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Imersões isométricas de formas espaciais em Sn x R e Hn x R
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-08) Canevari, Samuel da Cruz; Figueiredo Junior, Ruy Tojeiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930999514347198; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8347655512422075
In this thesis we classify the isometric immersions f : Mm ^ Sm+p x R with m > 3 P < m — ^d c < 1, where Mm denotes a Riemannian manifold with constant sectional curvature equal to c. We obtain partial results on the classification of isometric immersions f : Mm ^ Hm+p x R with m > 3 P < m — ^d c < 0, We also characterize the hvpersurfaces f : M3 ^ Q4(c) for which there exists another isometric immersion f : M3 ^ L4, where Q4(c^d L4 denote a 4-dimensional space form of constant sectional curvature c and the 4-dimensional Lorentz space, respectively.
Avaliação do uso de indicadores para a caracterização da sustentabilidade da coleta seletiva de resíduos sólidos urbanos em Araraquara e São José do Rio Preto (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-08) Lemes, João Luiz Villas Boas; Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4804375839804706
Urban solid waste management (MSW) is a growing challenge for municipal administrations in view of their increasing quantity and complexity. In Brazil, the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), approved in 2010, became a reference to foster local public policies, incorporating the concern with sustainability. Some authors have proposed sustainability indicators (IS) to evaluate selective collection (CS), since the sector lacks tools to assist in the decision making and more sustainable monitoring of waste picker organizations. The general objective of this research is to evaluate the use of indicators to characterize the sustainability of selective collection of MSW, having as object of study the cities of Araraquara and São José do Rio Preto. The research was based on the evaluation of PNRS, recycling, general aspects of SC in Brazil and identification of IS for selective collection. For the application, the IS sets, proposed by Besen (2011), were defined as the most appropriate for the evaluation of the SC and of the pickers' organizations, once they were constructed and validated in a participatory way. In 2014, the selective collections of the two municipalities investigated were monitored. The comparative result showed significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the execution of the SC and in the management of waste picker organizations, especially in the operational aspects. To apply the IS, some meetings were held in the two municipalities surveyed. These included municipal managers, technical staff and members of waste picker organizations. All proposed indicators were applied and evaluated, and some, due to difficulties in data collection and lack of proper monitoring, were only estimated. Based on the results of the IS, two sustainability matrices were built, one from the municipal SC and the other from the collector organizations for the two municipalities. The comparative result showed significant qualitative and quantitative differences in the execution of the SC and in the management of waste picker organizations, especially in the operational aspects. To apply the IS, some meetings were held in the two municipalities surveyed. These included municipal managers, technical staff and members of waste picker organizations. All proposed indicators were applied and evaluated, and some, due to difficulties in data collection and lack of proper monitoring, were only estimated. Based on the results of the IS, two sustainability matrices were built, one from the municipal SC and the other from the collector organizations for the two municipalities. The result of the IS application made it possible to calculate the respective sustainability indices. The index calculated for selective collection reached the favorable range for sustainability for both municipalities. For waste picker organizations, the Araraquara index reached the very favorable range for sustainability and, in São José do Rio Preto, the favorable range for sustainability. The similarity in sustainability indices for the two municipalities differed from the observation of CS monitoring in the field. The research concludes that it is necessary to build new IS sets and improve the evaluated IS set to improve the more sustainable management of selective collection with participatory social inclusion.
SARAMR : uma arquitetura de referência baseada em loops de controle para facilitar manutenções em software robótico autoadaptativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-08) Paula, Marcos Henrique de; Camargo, Valter Vieira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1417073712184033
Autonomous mobile robots are a special category of robots designed for performing tasks without the intervention of human beings. Some robots are designed to perform tasks in completely inhospitable environments such as the earth´s subsurface, the ocean depths or spatial exploration. In order to consider a robot as autonomous, a fundamental premise is to have self-adaptation capabilities. Over the last years, the advances in technology allow the development of self-adaptive systems, which are able to manage themselves to recuperate from faults or even change their behavior and structure in order to improve the quality of the delivered service. A critical point when building any software is its architecture, i.e., its structural organization in a set of interacting components. In this context, reference architecture is a technique that is well known for combining the best practices, patterns and strategies for building and standardizing domain specific software. Nowadays, there is a lack of studies presenting reference architectures for structuring self-adaptive software of mobile robots in order to decrease maintenance efforts. A number of studies claim that self-adaptive systems are based on the control theory and, more specifically, on the use of control loops in their architecture to perform adaptations. Therefore, this master thesis proposes SARAMR, a control loop-based reference architecture whose goal is to make maintenance activities a more productive task. The employment of the architecture divides the whole system in two modules; base application and adaptation module. The adaptation module encompasses the control loops and the base application is further divided into three other components: environment, behaviors and the electromechanical part. SARAMR was qualitatively evaluated by means of the development of two applications: a self-adaptive wall follower mobile robot and another conventional one to performing monitoring in in-door environments. Next, some maintenance activities were created to investigate the effort of applying them. We have observed that the separation of concerns of our architecture allows new components to be added causing less impacts than in systems developed in an adhoc way.
Influência de fatores históricos e da fragmentação do habitat sobre a diversidade genética de Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-08) Silva, Alline Braga; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8745570106823275
The populations of Neotropical inland fishes have the distribution of their genetic diversity influenced by historical and recent biogeographic factors. Natural barriers such as the formation of waterfalls can disrupt gene flow between populations upstream and downstream. In addition, river fragmentation by hydroelectric dams also impacts on gene connectivity and, moreover, it exposes population to more intense evolutionary forces, such as genetic drift. The effects of habitat fragmentation are more pronounced in migratory species, which move large distances to reproduce. Among these species, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, a piscivorous catfish, plays an important ecological role as top predator. In addition, this fish represents the main income for thousands of riverine families. Understanding the influence of historical factors on the population structuring is important for species conservation, because it helps in decision making, such as the determination of management units and guidelines for conducting restocking. On the other hand, analysis of recent factors such as river fragmentation can indicate the impact of habitat fragmentation on the population viability, since smaller populations show greater effects of genetic drift and inbreeding. Having said that, we have analyzed the influence of historical and recent events on the genetic diversity distribution of P. corruscans. For historical events, we collected samples of P. corruscans in all basins of its natural occurrence (São Francisco, Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay) and used markers with slow mutational rates (S7-íntron1, CITB and D-loop). For recent events, we used microsatellite markers, with high mutational rates. We collected samples in four sections of different sizes of rivers bordered by dams (Grande, Verde, Paraná and Paraguay). The mitochondrial markers indicated the existence of two groups, one in the São Francisco basin and another in the Prata basin (Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay). The three genes analyzed showed private haplotypes for populations in the São Francisco basin, although S7-íntron1 marker has indicated the existence of only one clade for all basins. These results indicate that the geographical separation between San Francisco and Upper Paraná promoted genetic differentiation between populations of the two basins. On the other hand, the “Sete Quedas” fall, which historically separated the Upper Paraná and Paraguay basins, was not enough to promote population structuring. Probably the two basins were connected by headwaters. Thus, we suggest that conservation efforts are earmarked for two large basins (São Francisco and Prata), with a special look to Prata basin, since the species is threatened with extinction in the Uruguay basin, addition to the large number dams present in the Paraná basin. Regarding the river fragmentation caused by dams, smaller river stretches had lower genetic diversity and greater kinship between their individuals, which can result in lower population viability, since there is an increase of inbreeding depression and loss of adaptive genetic diversity. We therefore suggest that studies with other species are performed to determine the stretch minimum size in which the populations of migratory fish are viable, providing guidelines for the construction of new dams.
Aplicação de um framework baseado nos conceitos de Workload Control para identificação dos problemas relacionados à confiabilidade de entrega em uma empresa do setor de manutenção aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-08) Kodama, Tatiana Kimura; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9683774163925332
The improvement in the delivery reliability performance in Make-To-Order (MTO) companies has been becoming an important competitive criterion in the recent market context. Thus, it gets clear the importance of researches able to present tools to help the identification of enhancement opportunities in the matter of delivery reliability. The identification of opportunities requires a structure of diagnosis of the recent situation. However, depending on the performance problem to be diagnosed, a theoretical understructure based on specific scientific knowledge is needed. This work presents the framework developed by Soepenberg et al. (2012c) based on Workload Control (WLC) concepts. Such framework is composed by a structure for the diagnosis process of the reliability performance that allows browsing from the obtained performance to the subjacent causes related to Production Planning and Control (PPC). The aim of the present work is to present the WLC as well as the diagnostic tools with the purpose of elucidating their applicability through the framework developed by Soepenberg et al. (2012c) in a real context through a case study. The results of the case study indicated that the framework is a key instrument for diagnosis due to the accuracy by which it defines the causes of delays of the orders related to the PPC decisions. The application of the framework indicated that the lack of spare parts is the most impacting factor on delays, however this is not a cause only related to the company PPC decisions, but to external factors that are out of the company’s reach. Another result obtained is the verification that most of the orders are concluded before the date set. This is due to the lack of accuracy in the definition of the delivery dates and to the estimative mistakes of the capacity to be used for the maintenance of each part number, whose responsibilities rely on PPC.