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Uso de blogs na formação inicial de professores de química a distância : benefícios e barreiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-20) Barro, Mario Roberto; Queiroz, Salete Linhares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925870606416937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3178780185080073
Investigations concerning pre-service teacher education in Chemistry have increasingly been made from the 1990s. Currently, studies that are based on reflective teaching are at the forefront. An alternative to creating a space for future teachers to reflect and discuss is setting up communities on the Internet using blogs. However, research aimed at using blogs in pre-service teacher education in chemistry in Brazil is scarce. In this work, we develop studies concerning the use of blogs in subjects related to the Curriculum stage and Teaching Practice in chemistry, taught on a long distance pre-service teacher education in chemistry. Therefore, we provide space on the blogs to publish and discuss activities carried out in lessons. Data was collected from publications on the blogs and by distributing questionnaires on the concept of teaching, as well as the use and acceptance of technology. We analysed the contributions of using blogs as a support tool for subjects, the evolution of the undergraduates’ teaching models and the perceptions of using blogs. We also detected and classified the levels of the undergraduates’ reflections concerning actions taken during the stages. Based on data analysis, changes from the future teachers’ previous conceptions could be observed regarding teaching and the acceptance of using blogs in education. Furthermore, using blogs helped the undergraduates to share, discuss and reflect on the activities of the subjects and actions taken in the curriculum stage. Finally, based on an extensive literature review carried out for this research and the results from it, we consider the benefits provided by the blogs in the context of pre-service teacher education, as well as the barriers that hinder its use.
Alinhamento entre cultura organizacional e valores relativos ao trabalho em uma instituição financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-20) Silva, Rodrigo Augusto Quintiliano da; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3712192596699115
Organizational Culture is a theme that has been gaining interest in the academic area and in business management, mostly since the 1980's. Organizational culture can be understood as a set of assumptions, values, and artifacts transmitted between its members, creating a meaning which defines a behavior pattern in an organization. This study aimed to analyze the alignment between cultural and work related values of potential employees in a Brazilian Financial Institution. It was relevant for the studied company to analyze the expectations of the new employees, since these expectations may or may not converge with the present cultural values, influencing these people. Since the organizational culture rules the company and its member's behaviors, according to the definition, it is believed that the analysis of the alignment between work related values and the organizational culture is an important diagnostic tool for strategic actions. The research was developed in a large financial institution, of mixed economy, and because of this fact, it shows the coexistence between public and private values. By performing a survey between the potential employees of that organization (approved in a public examination and summoned to take office), it was possible to identify the values that would orientate their work life and, afterwards, these values were compared to the cultural values already existing in the company. With regard to corporate values (declared by the organization), an alignment in the ones related to safety, accomplishment, universalism, and benevolence was observed. As far as organizational values go (values shared by the organization members), there was an alignment in those related to safety, conformity, and self-determination, as well as a partial alignment in the values related to realization, universalism, and benevolence. Considering both types of values as representatives of the company's organizational culture, we found an alignment in safety values and a misalignment in the values related to power, dominance, and prestige. The lack of alignment in these values must be observed by the company, since that can influence the satisfaction of new employees with their work negatively, contribute to a higher turnover rate, and even influence the financial performance of the company. Additionally, the new employees values can, over time, modify the company's culture itself.
Estudo da geração dos resíduos da construção civil (RCC) em empreendimento habitacional de interesse social no município de Taquaritinga-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-20) Soares, Diego Henrique; Marques Neto, José da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4578449335009496
The construction industry is the largest consumer of natural resources in their activities. It is estimated that a square meter of construction of a building is consumed an average of one ton of materials, which explains the use of large amounts of cement, sand, gravel, and other inputs during its construction process. Furthermore, the construction is the industry which produces more waste. In Brazil, this situation is aggravated by the construction technology normally applied in new buildings, especially in works of social interest. In these projects, the traditional process of implementation combined with poor quality of production management favors large losses and physical resources waste, which ultimately generate huge amounts of construction waste (RCC) in the beds. For all these reasons, the diagnosis of RCC generation in housing projects of social interest is of great importance, since it can support management strategies of material consumption to reduce waste and costs. In this sense, this paper aims to study the generation of waste from the construction of a housing project of social interest in the city of Taquaritinga-SP, with special focus on the generation rate (kg / m²) of this type of venture. The methodology will be held bibliographical and documentary reviews of the object of study work, and methodologies used by other authors in previous studies to obtain the generation of RCC and their respective generation rate per square meter. It should be noted that in developed countries, this waste production indicator from new construction is around 50 kg / m2, well below the Brazilian indices that revolve around 150 kg / m2. This study showed the rate of 226,28kg / m², demonstrating that the enterprise is slightly above the Brazilian indices. With the completion of this research, we hope to obtain important results for the area of social housing, as the studies of RCC does not include rates for this type of residential development, unlike the indexes extracted in vertical buildings or even reform and demolitions.
A gênese das gêneses instrumentais: o projeto no uso de máquinas colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil e na Austrália
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-08-20) Narimoto, Lidiane Regina; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4092251275940860
The mechanization of sugarcane harvesting in Brazil has been presenting significant growth since 2007. The machines used in the fields were originally designed in Australia and were transferred to Brazil in the 70 s. Since its original conception, the design has suffered several modifications and improvements. In ergonomics, it is known that the appropriation of artifacts leads to a process of construction and reconstruction of uses and devices, so that the design continues in usage. With this regard, the present study aimed to analyze the process of design in use of sugarcane harvester machines and to contribute to the understanding of how users design. Considering that the machine was originated in Australia, the study also aimed to conduct a comparative study between the two situations, based on the principles of antropotechnology. Furthermore, given the historical participation of users in design process of sugarcane harvesters, the study also aimed to verify whether this participation still exists now that the design is controlled by multi-national equipment manufacturers. For this purpose, three case study were conducted in Brazil and two in Australia, according to the principles of Ergonomic Work Analysis. The obtained results describe the studied situations, the activity and operation, the modifications in machine s design performed by the harvesting teams, the elaboration process and the need for design improvements. The modifications in machines design were divided into three categories: structural, functional and operational. Structural modifications aimed to adapt the technology to Brazilian conditions: the soil characteristics and the duration of the harvesting season in the country. Functional modifications aimed to solve design problems not anticipated by designers during design process. Operational modifications represented the contribution of users and their activity to the design. In Brazil, several modifications were found and they were elaborated through the articulation of competences of two actors: harvester operator and harvester mechanic. Besides the differences in the amount of modifications, other differences between the two countries were the work organization and the harvesting strategies. It can be concluded that: 1) design in use is essential to adapt a technology to local conditions of usage; 2) the genesis of instrumental genesis is in the junction of operators activity and of mechanics inventory to practice bricolage as a way of designing, as well as the existence of social spaces of interaction between these subjects; 3) users participation, which has always been essential to the design of sugarcane harvester machines, is still crucial and can be reached through a dialogical approach of design.