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Reconhecimento de gestos aplicado as áreas da saúde : mudança de paradigma na interação humano computador por meio de estímulos motores e cognitivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Brandão, Alexandre Fonseca
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Trevelin, Luis Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082419783043736
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2847941419821206
Taking into consideration the culture and the lifestyle as prevention and health promotion strategies the idea was to provide users with non-conventional means of interacting with the Virtual Reality (VR) environment, using motor gestures in a physically active an essentially playful way. The set of applications was developed to be controlled using a gesture recognition sensor (Kinect – Microsoft), which scans the user’s body using an infrared camera. A set of applications called GestureCollection, represented by GestureChair – it was developed from a free version of the Pacman game and gives to the user the possibility of controlling the game using his hands (up, down, left or right). It was initially directed to spinal cord injury, which causes paraplegia and compromises the function of lower limbs but not the upper limbs, but in principle, it can be applied to any condition that partially disables upper limbs. GesturePuzzle – it was implemented as a virtual puzzle game where the user mounts an image from separate parts. The interaction with the VR environment occurs through natural movement of picking up and dropping the pieces where the user freely explores the shoulder joint in all planes of motion. GestureChess – it was developed to control a chess game, in which the first movement is a click that creates the origin of a spatial coordinate system. From this point it is possible to associate hand movements to pointer coordinates thus controlling the game. This is an application indicated to users who require intense cognitive stimulation related, in this case, to the calculation of probabilities required by chess game itself. Simultaneously, it is useful for upper limb stimulation. GestureMaps – it was developed for the exploration of geographic maps in Google Streetview. This application is controlled by body gestures, namely lower limb lifting (to simulate walking) and trunk rotation to the right or left (according to the desired direction). It was proposed having in mind elderly people who have spatial disorientation. Finally, RehabGesture - This software allows the measurement of range of motion (in the coronal plane) 0° extension to 145º of flexion of the elbow joint and from 0° aduction to 180° of abduction of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint, leaving the standing position. The presented applications (GestureCollection) allow muscle recruitment at different speeds and ranges of motion, training of general motor coordination, and cognitive stimulation in situations of dual task performed in virtual environments, with gestural control.
Entrevistas e visitas: perspectivas do CadÚnico em São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Melo, Daniel Ramos da Silva
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0790660428266066
The single register is a program created in 2001 to the union databases of a serials of social programs with the target to support the formulation and implementation of public policies to the poor population and extreme poverty. In other hands a key features is being a program used by the federal government that has been municipalized management, which means dynamics, conflicts and changes local become part and affect way the single register has been operated locally. This work is the result of wilde field research conducted between from 2011 to 2013 at São Carlos - SP and presents some developments continuities and ruptures after a change in the political framework to city after the result of municipal election to 2012. I have followed the routine of interviewers, interviewed managers and people who has worked directly in the creation and implementation processes of the register locally and the Ministry of Social Development and Hunger Alleviation (MDS) in Brasilia. The idea of this essay is that the counter (or bays service) functions is like an update of the "great divider" widely discussed by Anthropology. To the interaction between beneficiaries and interviewers and analysis of Registration of Books can perceive a privileged way the ways in which (re) produce thougts about race, gender roles and the very definition of state sectors borders from the different possibilities of cutouts and is positioned on one side or the other of the counter
Desvulcanização termomecânica contínua de borracha natural da banda de rodagem de pneus automotivos por meio do processo de extrusão em rosca dupla
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-10)
Nunes, Anderson Thadeu
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Ambrósio, José Donato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9470914895315270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3680315285879991
The Natural rubber is a renewable source material widely used in the manufacture of automotive tire tread. The vulcanization results in a high thermodynamic stability and wide working range materials. However, after the end of life serious environmental and public health problems can occur because of improper disposal or burning. Recycling (devulcanization) is an attractive alternative because it takes advantage of the invested energy potential and relieves the pressures for planting new areas. The devulcanization of natural rubber automotive tire tread was performed by means of double screw extrusion process and intermeshing co-rotating. The directionality and magnitude of shear stress achieved in the process are able to overcome the energy of chemical bonds that make up the cross- linking of vulcanized NR. The devulcanization configures the convertion of three-dimensional structure in two-dimensional for selective splitting of crosslinking preserving such bonds between carbons of the Natural Rubber macromolecular chain. Virgin Natural Rubber compounds and post-consumer load tire tread underwent vulcanization process after being cryogenically milled. The devulcanization was carried out by assessing the influence of the extrusion process parameters, the effect of the particle size range, the presence of thermoplastic material and the addition of antioxidant. After extrusion, it was evaluated the magnitude of the soluble fraction of the extrudates. Soluble were evaluated for thermal stability, thermal behavior and the chemical groups present. They were obtained soluble content exceeding 50%. The most significant were obtained for compound of NR extruded without thermoplastic material. Thermal and chemical analysis indicated the presence of natural rubber molecules. Composite rubber virgin Natural and Natural Rubber devulcanized were prepared and vulcanized. The mechanical properties of tensile strength and hardness of these composites were comparable to those of virgin material, showing that the co-rotation and interpenetrating twin screw extrusion process has great potential for devulcanization for Natural Rubber.
Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy,1907) (HEMIPTERA : APHIDIDAE) : aspectos biológicos e respostas às ações de bioinseticidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-11)
Gambarra, Wanessa Porto Tito
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Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4534870573184434
Aphids are important pests in agriculture, mainly because they are vectors of phyto-pathogenic virus. One of the ways to control these insects, is the use of botanical insecticides. However in order to the control to be effective it is also necessary to know their biological characteristics. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioactivity of several plant extracts upon Toxoptera citricidus, presently considered one of the most important pests of citric plantations. For this purpose its life cycle has been studies and important metabolic processes as: consumption, production, respiration and excretion were quantified. Based on these data the species life table and energy budget were constructed. The bioactivity of 11 species of plants including a nanoformulation of the neen, Azadirachta indica, was evaluated through acute toxicity tests. T. citricidus was maintained on Citrus limonia under controlled constant conditions in the laboratory. Among these 5 had insecticide activity upon T. citricidus causing mortality to 80 % of the individuals tested or more. The lethal median concentration (CL50 48h) varied from 0.17 to 4.10 mg/mL for the nynphal phases and from 0.30 to 5.01 mg/mL to adults thus evidencing insecticide properties and presenting high to be used in the management of this pest. A magnetic nuclear ressonance of honeydew, the excretion product of this aphid, evidenced the presence of important aminoacids besides carbohydrates allowing an advance in the knowledge on aphid-ants and aphid- host plant. The total energy budget of of T. citricidus varied According to the aphid age. Mean daily energy consumption were 0.3717 cal for nymphs and 0.4761cal for adults. The energy fraction invested in production by T. citricidus was high, with a mean value around 60%, evidencing high efficiency of energy retention. It was concluded that considering its biological characteristics T. citricidus has a relevant role in the energy transference across the ecosystem.
Complexos mono, bi e trinucleares de metais de transição com bases de Schiff tridentadas tipo ONN e tetradentadas do tipo ONNO : síntese, caracterização e estudos como catalisadores na oxidação de catecois
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-11)
Silva, Ricardo Soares Mota
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Dockal, Edward Ralph
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7666959621410912
Salen-type complexes are an important class of coordination compounds, which have been used to catalyze a wide variety of reactions in various homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Complexes of transition metals are very versatile and participate in many chemical processes, which make the study of these very interesting. Research shows that the complexes of salen [salen = N, N'-ethylenebis (salicilidenoamina)] are efficient catalysts, and some compounds of this type have been investigated as catalysts in the oxidation of catechol. In this work were synthesized six types of compounds, ligands, symmetric mononuclear complexes, tridentate complexes, asymmetric mononuclear complexes, binuclear and trinuclear complexes. The series have satisfactory yields. The synthesized compounds in this work were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, vibrational spectroscopy in the IR region, absorption spectra in the UV-vis, conductivity measurements and solubility. The ligands and three palladium(II) complexes were also characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance. From these characterizations, comparisons were made between ligands, mononuclear, tridentate, binuclear and trinuclear complexes, and also with respect to the effects of the substituents on the aromatic ring at positions 4 and 5. The kinetics was performed using a spectrophotometer, following the formation of the product derived from oxidation of 3,5-di-tert-butylcatechol at 400 nm. In kinetic study were tested the binuclear and the trinuclear complexes which showed catalytic activities compatible with those of similar complexes described in the literature, among them we can mention the binuclear complexes [Cu(Cu(t-4DEA-salcn))Cl2] e [Cu(Cu(t-5NO2- salcn))Cl2] , kcat = 0,132 s-1 e kcat = 0,108 s-1, respectively; and the palladium(II) copper(II) binuclear complexes [Cu(Pd(t-salcn))Cl2] e [Cu(Pd(t-4-DEA-salcn))Cl2], kcat = 0,113 s-1 e kcat = 0,240 s-1, respectively.
Construção da parábola através de modelos lúdicos e computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-11)
Tassone, Márcia Zulian Teixeira
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
Technological development is associated with systematic and organized knowledge, gathered during the entirety of human existence. The conics, in particular, the parabola, have a relevant presence in this development, although its study in basic education has been restrained to the manipulation of formulas without a context. This dissertation discusses the development of diverse activities related to the teaching of the parabola with the goal of relating theory and practice through its use in an academic context. This project was initially designed and developed for one class in their third year of high school at a public institution in Brazil. In order to introduce the characteristics and properties of the parabola, the use of physical and entertaining activities such as paper folding, along with resources from the geometrical environment, especially the program GeoGebra, were put to use to in order to achieve investigation, data analysis, a search for regularities, and identification and validation of the mathematical models. The diverse activities motivated the students to build a parabolic solar stove, which helped to connect theory and practice. In a second phase of experiment, the activities were applied in another public school, with the goal of involving a larger corpus of students within the fields of mathematics and the natural sciences. The activities developed used parabolic objects for reflection of sound waves and led to the elaboration of a project to build a parabolic bench in the school’s garden. It also presents a short analysis of the teaching and learning processes, based on the hypotheses of Piaget and Paulo Freire, about the role that mathematics has in human development and the aspects of mathematics education that utilize investigative processes and modeling. It was perceived the efficiency on the development of the competencies and abilities required nowadays and its viability to the realization of the scholarly activities.
Análise de predação intraguilda em alfafa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-11)
Iemma, Luis Gustavo Rodrigues
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Sousa e Silva, Carlos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1043228491783390
Aphids are considered as pests in several crops causing direct and indirect damage to the plants. In alfalfa fields (Medicago sativa), the species Acyrthosiphon pisum, Acyrthosiphon kondoi, Aphis craccivora and Therioaphis trifolii are found very often. Their natural enemies include predators and parasitoids among others. The aim of this work was to analyze the seasonal fluctuation of aphid populations and its relationship with climatic variables through correlation tests; in laboratory, to select the aphid species which were abundant in the field, having parasitoids and coccinelids predators associated with the intention of using them in serologic tests aiming to observe a possible intraguild predation. The serological technique is based on reactions as antigen/antibody where the antibodies are obtained to the specie of interest. The gathering of aphids, predators and parasitoids occurred from March 2013 to May 2014 in experimental alfalfa crioula fields located at Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste Unit, São Carlos, SP. Therioaphis trifolii was the most abundant aphid during the sampling period, followed by Acyrthosiphon pisum. Considering all species the populational peak occurred in September 2013 and the lower in January 2014. According to the tests, all species had no correlation with the rain, and no other variable presented significant influence in aphid’s seasonal fluctuation. 1208 coccinelids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of six species were sampled and the three with more specimens, Harmonia axyridis, Hippodamia convergens and Cycloneda sanguinea respectively, were separated to be part of the serological tests. A typical pattern predator-prey was observed. No species of parasitoids were found in T. trifolii and one species of parasitoid, Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) was found on A. pisum, and this led to its choice to the intraguild predation tests. According to the serological tests results, 52 among 485 coccinelids tested had traces of the parasitoid in its gut contents, that means 10,72% of the coccinelids ate parasited aphids. Feeding tests have shown that the parasitoid A. ervi can be detected up to 72 hours after its ingestion.
Avaliação dos hábitos de vida segundo a Assessment of Life Habits (LIFE-H) : adaptação cultural e valores normativos para crianças brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-14)
Silva, Fernanda Pereira dos Santos
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Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2035754554780009
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5480471313598961
Rating scales of infant development have been increasingly used in clinical and scientific research. However, the challenge of accurately identifying changes is compounded by the lack of standardized assessment tools and validated for the Brazilian population. Furthermore, to assess the child's life habits have been increasingly promoted in clinical and scientific research. Thus, the first study identified the child assessment tools developed in Portuguese or translated into Portuguese; characteristics of the aspects evaluated by them were presented, and identified their clinical utility and quality. In conclusion, still need to be developed or translated and validated instruments for children under 4 years, with the matter of activities of daily living and children's social participation and that take into account the context and family issues. Thus, the second study was conducted to present the process of translation and cultural adaptation of the Assessment of Life Habits for children to Brazilian Portuguese. In the process of translation, the Brazilian version was called LIFE-H_BR (Avaliação dos Hábitos de Vida, para crianças do nascimento aos 4 anos de idade). The results obtained in this study demonstrated high concordance (<94%) and similarity between the technical judges in the translation process and that 29 items had to be modified in the process of cultural adaptation. However, it is necessary that the evaluation is performed with valid instruments for the studied population. Therefore the third and fourth studies were performed. Study 3 determined the percentage of items LIFE-H_BR adapted for children from 0-4 years that are directly related to the items of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY) and reported that areas of ICF-CY are represented in LIFE-H_BR. In addition, the percentage of items in the Activities and Participation ICF-CY that can be evaluated using the LIFE-H_BR was determined, and if the LIFE-H_BR is limited to evaluate all components of the ICF-CY. The results showed that the LIFE-H_BR evaluates the participation of children and in this criterion it meets what is proposed, i.e., it has construct validity. Study 4 aimed to verify the concurrent and predictive criterion validity of the LIFEH_ BR, and demonstrated strong and positive correlation between the raw score of LIFE-H_BR and PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), confirming the concurrent validity between the two instruments. The similarity between the raw score of LIFE-H_BR and PEDI was also considered strong and positive, scores confirming the predictive validity of the LIFEH_BR. Thus, the Brazilian version of the LIFE-H is an instrument that has strong concurrent and predictive validation with PEDI and is considered valid for the evaluation of Brazilian children. Thus, it is expected that the LIFE-H_BR can be an important tool for evaluation, development and monitoring of lifestyle conditions of child patients. In addition, it is a tool for clinicians and researchers to assess the life habits of Brazilian children, allowing future comparative studies of children with disorders and disabilities. It is noteworthy that the LIFE-H_BR has the advantage of observation and evaluation of family satisfaction level regarding the independence and participation of children in society, one more data that can guide the intervention in children's rehabilitation process.
Localização de centros de auxílio e distribuição de suprimentos em operações de respostas a desastres
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-15)
Moreno, Alfredo Daniel Arteaga
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Alem Junior, Douglas José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/074444826415006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8809415112629602
The recent natural disasters around the world have shown the difficulties of the various organi- zations in effectively manage post-disaster operations. These difficulties reflect the complexity of the activities involved in those situations. Among the many decisions that must be made quickly in disaster situations, the location of relief centers and the distribution of supplies are essential to the survival of the affected community. On the other hand, operation as fleet sizing are also relevant since it is a scarce resource the available vehicles to perform the distribution of commodities. Although many studies in the literature have developed mathematical models to assist such decisions, few authors have integrated these decisions to get solutions that are more efficient. In the present work this integration is studied, they are developed mixed integer stochastic programming models to support location decisions, distribution and fleet sizing in a multi-period, multi-product and multi-modal context, and considering some uncertainties that are common in disasters, such as number of victims, availability of supplies, proportion of available inventory and arc availability. Also, it is considers the transportation time and social costs in the objective function. Decomposition heuristics were developed to solve large instances of the problem. Models and heuristics were analyzed based on the megadisaster in the Mountain Region of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil in 2011. The results indicate that the developed mathematical models provide efficient solutions from a practical point of view and that the implemented heuristics are efficient to solve practical instances of the models
Entre os documentos e as retomadas : movimentos da luta pelo território em Brejo dos Crioulos (MG)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-15)
Costa, Pedro Henrique Mourthé de Araújo
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Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7997930341504935
It has been seventeen years of struggle since the opening of the legal procedures for the recognition of Brejo dos Crioulos - a community located in the Outback North Miner, on the border of three cities - São João da Ponte, Verdelâ ndia and Varzelâ ndia -, as a “quilombo remnant territory”. Victims of a violent territorial expropriation process since the mid-1930s, the quilombolas started retaking their territory in 1998, with confrontations inside and outside the quilombo with the aim of pushing forward the process of land titling. Due to the slowness of the State in dispossessing the farmers who have ocupied the region ilegally, the quilombolas haved used two strategies in their confrontations: the retomadas [land retaking] and the mobilization of a partners network and of documents - legal proceedings, reports, anthropological report, decrees, correspondence, notes, projects, inquiries and police inquiries - in different institutions and in various courts, featuring a bureaucratic universe that is actuated at various moment. This landscape of conflict is composed by an interweaving of various political forces. This dissertation deals with the various movements that make up the struggle for the territory in Brejo dos Crioulos, which was only recognized as a “quilombo remnant” by the Palmares Cultural Foundation (FCP) in 2004, by describing ethnographic encounters between the quilombolas, anthropology and State in the course of the titling process.
Modelagem de dados de sistemas reparáveis com fragilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-15)
Feitosa, Cirdêmia Costa
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062816668207162
The usual models in repairable systems are minimal, perfect and imperfect repair, and, in the literature, the minimum repair model is the most explored. In repairable systems it is common that the same type of components are studied and in these cases is relevant to verify the heterogeneity between them. According to Vaupel et al. (1979), the standard methods for analysis of repairable systems data ignore the heterogeneity not observed and in some cases this should be considered. Such variability can be estimated from frailty models, characterized by using a random e ect. It is proposed that the minimum repair model with frailty in order to estimate the heterogeneity not observed between systems. For this model it was conducted a simulation study in order to analyze the frequentist properties of the estimation process. The application of a real data set showed the applicability of the proposed model, in which the estimation of the parameters were determined from maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches.
Uma abordagem para construção de sistemas fuzzy baseados em regras integrando conhecimento de especialistas e extraído de dados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-17)
Lima, Helano Póvoas de
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4850820391832869
Historically, since Mamdani proposed his model of fuzzy rule-based system, a lot has changed in the construction process of this type of models. For a long time, the research efforts were directed towards the automatic construction of accurate models starting from data, making fuzzy systems almost mere function approximators. Realizing that this approach escaped from the original concept of fuzzy theory, more recently, researchers attention focused on the automatic construction of more interpretable models. However, such models, although interpretable, might not make sense to the expert. This work proposes an interactive methodology for constructing fuzzy rule-based systems, which aims to integrate the knowledge extracted from experts and induced from data, hoping to contribute to the solution of the mentioned problem. The approach consists of six steps. Feature selection, fuzzy partitions definition, expert rule base definition, genetic learning of rule base, rule bases conciliation and genetic optimization of fuzzy partitions. The optimization and learning steps used multiobjective genetic algorithms with custom operators for each task. A software tool was implemented to support the application of the approach, offering graphical and command line interfaces and a software library. The efficiency of the approach was evaluated by a case study where a fuzzy rule-based system was constructed in order to offer support to the evaluation of reproductive fitness of Nelore bulls. The result was compared to fully manual and fully automatic construction methodologies, the accuracy was also compared to classical algorithms for classification.
Participação dos receptores purinérgicos P2 no núcleo do trato solitário sobre as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-18)
Marques, Naira
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Paula, Patrícia Maria de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0201361251312074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9275522584355383
Cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia are controlled by brainstem areas including the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). In the present study, we investigated the effects of suramin (a non-selective purinergic receptor antagonist), MRS 2179 (a selective P2Y1 purinergic receptor antagonist), PPADS (P2 purinergic receptor antagonist), alpha,beta-meATP (a selective P2X purinergic receptor agonist) and MRS 2365 (a selective P2Y1 purinergic receptor agonist) injected into the NTS on cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia in conscious rats. Male Holtzman rats (290-310g, n=5-9/group) with stainless steel cannulas implanted into the NTS were used. We recording mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in conscious rats. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (Vt) and ventilation (VE) were recorded by whole-body plethysmography. VE, fR, Vt, MAP and HR were recorded in hypoxia (7% O2 for 35 min). Rats received bilateral injections of suramin (2 nmol/100 nL), MRS 2179 (1 nmol/100 nL), PPADS (2 nmol/100 nL), alpha,beta-meATP (2 nmol/100 nL), MRS 236 (1nmol/100 nL) or saline into the NTS 10 min before starting the hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced MAP (97 ± 3 mmHg, vs. normoxia: 119 ± 4 mmHg, p < 0.05) and increased HR (448 ± 17 bpm, vs. normoxia: 392 ± 18 bpm, p < 0.05) and VE (917 ±46 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. normoxia: 492 ±26 mL.min-1.Kg-1, p < 0.05). Bilateral injections of suramin into the NTS reduced Vt during hypoxia (7.1 ± 0.4 mL.Kg-1, vs. saline: 8.6 ± 0.5 mL.Kg-1, p = 0.046) resulting in a decrease in the hypoxia-induced hyperventilation (843 ± 66 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. saline: 1073 ± 98 mL.min-1.Kg-1, p = 0.05) without changing tachypnea induced by hypoxia (117 ± 3 breaths.min-1, vs. saline: 123 ± 6 breaths.min-1, p > 0.05), MAP (88 ± 5 mmHg, vs. saline: 94 ± 6 mmHg, p > 0.05) and HR (411 ± 19 bpm, vs. saline: 444 ± 20 bpm, p > 0.05). Furthermore, bilateral injections of MRS 2179 into the NTS reduced Vt during hypoxia (6.1 ± 0.5 mL.Kg-1, vs. saline: 7.4 ± 0.4 mL.Kg-1, p = 0.031) and hypoxia-induced hyperventilation (763 ± 77 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. saline: 917 ± mL.min-1.Kg-1, p = 0.043), without changing tachypnea (125 ± 10 breaths.min-1, vs. saline: 124 ± 4 breaths.min-1, p > 0.05), MAP (93 ± 1 mmHg, vs. saline: 97± 3 mmHg, p > 0.05) or HR (420 ± 23 bpm, vs. saline 448 ± 17 bpm, p > 0.05) during hypoxia. Bilateral injections of PPADS, alpha,beta meATP and MRS 2365 into the NTS did not change VE, MAP and HR on hypoxia condition. The present data show that P2 purinergic receptors, especially P2Y1, in the NTS are involved in the respiratory responses induced by hypoxia.
Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) : caracterização morfológica, requerimento nutricional e qualidade sensorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-18)
Lima, Maria Angélica Suedan Souza
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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Sebastiani, Renata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) has pleased the consumer for its sour taste. Considered an unconventional vegetable, their redemption becomes important to allow notable gains from the nutritional, social, cultural, economic and environmental point of view. The objective was to characterize morphologically copies of azedinha obtained from seeds, determine their sensory characteristics and acceptance, as well as analyze some physicochemical parameters, and determine the absorptions of macro and micronutrients and biometric parameters during 60 days after transplanting (DAT). The experiment was conducted at the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, belonging to the Universidade Federal São Carlos - UFSCar in the city of Araras - SP. Biometric parameters were evaluated (length of the leaf, relative leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoots) and the macro and micronutrients absorption march from plants collected at 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50 and 60 DAT. They evaluated the length, width and length / width ratio of leaf blade; petiole length and width close to the blade; diameter of the stump; the shoot length; length of ochreas; shape of the leaf blade; kind of apex; base form; type of veining and type of margin of the leaf blade; type of ochreas; characterization of the stem; length and diameter (neck) of the root. It also determined the levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and chlorophyll parameter. For sensory analysis was used the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). Sensory analysis of acceptance was conducted with 52 judges, in relation to vii appearance, aroma, flavor, texture and overall impression, as well as purchase intent. The biometric parameters increased over time after transplantation and most markedly after the recommended times for harvest (20 and 35 DAT). The maximum levels of macro and micronutrients accumulated in the shoot, in descending order were as follows: K > N > Mg > P and Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. The morphological descriptors with greater discriminatory power for azedinha were the types of margin and venation of the leaf blade, the characterization of the stem, the presence of ochrea and shape of the leaf blade, ranging from sagittate the hastate. It also infers that the best harvest time is between 20 and 35 DAT. The average content of ascorbic acid was 10,25 mg 100g-1 sample, total phenolic 291,46 mg of gallic acid 100 g-1 dry weight and chlorophyll parameter was 36,6 SPAD units. As for the quantitative descriptive analysis, the leaves of azedinha framed up closer to dark green; most have arrow or spear shape; smooth; with sharp aroma of grape skin; more acid flavor, such as green blackberries; there was no residual bitterness; they were folding; wrinkle free; soft to chew and thin. Regarding the acceptability test, the notes to the variable color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were high and most judges would buy this vegetable.
Atividades sobre progressões aritméticas através do reconhecimento de padrões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-19)
Mantovani, Haroldo
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
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The importance of the development of sequences that are arithmetic progressions in the high school was observed in learning situations which the students could investigate and identify patterns in numerical and geometric sequences, building the algebraic language to describe them. This work contributes for the student to build the idea of algebra as language to express irregularities, that is one of the proposed issues by the National Curricular Parameters (PCNs) for the math teaching in the fourth cycle of high school, which contrasts, nowadays, with the scarcity of activities involving observed arithmetic progressions in at least twelve years of experience as a math teacher in these cycles. The elaboration of a teaching product, in the way of activity sheets that, through the recognizing of numerical and geometric patterns, takes the student to the comprehension of the concept of arithmetic progression which could be tested through the application of these activity sheets in two classrooms of the ninth year of high school in a public municipally school. The obtained results of these applications were analyzed and compared to the previous analyzes in raised hypothesis during the elaboration of the activity sheets, using, as investigation methodology, the Didactic Engineering. The students did the activities in groups of two or three, were well motivated and participated as principal character during the application of all steps proposed in the paper, which guaranteed the good development of the activity. In according to the evaluation learning, the students reaching the proposed goals and noting that the produced teaching material works. It is believed that the elaborated material can be useful for other teachers who want to develop, in their classes, arithmetic progressions through the recognizing of patterns, adapting it to the reality of their classrooms. This work contributes hugely to the author, bringing a big professional evolution that starts with the issue choice, continued in the elaboration of the didactic sequence and the application of the activity sheets and finished with the reflection of what have been done and is registered here.
Síntese e caracterização de filmes finos de TiNb sobre o aço AISI 316L para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Cruz, Ernesto David Gonzalez
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in biomedical devices and components. The commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) are the biomaterials most widely used for implants, due to its characteristics regarding corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and commercial production. However, in the case of the Ti64 alloy, aluminum and vanadium present problems associated with cytotoxic effects in tissues and adverse reactions such as Alzheimer's disease and other neuropathies. The β type Ti alloys used in orthopedic devices have excellent properties such as low density, high mechanical strength and outstanding corrosion resistance, besides being biocompatible. The β phase in Ti alloys is obtained by adding alloy elements such as Nb, Ta, Zr and Mo. The coatings in form of thin films made by magnetron sputtering - MS have been successfully employed for the surface treatment of metallic biomaterials for ‘applications in the medical industry, with the advantage that low dimensionality coating does not alter the structural properties of the prosthesis to be implanted, thereby allowing improvement of their surface properties and therefore the use in the human body. A new class of Ti alloys employs niobium as a stabilizer of the β phase. The Ti-Nb binary alloys are promising candidates for biomedical applications. Therefore, an interesting option to adjust the surface feature is the thin film technology. Thus, in this dissertation, nanostructured thin films were produced by sputtering on the surface of stainless steel AISI 316L, with the purpose of analyzing the influence of niobium content on the behavior of the films. The produced films were mechanically, morphologically, crystallographically, chemically and electrochemically characterized, presenting the Ti-β phase for all the concentrations along with good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance for its potential use in the manufacture of medical implantation devices.
Síntese e propriedades de sílicas híbridas contendo surfactantes catiônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Campos, Ana Flavia Pinheiro de
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7465177122348197
The control of pore geometry and pore diameter of silica mesoporous materials is necessary for application of these materials, mainly in industrial process that depends on the shape selectivity. This way, considerable efforts have been devoted to control pore structure of these materials. In this study it has been found the influence of cetyltrialkylammonium and alkyltripropylammonium (CnPr3Br, n = 14-22) surfactants in the formation and properties of mesoporous silicas and subsequently microporous silicas. Regarding the mesoporous silicas synthesized through cetyltrialkylammonium surfactants, it was observed that the silicas pore size increased and the structural ordering decreased as the head group of surfactants increased. In contrast, the increase of lkyltripropylammonium tail resulted in silicas with larger porous diameter and structural ordering. The mesoporous silica with the largest pore diameter (3,60 nm), synthesized with C22Pr3Br surfactant exhibited narrow pore-diameter distribution and a hexagonal organization characteristic of MCM-41 silica. The performance of alkyltripropylammonium surfactant as zeolitic structure directing agents was also investigated. The results showed the formation of a physical mixture between MFI and magadiite structures under different hydrothermal treatment temperatures. Only after addition of tetrapropylammonium cations to reaction mixture containing alkyltripropylammonium cations it was possible to obtain pure MFI structure. However, the presence of alkyltripropylammonium cations had strong influence on the crystals growth and consequently in the form of zeolite crystals obtained.
Trincamento induzido por hidrogênio em aços inoxidáveis supermartensíticos modificados pela ação de boro para aplicação em exploração de petróleo em águas profundas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Bertoldi, Daniel Brito
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Silva, Paulo Sérgio Carvalho Pereira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4783514460488161
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Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
The oil exploitation and production in deep water involves drilling risers with over 7 km deep. In this condition, the environments found in such wells are too adverse, acting under the exploration and production equipment, high pressures, low temperatures, severe conditions of corrosion, wear and enabling environments to hydrogen formation in the presence of H2S. Stainless steels, such as supermartensitic, duplex and super duplex have corrosion resistance and mechanical properties suitable for use in pipes in oil exploitation; however, such materials have low wear resistance. Recent studies in DEMa-UFSCar shown promising results related to supermartensitic stainless steel with boron addition, promoting the borides formation which, in turn, increases the wear resistance of these materials. In this situation, no studies have yet been performed in relation to another critical requirement in this type of request: the hydrogen permeation. It is known that hydrogen in its atomic form, when it diffuses through the steel is deleterious to the mechanical properties. Thus, a more detailed study is needed to assess the influence of this element in such properties, analyzing his performance in microstructural character. The materials produced were characterized by techniques with X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After this stage, tensile specimens were hydrogenated by electrolytic technique and tested with low strain rate. The results were compared with the same material without a prior hydrogenation and showed a major influence of the microstructure in relation to the reduction of the absolute value of some important mechanical properties.
Programa Vamos Cuidar do Brasil com Escolas Sustentáveis : análise de uma experiência na Escola Estadual Antonio Padilha no munícipio de Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Freitas, Maria Estela Maciel
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4535850065796436
Considering that the construction of sustainable social practices are central goals to guide the education of citizens in any learning context the Ministry of Education (MEC) has prepared the Progran “Let’s take care of Brazil” with sustainable schools which provides guidelines for the development of environmental education practices in schools. To participate in this program the school must present an ongoing project, addressing social and environmental issues in which the student is the subject of their learning in order to reach a personal, collective, conscious and critical training. Thus, among the objectives of this research are highlighted as follows: describe and analyze the development of the Program proposed by Ministry of Education (MEC) “Let’s take care of Brazil with sustainable schools / COM –VIDA” in school E.E. Antonio Padilha, located in Sorocaba-SP between the years 2013 and 2014, describe and analyze the practices developed by COM-VIDA and identify practices related to sustainability of those involved in the project. The methodology that leads this research is the study of qualitative case, as the case study focuses on a particular event revealing its peculiarities. For data collection were used different methods such as document analysis, participant observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interview. The Project began timidly in 2013 with the realization of practices that motivated students to participate in the IV National Children and Youth Conference for the Environment and as a result, we have the first group of students who started actions of environmental education at school. In 2014, such actions kept leading the construction of the COM-VIDA, a discussion space on environmental issues, providing carrying out actions to improve the quality of life and sustainability in the school environment. The implementation of the program and the construction of the COM-VIDA, provided to students of elementary school (6º to 9º years) practical experiences in environmental education focused on sustainability. The workshops COM-VIDA, guided in education for sustainability, the students had the opportunity to identify, discuss and propose solutions to local environmental and social problems. Among these activities are the awareness Project “Sustainability without being cliché” about the waste and proper disposal of garbage with the implementation of selective collection in our school, and growing food in the school garden. All activities were designed by the students themselves are the main protagonists in this process. Through these experiences for building theory knowledge about sustainability, it has been built their environmental identities. The move COM-VIDA has made the theme enter therein in the school environment both by students and by the managment staff causing small changes in individual and collective attitudes of the entire school community.
Gameta masculino de mico-leão-de-cara-dourada (Leontopithecus chrysomelas): parâmetros reprodutivos seminais e epigenéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-23)
Watanabe, Isabela Midori
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Valle, Rodrigo Del Rio do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879780464444096
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Peripato, Andréa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0657713343451089
The Golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is an endemic monkey to Atlantic Forest. Nowadays, they are classified as threatened of extinction. Efforts on its conservation cover in situ and ex situ programs, and the application of the biotechnology of reproduction could assist populational manegement, hence ensuring the maintence of genetically healthy populations. Therefore, it is necessary to understand species reproductive characteristics, such as seminal parameters and variables that could influence them, and also the epigenetic mechanisms involved on genomic imprinting - once they are associated with reproductive success, and alterations on its patterns have been correlated with assisted reproduction technics. In the present study we investigated seminal and molecular parameters of golden-headed lion tamarins’ male gametes that are kept in captivity at São Paulo Zoological Foundation. Two main groups were outlined: seniors (mean age of 148.17 months; n=6) and young (mean age=50.14 months; n=6). Considering all animals, we could not find influence of weight on seminal parameters, as oppose to inbreeding coefficient variable, that showed negative correlation with total motility (R= -0.380, p<0.001), progressive motility (R= -0.443, p<0.001) and plasmatic membrane integrity (R= -0.270, p=0.018). Among seminal parameters, we found positive correlations between progressive motility and total motility (R=0.859, p=0.001), progressive motility and acrosome integrity (R=0.631, p=0.041), acrosome integrity and plasmatic membrane integrity (R=0.629, p=0.042). In addition, we found negative correlation between seminal pH and concentration (R= -0.612, p=0.029). There was only significant difference between seminal pH considering seniors and young males (t(9)=2.45, p=0.04), in which the seniors showed more alkaline pH. Molecular parameters investigated on these primates semen involved methylation analysis of two maternal imprinted genes: PEG3 and PEG1/MEST. Based on Callithrix jacchus genome, we inferred genes and its CpG islands to study them in L. chrysomelas. Through bisulfite sequencing, we investigated these regions of PEG3 and PEG1/MEST aiming to analyze putative DMRs. Among sampled animals, we could not find methylation differences on these regions, wherein all samples showed hypermethylated PEG3 region, and hipomethylated PEG1/MEST region. PEG3 CpG island is located in an exon, suggesting it is not involved in an imprinting control region. However, PEG1/MEST CpG island locates at a promoter region, showing hipomethylaton -as expected-, and align with PEG1/MEST promoter in humans, which could indicate a potential DMR. Our results are insipient to draw a conclusion about these imprinted genes in L. chrysomelas, but it was relevant as an initial approach to contribute to populational manegement of golden-headed lion tamarins kept in captivity.