the four DCD identifying criteria proposed by DSM in them current version, once this research was the first identified study about this subject in Brazilian literacy until this date.
Contribuição ao projeto de pavimentos de lajes sem vigas protendidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-27)
Küster, Leandro Dias
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0718993595233743
Prestressed flat plate floor system has been an excellent structural solution for building work when there is a demand for fast construction with less manpower, where the building has height restrictions or when architecture design requires wide environments and major deformations on the floor can be avoided. Aspects like these, make the use of this structural system grow constantly. Although there are cases of built constructions, some structural engineers still feel uncomfortable to use the system, because beyond the scarcity of bibliography on this matter, most of the problems are solved by intuition, and not with technical-cientific knowledge. This research presents fundamental concepts for understanding the prestressed flat plate floor system, as well the designing methods. A comparison of the tensile stress in the slabs is also made, envolving the Equivalent Frame Method, the Finite Element Method and the Grillage Method. The effect of the lack of alignment also is studied. In sequence, examples of prestressed flat plate floor are shown and their structural solutions, using adherent and non-adherent cables, using partial prestress and reduced prestress. At the end of this research comments are made about the obtainned results and suggestions of structural solutions are presented for specific problems that occur frequently.
Estudo de métodos para a dispersão de nanopartículas de níquel e ferro em suspensão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-27)
Zoccal, João Victor Marques
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Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
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Gonçalves, José Antônio Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0337997526924402
In recent decades, several studies have been conducted on the generation of materials at the nanoscale, not only by offering possible risks when inhaled, but also by the various applications that can be employed. Among the various equipment used for the generation of particles, atomizers generators have proved efficient and economical. Although many studies have used materials in solution, in which the material is dissolved in the solvent, generation of particles, it has been observed growing interest in the study of suspended nanometric materials, in which there is dispersion in the solvent. In addition, this growing interest in the suspended study materials is due to the need to generate solid aerosols from oxides, since they have high added value and important to be recaptured and intended back into production. Given the presented work aimed to disperse nanoparticles from suspensions, evaluating the time of the generation process over a period of 10 hours, for different equipment. The nanoparticles were generated by atomization of nickel and iron oxides suspensions at different concentrations and the atomization process were used three generator, a generator from TSI, model 3079, a commercial inhaler of the brand NS, model I-205 and a fluidized bed generator, model 3400. The size distribution and concentration of particles was determined by a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), Model 3936 and a Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS), Model 3320, both from TSI, being sampled directly from the aerosol. The results relating to the dispersion of nanoparticles from the suspension of nickel and iron oxide proved effective in 10 hour period. However, TSI generator showed a dispersion of particles with a more uniform distribution, whereas the commercial inhaler dispersed a greater number of particles per cm3. In addition, the collection of particles by APS, there was the generation of micrometric particles, since the particles are already being generated aglomeradamente, which was observed in SEM and TEM images.
Medicalização na educação: sentidos de professoras e de uma psicóloga que atua na área educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Santos, Caio Cesar Portella
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Sant'Ana, Izabella Mendes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7860235863062183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7136341571074964
This study aim to investigate the senses attributed of elementary public school teachers and an educational psychologist about the medicalization problem during the educational process and sought to understand the referral process and assessment of students with suspected learning disorders in the city of Bauru. The study was based in a survey answered by a regular teacher, a teacher for special students and an educational psychologist. The survey was guided by the Historical-Cultural Theory and involved semi-structured interviews, participant observation and records in the field diaries. The results indicated that: a) there is a systematization of the referral process that includes school internal procedures, involving the regular teacher and the teacher for special students, preceding the referral of children with learning disorders for the specialized institutions contracted by the local government; b) there is a great disproportion in public schools between the diagnoses related to school problems when compared to all other possible diagnoses in the field of Special Education, indicating that most of the diagnoses in school are inconclusive or pointing unspecified disorders; c) the reasons highlighted by the participants for the referral of students covered aspects such as lack of attention; disinterest; hyperactivity and difficulties in reading and writing; d) the participants considered that family education contributes to the occurrence of school failure, especially regarding lack of support and the settlement of limits by the parents; e) professional interviewed consider that in certain situations the use of medication is necessary, such as ADHD, regardless the school context and educational activities proposed. We emphasize the need to know how referrals and diagnoses are produced as well as the meanings constructed by the professionals involved in the process in order to discuss them. Finally, we discuss the importance of critically analyze the multiple factors related to school complaints, in order to overcome reductionist views that tend to pathologization and blame the children for not learn in school.
Distribuição espacial da resistência do solo vista sob o prisma da fragilidade ambiental para a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) de Botucatu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Yoshida, Fernando de Alvarenga
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Stolf, Rubismar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2436951279203355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6103363408577115
This study, conducted in the limits of EPA of Botucatu, sought by the spatial distribution of soil strength, prepare an environmental fragility index of soil resistance and using methodologies such as the analysis of environmental fragility, geostatistics and multi-criteria decision analysis generate a environmental fragility map of the study object. The sample area was divided into 78 quadrants where data were collected on the soil resistance with an impact penetrometer, slope, soil types and land use and vegetation cover. It has been prepared an environmental fragility index for soil strength and weaknesses and maps were generated for each parameter and raised by map algebra in a multi-criteria decision analysis, the preparation of the environmental fragility map. The results can be noted that the slope, the lowest average of soil resistance were found in the higher slope (2,38 MPa - 20-40% and 2,92 MPa - greater than 40%) and this group showed significant differences compared to other classes of minor steepness (6.44 MPa to 6%, 7.11 MPa 6 to 12 MPa and 4.85% from 12 to 20%) at a depth of 0 to 20cm. There were significant differences between the different types of land use and vegetation cover. Sugarcane (9,35 MPa) and grazing (9,05 MPa) had the highest average resistance, differing from citrus (6.23 MPa) that differed from perennial crops such as eucalyptus forests (5,28 MPa), the coffee (3,58 MPa) and native forests (2,33 MPa) that formed the last group of least resistance in the layer 0-20 cm soil. In the spatial distribution of soil resistance, ordinary kriging in the exponential semivariogram model proved the most efficient method, given the parameters of the cross validation compared with gausian and spherical models. The multi-criteria decision analysis, through map algebra, generated the final product of this study, the map of environmental fragility to the EPA of Botucatu which showed that 32.43% of the total sample area are within lower fragility environmental classes and 67.57% of the total sample area are averaged fragility classes to very high fragility.
A política nacional de humanização: concepções de equipes de saúde da família do município de João Pessoa – PB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Vieira, Paula Regina Tavares
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Ogata, Márcia Niituma
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4085415151090210
With the creation of the SUS in the Federal Constitution of Brazil in 1988, a new health care model was established. In order to effectively meet the population fully, health policies are necessary increasingly strong and participatory. Thus, the demand for a more humanized and comprehensive care less fragmenting emerged and the HNP came to just take his place of mainstreaming policy across all levels of governments and involving all subjects in a humanized care process. The general objective was to analyze the conceptions of employees of Health teams PNH family from the analysis of the concept of humanization of workers in the ESF, the presence of PNH devices in daily work and workers' perceptions about care in health through the implementation of the HNP devices. A qualitative study of analytical exploratory approach was carried out in health facilities of the Family Health Strategy in a town in northeastern Brazil. Had as research subjects health professionals working in 13 health facilities in the District III. The technique used for the collection was focus groups with the use of a script with guiding questions and a questionnaire to obtain objective data profile. After approval of the CEP UFSCar and signing the informed consent by the subjects, the discussions were recorded and later transcribed. Data were organized through ALCESTE software, which identified 416 UCE, divided into two classes so-called Class 1 - Knowledge and identification of PNH and its features in the routine of health workers and Class 2 - health care Humanization X dehumanization of health work. The analysis of these UCE pointed out that the subjects reported a superficial contact with PNH. The lack of adequate training has negative repercussions on the progress of activities. There is the need to qualify the service organizing them in order to receive and solve the user's problem and developing empathy among workers and between them and the users. There is a disbelief in the work of management, the process of integration between the teams is harmed, even among integrated teams, recognizing physical illness when care in full is not made reciprocal. Conclusions: Workers have not yet clear on how to implement the HNP devices in their work process, identify some moves towards the host of devices and institutional support, seizing way to humanize and own health policy as a means of care integral. The relationship between managers and workers must be more effective and the difficulty of dialogue between staff and management can be overcome with new forms of integration. The NHP can and should be used in this process involved in provoking discussions and reflections to new ways of caring, proposing changes in the environments of the teams, a movement of exchange of knowledge and care, explicitly exercising the right to health of qualified and active form.
Estudo experimental de efeitos de spin em heteroestruturas semicondutoras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Gordo, Vanessa Orsi
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Gobato, Yara Galvão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558531056409406
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2725058070923688
In this thesis, we have investigated optical and spin properties of semiconductor nanostructures. Photoluminescence and magneto-photoluminescence measurements were performed in high magnetic field (B ≤ 15T), in GaBiAs nanostructures and GaAs /AlGaAs semiconductor devices. Particularly, we have studied: (i) GaBiAs layers, (ii) GaBiAs/GaAs quantum wells (QW) (iii) standard GaAs / AlGaAs resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and (iv) GaAs / AlGaAs RTDs containing quantum rings of InAs in the QW. We have investigated the effect of carrier localization by defects on the optical and spin properties of GaBiAs layers and nanostructures. Our results evidence important effects of carrier location by defects which was associate by small values of magnetic shifts. This effect is probably due to the formation of clusters and by the Bi composition variation on this type of alloy. It was also observed that the thermal annealing treatment improves the optical quality of these systems and increases the polarization degree which was associated to the reduction of spin relaxation times. We have also investigated the optical properties, magneto-optical and of transport in double barrier semiconductor heterostructures. Particularly, we have investigated the optical and spin properties of two dimensional electron and hole gases and the quantum well (QW). It was observe optical emission in the QW associate to the criation of uncharged exciton and negative charge exciton. The two dimensional gases acts as a spin polarize carriers injection in the QW, increasing thus the spin polarization in this region. The experimental results indicated that this process is more efficient in low voltage region. For high voltages region other processes, such as formation of tríons and spin polarization loss during tunneling should result in a significant contribution to the spin and polarization. Furthermore, it was investigated the spin properties of double barrier diodes containing InAs quantum rings in the center of the QW. It was observe that the degree of circular polarization of the emission of the QRs strongly sensitive to the applied voltage shows oscillation and besides one possible polarization oscillations tendency with the increase of the magnetic field.
Espaços desconstruídos livres no centro de Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Silva, Denise Elaine Simões da
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Francisco, José
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Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9407228579999668
When mankind began its relationship with nature, the space started to suffer transformations as a consequence of this interaction. The urban landscape of the cities, seen as a mixture of new and old spatial interventions and directly related to destructions, the modifications and possible vestiges of natural space appear as a scenario that must be studied, understood and diagnosed. “space deconstruction” stands right in the recovery of this totality, the essence of constructions and anthropic actions; as a new way of looking at the city we are producing. The present dissertation proposes to identify and classify the “free deconstructed spaces” of a perimeter selected from the central quadrilateral region of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (the historical center of Ribeirão Preto), indicating likely areas to receiving possible occupations of social interest housing and urban public policy instruments that can motivate such actions and make them feasible. In light of this, analysis criteria were created based on the typologies of the “minimal deconstruction”, as a method to characterize and hierarchize these spaces. The results allowed us to identify requalification processes of central areas of the cities, while not only conserving a greater constructive and architectural patrimony, but also engaging them socially.
Transformadores elétricos com núcleo de liga amorfa para aplicação em aeronaves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-28)
Silva, Wagner Angelo da
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Jorge Júnior, Alberto Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6360362248108490
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5336516408192676
In order to reduce the mass of eletrical transformers and generators in aircrafts, many manufacturers have adopted 400 Hz as the operation of these devices. However this frequency causes increased core losses which were disregarded due to the small involved powers and non continuous basis operations. By considering similar sizes, newer aircraft models are more electricity dependent and the generated power increased from 240 kVA to 1000 kVA. In this new scenario losses cannot be neglected and other options for increased efficiency should be considered. Iron-based amorphous transformer cores AEFture reduction by up to 70% loss while operating in 50- 60 Hz. However smaller magnetic saturation induction values result in higher weight than similar cores made of crystalline Fe-Si, therefore, undesirable in aircraft. This work discusses that, when particularities of aeronautical transformers are considered, one can design a power transformer with an amorphous core with smaller mass and losses than a similar with a Fe-Si crystalline based core. For this purpose, a hand-made amorphous core transformer was built to operate at 400 Hz, which has been thermo-magnetically treated to enhance its electromagnetic properties. Through electrical test, equivalent circuits of transformer were obtained for both core conditions: unannealed and annealed. Comparisons of masses and losses between an aircraft transformer with crystalline core and the hand-made amorphous one show that the latter has lower losses and that, when obeyed the particularities for aeronautical transformers, they may have smaller masses. Details and explanations about the thermomagnetic treatment, evidencing by X-ray diffraction of no-crystallization, after core heat-treatment and hand-made transformer evaluation through simulation are also included in this work.
Envelhecimento, experiência e competência : uma abordagem ergonômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-29)
Nunes, Gabriela Salomé
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6197370976834464
The study of the relationship between aging, experience and competence has gained great attention because of the paradox faced by industries related to age and knowledge of its workers. You can see inexperienced young people with high-level training as opposed entering the labor market for older workers with less education, however with more experience. It is known that the aging labor situation puts physical and psychological changes resulting from advancing age, but also causes the increase of experience, which enables to accelerate and enrich the production process generating evolution of workers' skills. Several studies have been conducted principally aiming to understand the relationship between aging and work, however, most of these aging studies only in extreme ages beyond, focusing on losses resulting from the process instead of positives. Thus, in order to understand how the regulation is among the factors related to aging and gain experience as well as the development of skills of operators within a structural assembly sector, was held a review of the literature followed a study case in an industrial sector of aircraft assembly. Participants were five operators of different ages and working time. The data was collected by conducting interviews within the productive sector, followed by Work Ability Index questionnaire and perform the analysis of the activity. The data collected allowed the observation that the benefits arising from the gain experience and acquire skills stand out relative declines caused by chronological aging. Furthermore, it was observed that learners operators use a longer time to complete their activities, prioritized performance of the task on time at the expense of health protection and presenting a more detailed and preformed action sequence. It was also observed that the interaction between experienced operators and apprentices is critical for the exchange of knowledge in occupational environment. Thus, the study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between aging, experience and expertise focusing on the positive aspects that permeate this relationship.
Posseiros e possuidores : conflitos sociais na formação da estrutura fundiária em São Carlos-SP entre 1850 e 1888
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-29)
Silva, João Paulo da
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Truzzi, Oswaldo Mário Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5005536921435787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0292366225326790
This research has as its objective the analysis of the social conflicts during the process of land structuring of the region that currently comprises the city of São Carlos-SP, in the second half of the 19th century. The period of analysis, from 1850 to 1888, was chosen for being an important transition period in the country, marked, above all, by the Lei de Terras of 1850 and the abolition of slavery. It is also comprised within this time frame the early days of the transition of the production model in the region, away from the raising of animals and the production of foods destined for immediate necessities, to a model founded on coffee plantations, a model that already featuring capitalistic traits, modeled on a more disciplined and continuous work regime. The main documental scope that guides the research is a collection of civil lawsuits concerning land questions. Nonetheless, I combine the lawsuits with other sources, like land registries, censuses, Almanaques and journals. Despite sharing a semantic similarity, as well as a common etymological origin with the word “ownership”, “squatters” (“posseiros”) and “owners” (“possuidores”) will take on opposite meanings in the context of agrarian disputes of the 19th century: the former were stigmatized as poor invaders who did not have the means to make the land productive and to legalize it; the latter were the ones who, besides having ownership of the land, also possessed land titles. However, the construction of these categories is not as linear as it might seem at first sight. On many occasions, social and political prestige would supplant the necessity for proof of property titles. Small and medium-sized farmers had a hard time transforming their lands into legal property. Thus, I put forward the hypothesis that “posseiros” and “possuidores” are categories that, far from being fixed and having stable definitions, outline a historical process of conflict. In this way, I seek to comprehend the object of my research, in the light of the notions of primitive accumulation present in Marx, and most of all, in Thompson; and the notion of stigma, present in Goffman and Norbert Elias. I also intend to find out, with the chosen theoretical and empirical foundations, how a group of free laborers earned their place in the social dynamics of the region at the time.
Estudo da assembleia de quirópteros (Mammalia: Chiroptera) da Gruta do Riacho Subterrâneo – município de Itu – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-29)
Rocha, Alana Drielle
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3538058970773331
The objective of the present study was to analyze the taxonomic composition and structure of a bat assemblage of Gruta do Riacho Subterrâneo, a granitic cave located the municipality of Itu, São Paulo State, Brazil, and to verify the influence of abiotic variables on its structure. The main hypotheses were: a) The cave studied is important to the regional diversity of bats functioning as a shelter to some important bat species. b) There are changes in the composition and abundance of the bat assemblages as a consequence of abiotics changes observed in the studied area. Five samplings were carried out along the twelve months.The captures were performed using mist nets and bats were measured and ringed. The catch effort, relative abundances, the species acumulation curve and the influence of abiotic variables on chiropterofauna were determined. The influence of abiotics variables were analysed by multiple regression and canonic correspondence analysis, performed in the R program. A total of 113 individuals were captured in the cave and its surrounding area, from which more than 80% belonged to the family Phyllostomidae and the remaining to the Vespertilionidae. The acumulation curve for the samples indicated that the assymptotic portion of the curve was not reached. The most abundant species were Carollia perspicillata (30,8%), Desmodus rotundus (29.%) and Myotis sp. (23.4%) whereas some other species as Anoura geoffroyi, Micronycteris sp., Chiroderma doriae, Sturnira tildae and Eptesicus diminutus had single events of capture. There was no significant relationship between the abiotic variables measured and the community structure along the time, indicating that probably other factors might be influencing the population dynamics. The cave community has high species richness encompassing five important trophic guilds, particularly the frugivorous one, revealing the importance of the Gruta do Riacho Subterrâneo cave for the conservation opf local diversity. Based on the functional aspects of thisconservation and also restauration of the cave surrounding area will be essential to diversity conservation for this important group of mammals.
Tunelamento ressonante de férmions massivos de Dirac em sistemas de simples e dupla barreiras em monocamada de grafeno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-29)
Teixeira, José Dilson da Silva
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Bittencourt, Antonio Carlos Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1105838755157684
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5717081374450972
Nowadays, several efforts have been made by research groups around the physical properties of the graphene in view of the possible technological applications of their unique structural and electronic properties. The graphene comes as a fort candidate to substitute the inorganic semiconductors. Initially in this work, we made a description of the graphene crystal structure to elucidate its nature. The electronic properties of this material are attractive due to several analogies between the transport phenomena and other phenomena studied by quantum electrodynamic as, for instance, Klein tunneling. From the point of view of the tight-binding approximation, we obtained the dispersion relation and the structure of the energy bands of the graphene, thus outlining its electronic spectrum. Also,we indicated some curious results that demonstrate the atypical nature of this material. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of the charge carriers by the transfer matrix technique to obtain the numerical solution of transmissivity, conductance and tunneling current density in the graphene. The transmissividade was analyzed as function of the incident energy and of the angle of incidence for systems with single and double potential barriers, emphasizing the effect of the variation of the gap of energy. We also verified quantum oscillations due to Fabry -Pérot interference and Klein tunneling - an unique property in the graphene. The insertion of the energy gap generated the gap in the transmissivity curve, as well as resonant peaks that become more sharper with the increment of that gap. From the transmissivity results, we enlarged our understanding of the electronic properties in relation to conductance and current density in the graphene. Such properties are shown quite favorable the production of nanoelectronic devices of high performance..
Filogenia molecular dos anostomidae e filogeografia das espécies com cromossomos sexuais ZZ/ZW do gênero Leporinus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Malaver, Jorge Luis Ramirez
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3073682959497475
The family Anostomidae has approximately 150 species, belonging to 14 genera. Several attempts to define the subfamilies were unsuccessful. Within the family, the Leporinus genus is the most specious (approx. 90 valid species). A ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes system has been described for seven species of Leporinus, which would constitute a monophyletic group. Another ZW sex chromosomes system has been described only for Leporinus geminis. The ZW Leporinus species presents an interesting distribution, being distributed in almost every major South American basins. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of family Anostomidae and several species of Leporinus genus. Also, evaluate the monophyly of species with ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes, as well as de novo origin of the sex chromosomes described for Leporinus geminis. Additionally, It will be evaluated the functionality of the DNA barcodes for the family Anostomidae. Another aim was to evaluate the phylogeographic distribution pattern of ZZ/ZW Leporinus species. For the barcode was analyzed the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I of 430 individuals (122 lineages). Distance analyzes were performed using the K2P model. For the molecular phylogeny were amplified two mitochondrial genes (Cytochrome B and Cytochrome Oxidase I) and three nuclear markers (recombination activating gene 1 and 2, and Myosin, heavy chain 6, cardiac muscle, alpha gene) from 104 lineages (69 nominal species). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using methods of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian species tree. For the phylogeographic analysis, was constructed a calibrated tree, including the 15 recovered linages for the ZW group. The dataset was calibrated using the rise of the Eastern Cordillera, about 12 million years ago. The DNA barcode is a powerful tool for the linage identification of the family Anostomidae. The average intraspecific distance was 0.106%. The lowest interspecific distance was 0.479%. The genetic distances founded show that the threshold to separate lineages is lower than traditionally suggested for fishes (1% and 2%). The family Anostomidae is monophyletic, being found twenty-two clades within it. The subfamilies Anostominae sensu Winterbottom (1980) and Leporellinae were recovered as valid, while a more inclusive Leporininae has to be redescribed. The Leporinus genus was recovered as paraphyletic, requiring several taxonomic changes. The ZZ/ZW Leporinus species were recovered as a monophyletic group. Sex chromosomes of Leporinus geminis were confirmed as an evolutionary convergence. The evolutionary history of ZZ/ZW Leporinus species proved to be complex. The lineage speciation of the proto-Amazon-Orinoco was given by paleogeographic processes, while the lineage diversification in the Eastern Brazilian Shield was predominantly hydrogeological and by dispersion through paleo-basins in low sea level period.
A educação da pessoa com deficiência em comunidades remanescentes de quilombos no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Mantovani, Juliana Vechetti
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0530763179860702
The study of this research theme is the education of persons with disabilities living in former quilombo communities of the state of São Paulo. Thus aims to describe and analyze this reality. The work was not restricted to school education to have found in communities people with disabilities in different situations, as follows: people who were in school, who have not completed the studies and that did not get to go to school. Also met a student with physical disabilities access to higher education. The theoretical foundations are guided in a historical and critical perspective, the method and procedures are qualitative, such as participant observation, field diary, document analysis, photographic records and interviews in school and communities. Work on quilombos requires a historical depth, so we conducted a study on the creation of these spaces and analyzed census data from 1872, slavery period. Also analyzed the census data of the school year 2007-2012 which referred the enrollment of students with and without disabilities from schools located in the remnants of quilombos; types of basic education in these schools and specialized educational services. The survey was conducted in the state school which had the largest number of student enrollments with and without disabilities and communities where students lived. We come up to this school by surveys carried out in the school census and data provided by the Pedagogic Studies and Standards Centre of the State of São Paulo. Within the procedures still on the mapping of people with disabilities who reside in Eldorado communities, state of São Paulo with more quilombo communities. At school, participated in the research, director, deputy director and educational coordinator; teachers and students with disabilities. In communities parents, leaders and people with disabilities. The results were: truancy; achievement and participation in community activities; advances in law school appreciation from parents and students and coping different adversities to get to school and remain there. The data revealed that is recent concern for the education of members of the former quilombo communities, and that there is a mute with regard to disabled people of these communities.
Propriedades de transporte em barreiras magnéticas em grafeno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Nunes, Edvam de Oliveira
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Bittencourt, Antonio Carlos Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1105838755157684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5852057691244350
In this work we studied the properties of Graphene through single and double magnetic barrier. It was used the transfer matrix method for calculating the transmissivity in single and double barriers of monolayer Graphene with magnetic barriers. The transmission was calculated as a function of electron energy for the following conditions: with constant energy, keeping the magnetic fields and varying distances and width of the barriers of the well. For the transmissivity each as function of incidence angle 0, the same procedure was adopted. Situations where the potential V is zero and nonzero were analyzed. Subsequently, we performed calculations of transmissivity for different potentials of zero. The conductance was also calculated as a function of energy, and magnetic field as a function of distance. These calculations were compared using barriers to equal and different magnetic fields. Thus, the transmission probability and the conductance could be modulated by the structural change of the barrier parameters, such as width and height, providing the ability to control electron beams in graphene.
Segurança de pedestres em rotatórias urbanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Souza, Johnny Vieira de
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Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4905330179732520
The Traffic and Transport Engineering has developed several techniques to mitigate the pernicious causes from the risks associated with intersections or crossing points level in traffic. Among the several devices of better efficiency and lower cost are the roundabouts, which are intended to simplify the intersection, so that the traffic that interacts there has a safe conduct, with few points of conflict and small delays. Although today has been widely used in the world and brazilian urban traffic the roundabouts are geometric elements that prioritize or monopolize motorized vehicular traffic due to lack of infrastructure, whether by choice or lack of technical knowledge, for cyclists, pedestrians and public transport have equal security. To assess what are the indicators that lead to this monopolization of devices were used ten roundabouts, being five in São José do Rio Preto and five in San Carlos, and proposed a confrontation of technical concepts between experts in the fields of Urban Planning and Urban Engineering, through AHP method, specialized literature and reality found in loco, to check for possible similarities and diferences existing between definitions, concepts and options and thus identify which factors are taken into consideration in the project, implementation and maintenance of or devices. Came to the conclusion that the specialized literature and subject matter experts defend pedestrians as a priority for the project, deployment, infrastructure and maintenance, but the devices are not able to safety.
Estudo do efeito eletrostático na filtração de partículas de cimento em filtros de mangas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Oliveira, Flávia Matias
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1536476217054773
Nowadays the control of industrial pollution is essential. Through filtering, you can remove the suspended solids in gases. It has been need for more efficient methods for gas filtration in order to reduce waste generation and decrease energy consumption. In this study was proposed to investigate the behavior of the particulate matter, cement and the influence of particle size in formation of gas dust cake, with and without eletrostatic charged. The filter in order to determine aspects were analyzed and compare their characteristics after filtration, defining which one operationally more suitable for this process. In this investigation the study aims optimize the filtration operation. In order to obtain a greater retention of particulates. In this sense, fabric filter were analyzed, glass and polypropylene filter, while gas filtration. Cement was used as particulate material with grain sizes 8, 14 and 20μm, the corona chargering was added in the filtration of gas during the formation of dust cake. The tests were conduction in an attempt to understand this effect the electrostatic charge, improve and increase the service life of the filter media. Was necessary to adapt it to the equipment one system gas filtration, localized in Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ) of Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), for receive the corona charged. The experiment was conducted from voltage of 0 to -2 kV test with a filtration rate of 10 cm/s, and the mass flow of 9 mg/s. With the tests done, it possible show that, with the application the corona chargering the dust cake changes. It can be that the particle size directly affects the filtration efficiency and the load, can increase the efficiency the collect to particulate and decrease pressure drop during filtration of gases.
Análise de séries temporais fuzzy para previsão e identificação de padrões comportamentais dinâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30)
Santos, Fábio José Justo dos
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2020262358450007
The good results obtained by the fuzzy approaches applied in the analysis of time series (TS) has contributed significantly to the growth of the area. Although there are satisfactory results in TS analysis with methods that use the classic concepts of TS and with the recent concepts of fuzzy time series (FTS), there is a lack of models combining both areas. Face of this context, the contributions of this thesis are associated with the development of models for TS analysis combining the concepts of FTS with statistical methods aiming at the improvement in accuracy of forecasts and in identification of behavioral changes in the TS. In order to allow a suitable fuzzy representation of crisp values observed, the approaches developed in this thesis were combined with a new proposal for pre-processing of the data. The prediction value is calculated from a new smoothing technique combined with an extension of the fuzzy logic relationships. This combination allow to be considered in value computed different degrees of influence to the most recent behavior and to the oldest behavior of the series. In situations where the model does not have the necessary knowledge to calculate the predicted value, the concepts of simple linear regression are combined with the concepts of the FTS to identify the most recent trend in the TS. The approach developed for the behavioral analysis of the TS aims to identify changes in behavior from the definition of prototypes that represent the groups of the TS and from the segmentation of the series that will be analyzed. In this new approach, the dissimilarity between a segment of a TS and the corresponding interval of a given prototype is defined by metric Fuzzy Dynamic Time Warping weighted by a new smoothing technique applied to the distance matrix between the observed data. The accuracy obtained by the forecast model not only demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed approach, but also shows the evolution of model throughout the research and the importance of preprocessing in the forecast. The analysis of segmented TS identifies satisfactorily the behavioral changes of the series by calculating the membership functions of these segments in the respective groups represented by the prototypes.