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Participação dos receptores purinérgicos P2 no núcleo do trato solitário sobre as respostas cardiorrespiratórias induzidas por hipóxia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-18)
Marques, Naira
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Paula, Patrícia Maria de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0201361251312074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9275522584355383
Cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia are controlled by brainstem areas including the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). In the present study, we investigated the effects of suramin (a non-selective purinergic receptor antagonist), MRS 2179 (a selective P2Y1 purinergic receptor antagonist), PPADS (P2 purinergic receptor antagonist), alpha,beta-meATP (a selective P2X purinergic receptor agonist) and MRS 2365 (a selective P2Y1 purinergic receptor agonist) injected into the NTS on cardiorespiratory responses to hypoxia in conscious rats. Male Holtzman rats (290-310g, n=5-9/group) with stainless steel cannulas implanted into the NTS were used. We recording mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in conscious rats. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (Vt) and ventilation (VE) were recorded by whole-body plethysmography. VE, fR, Vt, MAP and HR were recorded in hypoxia (7% O2 for 35 min). Rats received bilateral injections of suramin (2 nmol/100 nL), MRS 2179 (1 nmol/100 nL), PPADS (2 nmol/100 nL), alpha,beta-meATP (2 nmol/100 nL), MRS 236 (1nmol/100 nL) or saline into the NTS 10 min before starting the hypoxia. Hypoxia reduced MAP (97 ± 3 mmHg, vs. normoxia: 119 ± 4 mmHg, p < 0.05) and increased HR (448 ± 17 bpm, vs. normoxia: 392 ± 18 bpm, p < 0.05) and VE (917 ±46 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. normoxia: 492 ±26 mL.min-1.Kg-1, p < 0.05). Bilateral injections of suramin into the NTS reduced Vt during hypoxia (7.1 ± 0.4 mL.Kg-1, vs. saline: 8.6 ± 0.5 mL.Kg-1, p = 0.046) resulting in a decrease in the hypoxia-induced hyperventilation (843 ± 66 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. saline: 1073 ± 98 mL.min-1.Kg-1, p = 0.05) without changing tachypnea induced by hypoxia (117 ± 3 breaths.min-1, vs. saline: 123 ± 6 breaths.min-1, p > 0.05), MAP (88 ± 5 mmHg, vs. saline: 94 ± 6 mmHg, p > 0.05) and HR (411 ± 19 bpm, vs. saline: 444 ± 20 bpm, p > 0.05). Furthermore, bilateral injections of MRS 2179 into the NTS reduced Vt during hypoxia (6.1 ± 0.5 mL.Kg-1, vs. saline: 7.4 ± 0.4 mL.Kg-1, p = 0.031) and hypoxia-induced hyperventilation (763 ± 77 mL.min-1.Kg-1, vs. saline: 917 ± mL.min-1.Kg-1, p = 0.043), without changing tachypnea (125 ± 10 breaths.min-1, vs. saline: 124 ± 4 breaths.min-1, p > 0.05), MAP (93 ± 1 mmHg, vs. saline: 97± 3 mmHg, p > 0.05) or HR (420 ± 23 bpm, vs. saline 448 ± 17 bpm, p > 0.05) during hypoxia. Bilateral injections of PPADS, alpha,beta meATP and MRS 2365 into the NTS did not change VE, MAP and HR on hypoxia condition. The present data show that P2 purinergic receptors, especially P2Y1, in the NTS are involved in the respiratory responses induced by hypoxia.
Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) : caracterização morfológica, requerimento nutricional e qualidade sensorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-18)
Lima, Maria Angélica Suedan Souza
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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Sebastiani, Renata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
Azedinha (Rumex acetosa L.) has pleased the consumer for its sour taste. Considered an unconventional vegetable, their redemption becomes important to allow notable gains from the nutritional, social, cultural, economic and environmental point of view. The objective was to characterize morphologically copies of azedinha obtained from seeds, determine their sensory characteristics and acceptance, as well as analyze some physicochemical parameters, and determine the absorptions of macro and micronutrients and biometric parameters during 60 days after transplanting (DAT). The experiment was conducted at the Centro de Ciências Agrárias, belonging to the Universidade Federal São Carlos - UFSCar in the city of Araras - SP. Biometric parameters were evaluated (length of the leaf, relative leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoots) and the macro and micronutrients absorption march from plants collected at 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50 and 60 DAT. They evaluated the length, width and length / width ratio of leaf blade; petiole length and width close to the blade; diameter of the stump; the shoot length; length of ochreas; shape of the leaf blade; kind of apex; base form; type of veining and type of margin of the leaf blade; type of ochreas; characterization of the stem; length and diameter (neck) of the root. It also determined the levels of ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and chlorophyll parameter. For sensory analysis was used the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). Sensory analysis of acceptance was conducted with 52 judges, in relation to vii appearance, aroma, flavor, texture and overall impression, as well as purchase intent. The biometric parameters increased over time after transplantation and most markedly after the recommended times for harvest (20 and 35 DAT). The maximum levels of macro and micronutrients accumulated in the shoot, in descending order were as follows: K > N > Mg > P and Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu. The morphological descriptors with greater discriminatory power for azedinha were the types of margin and venation of the leaf blade, the characterization of the stem, the presence of ochrea and shape of the leaf blade, ranging from sagittate the hastate. It also infers that the best harvest time is between 20 and 35 DAT. The average content of ascorbic acid was 10,25 mg 100g-1 sample, total phenolic 291,46 mg of gallic acid 100 g-1 dry weight and chlorophyll parameter was 36,6 SPAD units. As for the quantitative descriptive analysis, the leaves of azedinha framed up closer to dark green; most have arrow or spear shape; smooth; with sharp aroma of grape skin; more acid flavor, such as green blackberries; there was no residual bitterness; they were folding; wrinkle free; soft to chew and thin. Regarding the acceptability test, the notes to the variable color, flavor, texture and overall acceptability were high and most judges would buy this vegetable.
Atividades sobre progressões aritméticas através do reconhecimento de padrões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-19)
Mantovani, Haroldo
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
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The importance of the development of sequences that are arithmetic progressions in the high school was observed in learning situations which the students could investigate and identify patterns in numerical and geometric sequences, building the algebraic language to describe them. This work contributes for the student to build the idea of algebra as language to express irregularities, that is one of the proposed issues by the National Curricular Parameters (PCNs) for the math teaching in the fourth cycle of high school, which contrasts, nowadays, with the scarcity of activities involving observed arithmetic progressions in at least twelve years of experience as a math teacher in these cycles. The elaboration of a teaching product, in the way of activity sheets that, through the recognizing of numerical and geometric patterns, takes the student to the comprehension of the concept of arithmetic progression which could be tested through the application of these activity sheets in two classrooms of the ninth year of high school in a public municipally school. The obtained results of these applications were analyzed and compared to the previous analyzes in raised hypothesis during the elaboration of the activity sheets, using, as investigation methodology, the Didactic Engineering. The students did the activities in groups of two or three, were well motivated and participated as principal character during the application of all steps proposed in the paper, which guaranteed the good development of the activity. In according to the evaluation learning, the students reaching the proposed goals and noting that the produced teaching material works. It is believed that the elaborated material can be useful for other teachers who want to develop, in their classes, arithmetic progressions through the recognizing of patterns, adapting it to the reality of their classrooms. This work contributes hugely to the author, bringing a big professional evolution that starts with the issue choice, continued in the elaboration of the didactic sequence and the application of the activity sheets and finished with the reflection of what have been done and is registered here.
Síntese e caracterização de filmes finos de TiNb sobre o aço AISI 316L para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Cruz, Ernesto David Gonzalez
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in biomedical devices and components. The commercially pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) are the biomaterials most widely used for implants, due to its characteristics regarding corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and commercial production. However, in the case of the Ti64 alloy, aluminum and vanadium present problems associated with cytotoxic effects in tissues and adverse reactions such as Alzheimer's disease and other neuropathies. The β type Ti alloys used in orthopedic devices have excellent properties such as low density, high mechanical strength and outstanding corrosion resistance, besides being biocompatible. The β phase in Ti alloys is obtained by adding alloy elements such as Nb, Ta, Zr and Mo. The coatings in form of thin films made by magnetron sputtering - MS have been successfully employed for the surface treatment of metallic biomaterials for ‘applications in the medical industry, with the advantage that low dimensionality coating does not alter the structural properties of the prosthesis to be implanted, thereby allowing improvement of their surface properties and therefore the use in the human body. A new class of Ti alloys employs niobium as a stabilizer of the β phase. The Ti-Nb binary alloys are promising candidates for biomedical applications. Therefore, an interesting option to adjust the surface feature is the thin film technology. Thus, in this dissertation, nanostructured thin films were produced by sputtering on the surface of stainless steel AISI 316L, with the purpose of analyzing the influence of niobium content on the behavior of the films. The produced films were mechanically, morphologically, crystallographically, chemically and electrochemically characterized, presenting the Ti-β phase for all the concentrations along with good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance for its potential use in the manufacture of medical implantation devices.
Síntese e propriedades de sílicas híbridas contendo surfactantes catiônicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Campos, Ana Flavia Pinheiro de
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7465177122348197
The control of pore geometry and pore diameter of silica mesoporous materials is necessary for application of these materials, mainly in industrial process that depends on the shape selectivity. This way, considerable efforts have been devoted to control pore structure of these materials. In this study it has been found the influence of cetyltrialkylammonium and alkyltripropylammonium (CnPr3Br, n = 14-22) surfactants in the formation and properties of mesoporous silicas and subsequently microporous silicas. Regarding the mesoporous silicas synthesized through cetyltrialkylammonium surfactants, it was observed that the silicas pore size increased and the structural ordering decreased as the head group of surfactants increased. In contrast, the increase of lkyltripropylammonium tail resulted in silicas with larger porous diameter and structural ordering. The mesoporous silica with the largest pore diameter (3,60 nm), synthesized with C22Pr3Br surfactant exhibited narrow pore-diameter distribution and a hexagonal organization characteristic of MCM-41 silica. The performance of alkyltripropylammonium surfactant as zeolitic structure directing agents was also investigated. The results showed the formation of a physical mixture between MFI and magadiite structures under different hydrothermal treatment temperatures. Only after addition of tetrapropylammonium cations to reaction mixture containing alkyltripropylammonium cations it was possible to obtain pure MFI structure. However, the presence of alkyltripropylammonium cations had strong influence on the crystals growth and consequently in the form of zeolite crystals obtained.
Trincamento induzido por hidrogênio em aços inoxidáveis supermartensíticos modificados pela ação de boro para aplicação em exploração de petróleo em águas profundas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Bertoldi, Daniel Brito
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Silva, Paulo Sérgio Carvalho Pereira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4783514460488161
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Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
The oil exploitation and production in deep water involves drilling risers with over 7 km deep. In this condition, the environments found in such wells are too adverse, acting under the exploration and production equipment, high pressures, low temperatures, severe conditions of corrosion, wear and enabling environments to hydrogen formation in the presence of H2S. Stainless steels, such as supermartensitic, duplex and super duplex have corrosion resistance and mechanical properties suitable for use in pipes in oil exploitation; however, such materials have low wear resistance. Recent studies in DEMa-UFSCar shown promising results related to supermartensitic stainless steel with boron addition, promoting the borides formation which, in turn, increases the wear resistance of these materials. In this situation, no studies have yet been performed in relation to another critical requirement in this type of request: the hydrogen permeation. It is known that hydrogen in its atomic form, when it diffuses through the steel is deleterious to the mechanical properties. Thus, a more detailed study is needed to assess the influence of this element in such properties, analyzing his performance in microstructural character. The materials produced were characterized by techniques with X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After this stage, tensile specimens were hydrogenated by electrolytic technique and tested with low strain rate. The results were compared with the same material without a prior hydrogenation and showed a major influence of the microstructure in relation to the reduction of the absolute value of some important mechanical properties.
Programa Vamos Cuidar do Brasil com Escolas Sustentáveis : análise de uma experiência na Escola Estadual Antonio Padilha no munícipio de Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-21)
Freitas, Maria Estela Maciel
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4535850065796436
Considering that the construction of sustainable social practices are central goals to guide the education of citizens in any learning context the Ministry of Education (MEC) has prepared the Progran “Let’s take care of Brazil” with sustainable schools which provides guidelines for the development of environmental education practices in schools. To participate in this program the school must present an ongoing project, addressing social and environmental issues in which the student is the subject of their learning in order to reach a personal, collective, conscious and critical training. Thus, among the objectives of this research are highlighted as follows: describe and analyze the development of the Program proposed by Ministry of Education (MEC) “Let’s take care of Brazil with sustainable schools / COM –VIDA” in school E.E. Antonio Padilha, located in Sorocaba-SP between the years 2013 and 2014, describe and analyze the practices developed by COM-VIDA and identify practices related to sustainability of those involved in the project. The methodology that leads this research is the study of qualitative case, as the case study focuses on a particular event revealing its peculiarities. For data collection were used different methods such as document analysis, participant observation, questionnaires and semi-structured interview. The Project began timidly in 2013 with the realization of practices that motivated students to participate in the IV National Children and Youth Conference for the Environment and as a result, we have the first group of students who started actions of environmental education at school. In 2014, such actions kept leading the construction of the COM-VIDA, a discussion space on environmental issues, providing carrying out actions to improve the quality of life and sustainability in the school environment. The implementation of the program and the construction of the COM-VIDA, provided to students of elementary school (6º to 9º years) practical experiences in environmental education focused on sustainability. The workshops COM-VIDA, guided in education for sustainability, the students had the opportunity to identify, discuss and propose solutions to local environmental and social problems. Among these activities are the awareness Project “Sustainability without being cliché” about the waste and proper disposal of garbage with the implementation of selective collection in our school, and growing food in the school garden. All activities were designed by the students themselves are the main protagonists in this process. Through these experiences for building theory knowledge about sustainability, it has been built their environmental identities. The move COM-VIDA has made the theme enter therein in the school environment both by students and by the managment staff causing small changes in individual and collective attitudes of the entire school community.
Gameta masculino de mico-leão-de-cara-dourada (Leontopithecus chrysomelas): parâmetros reprodutivos seminais e epigenéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-23)
Watanabe, Isabela Midori
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Valle, Rodrigo Del Rio do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879780464444096
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Peripato, Andréa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0657713343451089
The Golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is an endemic monkey to Atlantic Forest. Nowadays, they are classified as threatened of extinction. Efforts on its conservation cover in situ and ex situ programs, and the application of the biotechnology of reproduction could assist populational manegement, hence ensuring the maintence of genetically healthy populations. Therefore, it is necessary to understand species reproductive characteristics, such as seminal parameters and variables that could influence them, and also the epigenetic mechanisms involved on genomic imprinting - once they are associated with reproductive success, and alterations on its patterns have been correlated with assisted reproduction technics. In the present study we investigated seminal and molecular parameters of golden-headed lion tamarins’ male gametes that are kept in captivity at São Paulo Zoological Foundation. Two main groups were outlined: seniors (mean age of 148.17 months; n=6) and young (mean age=50.14 months; n=6). Considering all animals, we could not find influence of weight on seminal parameters, as oppose to inbreeding coefficient variable, that showed negative correlation with total motility (R= -0.380, p<0.001), progressive motility (R= -0.443, p<0.001) and plasmatic membrane integrity (R= -0.270, p=0.018). Among seminal parameters, we found positive correlations between progressive motility and total motility (R=0.859, p=0.001), progressive motility and acrosome integrity (R=0.631, p=0.041), acrosome integrity and plasmatic membrane integrity (R=0.629, p=0.042). In addition, we found negative correlation between seminal pH and concentration (R= -0.612, p=0.029). There was only significant difference between seminal pH considering seniors and young males (t(9)=2.45, p=0.04), in which the seniors showed more alkaline pH. Molecular parameters investigated on these primates semen involved methylation analysis of two maternal imprinted genes: PEG3 and PEG1/MEST. Based on Callithrix jacchus genome, we inferred genes and its CpG islands to study them in L. chrysomelas. Through bisulfite sequencing, we investigated these regions of PEG3 and PEG1/MEST aiming to analyze putative DMRs. Among sampled animals, we could not find methylation differences on these regions, wherein all samples showed hypermethylated PEG3 region, and hipomethylated PEG1/MEST region. PEG3 CpG island is located in an exon, suggesting it is not involved in an imprinting control region. However, PEG1/MEST CpG island locates at a promoter region, showing hipomethylaton -as expected-, and align with PEG1/MEST promoter in humans, which could indicate a potential DMR. Our results are insipient to draw a conclusion about these imprinted genes in L. chrysomelas, but it was relevant as an initial approach to contribute to populational manegement of golden-headed lion tamarins kept in captivity.
O autorrelato de crianças expostas a contingências de competição e cooperação em atividades computadorizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-23)
Oliveira, Marlon Alexandre de
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6854732327669497
The present research investigated whether contingencies of competition and/or cooperation, that could be set up on two distinct tasks (music and computer game) would affect the levels of accurate and non-accurate reports by typical children about their performances during those tasks. “Do” consisted in requiring children to play a computerized game or naming musical melodies while “say” consisted in reporting if the trial terminated with a hit or with a miss. Twelve typical children with ages ranging from seven to 11 years old were assigned to two groups with three kids for Experiment 1. Experiments 2 and 3 comprised one group with three children each. During baseline sessions from all the experiments points were presented contingent upon performances on both tasks. After the baseline, the competition contingency was on for Experiments 1 and 3 while cooperation contingency was on for Experiment 2 for its related task (music or game). Baseline contingency was still on for the other task. After some sessions the competition or cooperation contingency was set up to the other task too, thus an inter-task multiple baseline was achieved. On Experiment 3, cooperation contingency was set up for both tasks simultaneously. The points earned for correct responding on the competition contingency was exchanged by tokens that could be exchanged by gifts at the end of the session in depending of the child’s place on a rank (first place, second place and third place). The child that obtained the first place was given the chance to exchange tokens for the most preferred among the other reinforcers that were available. Children that obtained the second and third places were given chance to exchange tokes for the less preferred reinforcers only. On the other hand, the cooperation contingency specified that tokens could be exchanged by the most preferred reinforcers only if children consented in putting their tokens together. For four out of six participants the say-do correspondence decreased when the competition contingency was set up (Experiment 1). But, when cooperation contingency was set up on Experiment 2, the say-do correspondence increased for three children. It is important to notice that the increase on the levels of correspondence was observed only when cooperation contingency was set up for both tasks and not when this contingency was set up for only one task, while the other was under the same contingency as for baseline condition. Performances on the tasks and the levels of say-do correspondence were disturbed by the competition contingency during Experiment 3. This means that levels of say-do correspondence was altered while the accuracy on both tasks decreased. And the onset of the cooperation contingency resulted in increase of say-do correspondence for only one participant (music). It seems fair to assume that shifting a competition to a cooperation contingency can affect the performances on the tasks. But because of the variability on the data obtained on Experiment 2, it not possible to infer to which extent the disturbance in say-do correspondence can be attributed to shifts on contingencies or to the deterioration on task performances. In general, data from all experiments strongly suggests that the levels of say-do correspondence tend to be different when these behavior are measured under competition or cooperation contingencies. Future studies should verify the measurability of say-do correspondence in different experimental designs that could permit a more stringent experimental control over critical variables.
Análise proteômica e morfológica em fígado de ratos submetidos à exposição ao chumbo e suplementados com ferro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-24)
Fernandes, Mileni da Silva
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Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461505420218183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1887340409738585
Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal widely distributed in the environment, but it does not have any physiological role in the body. Due to its widespread use in the industry, it provides direct contamination of occupationally exposed people and, indirectly, through pollutants for the general. Thus, Pb contamination has become a public health problem. Studies have linked adverse health effects at low levels of Pb in the blood, even at concentrations below 10μg/dL. The effects range from cognitive impairment in children and peripheral neuropathy in adults, but there is little knowledge about its effects in the liver. It has been reported that iron (Fe) has a protective effect that can help in reducing the absorption of Pb in the body. In this sense, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protein profile and morphology in the liver of rats intoxicated by lead acetate (Pb(C2H3O2)2) submitted simultaneously to supplementation with iron sulfate (FeSO4) at 20 mg/Kg body weight. For this, 36 weanling male rats were divided into 6 groups (n=6) and treated for 6 weeks. The control group received deionized water; the first experimental group received deionized water and a solution of FeSO4 every two days; two experimental groups received 100 mg/L Pb(C2H3O2)2 in the drinking water and one of them was supplemented with FeSO4 every two days; two groups received 400 mg/L Pb(C2H3O2)2 in the drinking water, and one of them was supplemented with FeSO4 every two days. After euthanasia, blood samples and liver were collected for the analysis of Pb concentration by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Also, liver samples were collected for proteomic analysis using two-dimensional electrophoresis associated with MS (2D-PAGE-MS) and histomorphological analysis. The concentration of Pb in the blood and liver showed a dose-response effect with a reduction in 40-50% Pb in the groups supplemented with Fe (not significant). Histomorphological changes were observed in all intoxicated groups. Proteomic analysis identified 247 proteins with altered expression in relation to the control group. It was observed a decrease in antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The reduction of these enzymes leads to an increase of free radicals in the liver tissue and consequently to an in increase the levels of lipid peroxidation. The peroxidation affects the secretion of lipoproteins, mainly their release from the Golgi complex, which may have contributed to the changes observed in other proteins. The presence of Pb in some spots was confirmed by atomic absorption analysis, and this may have resulted in conformational changes that activate the protein degradation machinery. Based on the results, the present study highlights the deleterious role of Pb in the liver even at low dosage, and although Fe was associated with a reduced absorption of Pb, the results suggest that it should not be used as a prevention strategy to reduce the intoxication by Pb, since itself led to changes in the pattern of protein expression.
Discurso político, derrisão e heterogeneidade dissimulada na mídia contemporânea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-25)
Araújo, Lígia Mara Boin Menossi de
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893136450669304
Cette thèse vise examiner la construction du discours politique dérisoire de quelques vidéos des politiques brésiliens dans le site YouTube, par moyen de l’Analyse du Discours franco-brésilienne. Pour ce faire nous avons choisi comme corpus des vidéo-montages dont les cibles de la dérision ont étés les politiques brésiliens Luiz Ignácio Lula da Silva et Dilma Roussef en tant que candidats aux élections présidentielles de 2006 et 2010, respectivement. Notre but a été de comprendre le pourquoi de la dérision portée sur eux. Cette dérision est partie évidemment des opposants des politiques cités : pour la transmettre, ils ont utilisé YouTube. Pour développer la recherche, nous avons puisé dans la notion d’hétérogénéité énonciative de Jacqueline Authier-Revuz (1990, 1998, 2004), qui est étudiée dans le Programme de Recherche en Analyse du Discours de l’UFSCar/Brésil, depuis sa parution, à la fin des années 70. Le concept en question s’est revèlé un outil de grande valeur pour notre recherche. Nous l’avons pris comme point de départ afin d’entamer une réflexion entre le discours e ses Autres constitutifs qui agissent dans le champs de l’humour politique. La notion d’hétérogénéité constitutive montrée et marquée (formulation dérivée de l’hétérogénéité énonciative) se prête bien aux recherches centrées sur des corpora politiques sérieux – par exemple, ceux qui sont véhiculés par des documents écrits, tels que la presse, les livres et les hebdomadaires. Mais, en ce qui concerne les corpora politiques non-sérieux divulgués par des sites à l’accès facile comme celui d’YouTube, site qui permet la réalisation des vidéo-montages, la notion première d’hétérogénéité de J.Authier-Revuz mérite d’être reconfigurée. Dans les cas où il est question de la présence d’un autre satirique, moqueur, qui s’insère dans le fil du discours du « je » parlant, nous voyons les aspects railleurs de ce type de discours dissimulés dans un interdiscours. Ainsi, pour étudier ou faire une réflexion sur la dérision des hommes et des femmes politiques, par moyens des vidéos-montages véhiculées par des sites comme YouTube, il faut qu’on songe à élargir la notion d’hétérogénéité et, surtout, à la considérer comme hétérogénéité dissimulée (BARONAS, 2005). Ainsi, nous avons analysé notre objet d’étude en entremêlant la description et l’interprétation, soit: nous avons réalisé une description détaillée de la matérialité linguistique, imagétique et sonore des textes sélectionnés et, en même temps, nous avons étudié la façon par laquelle ces matérialités conçoivent et interprètent les événements politiques qui circulent dans le site YouTube. Cela a été notre objet de recherche. Finalement nous avons pu vérifier la présence de l’hétérogénéité et son action dans le fil du discours dérisoire quand il avait des attaques qui rehaussaient la soi-disant incompétence ou l’alcoolisme de Lula ou l'inaptitude et la dépendance de Dilma par rapport à Lula. Ces discours ont été attestés par le moyen du discours Autre et ont été légitimés dans le lieu d’un hors- discours, d’un interdiscours articulé à d’autres sémioses – comme l’image et la bande sonore des vidéos-montages- et là ils se sont présentés de façon dissimulée.
Permeabilidade de filmes plásticos com nanopartículas de prata utilizados na armazenagem de morangos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-25)
Carmelo, Luis Gustavo Paulino
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Corrêa, Daniel Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948
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Ferreira, Marcos David
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6652079760634274
Due to the high postharvest losses of fruit and vegetable, the development of new technologies, aiming to reduce losses and maintain quality has greatly increased. Improved packaging can bring great benefits to the whole production chain, including enhancing shelf life, ensuring quality, and increasing product sale potential. It is important to know each packaging material properties, such as the barrier properties. Moreover, recognizing and evaluating the potential use of new technologies, such as adding metallic nanoparticles to the materials used in packaging production, can improve their properties and contribute to reduce the high postharvest losses. This research aimed to develop a simple and effective method for evaluating permeability of plastic films containing silver nanoparticles used for food storage, as well as to evaluate their permeability in regular storage conditions. To determine the permeability of plastic films, permeation chambers were designed and constructed. Those chambers allow both the gas exchange through a plastic film and permeability measurements for each specific film. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films, with and without silver nanoparticle (NpAg) addition, were evaluated. The as-prepared permeation chambers were also used to evaluate the plastic film permeability during storage of strawberries. The results evidence that the permeation chambers as well as the developed method for measuring the permeability are efficient and convenient. Such chambers can also be used for many types of polymeric films. Likewise, the developed method for evaluating the permeability in storage conditions of fruits and vegetables is effective; thus, it can assist for planning modified atmosphere packaging applied to different produces. The difference found in permeability values of the tested films under storage conditions was up to 50% when compared to the values obtained under experimental conditions. However, there were no significant permeability differences in films with NpAg when compared to films without that additive.
Rede de transgênicos e combate à fome no Brasil : um estudo de caso sobre a rede RENORBIO
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-27)
Sobral, Vivianne Caroline Santos
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Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5882842888759363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0209133621640634
Assuming that the use of (GMOs) in agriculture is controversial, this paper discusses one of the strongest reasons in favor of such technology: as a mean to combat hunger. To assess this joint between transgenesis and combat hunger, the RENORBIO’s researchers network (“Rede de Biotecnologia do Nordeste” - Biotechnology Network in the Northeast) has been selected to this study for stating “the use of bioscience advances to reduce hunger "as one of its interests. The present work presents a sociological point of view on the advancement of technology in agriculture, seeking to understand the progression of GM farming in crops from some reading about modern techniques. Then the question of risk and how it is produced nowadays is discussed, and, after that, the Agroecology is presented as an alternative to transgenic agricultural management. Only then, the fight against hunger is questioned, as something controversial, whose solution options depend on different worldviews. Finally, are presented some major explanations of RENORBIO, its allies, its articulations and their researches on transgenesis.
Os documentários musicais brasileiros : uma análise do filme Nelson Freire
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-28)
Amaral, Guilherme Gustav Stolzel
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Miranda, Suzana Reck
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2459914319882874
This dissertation aims to analyze the documentary Nelson Freire seeking to explore the main aspects that distinguish this work from most of the musical documentaries made in Brazil between the years of 2000 and 2013. The peculiarities of Nelson Freire were detected and problematized establishing a dialogue between the film and three of the major trends that integrate the contemporary Brazilian scene of documentaries about music: the trend of record of intimacy and the everyday life, the trend of musical performance, and the biographical trend.
Synthesis of new cocrystal solid form of fluconazole-fumaric acid
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-29)
Owoyemi, Bolaji Charles Dayo
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Carneiro, Renato Lajarim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8065852319463976
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2811381246113757
Pharmaceutical cocrystals are multicomponent crystalline solids comprised of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and one or more co-formers interacting through hydrogen bonding or other weak interactions like the π-stack and van der Waals interactions. Fluconazole (FLZ) is a triazole antifungal drug used in the treatment and prevention of superficial and systemic fungal infections. It is also used to prevent and treat meningitis. Cocrystallization is an alternative approach for enhancement of drug. It can be performed using neat grinding, solvent assisted grinding, solvent evaporation, cooling evaporation and slurry cocrystallization. In this work, a new cocrystal Fluconazol-Fumaric acid monohydrate was synthesized via 1:1 stoichiometric amount of FLZ and FUM at different conditions. The characterization of the synthesized cocrystals was achieved using Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results obtained for the characterization of the samples showed some obvious differences among the spectra, diffractograms and thermograms. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the new structure shows a cocrystal where the fluconazole molecules are attached to the fumaric acid and water molecules respectively through hydrogen bonds, gave unique cell dimensions for an assumed structure C17H18F2N6O6 with a space group of P21/n, a = 17.053(3) Å, b = 5.5995(10), c=21.154(3), α = 90°, β=105.418(4)°, γ= 90°, V = 1947.3(6) Å3. This work is the first to report a monohydrate cocrystal structure of fluconazole and fumaric acid.
Psicanálise Existencial, Existencialismo e História : a dimensão sócio-material e a autenticidade no processo da construção de si
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-29)
Moura, Carlos Eduardo de
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919710226746652
Toute existence implique deux structures déterminantes dans un processus subjectif: la temporalité et l'historicité. Le "temps humain" est connu historiquement et, par conséquent, il est nécessaire d'investir dans les potentialités de la subjectivité sans négliger l'individu sous le «poids» de l'histoire. La psychanalyse existentielle, l'existentialisme sartrien et le concept de l'histoire – couvrant les aventures philosophiques de Sartre dans L'être et le néant (EN), dans les Cahiers pour une morale (CM), dans les Questions de méthode (QM) et dans le L'idiote de la famille (IF) – permettra d'établir les chemins nécessaires pour comprendre une singularité concrète dans la perspective de la relation universelle-singulier: ce est la relation entre l'individu et la société comme l'expérience de la sociabilité. Ce sujet sera perçu comme un universel singularisé, universel concrétisé (incorporé) dans une singularité concrète, auto-constituée et constitué par la réalité de leur environnement. Comprendre la subjectivité est comprendre le processus de personnalisation, identifiant subjectivité et liberté pour que l'individu ne soit jamais une chose, mais une liberté donnée pour le prisme de l'action. Je ne penserai pas ici le sujet comme « entité subjective » (substance pensante), mais considérerai l'homme sur la perspective d'un processus de subjectivation, d’une liberté existant en acte (libre) visant un but qu’il désire réaliser (concrètement, dans le monde ). 5 Le " processus de personnalisation" est acte libre – il n'y a pas comme le sujet ne parviennent pas à agir – la personalization est mouvement (tension, action) et engagement avant des situations objectives. C’est dans ce sens que le sujet sera demandé de prendre une position avant des «résistances» que le monde offre à sa liberté. Le monde, étant «celui par lequel le choix de la liberté devient, pour la liberté, destin », existera comme un en-soi, mais en relation avec le pour-soi, acquérant de sens, signification et valeur. Il sera le sujet dans la présence des faits – par la médiation des représentations de ces faits – sans qu'il devient inessentiel devant eux: l'homme est l'être dont l'apparition fait qu’un monde existe et même l'imitation intérieure de l'extériorité, même l’aliénation , ils suposse la liberté. Le pour-soi, être dans le monde et désir d'être, el cherchera à instaurer en soi-même une « immobilité » ("stabilité", "inertie", "identité", "ἕξισ"), c’est-à-dire une particularité (singularité concrète) impliquant la complexité de l’universel et se devinant, devant elle, inerte: l'individu sera la synthèse vivante de l'universel qui, à son tour, le «déterminera» (projet inauthentique, mauvaise-foi). Dans ce contexte, parler de l'intériorisation et de l'extériorisation, nous allons trouver un problème: l’extériorisation se donnera par une praxis systématisé (institutionnalisé – système normatif –, structurée socialement, politiquement et économiquement). Ainsi, la psychanalyse existentielle (comme un moyen, discipline auxiliaire, instrument), l'existentialisme sartrien et l'Histoire iront construire l'image d'un sujet qui s’efforcera de se saisir à soi-même au-delà de l’ἕξις, ou plutôt à construire l'image d’un sujet (autonome et authentique) qui sera compris dans le mouvement dialectique entre les deux pôles indissociables: la liberté et la détermination. Cette relation dialectique entre le passé et la constitution de l'avenir traduira le caractère dialectique de la situation dans la relation fondamentale entre êtres humains qui se realisent dialectiquement dans le monde de la matière humanisée. Il sera, enfin, la psychanalyse existentielle qui encouragera le sujet a passer de l’ἕξις à la praxis et de penser sa singularité concrète comme «essentiel» et ne fait pas disparaître ce vécu réel quand il connaître ou percevoir (perpétuellement) son soi: la matérialité du monde et l'Histoire ne pourront pas anéantir les vécus. De cette manière, nous ne désirons pas, au moins, de préparer une société fondée sur la auto-domestication de l'homme, mais sur sa souveraineté.
PNAIC: uma análise crítica das concepções de alfabetização presentes nos cadernos de formação docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-29)
Melo, Eliane Pimentel Camillo Barra Nova de
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Marques, Sílvio César Moral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3191623017362668
This study aims to reveal the submerged ideologies in the discourse of teacher education notebooks of 1st year of Primary Education of the National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age (PNAIC) in order to understand what is their conception of literacy, its didactic-pedagogical proposal and its concept of formation of literacy teachers. It is characterized as a qualitative research, in which was used a PNAIC notebooks’ documental analysis intended for the formation of teachers of 1st year. Through a critical reading based on the socio-historical perspective, it can unveil that the PNAIC sought to spread the perspective of literacy, which made in an obscure and confused way, endorsing different theoretical perspectives such as constructivism and sociohistorical, indistinctly, the only clearness observed was the dismissal of the literacy process of its social, political and ideological aspects, limiting it to the simple technique of reading and writing, linked to the phonic method. The didactic-pedagogical proposals restricted itself to the use of social circulation texts dissected into its smallest parts, syllables and letters, in order to develop the phonological awareness. The intended teacher formation by the PNAIC aims the technical improvement, that is, its intention is to form a performer professor of governmental determinations, technically efficient and politically harmless who knows and uses according to superior prescriptions the materials available by MEC, as well as take the responsibility for achieving educational indexes imposed by external evaluations that were amplified, reaching the children of the literacy cycle.
A matemática das Philosophische Bemerkungen: Wittgenstein no contexto da Grundlagenkrise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-29)
Nakano, Anderson Luis
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Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5835664361839261
This thesis provides a reading and interpretation of Wittgenstein’s writings on mathematics at the beginning of his “middle period” (more precisely, at the “mathematical chapters” of Philosophische Bemerkungen), placing these writings in the context of two crises. The first, internal to his thought, consists of inconsistencies regarding what the Tractatus prescribed as the result of the application of logic and the effective logical analysis of certain domains of reality, which characterized, in Wittgenstein’s view, a crisis in the foundations of logic. On the other hand, controversies about the foundations of mathematics were intensified throughout the 1920s, and debates between three schools who attempted to impose their way not only of conceiving mathematics, but also of doing it, became increasingly frequent. This crisis, also called Grundlagenkrise der Mathematik, is an important historical and conceptual background for these early writings immediately after Wittgenstein’s return to philosophy in 1929. If in the Tractatus Wittgenstein had positioned himself only with regard to Frege’s and Russell’s logicism, in these writtings he tries in his own way to contrast his thought with the prevailing trends of his time: the intuicionism of Brouwer and Weyl, Hilbert’s formalism and, finally, Ramsey’s renewed logicism. This thesis develops, in its concluding Chapter, a reflection on Wittgenstein’s posture with respect to these three classical schools and with respect to the problems faced by them.
Uma análise comportamental da inteligência : possibilidades de intervenção e diálogos com a psicometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30)
Rabelo, Laura Zamot
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Roche, Bryan
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8073723161368032
Psychometrics began with the investigation of individual differences in the 19th century. Initially, the differences were attributed to sensory acuity; however, soon they were replaced by the mental faculties. Since then, many theories, models and different types of assessment were proposed to enable a better understanding of what is called intelligence. Currently, the Cattell-Horn-Carroll intelligence model is the most widely used and includes the contributions from different theorists in the area. Behaviour Analysts did not consider intelligence an object of study because they regarded it as a mentalistic entity. Additionally, behaviour analysts criticised many crucial elements of Psychometrics such as the use of tests to assess intelligence and statistical criteria to establish behavioural criteria. However, when Stimulus Equivalence Theory and Relational Frame Theory emerged, it became possible to interpret and study language, complex behaviour and cognitive processes as stimulus relations. As correlations between relational tasks performances and the IQ were provided by different tests, Cassidy, Roche e Hayes (2011) investigated whether a relational training could enhance intellectual functioning. These authors found significant improvements in IQ in 12 year-olds following a relational training involving sameness, opposition and comparison relations. The present study replicated Cassidy et al. (2011) with 11 participants ranging from 6 to 9 years, adapting the procedure accordingly to their needs. Only one child was able to finish the training, almost one and a half years after started training. Most children improved their IQ scores; nevertheless, improvements shown by the participants from the experimental condition were equivalent to the ones presented by children from the control condition. The procedure was too complex for younger participants. Future studies should assess and train prerequisite repertoires for relational training, as well as promote alterations in the training structure. Correlation analyses between relational task performance and the intelligence assessment scores were run and results corroborated the literature. The number of sessions and stimulus sets of the contextual cue training were correlated with verbal measures from WISC-III, showing a relationship between relational repertoires and language. A preliminary behavioural interpretation of intellectual abilities described in the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model was proposed, which should be seen as first steps toward planning new relational training protocols which might contain critical features to improve cognitive functioning. Despite their relevance, terminological, theoretical and philosophical differences between Psychometrics and Behaviour Analysis were not in the centre of our analysis. The main objective was to promote a dialogue between both areas. The interchange between them may help in the planning of effective interventions, which is the ultimate goal for both of them.
Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida : a gestão local na implantação das “habitações de interesse social”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-09-30)
Salvadeo, André Ricardo Arão
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0321751809234607
After a brief presentation about landmarks of housing in Brazil, this paper discusses the problems involving the design and implantation of PMCMV since the beginning of its implementation in 2009. At that time, in face of global crisis which was ranging, it was decided to launch the program before its complete enhancement, which may explain, in part, some of its shortcomings, particularly those which relate to aspects of their local management, in the context of municipalities. From a general presentation on the local management process operation (or implementation) of PMCMV, the focus is on the Gross Income I of the Program. From this, a question is raised: how were local actors organized and how did they put into practice the implementation of what had been designed at the Federal level? Aiming to answer this question, a case-study methodology was used, adopting as data collection exploratory interviews. The enterprises located in Bauru, in the Midwest of the state of Sao Paulo, were defined as samples of this study, limiting the interviews of representatives of the Executive and Legislative Power and employees connected to one of the Financial Authorities responsible for financing the PMCMV.