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A educação da pessoa com deficiência em comunidades remanescentes de quilombos no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Mantovani, Juliana Vechetti; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803778280883949; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0530763179860702
The study of this research theme is the education of persons with disabilities living in former quilombo communities of the state of São Paulo. Thus aims to describe and analyze this reality. The work was not restricted to school education to have found in communities people with disabilities in different situations, as follows: people who were in school, who have not completed the studies and that did not get to go to school. Also met a student with physical disabilities access to higher education. The theoretical foundations are guided in a historical and critical perspective, the method and procedures are qualitative, such as participant observation, field diary, document analysis, photographic records and interviews in school and communities. Work on quilombos requires a historical depth, so we conducted a study on the creation of these spaces and analyzed census data from 1872, slavery period. Also analyzed the census data of the school year 2007-2012 which referred the enrollment of students with and without disabilities from schools located in the remnants of quilombos; types of basic education in these schools and specialized educational services. The survey was conducted in the state school which had the largest number of student enrollments with and without disabilities and communities where students lived. We come up to this school by surveys carried out in the school census and data provided by the Pedagogic Studies and Standards Centre of the State of São Paulo. Within the procedures still on the mapping of people with disabilities who reside in Eldorado communities, state of São Paulo with more quilombo communities. At school, participated in the research, director, deputy director and educational coordinator; teachers and students with disabilities. In communities parents, leaders and people with disabilities. The results were: truancy; achievement and participation in community activities; advances in law school appreciation from parents and students and coping different adversities to get to school and remain there. The data revealed that is recent concern for the education of members of the former quilombo communities, and that there is a mute with regard to disabled people of these communities.
Segurança de pedestres em rotatórias urbanas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Souza, Johnny Vieira de; Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4905330179732520
The Traffic and Transport Engineering has developed several techniques to mitigate the pernicious causes from the risks associated with intersections or crossing points level in traffic. Among the several devices of better efficiency and lower cost are the roundabouts, which are intended to simplify the intersection, so that the traffic that interacts there has a safe conduct, with few points of conflict and small delays. Although today has been widely used in the world and brazilian urban traffic the roundabouts are geometric elements that prioritize or monopolize motorized vehicular traffic due to lack of infrastructure, whether by choice or lack of technical knowledge, for cyclists, pedestrians and public transport have equal security. To assess what are the indicators that lead to this monopolization of devices were used ten roundabouts, being five in São José do Rio Preto and five in San Carlos, and proposed a confrontation of technical concepts between experts in the fields of Urban Planning and Urban Engineering, through AHP method, specialized literature and reality found in loco, to check for possible similarities and diferences existing between definitions, concepts and options and thus identify which factors are taken into consideration in the project, implementation and maintenance of or devices. Came to the conclusion that the specialized literature and subject matter experts defend pedestrians as a priority for the project, deployment, infrastructure and maintenance, but the devices are not able to safety.
Propriedades de transporte em barreiras magnéticas em grafeno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Nunes, Edvam de Oliveira; Bittencourt, Antonio Carlos Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1105838755157684; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5852057691244350
In this work we studied the properties of Graphene through single and double magnetic barrier. It was used the transfer matrix method for calculating the transmissivity in single and double barriers of monolayer Graphene with magnetic barriers. The transmission was calculated as a function of electron energy for the following conditions: with constant energy, keeping the magnetic fields and varying distances and width of the barriers of the well. For the transmissivity each as function of incidence angle 0, the same procedure was adopted. Situations where the potential V is zero and nonzero were analyzed. Subsequently, we performed calculations of transmissivity for different potentials of zero. The conductance was also calculated as a function of energy, and magnetic field as a function of distance. These calculations were compared using barriers to equal and different magnetic fields. Thus, the transmission probability and the conductance could be modulated by the structural change of the barrier parameters, such as width and height, providing the ability to control electron beams in graphene.
Defeitos topológicos e cadeias cíclicas de deformação aplicados em diferentes cenários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Chinaglia, Mariana; Bernardini, Alex Eduardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5215976260958847; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7677944273883043
In order to obtain structures known as defects, it was used a systematic procedure which holds cyclic deformation chains. This cyclical procedure enables that the initial defect (used to trigger the chain) is recovered via the process of successive deformations. This technique was applied considering topological kink like defects derived from two models, 4 and sine-Gordon, described by a single real scalar eld. The results show that this procedure can generate simultaneously kink and lump like defects with topological mass satisfying closed relations. After the detailed description and analysis of this method, some of its results were applied in brane scenario, where we studied the quantum problem analogue derived from a metric perturbation. The scenarios includes thick branes results that could support 4-dimensional gravity inside. Finally, we studied the topological origin of vacuum transitions in scenarios supported by double-well potentials. It was found that the Wigner function, constructed by means of the ground and rst excited states (solutions of the normal modes potential spectrum), performs quantum tunneling moving from one minimum to another in the potential. The tunneling analysis was performed by a prescription of the Wigner's function dynamics and the time dependence of stagnation points for an analytical double well potential.
Análise de séries temporais fuzzy para previsão e identificação de padrões comportamentais dinâmicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Santos, Fábio José Justo dos; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2020262358450007
The good results obtained by the fuzzy approaches applied in the analysis of time series (TS) has contributed significantly to the growth of the area. Although there are satisfactory results in TS analysis with methods that use the classic concepts of TS and with the recent concepts of fuzzy time series (FTS), there is a lack of models combining both areas. Face of this context, the contributions of this thesis are associated with the development of models for TS analysis combining the concepts of FTS with statistical methods aiming at the improvement in accuracy of forecasts and in identification of behavioral changes in the TS. In order to allow a suitable fuzzy representation of crisp values observed, the approaches developed in this thesis were combined with a new proposal for pre-processing of the data. The prediction value is calculated from a new smoothing technique combined with an extension of the fuzzy logic relationships. This combination allow to be considered in value computed different degrees of influence to the most recent behavior and to the oldest behavior of the series. In situations where the model does not have the necessary knowledge to calculate the predicted value, the concepts of simple linear regression are combined with the concepts of the FTS to identify the most recent trend in the TS. The approach developed for the behavioral analysis of the TS aims to identify changes in behavior from the definition of prototypes that represent the groups of the TS and from the segmentation of the series that will be analyzed. In this new approach, the dissimilarity between a segment of a TS and the corresponding interval of a given prototype is defined by metric Fuzzy Dynamic Time Warping weighted by a new smoothing technique applied to the distance matrix between the observed data. The accuracy obtained by the forecast model not only demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed approach, but also shows the evolution of model throughout the research and the importance of preprocessing in the forecast. The analysis of segmented TS identifies satisfactorily the behavioral changes of the series by calculating the membership functions of these segments in the respective groups represented by the prototypes.
Estudo do efeito eletrostático na filtração de partículas de cimento em filtros de mangas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Oliveira, Flávia Matias; Aguiar, Mônica Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1536476217054773
Nowadays the control of industrial pollution is essential. Through filtering, you can remove the suspended solids in gases. It has been need for more efficient methods for gas filtration in order to reduce waste generation and decrease energy consumption. In this study was proposed to investigate the behavior of the particulate matter, cement and the influence of particle size in formation of gas dust cake, with and without eletrostatic charged. The filter in order to determine aspects were analyzed and compare their characteristics after filtration, defining which one operationally more suitable for this process. In this investigation the study aims optimize the filtration operation. In order to obtain a greater retention of particulates. In this sense, fabric filter were analyzed, glass and polypropylene filter, while gas filtration. Cement was used as particulate material with grain sizes 8, 14 and 20μm, the corona chargering was added in the filtration of gas during the formation of dust cake. The tests were conduction in an attempt to understand this effect the electrostatic charge, improve and increase the service life of the filter media. Was necessary to adapt it to the equipment one system gas filtration, localized in Department of Chemical Engineering (DEQ) of Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), for receive the corona charged. The experiment was conducted from voltage of 0 to -2 kV test with a filtration rate of 10 cm/s, and the mass flow of 9 mg/s. With the tests done, it possible show that, with the application the corona chargering the dust cake changes. It can be that the particle size directly affects the filtration efficiency and the load, can increase the efficiency the collect to particulate and decrease pressure drop during filtration of gases.
Filogenia molecular dos anostomidae e filogeografia das espécies com cromossomos sexuais ZZ/ZW do gênero Leporinus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Malaver, Jorge Luis Ramirez; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3073682959497475
The family Anostomidae has approximately 150 species, belonging to 14 genera. Several attempts to define the subfamilies were unsuccessful. Within the family, the Leporinus genus is the most specious (approx. 90 valid species). A ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes system has been described for seven species of Leporinus, which would constitute a monophyletic group. Another ZW sex chromosomes system has been described only for Leporinus geminis. The ZW Leporinus species presents an interesting distribution, being distributed in almost every major South American basins. The aim of this study was to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of family Anostomidae and several species of Leporinus genus. Also, evaluate the monophyly of species with ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes, as well as de novo origin of the sex chromosomes described for Leporinus geminis. Additionally, It will be evaluated the functionality of the DNA barcodes for the family Anostomidae. Another aim was to evaluate the phylogeographic distribution pattern of ZZ/ZW Leporinus species. For the barcode was analyzed the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I of 430 individuals (122 lineages). Distance analyzes were performed using the K2P model. For the molecular phylogeny were amplified two mitochondrial genes (Cytochrome B and Cytochrome Oxidase I) and three nuclear markers (recombination activating gene 1 and 2, and Myosin, heavy chain 6, cardiac muscle, alpha gene) from 104 lineages (69 nominal species). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using methods of maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian species tree. For the phylogeographic analysis, was constructed a calibrated tree, including the 15 recovered linages for the ZW group. The dataset was calibrated using the rise of the Eastern Cordillera, about 12 million years ago. The DNA barcode is a powerful tool for the linage identification of the family Anostomidae. The average intraspecific distance was 0.106%. The lowest interspecific distance was 0.479%. The genetic distances founded show that the threshold to separate lineages is lower than traditionally suggested for fishes (1% and 2%). The family Anostomidae is monophyletic, being found twenty-two clades within it. The subfamilies Anostominae sensu Winterbottom (1980) and Leporellinae were recovered as valid, while a more inclusive Leporininae has to be redescribed. The Leporinus genus was recovered as paraphyletic, requiring several taxonomic changes. The ZZ/ZW Leporinus species were recovered as a monophyletic group. Sex chromosomes of Leporinus geminis were confirmed as an evolutionary convergence. The evolutionary history of ZZ/ZW Leporinus species proved to be complex. The lineage speciation of the proto-Amazon-Orinoco was given by paleogeographic processes, while the lineage diversification in the Eastern Brazilian Shield was predominantly hydrogeological and by dispersion through paleo-basins in low sea level period.
O estudo da função afim no ensino médio com apoio de uma atividade experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Selingardi, Ainá Montessanti; Paterlini, Roberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6240750958932738; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0215720865921707
To contribute to overcoming the difficulties related to the teaching of the concept of function and its applications, build an interdisciplinary didactic proposal. I delimited my job choosing the theme affine function, which is usually presented to students in the 1st year of high school. To validate the pedagogical product presented, I used the basic guidelines proposed by the Didactic Engineering. I developed an experimental activity of chemistry in which the resulting function is the type order. During the experiment of applying students have organized themselves into groups. Each group performed the experiment, collected the figures composing a table. The data analysis begins with the layout of the data as points on a Cartesian plane. The linear pattern was observed and these points using algebraic resources, students obtained an expression of affine function. In a second phase the same data is handled with the help of a computational tool. The application has ended with socializing the results of each group. I noticed that these activities give students a chance to better build the concept of function. I saw that they had to see for themselves what were the variables involved, and what was the independent variable and which was dependent. Also they had transit of opportunity between various types of representation in an interdisciplinary context, noting the reason for each passage. Another difficulty faced by students was handling not whole greatness and who had different absolute values and therefore built a chart that required care in relation to the adopted scale. I concluded that the application of this pedagogical product achieved the desired goals and that students were very interested in participating in this activity. I realize also that, after application of the experiment, my relationship with the class became closer and spontaneous, greatly improving our dialogue. To fellow teachers who want to apply this product in their teaching classes, I note that it is not easy to conduct a chemistry experiment, especially for those who have not been trained for this. This requires a mathematics teacher a lot of determination and patience. So I believe that the ideal situation is to combine with the teachers of the experimental subjects so that they can experiment and get the data. The math teacher would get the part to analyze this data. I conclude that my didactic proposal is validated and is very enriching for teaching functions.
Aspectos morfológicos, reológicos e fisiológicos dos cultivos de Escherichia coli recombinante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-04-30) Silva, Gabriel Gonçalves; Silva, Adilson José da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179; Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546701843297248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2174542340618869
The use of Escherichia coli cultures to obtain heterologous proteins poses as a successful application of biotechnology for the production of drugs and enzymes. However, the stress caused by the synthesis of the recombinant protein as well as by the culture conditions may trigger physiological responses on the cell and also cause changes in the cell morphology, impacting on the rheology of the culture broth. This study aimed to evaluate changes in cell morphology, on the rheology of the broth and the effect of different temperatures and inducers in the cellular responses during recombinant protein production by E. coli in batch cultures. Five medium cell density cultures were conducted with two clones of rE. coli, using defined medium containing glycerol as main carbon source and different inducers (IPTG and lactose), at two different temperatures (37°C and 27°C). All experiments were performed in 5 L bench bioreactor, equipped with a monitoring and control system. Samples were collected throughout the experiments and rheological parameters were measured using a concentric cylinder rheometer. The morphological characteristics of the microorganism were also examined by optical microscopy associated with image analysis. The concentrations of cellular suspension (optical density and dry cell weight) as well as of sugars and metabolites (HPLC), the plasmid retention (subculture on plates with and without antibiotic), the concentration of viable cells (colony forming units), the production of recombinant protein (densitometry), the concentration of soluble proteins (Bradford protein assay) and the presence of polysaccharide in the broth (phenol–sulfuric method) were also monitored. It was found that broths, initially behaving as Newtonian fluids, undergo a change in rheological behavior during the growth phase, exhibiting a Bingham fluid behavior. During the induction phase, the consistency index and the initial shear stress seemed to follow the changes in cell concentration or the stress caused by the protein synthesis, respectively. In addition, the intensity of the variation of both rheological parameters seemed to be dependent upon the used inducer. The morphology analysis showed that rheological properties could not be explained by changes in cell length. The correlation between the cell concentration (measured by dry-weight method) and the optical density when lactose was employed as inducer, due to galactose accumulation within the cells as a result of the inability of the bacteria to metabolize this carbon source. The presence of a small amount of PspA and genetic material in the culture broth was probably due to permeabilization and lysis of a small part of the population. Carbon recovery analysis was performed for all cultures, leading to values close do 100 % before induction, in all studied cases. After induction, a sharp decrease on the recovery was observed. However, by including the carbon present in the polysaccharide quantified in the cultivation broth, it was possible to recover all supplied carbon as biomass, CO2 and polysaccharide. Finally, the highest production of protein was obtained at 37°C when induced by IPTG, reaching 125 mgPspA/gMS. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the heterologous proteins production by rE. coli and allow the definition of intensification strategies for protein production.