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Considerações para o controle tecnológico de obras em alvenaria estrutural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-12)
Canato, Ricardo Luiz
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7798651726059215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3822906451253321
Masonry is known as a building structure for thousands of years. Cases where masonry elements (several units laided together bonded or not with mortar and grouting) support the building structure are widely found. Until mid-19th century, almost all structures had masonry part of its structural elements, although not all historic construction can be called structural masonry the way we understand it today with high strength blocks. The great expansion on the use of structural masonry occurred after the development of specific techniques and equipment. Moreover, technological development has enabled the production of higher strength blocks, dimensional precision and uniformity. To certify the design specified quality, there is the need of construction technologic control. This is the guarantee of minimum structural performance. Quality control is necessary to receive (or acceptance) the materials and components, including blocks, concrete, grout and the mortar, and finally the acceptance of masonry. This paper presents an assessment of the masonry quality control. Two parts has focus in different topics. In the first, field study cases in São Carlos city are assessed. The cases include concrete and ceramic blocks masonry building, and the quality control plan of each case were checked. The other part, focus on evaluating the several quality control tests on prisms compressive strength. From an extensive database, simulations concerning on the calculation of the characteristic value and coefficients of variation of samples, are assessed and weighted. As a conclusion, we can point that the quality control as required by Brazilian standards are not always followed in practice. About the prism test, we suggest considering to evaluate standard sample size specified today. It may be possible to reduce the number of specimens in each sample.
Impactos da duplicação de rodovias : variação da mortalidade de fauna na BR 101 Sul
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-12)
Dornelles, Sidnei da Silva
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Kindel, Andreas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8762190723929036
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
Roadkill and isolation of populations due to the barrier effect can be considered the main direct impacts of roads on wildlife. Mammals by behavioral, size and charisma features are one of the groups of vertebrates that require mitigation for mortality, as they are also among the most seriously injured on roads. An important approach to effectively mitigate roadkill on highways is to locate the points where roadkill are concentrated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in mortality of mammals due to the duplication of the BR 101 highway south. In addition to the K Ripley aggregation analysis, were generated habitat suitability models (MAH) to identify favorable locations roadkill species, using the model functional groups for prediction of highway stretches with more chances to roadkill. It was recorded 21 taxa of mammals get hit, being the most abundant gender Didelphis (n = 721), followed by Cerdocyon thous (n = 108). The abundance of carcasses decreases between before and after the duplication (F 18.04 p = <0.001). Hotspots were not overlapped between the periods analyzed, indicating that some explanatory factor has changed over the work. Observing the variables that contributed most to the models for each functional group, we noted that there were differences in the most influential variables for each functional group in different periods. Of the nine generated models, we note that six variables contributed more than 20% in different models. There were differences between the periods before, during and after the duplication of the variables that contributed most or contribution value in functional groups. These differences may reflect the change in the distribution of roadkill among highway doubling periods. Both approaches demonstrated that there have been changes in the magnitude and distribution of roadkill in the period prior to the period after duplication. So a highway with two paviments differ from a highway with four paviments about how the mammals react in terms of movement and relationship to landscape.
Diversidade e estrutura genética de Pilosocereus aureispinus: uma espécie de cactácea vulnerável e microendêmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-12)
Ribeiro, Paulianny de Moura
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Moraes, Evandro Marsola de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3100796431732251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5203536984295113
Pilosocereus aureispinus (Buining & Brederoo) F. Ritter is a narrow endemic columnar cactus of eastern Brazil, occurring at Ibotirama and Oliveira dos Brejinhos, Bahia. In this work the genetic diversity and population structure were assessed for eight microsatellite loci in four P. aureispinus localities of occurrence, covering its known distribution. Genetic diversity levels were relatively high (A = 4,2 e HE = 0,451) comparing with closely related species and other narrowly distributed plant species. Significant Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium departures and linkage disequilibrium were not detected. Private alleles in low frequencies and low levels of genetic structure (FST =0,071 e G”ST = 0,132) were detected. STRUCTURE software analysis did not identified structure, showing that samples from four analyzed localities represent a unique genetic group (K=1). These results pointed to high level of ongoing gene flow among sampled localities, which may counteract differentiation effects and genetic diversity loss. Despite P. aureispinus is not suffering genetic variability erosion due its narrow distribution, the species should be classified as endangered (EN) at IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due existent anthropogenic disturbs in regions where it occurs.
Padrão de especialização do comércio internacional brasileiro: uma análise das vantagens comparativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-12)
Andriotta, Amanda de Brito
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Cruz Júnior, José César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0086426315229286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1063048735368930
During the most recent decades the Brazilian foreign trade has shown significant changes regarding its pattern of trade specialization. These changes suggest that the country is undergoing into a process of exports reprimarization, caused mainly by the increase of the Chinese demand for commodities. The increase of the share of commodities in trade transactions between Brazil and the rest of the world has happened at the same time that manufactures have lost importance in the nations’ total trade. The new composition of the Brazilian foreign trade transactions indicates the country is following a new pattern in the international market. In addition, not only the country’s exports composition has changed over the last years, but we can also verify changes in the main exports destinations rank list. In this paper, our goal is to investigate the dynamics of changes in the Brazilian foreign trade transactions, focusing on exports, during the period of 1997 and 2003. We divided our analysis in different sectors, destination markets, and different periods to have a better understand of how changes happened. Our main hypothesis is that the reveled comparative advantages in international trade have led the country to the reprimarization process of its exports. Moreover, fewer sectors have shown high competitive levels over the last years, indicating a poor dynamics of Brazilian exports. In order to test our hypothesis, we first calculated revealed symmetric comparative advantages indexes, and then used Markov chains to calculate their probability distributions in different periods. We combined the two methodologies to identify the sectors and groups of technology where the country has higher competitiveness. We could also test for changes in exports composition, identifying which were the sectors and technology groups with higher trade competitiveness, in each period. Our results show that Brazil has been using its comparative advantages in the international trade, and its exports are becoming more dependent of commodities, since this is the group of products with higher revealed comparative advantages index. We also found a general loss of competitiveness in the non-commodity sectors during the analyzed period, which clearly shows that the country is facing a process of export reprimarization. The analysis of trade regarding different groups of countries shows that, even though with different intensities, commodity exports are becoming more relevant to all exports destinations (BRICS, European Union, MERCOSUL, and NAFTA), and it has happened more intensively during the third reporting period (2007- 2011). In addition, we also found that there is an indication that, in the future (ceteris paribus), there will be a possible convergence of exports in sectors with lower levels of comparative advantage. Our findings indicate that Brazil has been losing competitiveness in international trade, even with those products that the country has more comparative advantages in trade.
Avaliação de uso, apropriação e integração urbana de técnicas compensatórias para o manejo de águas pluviais: estudos de caso em Ribeirão Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-12)
Vicente, Tiago Zanetti de
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
Increasing urbanization has impacted in various ways in the environment, such as changes in the hydrological cycle, increased flooding and pollution of rain origin. Soil sealing and removal of vegetation reduce infiltration and increase the volume and speed of runoff. With the questioning of the hygienists paradigms based on rapid evacuation of runoff, alternative drainage systems seek temporal rearrangement of the flow from the use of Best Management Practices and forms of rainwater management integrated with urbanization. Some Brazilian cities have public policies to encourage the deployment of alternative drainage systems, as is the case of Ribeirão Preto, a city in the state of São Paulo with a long history of problems related to the management of storm water, as floods and maintenance its source to the underground water consumption. With the inclusion of flow control requirements in the legislation, multiplied by the city storm control structures. The objective of this study is to analyze the implementation of these BMPs in urban subdivisions, from the point of view of the ownership and use of these spaces and their integration with the surroundings. From the survey of legislation and storm control structures performed in the city, were selected two installments, the Allotment Parque dos Servidores and the Condominium Quinta do Golfe, for characterization and analysis of the conditions of pre-occupation, urban design and drainage and finally, the space for BMPs. The results highlights the neglect of the management of these spaces where maintenance is precarious and the interference of the population could compromise its hydrological functions. We conclude therefore that the technical implementation of compensatory policy is an ongoing process, not just boils down to its implementation, its success is linked to urban-landscape qualification, frequent maintenance, as well as community education and involvement in the management of these spaces
Influência de compostos xenobiontes na densidade, diversidade e função ecológica bacteriana de degradação do agrotóxico fipronil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-15)
Pacheco, Zaryf Araji Dahroug
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2053875175175770
The actual agricultural production system requires the use of chemicals such as pesticides and antimicrobials. These compounds, when reach aquatic environments, can cause serious environmental problems and affect target and non-target organisms such as microorganisms, that play key ecological functions to the ecosystem functioning. So, the objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the bactericidal action of oxytetracycline (OTC) and fungicide imazalil (IMZ) on bacterial ecological function of pesticide fipronil degradation; (II) evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline on density and aquatic bacterial diversity; (III) to monitor changes in bacterial dynamics in the presence of fipronil. Water was sampled in Beija-Flor Reservoir for mounting the experiments. Microcosms were prepared in triplicates for six different treatments: water; water and OTC; water and IMZ; water and fipronil; water, fipronil and OTC; water, fipronil and IMZ. The microcosms were kept in the dark at 21oC. Samples were collected at 1, 5, 10, 20, 45 and 70 days of incubation. It was determined the water pH, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), OTC and fipronil concentrations. Water samples from the microcosms were also used for bacterial density analysis by epifluorescence microscopy and diversity by DGGE band profiles analysis. The presence of OTC alone and especially mixed with IMZ affects bacterial diversity, but does not cause significant effect on fipronil degradation, suggesting the existence of functional redundancy among the individuals that formed the bacterial community. The oxytetracycline, at certain concentrations, promotes a bacterial density decrease and diversity increase, probably by mediating the coexistence of species as a result of the growth control of the best competitive bacteria. Fipronil may cause bacterial density increase but, concerning its diversity, initially in the experiment, it was reduced, comparing with the control samples. However, after 70 days, the diversity was similar, suggesting that the community was reestablished, leading us to consider that the community was resilient to the impact caused by fipronil.
Avaliação de habilidades sociais de adolescentes em conflito com a lei em interações com familiares e amigos : uma análise de metacontingências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-15)
Fogaça, Fabiane Ferraz Silveira
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Benvenuti, Marcelo Frota Lobato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5625607708848040
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Del Prette, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
The study of juvenile offender’s interactions with mother, brother, and friend indicates which categories of social skills (assertiveness, self-control, conversation, and empathy) are established by shaping and modeling processes. Furthermore, it produces more evidences to the relationship between prosocial and antisocial behavior. This study aimed to describe a set of interlocking behavioral contingencies (IBCs) comprised by categories of social skills, which in turn contribute to legal measures outcomes. This study is made up by three independent chapters. The chapter 1. “Social skills of young offenders and at risk adolescents” discussed the social skills repertories as one of multiple factors of evaluation and intervention with adolescents. In summary, the outcomes indicated improvement on social skills categories, specially presented in home settings, the decrease of offending persistence, and lower evidences of the impact of social skills improvements on other adults and peers relationships. The chapter 2, named “Contributions of conceptual, descriptive and experimental metacontingencies studies to family interactions”, explored the metacontingency unit of analysis. Specifically, it discussed the interpersonal relationship patterns as behavioral products transmitted along family members. The last chapter, named “Identifying social skills repertoires in juvenile offenders´ interactions with relatives and friends: a metacontingencies analysis” aimed to describe IBCs that contribute to legal measures results. The participants were three families composed by a mother, a juvenile offender, and a brother without a history of delinquency. Self-reports instruments and interviews were used. The data analysis procedures were as follows: the development of IBCs coding system, establishing relationship between categories of IBCs and categories of social skills, and establishing relationship between categories of IBCs and categories of aggregate products. The results suggested that the participants, who achieved better scores on socials skills categories, also got engaged in conversation, support, negotiation, cooperation, and rules establishment interactions. Also they achieved some of the goals of legal measures (aggregate products).
We will hold the line: o fandom como forma de participação dos fãs no desenvolvimento do universo transmidiático do jogo mass effect
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-15)
Palomino, Paula Toledo
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Andrade, Leonardo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921612856948891
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8123777210874634
The advent and popularization of the Internet has enabled the cultural convergence movement, creating numerous online communities as well as the consolidation of collective intelligence. Without being blocked by geographical barriers that once separated them, fans of today are much more active, organized and eager for content. Their voices can now be heard by the companies holding the canonicity of the stories on the internet, through protests on social networks and unofficial content building (fandom culture). Their reactions can influence and even change the original plots. This work aimed to study this phenomenon from the fans perspective and their participation in the evolution of the transmedia universe of Mass Effect games (2007-2012), from Bioware, through its unofficial productions such as fanfiction, specific actions through crowdfunding platforms and interactions via social networking communities like Facebook, in response to the end of game trilogy, which generated great dissatisfaction due to an expectation not fulfilled (from the perspective of those fans). It analyzed the narrative complexity of the work, and how this aspect influenced the relationship with the fans, culminating in this highly organized protest action against the ending, forcing the company holding the canon content to retract and change the ending of its work.
A formação de padres na diocese de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-16)
Rossi, Renan
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5742451767849892
Trying to understand a process through which individuals are raised in certain skills and dispositions, "physical and moral states" that are required by society as a whole, but also by specified groups to which one belongs, I conducted a research about the formation of Catholic priests process. I tried to understand from the experience of the diocese of São Carlos / SP, which dynamic, actors and situations were involved in this process of socialization, through which are cultivated in seminarians a number of provisions that in the future will contribute to the exercise of their priestly ministry. This set of provisions that I call priestly habitus is unconsciously and sometimes deliberately instrumentalized by these social actors, both in the daily performance of their social roles and in the maintenance activity or achievement of social positions in the Catholic Church or even in other fields such as the academic one. The dynamics of such priestly habitus cultivation takes place in a broad context, larger than the boundaries of a seminary, covering a range of training situations arranged through an institutionalized itinerary experiences that culminates in ordination. Such a priestly itinerary - equipped with native significance through a structured vocational speech that reduces the importance of profane motivations in the admission at the seminary provides the trajectories of these actors with a purity of inclination that omits the possibility of other interests (less transcendental ones). Finally, I discuss how to some members of the Catholic clergy, to be a priest not as regarded in the official speeches, but in the daily practices is less of an inescapable fixed identity than a contingency identification activity, which is evoked or omitted by these social actors according to the nature of relations at stake.
Modelagem por homologia da tubulina do Plasmodium falciparum e o estudo de lignanas ariltetralônicas antimaláricas por docking molecular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-16)
Corrêa, Denis da Silva
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Schpector, Julio Zukerman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
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Caracelli, Ignez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143
Malaria is an acute febrile disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium, being the species P. falciparum responsible for the most severe forms and deaths caused by the disease. These parasites have developed resistance to commonly used drugs and therefore there is a need to develop new antimalarial agents. Aryltetralone lignans are compounds that show antiplasmodial activity in vitro against P. falciparum, but its mechanism of action is still not fully understood. In this work, we postulate a plausible mode of action of some aryltetralone lignans and according to the obtained results we suggest modifications to the ligands for a better biological activity. In order to achieve our objectives we first performed a search for similar chemical compounds, for which their macromolecular targets were known. From the results obtained, P. falciparum tubulin was selected as a potential target for these lignans. Since there is no experimentally determined three-dimensional structure for this protein, we performed a molecular homology modeling of P. falciparum tubulin and the structure of bovine tubulin complexed with colchicine was selected as template. The analysis of the obtained model showed that the three dimensional structure of Plasmodium tubulin is conserved in relation to the bovine tubulin with some important substitutions occurring in the colchicine binding site region: Ala250B by Ser248B, Ala316B by Cys314B and Ile318B by Met316B. Then, molecular docking of the aryltetralone lignans, colchicine and podophyllotoxin was performed in the modeled P. falciparum tubulin. The docking calculations results allowed to conclude firstly that, although the amino acid substitutions in the binding site, the colchicine binding mode in the P. falciparum tubulin is exactly the same as that already described in the literature for bovine tubulin. As for podophyllotoxin, a different binding mode from that described in the literature for bovine tubulin was obtained due to the replacement of Ala250B by Ser248B and the Val318B by Met316B. For the aryltetralone lignans studied, three different binding modes were obtained: one exhibited by compounds 1, 2 and 3, another by 4 and 6, and a third one by 5. The lignans 1, 2 and 3 are oriented in a way so that the C ring containing the dimethoxy or methylenedioxy group is positioned in the same region obtained for the ring containing the trimethoxy group in the case of colchicine and podophyllotoxin, performing a C-H...π interaction with Leu246B. Lignans 4 and 6 orient themselves with the aromatic ring C between Ala180A and Leu246B and being held in this position by C-H...π interactions. Lignan 5 is oriented with the aromatic ring C between Leu246B and Leu253B, performing C-H...π interactions with these residues, in a similar way to what was obtained with colchicine in this site. So the likely mechanism of action of the aryltetralone lignans studied here would be their binding to the same colchicine binding site in the tubulin protein of P. falciparum and thereby interrupting the divisions and other cellular functions.
Avaliação de abordagens de gestão do conhecimento aplicadas a um processo de teste de software enxuto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-16)
Silva, Ana Eliza Pedroso da
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3444162625104967
Context: A well-defined testing process is necessary to ensure that the required activities are conducted effectively, supported by maturity models such as TMMi. Even so, for this activities results have real impact on the quality and reliability of the produced artefacts, is fundamental manage the knowledge belonging to the involved individuals. In this context, Knowledge Management (KM) is essential to help software testing professionals acquire and disseminate individual and group expertise. However, existing KM approaches for software testing are still incipient and are driven by different key concepts, such as feedback, lessons learned and knowledge documents. Objective: This work investigates the applicability degree of KM approaches in a streamlined software testing process, from the point of view of professionals with experience in leadership and testing team management in Brazilian companies. Method: A literature search allowed us to identify three KM frameworks for software testing processes. Based on them, we devised their underlying KM processes, upon which we performed two evaluations by means of a critical, in-depth analysis and a survey. An additional investigation explored the combination of the three KM key concepts in a single KM approach for software testing. All evaluations relied on the opinion of experienced software testing professionals. Results: Our results indicate the most applicable KM process, among to the three addressed in our study, to support testing teams in their activities. Such process relies on the concept of feedback provided throughout the software testing lifecycle. Conclusion: Different key concepts applied in KM process leads to diverging opinions regarding their applicability, in the particular scenario of software testing. Combining such concepts into a single KM process may not yield a better solution, possibly due to the augmented complexity and required effort to manage knowledge within testing teams.
Temporalidade e constituição : uma investigação acerca do acesso metodológico à esfera da consciência constitutiva do tempo na fenomenologia husserliana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-16)
Thomé, Scheila Cristiane
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Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334137965142207
The aim of this work is to analyze the possibility and the apparent limit of the reflective-descriptive methodological access to the deepest layer of the constitution of time in Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology. If on one side, reflection presents a real possibility of the phenomenological description of consciousness by seeing and capturing in an objectifying way the acts and objects of consciousness, on the other hand, there seems to be at first glance a certain limit concerning the grasp of reflection because reflection can not capture the deepest sphere of the constitution of time as it picks up objects and acts of consciousness, so this original constituent sphere can never become an object. The price paid for making this ultimate constitutive sphere of time an object is falling into a return to infinity. The examination of this methodological issue will be conducted based on the analysis of three periods in which Husserl investigates this question, namely, in On the Phenomenology of the Consciousness of Internal Time (1893-1917); Bernau Manuscripts (1917-1918) and Manuscripts C (1929 to 1934). The thesis that is being defended here is that ever since his early writings about the theme of temporality, Husserl seeks to prepare an answer to the question concerning the methodological access to the deepest realm of time constitution; but it is particularly in his afterthought by formulating the notion of transzendentalphänomenologisierende Ich that Husserl dissolves once and for all the apparent "limit" or "puzzle" about the reflective-descriptive access to the ultimate sphere of time constitution. This resolution becomes possible because the phänomenologisierende Ich is here understood as the Ego which constitutes the time as well as the Ego that observes itself retrospectively in their ways of constituting, so that in this retrospective and constituent movement the transcendental life of consciousness is accessed and can then be captured descriptively in their deepest constituents layers.
Distribuição espacial da tuberculose em um município do interior do estado de São Paulo entre 2008 - 2013
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-17)
Fusco, Alcione Pereira Biffi
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Protti-Zanatta, Simone Teresinha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6772128930979370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3860615184602053
Objective : To analyze the spatial distribution of tuberculosis cases in São Carlos / SP. Method : descriptive and ecological study of tuberculosis cases registered in the tb-web information system, between the years 2008 and 2013. Results: We identified 315 cases (addresses), and, of this total, 290 cases were geocoded, which corresponds to 92%. Most of these cases were male (n = 224; 70.89%), median age of 40 years and with the pulmonary clinical presentation predominant (n = 257; 81.33%). The distribution was not random or heterogeneous, representing specific areas of the municipality in epidemiological terms. Conclusion: The study showed that the city needs improvement with regard to aspects related to the management and planning of health services, strengthening the decentralization actions in relation to primary health care. In this sense, it is essential to increase the early detection and prevention actions, stimulating treatment adherence and active pursuit, contributing, consequently, to the improvement of tuberculosis patient’s care and their social environment.
Educar mentes e salvar almas : ação missionária protestante na escolarização de indígenas no sul do Mato Grosso (1928-1950)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-18)
Paes, Fernando Luís Oliveira Athayde
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1214223265145981
This research is linked to the line "History, Philosophy and Sociology of Education" from the Doctoral degree in Education, Post-Graduation Program in Education (PPGE) in the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar).The work aimed to search the Protestant missionary action in the schooling of Guarani Kaiowá indigenous ethnic group schooling in Evangelical Mission Caiuá in the south of Mato Grosso. The work aimed to search the protestant missionary activity in the schooling of indigenous from the ethnic group Guarani-Kaiowá in the Evangelical Caiua Mission in the old south of Mato Grosso. It was chosen as chronological temporal cut, the initial period understood as the arrival time of the first Protestant missionaries to that region (1928), culminating with the migrations that were consolidated during the 1950s, through the Agricultural Colony of Dourados (CAND ) and the admission of respondents in the Mission. The theoretical - methodological support, to provide subsidies to the collection, analysis and text editing, counted on contributions from the history and researchers who dedicated to the topic in the field of Mato Grosso, among others. The research focused on the historical circumstances of creation and development of the Evangelical Mission Caiua; therefore, it was given priority as historic sources, documents and interviews with the Guarani-Kaiowá. The Evangelical Mission Caiua in conformity with the patterns of education and evangelization was used by Protestant missionaries as a proposal of civilization and, in some cases, turning the indigenous into laborers, followers of Protestantism and Protestant pastors.
Avaliação de polímeros impressos para pré- concentração/extração de Se, U e Cd
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-18)
Lago, Ayla Campos do
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Luccas, Pedro Orival
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3672437413599685
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Fadini, Pedro Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427
This thesis describes the development of imprinted polymers for preconcentration of Se, Cd and U. The relevant factors to the FIA system and preconcentration were optimized by Doehlert matrix. Chapter I describes an atomically imprinted polymer synthesis for preconcentration of Se (0) and determination by HG-AAS. The method presents the following analytical features: linear range from 0.17 to 6.0 μg L-1 , limit of detection and quantification of 53 and 170 ng L-1 , respectively, of preconcentration factor of 232 and reading frequency analysis of 12 h-1 ; which were all applied in food samples. The accuracy was checked with certified reference material. Chapter II describes the synthesis of a hybrid imprinted polymer for uranium concentration and determination by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The polymer had adsorptive capacity of 1.55 mg g-1 , linear analytical range from 2.0 to 100.0 μg L -1 detection limit of 0.40 μg L-1 quantification limit of 1.25 μg L-1 , preconcentration factor of 97, concentration efficiency of 19.40 min-1 . The method was applied to water samples from rivers and lakes, with accuracy confirmed by alpha spectrometry. Finally, in Chapter III, a method for cadmium determination by TS-FF-AAS after preconcentration in imprinted polymer synthesized via bulk is proposed. The figures of merit were linear range 0.081 to 10 μg L-1 , detection and quantification limit of 24 and 81 ng L-1 , respectively. Preconcentration factor of 165 and frequency measures analyzes 25 h-1 . The method was applied in tea, hair, cigarette and jewelry samples. The accuracy was checked with certified reference material.
A política educacional do Estado de São Paulo: análise de um curso da Escola de Formação de Professores Paulo Renato Costa Souza
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-18)
Rosa, Carolina Aparecida
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6376181996199281
This work aims to contribute to the study of public policy for teacher?s education developed by the Education Department of the São Paulo State. It had as objective to observe and submit to critical pedagogical views of the School of Education and Teacher Enhancement Paulo Renato Costa Souza, having as object the course of Basic Nucleus offered to incoming teachers the 2010 public examination. This course has been applied as step round to all basic education teachers II approves the first phase of selection and developed in distance, with scholarship assistance. The methodology used in the research was documentary, through which were analyzed publications justifying the implementation of such public policy for teacher training, as well as the material produced for the course participants and the book ?Quantity is quality?, EFAP?s results of the first course?s application. To deepen the analysis, we considered the rescue of guiding elements of teacher education policies proposed by international regulatory agencies. The main result points out that the Teacher Training Course - Core Basic presented the reproduction of actions taken earlier, so the redesign of the course , did not it something new. The main result reveals that the Teacher Training Course ? Core Basic presented the reproduction of actions taken earlier, so the course?s redesign did not make it something new.
Multicomponent reactions in the discovery of organocatalysts and the diversification of organocatalytic approaches
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-19)
De La Torre, Alexander Fernández
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2494598351529435
This thesis reports the development of multicomponent approaches directed to specific objectives: a) the discovery of new and efficient peptide-based catalyst for asymmetric transformations and b) the synthesis of (hetero)cyclic natural products-like compounds derived from organocatylic/multicomponent reaction sequences. Chapter 1 describes the utilization of the Ugi-4CR reaction for the development of new prolyl pseudo-peptides capable to act as aminocatalysts in asymmetric conjugate addition reactions. Thus, a series of pseudo-peptides having the generic sequences Pro-N-R1-AA-NHR3, being AA an amino acid and R1 and R3 either alkyl or amino acids, were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The prolyl pseudo-peptides were screened for their catalytic efficacy, most of them proving great efficiency and good to excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivity in the asymmetric conjugate addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins. However, only moderate results were obtained in the asymmetric organocatalytic aldol reaction. A molecular modeling and NMR study were performed for catalysts 67 and 69, aiming to understand their different organocatalytic behavior based on the conformational features. A similar multicomponent process followed by a polymerization step was developed to obtain two new polyfurfuryl alcohol polymers bearing the prolyl pseudo-peptide motif anchored to polymer chain. The prolyl peptide-containing polymers were utilized in the heterogeneous organocatalytic conjugate addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins under bath and flow conditions, producing Michael adducts in moderate yield and enantioselectivity but in excellent diastereoselectivity. Chapter 2 describes the development of new reaction sequences based on consecutive organocatalytic and multicomponent reactions. Several aminocatalytic conjugate addition procedures were implemented to prepare chiral hemiacetals, which were next used in varied Ugi-type multicomponent reactions. These sequences include: a) the Michael addition of nitroethanol to , -unsaturated aldehydes followed by an Ugi reaction leading to cyclic depsipeptide mimics; b) the Michael addition of 1,3-cycloalkanediones to , -unsaturated aldehydes followed by a new stereoselective Ugi-Smiles-type reaction leading to hexahydroquinolin-6-ones; and c) the Michael addition of aldehydes to phenolic nitroolefins followed a new type of multicomponent reaction, leading to pentasubstituted cyclopentenes. The success of these sequences proved the potential of combining organocatalytic asymmetric transformations with follow-up multicomponent reactions for accessing natural product-like cyclic compounds.
Propriedades elétricas e estruturais do niobato de potássio e estrôncio obtido pelo método de Pechini
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-19)
Lima, Alan Rogério Ferreira
;
Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0935068923229080
The search for new technologies more efficient and environmentally sustainable, triggered the search for new materials and synthesis routes that present a low economic and energy impact. In this context, potassium and strontium niobate (KSr2Nb5O15) tetragonal tungsten bronze structure (type-TTB) was doped with La+3 and Ti+4 ions, with the aim of improving the structural and electrical properties and understand the structural effects on the dielectric properties of the structure host. Ceramics with stoichiometry KSr2Nb5O15 and K1+xSr2- 2xLaxNb5O15, K1+4xSr2-1.5xTixNb5-xO15 and K1+2xSr2-2xLaxNb5-xTixO15 (x = 0.05; 0.10 e 0.15) were synthesized using the Pechini method maintaining a molar ratio of citric acid:metal 4:1, mass ratio citric acid:ethylene glycol 60:40. The parameters of time and calcining temperature were optimized in order to obtain powders with high crystal domain crystallographic coherency. The powders were uniaxially and isostatically pressed and sintered in order to obtain dense ceramic bodies for electrical measurements. The ceramic bodies were characterized by morphological, structural and electrical analysis. The presence of La+3 and Ti+4 ions in octahedral led to changes in the network, and morphology of the host structure resulting in different dielectric behavior. The higher dielectric constant value was observed for the host structure KSr2Nb5O15. The dielectric behavior observed for solid solutions K1+xSr2-2xLaxNb5O15, K1+4xSr2-1.5xTixNb5-xO15 and K1+2xSr2-2xLaxNb5-xTixO15 (x = 0.05; 0.10 e 0.15) was attributed to growth abnormal grain in the ceramic body, structural modulations, occupation of octahedral sites and distortions of the octahedral host structure.
Monitoramento de mudas em plantio para restauração ecológica em área de floresta ombrófila densa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-19)
Vicentin, Alessandra
;
Leite, Eliana Cardoso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0264017270289536
The Atlantic Forest is considered hotspot for biodiversity conservation, due to its high biological diversity, high endemism and high threat of degradation. This scenario has raised concern about finding information to support recovery projects of degraded areas. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, coverage percentage in the soil and the survival of species of the Atlantic Forest, from the planting seedlings in different treatments, present in a particular area in the recovery process, in the region Vale do Ribeira, located in Sete Barras, Brazil. In 2004, the owner made the removal of vegetation for grazing deployment with brachiaria. In 2009, UFSCar was sought to implement the project of "experimental recovery of degraded areas" where seedlings were planted, divided into spacing of 1.5 x 2 m (dense treatment) and 3 x 2 m (conventional treatment). In this study, from July 2013 was carried out monitoring of the area to assess the growth and survival of planted seedlings as well as the percentage of shading and grasses. Five surveys were conducted (July 2013, October 2013, January 2014, April 2014 and July 2014) to evaluate the survival and growth (height, stem diameter and crown diameter) of the seedlings. 30 months after planting, the 220 individuals initially raised in this study, the survival was 85.2% in the dense treatment and 84.8% in the conventional treatment, so mortality was around 15% for both treatments. The species with the highest average growth in height were Croton floribundus, Cytharexyllum solanaceum, Casearia gossypiosperma, Croton urucurana, Colubrina glandulosa, Lafoensia pacari, Inga marginata e Myrsine guianensis. The species with the highest average growth in stem diameter were Acnistus arborescens, Croton urucurana, Apeiba tibourbou, Croton floribundus, Inga marginata, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Colubrina glandulosa and Lafoensia pacari. The species with the highest average growth in crown diameter were Croton urucurana, Croton floribundus, Cytharexyllum solanaceum, Acacia polyphyla, Colubrina glandulosa, Inga marginata, Lafoensia pacari and Rhamnidium elaeocarpum. As for the percentage coverage in the soil and grasses, there was significant difference in the dense and conventional treatment compared to witness. It is concluded that the above species are indicated for use in future restoration projects in areas of Rain Forest. Both treatments showed greatest shading (in comparison with witness) at the end of the monitoring period, thereby enabling a reduction of exotic grasses. However, in dense treatment was no shading and greater control of grasses. Thus, it can be concluded that at higher cost of implementation and the similar results, the dense treatment was not recommended thickened in the region.
Entre imigrantes e nativos digitais : a percepção docente sobre as novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação (NTIC) e o ensino da educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-06-19)
Indalécio, Anderson Bençal
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Campos, Douglas Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7847352503840983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4024869978826528
This study aimed to understand facts arising from educational processes applied to the teaching of Physical Education at the level of Basic Education, established by agents of different generations and mediated by resources of the new technology. The systematic analysis of the phenomenon permeated the understanding of factors related to the level of perception about the technology object of teachers classified as Immigrants and Digital Natives in the first instance; for later verification of the concerted relationship between the concreteness of the perceptible level expressed by the teacher and the appropriation of technological tools in teaching and learning processes in which they act. Based in a referential qualitative research, the methodology used for the range of explanations about this theme connected the instruments of data collection: structured questionnaire; interviews by guidelines class observations and filmings. The application of research understood two moments, as follows: a diagnostic exploration of the above dimension in the context of the totality of individuals who constitute the population of research, formed by Physical Education teachers effectives in a municipal school system of a municipal district of Northwest Paulista, and therefore, extensive analysis in details of vision and respective practice of teachers of both generational categories, and distinct levels of perception about the New Technologies of Information and Communication, the pedagogical approach mediated by technological resources applied to Physical Education at school. In this context was verified that those involved in the processes of appropriation of technological resources and applied together the learners are influenced to a greater extent by the level of perception maintained by the individual with the technological object, therefore, not justified necessarily the generational dimension of the teacher. This way, the adequation of significant educational proposals with the use of the New Technologies of Information and Communication remits to the perception and respective critically appropriation of technology in personal and professional daily use. In the end, about the interaction processes objectified in constructing of new knowledge, the potential didactic and conceptual gaps resulting from pedagogical actions mediated by technological resources in educational practices observed tend to be minimized by reflective communicative actions, directed to the dialogue between the educator agents, educating and technological object.