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Efeito da temperatura sobre a ventilação, metabolismo e preferência térmica em duas populações de lagarto da espécie Tropidurus torquatus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09) Porto, Lays de Souza; Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8391367994012569
Several studies have demonstrated the environment's influence on the ecology and physiology of organisms and that environmental variations can promote behavioral and physiological adaptations of an individual, thus tracing its life's story. Ambient temperature, in particular, is a factor that has large influence on the physiological processes, which can cause changes in breathing patterns and metabolism in some species. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the ventilatory, metabolic and thermal preference responses of two populations of lizards of the Tropidurus torquatus specie, coming from different regions of Brazil: one collected in the Pampa biome and the other one collected in areas of sandbanks in the Mata Atlântica biome. To assess the ventilatory and metabolic responses of both populations, individuals were acclimated at different temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) and exposed to three experimental temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C). The thermal preference was also obtained after a period of acclimatization of the animals to the above temperatures. Our data on the thermal preference showed no significant difference among the studied populations, which leads us to suggest that the preferred body temperature of these animals is a phylogenetically conserved trait. Regarding ventilation and metabolism data, our studies showed that both the population from the south of Brazil, as the population of the Northeast, showed the same metabolic rate, however, the population of the Pampas showed a greater ventilation, reflecting a hyperventilation of these lizards. Thus, we suggested that the lizards collected in South and Northeast may have different strategies to maintain the same metabolic rates. Finally, we found that the acclimation temperature did not affect the studied variables, except for tidal volume, which was significantly lower in animals acclimated to 20°C, and that oxygen consumption that was significantly less to the experimental temperature of 20ºC.
Estudo taxonômico e ecológico dos Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) em área de mata atlântica em diferentes estágios sucessionais, no Parque Estadual da Serra Do Mar, São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09) Melo, Ivy Frizo de; Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7238047166431880
The Hymenoptera parasitoids have valuable ecological role as predators, pollinators, and parasitoids, being responsible for the natural control of populations of many phytophagous species. This paper aims to contribute to the increase in knowledge about taxonomy and geographical distribution of Ichneumonidae family in forest patches of tropical rainforest in different successional stages in Serra do Mar State Park, Santa Virgínia Center, São Luiz do Paraitinga, SP . The material was collected using Moericke traps in nine points, three in each area, degraded, secondary succession and preserved. The samples were collected every 30 days for 12 months. Data Loggers were used to obtain local abiotic variables information. Of the 19 identified subfamilies, Cryptinae, Ichneumoninae and Orthocentrinae were the most abundant and the only ones considered common, dominant and constant, while Ctenopelmatinae, Labeninae, and Lycorininae Ophioninae were considered rare. The preserved area had the highest abundance and lower richness. The highest richness, diversity and evenness were observed in degraded area, the lowest abundance and evenness in secondary succession area. The abundance's distribution of subfamilies showed a positive relationship between the dry and rainy seasons and the different successional stages. In degraded and secondary succession areas, there was no significance in the relationship between the variations of richness, abundance and diversity of Ichneumonidae’s subfamilies and abiotic variables. In preserved area, there was an indication of the relationship between measures of diversity and relative humidity. The Anomaloninae, Banchinae, Cremastinae, Ctenopelmatinae, Diplazontinae, Labeninae, Lycorininae, Mesochorinae, Metopiinae, Nesomesochorinae, Ophioninae, Pimplinae, Rhyssinae, Tersilochinae and Tryphoninae were identified in 72 species and morphospecies, divided into 32 genera, with 20 possible new species. Five genera and 22 species were reported for the first time to Brazil.
Complexos de rutênio(III) com bases de Schiff tridentadas e tetradentadas do tipo Salophen : potenciais catalisadores na oxidação de catecol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09) Katayama, Juliana Midori Toia; Dockal, Edward Ralph; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9455477476400501
Ruthenium complexes are known as versatile electron-transfer and energy-transfer compounds. Due to these unique characteristics, ruthenium complexes exhibit a wide range of applications in various research areas such as artificial photosynthesis, photomolecular devices, biological probes, oxidation catalysts and organic synthesis. In the last two decades, salophen ligands and their complexes have received much attention, mainly because of their extensive applications in the fields of synthesis and catalysis. Thus, ruthenium(III) complexes with Schiff bases have several potential applications in the catalytic reactions such as cyclopropanation, epoxidation, aziridination, sulfimidation, catechols oxidation and Diels-Alder reactions. In this work were synthesized ligands and ruthenium complexes containing tridentate and tetradentate Schiff bases, which have substituted aromatic diimines, with satisfactory yields. The compounds synthesized in this work were characterized by melting point measurements, solubility tests, conductivity measurements, vibrational spectroscopy in the IR region, absorption spectra in the UV-vis, and cyclic voltammetry. The ligands were also characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. The synthesized complex catalyzed oxidation of the substrate, 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol, in their respective quinone; and these transformations were accompanied by absorption spectroscopy in the UV-vis region in 24 hours of reaction. The complexes’ structures have allowed structural and electronic effects to be evaluated and correlated with their catalytic activities. Although slow and low substrate conversion, less than 30%, trends were observed for correlations between structure and catalytic activity. The percentages of 3,5-di-tert-butilquinone obtained for the best catalysts among these complexes suggests that there is a step of forming a catalytically active species during the reaction time.
A prática do trabalho no desenvolvimento das competências laborais : estudo da atividade de trabalho do auxiliar operacional de fazenda experimental de Instituição de Ensino Superio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-09) Luz, Maria de Lourdes Santiago; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2658676199882274
Driven by a social need, the managers of an experimental farm belonging to the Agricultural Science Center at an institution of higher education raised concerns about ongoing support and maintenance of the farm. During the investigation process, the difficulty of filling staff positions for agricultural operations assistants was among the managers’ concerns. The reorganization of the workforce at a public institution is subject to public tenders, protocols and resolutions established by state law, university statute and internal regulations. The qualifications or knowledge contained in the professional profile description (personal competencies for the function) for an agricultural operations assistant established by the institution allow for explicit descriptions which fail to capture the reality of the work. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to systematize the creation of work competencies for the position of an agricultural operations assistant from the perspective of ergonomic activity in order to improve the performance of the experimental farm. For the study of work and worker competencies unique to this context, an Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) research protocol was used, a methodology appropriate for ergonomic activity interventions. The organization of work at the experimental farm allows for flexibility in maneuvers that favor the use and evolution of competencies depending on the sector and individual initiative. The management model that establishes discretionary power and knowledge gained by operations assistant, are unique aspects of the determinants of the labor organization studied. As an experimental farm, the research, independent of any area it advances, uses new technologies and with this, the operational competencies are understood as factors inherent in the work, in the form of actions of the operations assistant, based on the characteristic of the organization (experimental farm - agricultural unit for research and teaching).