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Centro de Estudos de Línguas (CEL) : a abordagem presente na prática docente na consolidação do curso de inglês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-02) Balestrini, Deborah Cristina Simões; Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5771078878430713
With the challenge of preparing our students for their role in a global Market, it is a high priority teaching them a second language in order to raise the percentage of speakers, who master the English language. In São Paulo, recent investments have enabled the expansion of the number of Language Teaching Centers (CEL) as well as the introduction of English language as one of the options. Our concern in this context is to understand how educational performance and collateral factors might contribute in the teaching process and the foreign language learning. Starting with the question: “How does the teacher approach can influence the development of the proposed activities with the provided support material of the English course?”, we proceeded to investigate the CEL English classroom, in order to understand the teaching activities and the teacher's relationship with the material. Based on Almeida Filho (1993, 2011), Barcelos (2006a) and Abrahão (2002), an ethnographic-based study was conducted. For data collection, we have used semi-structured questionnaire for the teacher, semi-structured questionnaire for the student, interview with the teacher and teacher observation as instruments in order to see how the teaching action influences the English course offered at CEL. These instruments have allowed us to perform the triangulation of data and its analysis. The results suggested that the teacher's relationship with the course support material it is still attached to the old-fashioned teaching guided by traditional approach, in spite of the training they have gone through. The results have showed that the teacher's approach is prevalent in the consolidation of the support material and guidance for the students. If we are to expect for a new language teaching practice, focused on significant teaching, also contemporary and communicative, an urgent condition is to offer the teachers training courses that bring them to reflection on theories and methodologies in contemporary language teaching. In order to provide both teacher professional development and the improvement of foreign language teaching in basic education.
Aves insetívoras e sua relação com taxas de folivoria no Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-02) Gagetti, Bruna Leone; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7749975548596753
Birds contribute to many kinds of environmental services, such as predation on arthropods, which results in their population control, and reduced folivory and higher growth rates of plants. In addition, insectivorous birds are sensitive to environmental disturbances, requiring protected areas for conservation and being indicators of environmental quality. In this research, we sampled the insectivorous birds and tested whether they affect the abundance of arthropods and folivory rates. We compared three areas of different successional stages and management, and seasonality in a protected area of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. The areas selected were anthropic area (“sede”), early and advanced stages of succession. We carried out samplings of birds through 12 fixed points for 13 months and classified species in guilds, grouping the consumers of arthropods between strict and facultative insectivorous. We also proceed a twice bird exclusion experiment (rainy and dry season), comparing arthropod abundance and foliar damage in covered vs. non-covered branches. A total of 186 species of birds have been recorded, with 142 consumers of arthropods. The composition of birds was affected by spatial variation, as the temporal variation presented a diffuse influence. The advanced stage area hosts a higher species richness of specialists, threatened, endemic and with a high degree of environmental sensitivity. The “sede” adds generalist and low degree of sensitivity species. The exclusion of birds resulted in a significant increase in abundance (z=24,682, p = 0) and diversity (z=12,825, p = 0) of arthropods, but this was not reflected in differences in folivory; thus which may be driven by other factors such as the bottom-up effect. The abundance of arthropods showed an inverse relationship with the abundance of strict and facultative insectivorous birds and this control through predation occurred in all areas, suggesting the importance of omnivorous species. The spatial variation of insectivorous birds highlights the potential of each sampled area for maintenance of the functional role of these birds, and this might be considered for management practices.