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Efeitos da exposição à nanopartícula de dióxido de titânio em diferentes pH do meio aquático em brânquias de curimbatá (Prochilodus lineatus, Teleostei, Prochilodontidae) : aspectos bioquímicos, fisiológicos e morfofuncionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-08)
Souza, Naiara Elisabete da Silva de
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8393504919205783
The titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NP-TiO2) has achieved into aquatic ecosystems through different sources, such as sewer and leaching. Abiotic factors such as pH, ionic strength, water hardness may change the chemical aggregation of NPs as well as the bioavailability of metals in waters result of speciation and /or complexation with other compounds. Considering the pH variations can occur in the environment naturally or as a result of ecological accidents and the increasing use of NP-TiO2 in many different industries, this study aimed to determine the CL-50; 48 hours of NPTiO2 in different pH (acidic, neutral and basic) in juvenile Prochilodus lineatus (curimbatá) and evaluating the effects of exposure to sublethal NP-TiO2 these pH using biochemical, physiological and morphological biomarkers. After sensitivity test with KCl, the animals were tested with different concentrations of NP-TiO2 at pH 5.0, 7.0 and 8.0 for 48 hours to determine the CL-50; 48h. Subsequently, the animals were exposed to 1 mg L-1 NP-TiO2 for 48 hours at different pH. After the exposure period, blood samples were obtained via caudal puncture for ion plasma analysis and hematologic variables, and samples of gills were collected and fixed. The analytical characterization of NP-TiO2 suggest the aggregation ability are modified of the NP at different pH and at pH 5.0, the hydrodynamic diameter of the NP is much larger then the others pH, which may have create difficults for the entry of NP in organisms and caused less damage. The NP-TiO2 were considered non-toxic in pH 5,0, 7,0 and 8,0. Exposure to NP-TiO2 pH 5.0 and ionic imbalance caused in the exposed animals, possibly due to changes in the concentration of Cl- ions. Exposure to pH 5.0 and 8.0 and NP-TiO2 at pH 7.0 inhibited AC enzyme. In animals exposed to NP at pH 5.0 were not identified cloride cells with crypt surface, possibly due the blocking of these surfaces by the large NP aggregates. Changes in concentrations of ROS and SOD, CAT and GCL activity may indicate an imbalance in antioxidant system due to different pH and NPTiO2 exposure. NP exposure caused major damage at pH 7.0, where have lower hydrodynamic diameter , supporting the hypothesis that the smaller the size of the cluster,it’s easier the NP enter the body of the exposed animals.
Avaliação do papel de peroxirredoxina 2 na modulação da expressão de outras enzimas antioxidantes em células eritrocitárias K562
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-14)
Paula, Carla Peres de
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Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
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Oliveira, Marcos Antonio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2366751838985119
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are products naturally generated by the cell metabolism and at low levels play an important physiological role in intracellular regulation, whereas in excess can cause damage to cells. To combat this damage, cells present a complex defense mechanism including different enzymes which act as antioxidants. Among these enzymes, and especially in cells such as erythrocytes, which are exposed to high levels of molecular oxygen, the Peroxiredoxins (Prxs), stand out for the abundance and great reactivity with its substrates. In this cell type, when occurs hemolytic diseases such as sickle cell anemia and beta thalassemia, increased production of ROS and consequently oxidative damage are observed, greatly aggravating the clinical picture of patients affected by these diseases. In these diseases, the PRDX2 appears to be a major line of antioxidant defense, as it is the third most present protein in the cytosol of the erythrocyte. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the role of PRDX2 in differentiated K562 cells for the expression of erythroid characteristics, through gene silencing using shRNA_PRDX2. It was possible to obtain a 70% of the PRDX2 expression inhibition, which caused a decrease in the proliferation, cell viability and interaction, showing the importance of PRDX2 in oxidative protection on this cell type. In order to evaluate the modulation of antioxidant system in these cells, we also analyzed the pattern of gene and protein expression of all other PRDXs beyond the gene expression of other antioxidant enzymes during the process of differentiation. We found that inhibition of PRDX2 expression adversely affects the expression of PRDX5 and causes increased expression of their biological reducing agents, which increase the recycling PRDX2, compensating for their lack the cell. These data are not get described in the literature and additional analysis is needed to better understand this interaction beyond the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of related enzymes in protection against ROS. Understanding these mechanisms seems important to work with a better insight of the pathophysiology of hemolytic diseases by identifying possible targets to assist in the management and can mitigate the effects of the disease in these patients.
Sensibilidade do barorreflexo e respostas cardiorrespiratórias após a ativação e desativação do barorreflexo em ratos depletados de sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16)
Borsari, Karine Cristina
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Paula, Patrícia Maria de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0201361251312074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7923637090549549
Cardiorespiratory responses to peripheral baroreceptor activation are affected by sodium balance or anesthesia. In the present study, we investigated the baroreflex sensitivity and cardiorespiratory responses: to baroreceptor activation and deactivation with intravenous (iv) infusions of phenylephrine (phenyl) and sodium nitroprusside (NP) with or without angiotensinergic type 1 receptor (AT1) blocking; to baroreceptor activation with iv infusions of angiotensin II (ANG II), and cardiorespiratory responses: to cardiopulmonary receptor activation with iv infusions of fenilbiguanide: to chemoreceptor activation with iv infusions of sodium nitroprusside (KCN) in normovolemic, sodium depleted, and sodium repleted unanesthetized rats. Male Holtzman rats (280-320 g, n = 8 - 19) with a polyethylene tubing inserted into abdominal aorta through femoral artery to record mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) and femoral vein to perform iv administration drugs were used. Respiratory frequency (fR), tidal volume (VT) and ventilation (VE) were recorded by whole-body plethysmography. Sodium depletion did not modify baseline MAP (102 ± 2, vs. normovolemic: 107 ± 2 mmHg), HR (382 ± 9, vs. normovolemic: 385 ± 7 bpm) or VE (468 ± 27, vs. normovolemic: 447 ± 26 ml/min/kg). Iv infusion of phenyl (5 μg/kg/ml, 0.011ml/s) in normovolemic, sodium depleted and repleted rats produced similar pressor (Δ +58  2, +59  2 and +60  3 mmHg, respectively) and bradycardic (Δ -97  10, -120  11 and -110  9 bpm, respectively) responses, however, sodium depleted rats showed an increased in VE (Δ +152  40, vs. normovolemic: +53 ± 26 ml/min/kg, p<0.05). After sodium repletion the VE returned to approximate value of normovolemic rats (Δ +125  50 ml/min/kg). In the other group of animal was made AT1 receptor blocking with iv bolus injections of losartan and was observed an attenuation of VE that was increased in sodium depleted rats (Δ +77 ± 33 ml/min/kg). 9 The bradicardic component gain also was increased in depleted rats (-1.9 ± 0.1, vs. normovolemic: -1.3 ± 0.1 bpm/mmHg, p<0.05) and returned to baselines values in sodium repleted rats (-1.5 ± 0.1 bpm/mmHg). Iv Infusion of NP (30 μg/kg/ml, 0.011ml/s) in normovolemic, sodium depleted and repleted rats produced similar hypotensive, tachycardic responses, similar VE and the tachycardic component gain. The iv infusion of fenilbiguanide (50 μg/kg/ml) induced similar hypotensive and bradicardic responses in normovolemic and sodium depleted rats, however increased VE in sodium depleted rats (Δ +281 ± 34, vs. normovolemic: +150 ± 50 ml/min/kg, p <0.05). Iv infusion of potassium cyanide (KCN, 40 μg/0.1ml per rat) did not change cardiorespiratory responses. Thus, the results suggest that sodium depletion with furosemide plus sodium-deficient diet increased bradicardic component of baroreflex and the neurondocrine changes produced by sodium depletion (like increased angiotensin II) may facilitate respiratory responses to baroreceptor activation with phenyl iv.
Alfabetização e divulgação científica de química por meio da produção de histórias em quadrinhos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16)
Iwata, Adriana Yumi
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/085799271654988
The research project, of qualitative character presented and analyzed a scientific literacy activity process carried of 2 groups: the first group of undergraduate students and the second group of high school students. The scientific lieracy promotion is necessary considering the public indifference about science, once a lot of people have problems to understand and relate it to their daily lives. In this process, the scientific literate is capable to understand not only the science itself but also to perceive it their day by day, contributing in the future as conscius citizens. The comics were chosen as the main topic of the project due to singular attributes, using both the image and text to transmit an information or message, and constitute an interesting tool to promote the creative process of an individual or a group. The japanese comics, called manga, were chosen to support drawing activities and workshops with the students. Aiming for promoting the students scientific literacy and diffusing the practice of science communication by comics in manga style, were proposed several activities such as Chemistry workshop, technical visits to research departments, drawing and comics activities. At the end of the project, the students elaborated and presented comics about science communication, including chemistry. The research project promoted the scientific literacy of the students and also contributed to the dissemination of chemistry by production of scientific comics.
Análise de dados sequenciais heterogêneos baseada em árvore de decisão e modelos de Markov : aplicação na logística de transporte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16)
Ataky, Steve Tsham Mpinda
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1031971059949770
Latterly, the development of data mining techniques has emerged in many applications’ fields with aim at analyzing large volumes of data which may be simple and / or complex. The logistics of transport, the railway setor in particular, is a sector with such a characteristic in that the data available in are of varied natures (classic variables such as top speed or type of train, symbolic variables such as the set of routes traveled by train, degree of tack, etc.). As part of this dissertation, one addresses the problem of classification and prediction of heterogeneous data; it is proposed to study through two main approaches. First, an automatic classification approach was implemented based on classification tree technique, which also allows new data to be efficiently integrated into partitions initialized beforehand. The second contribution of this work concerns the analysis of sequence data. It has been proposed to combine the above classification method with Markov models for obtaining a time series (temporal sequences) partition in homogeneous and significant groups based on probabilities. The resulting model offers good interpretation of classes built and allows us to estimate the evolution of the sequences of a particular vehicle. Both approaches were then applied onto real data from the a Brazilian railway information system company in the spirit of supporting the strategic management of planning and coherent prediction. This work is to initially provide a thinner type of planning to solve the problems associated with the existing classification in homogeneous circulations groups. Second, it sought to define a typology of train paths (sucession traffic of the same train) in order to provide or predict the next movement of statistical characteristics of a train carrying the same route. The general methodology provides a supportive environment for decision-making to monitor and control the planning organization. Thereby, a formula with two variants was proposed to calculate the adhesion degree between the track effectively carried out or being carried out with the planned one.
Avaliação do uso do pensamento estatístico e técnicas estatísticas em empresas de bens de capital seriados do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16)
Carvalho, Nelio Garbellini de
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Toledo, José Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421627326330417
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2294030160420340
With more advanced marketing relations, various changes are taking place in regard to competitive factor markets, among which, the importance of quality processes and goods supplied to the society, stand out. Therefore, diverse programs and methods have been developed to monitor indicators of production processes and the characteristics of roduct quality, many of which are supported by statistical concepts. This process encourages understanding and the use of Statistical Thinking (ST), Statistical Engineering (SE), and Statistical Techniques (STe) in businesses, highlighting their importance to quality management and the efficiency of organizational processes. This thesis’s aim was to analyze the use of ST and STe in a sample of industries in the sector of serial capital goods located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. For that, an exploratory-descriptive survey was conducted with 42 medium and large companies from different segments of the sector. Data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and multivariate methods (cluster analysis, association and correlation). These analyses revealed there is considerable space to diffuse Statistical Thinking and Statistical Techniques in these companies, as well as revealed a lack of training in statistical principles and techniques, the main obstacles to the systematic application of these techniques, and the lack of support on the part of top management. There is evidence that the successful implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) and Total Productive Maintenance in the industries of sector significantly influences the diffusion of ST and the application of STe; while the use of Six Sigma program especially impacts the application of more complex STe; and ST has the potential to promote the application of STe.
Neurotransmissão orexinérgica no Locus coeruleus : participação na resposta ventilatória à hipercapnia na vigília e sono nas fases clara e escura em ratos não anestesiados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-16)
Vicente, Mariane Cristine
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Batalhão, Luciane Helena Gargaglioni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5850453468994497
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0376859315989162
The orexins are hypothalamic neuropeptides involved in an array of functions such as regulation of sleep/wake states and chemoreception to CO2/pH. The Locus coeruleus (LC) is a chemosensitive site and expresses an extensive population of orexin receptor 1 (OX1R). Here we tested the hypothesis that OX1Rs located in the LC participate in the ventilatory response to hypercapnia in a vigilance state and diurnal cycle-dependent manner. To this end, we performed unilateral injections of SB-334867 (OX1R antagonist, 5 mM) into the LC of male Wistar rats and evaluated the ventilatory response to 7% CO2 during wakefulness and sleep in the dark and light phase of the diurnal cycle. Hypercapnia induced an increase in ventilation in all groups compared to normocapnic values. However, the injection of (SB-334867) promoted an attenuation of the hypercapnic chemorreflex during wakefulness, due to changes in VT. In addition, microinjection of SB-334867 decreases the wakefulness time during dark phase. We suggest that projections of orexin-containing neurons to the LC contribute, via OX1Rs, to the hypercapnic chemoreflex during wakefulness in the dark phase.
As elites organizacionais e o discurso da flexibilidade : uma análise sob a perspectiva das relações de poder
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-20)
Sanchez, José Paulo de Angelo
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Donadone, Julio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9990858707479134
Generally speaking, the evolution of organizational behavior has been analyzed almost exclusively from the economic and technological transformations point of view. According to this perspective, firms are transformed by market forces as they struggle to adapt to customers’ demands in order to become more competitive and to survive and thrive. This viewpoint neglects the influence of powerful interests institutionalized in society, which manifests themselves inside firms through the actuation of organizational elites. Based on the study of organizational elites and the power relations they establish we are able to achieve a better understanding of factors that determine organizational behavior. With the advent of continuous transformations to which companies have been submitted with the stated purpose of giving them greater flexibility in the face of increasingly competitive markets, the old static organizational structures began to give way to network organizations, more susceptible to restructuring in order to suit economic interests. This flexible organizational environment would require also flexible professionals, averse to excessive specialization, which could hinder them the freedom to move through the organizational network seeking for new opportunities. The changes associated with this flexibility discourse, in turn, may offer opportunities to favoring not declared interests of the organizational elites. In this sense, the subject of our study is how the flexibility discourse might be used instrumentally by organizational elites in their internal disputes for leading positions in companies. More to the point, the question that we propose to investigate is: ‘would it be possible to identify in the behavior of members of organizational elites some evidence of the usage of the flexibility discourse as a tool to compete for command positions within organizations?’ It is not our intention to answer that question categorically, but to advance in the understanding of this topic through a reflection based on theoretical and empirical evidence. In order to seek possible answers we have investigated the careers of business consultants who worked for a multinational consulting company operating in Brazil. We have found that having worked for a renowned business consulting company represents a significant shortcut for executive positions in organizations from several industries, especially if coupled with an MBA title by some prominent American or European business school. This can be taken as an evidence that the flexibility discourse is aligned to the interests of organizational elites, to the extent that it legitimizes their claims to rise to positions of power in organizations without going through the lengthy path required by the assimilation of specific knowledge of each type of activity or industry.
Diagnóstico para implantação de um sistema de gestão ambiental em uma instituição federal de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-20)
Mendonça, Bruna Arduini
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Caron, Monica Filomena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408975195954782
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Faria, Luiz Carlos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754
The Brazilian government has implemented policies and procedures that govern the actions of the society and entities own state in order to promote greater environmental awareness and actions that mitigate negative environmental impacts, such as the Environmental Agenda program in Public Administration (A3P). The adoption of an Environmental Management System (EMS) formalized by an educational institution can contribute to the awareness and the spread of the importance of environmental issues. The Campus Uberaba of Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM - Campus Uberaba) is an educational institution that seeks to establish an environmental management system. This study aimed to carry out an environmental diagnosis in IFTM - Campus Uberaba as a way to aid in the definition of social and environmental responsibility policies and the implementation of an EMS in the institution. Exploratory study was conducted in order to identify existing environmental standards to which the IFTM - Campus Uberaba is subject, as well as meet other voluntary environmental management practices by public institutions and / or higher education that could serve as a model for the institution. From the management reporting analysis, environmental control report, bidding notices, pedagogical projects of the courses offered by the institution, and also through direct observation, the main environmental aspects and impacts from campus´s processes and services have been identified, and existing environmental practices. It was verified that, over time, there was an intensification of government actions to mobilize their public institutions in the adoption of sustainability and environmental responsibility criteria. In IFTM - Campus Uberaba, environmental impacts information were identified on the physical, biotic and socioeconomic means and the action already present of a solid waste management project and a joint selective collection program. It was observed that the bidding notices practiced on campus do not include sustainability criteria in the procurement of materials and services and, for the discard practices of the institution, the legislation that deals with it has been obeyed. It was also observed that it is prevalent the use of virgin paper and disposable cups in the institution. As for the teaching practice it was found that the environmental issues, social and environmental responsibility and sustainable development are covered by most courses. The analysis of the survey of voluntary environmental management practices of some higher education institutions and other public institutions has observed that for the IFTM - Campus Uberaba assume its social and environmental responsibility are necessary several actions of its senior management to motivation and conviction of their community. From these findings it was concluded that the IFTM - Campus Uberaba may adopt changes and fixes in existing shares to fit the criteria and environmental requirements in voluntary standards, either by ISO 14001 or as the A3P, which should promote a management participatory, enhancing existing initiatives and involving the whole community.
Redes do cuidado : etnografia de aparatos de gestão intersetorial para usuários de drogas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-22)
Martinez, Mariana Medina
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9126534946585241
This research presents an ethnography of care’s network. I describe the mode of operation of an intersectoral management for drug users, as from a fieldwork in public health equipment in São Bernardo do Campo (SP). The construction of networks for reception and support care (acolhimento e cuidado), appointment (encaminhamento) and treatment for this targeted public is the empirical question that guides this research. The ambiguous figure of drug user (both patient and defaulter) resonates in the public policies for this population. For this reason, the networks both care as well as enclose these subjects at the same time. The ethnography of network in the health sector explores the challenges and dilemmas that these intersectoral management apparatus evoke. I present the issues that revolve around the network’s organizational model that is formulated by standardization of policies and the universalization of principles, but in practical terms they are invented according to the occasions. I also raised the dilemmas of how workers throw themselves on the challenge of tying partnerships, doing maintenance, seeing the size of the network, tracking the movement of people, information and documents, and planning their growth in the territories. Such developments matches the dilemmas of an assistance project that aims to take care of people in freedom, accomplishing the democratic and humanistic precepts, but intends to monitor the movements and pursue many traces.
Diferentes estratégias espectroanalíticas para a determinação de metais em cosméticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-22)
Batista, Érica Ferreira
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3830711529545975
In this work, it was developed a procedure for the determination of metals in cosmetics, employing the techniques ICP OES, GF AAS, LIBS and LA-ICP OES; in addition, it was explored the potential of chemometric tools. For the determination of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu and Ni by ICP OES and Pb by GF AAS in eyeshadow and lipstick samples, it was developed a sample preparation method using diluted nitric acid and a hot block. For the optimization of chemical parameters of sample preparation and operating parameters of ICP OES, it was used factorial design and for data analysis and selection of the best working conditions, the desirability functions were employed. In total, it was analyzed 30 samples of cosmetics (21 eyeshadow and 9 lipstick), of different colors, brands and from different countries (Brazil, USA and China). These samples were analyzed in triplicate and with standard addition to perform the recovery calculations. The analyzed samples showed concentration of Cd and Pb within the limits set by the laws, however, 7 eyeshadow samples had concentration of Cr and Ni above than 5 g g-1. In the case of lipstick samples, all values were below this safe limit. All samples analyzed by ICP OES and GF AAS were also analyzed without sample pretreatment by LIBS. The values obtained in the quantitative analysis were employed in the development of supervised classification models such as the KNN and SIMCA. For the obtainment of these models, data of children´s cosmetics samples were included. The classes considered in the models were: below and above the legislation, with a limit set at 5 mg kg-1, according to the recommendations in the literature. In addition to analysis of eyeshadow and lipstick samples, it was explored the potential of the techniques LIBS and LA-ICP OES along with chemometric tools for exploratory analysis of sunscreen samples. The results were obtained for three different equipment (two LIBS and one LA-ICP OES), and several models employing principal component analysis (PCA) were generated. The signals profile of Al, Ni, Ti, and Zn were analyzed and the results obtained between the three equipment were similar.
Avaliação pedagógica para alunos surdos no contexto de um programa inclusivo bilíngue
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-23)
Resende, Alice Almeida Chaves de
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9884343350716175
The current educational policy postulates the inclusion of all children at regular schools, respecting their needs and peculiarities. However, such care is not always provided. Due to language access difficulties, the deaf students are excluded from the teachinglearning processes. It is extremely important to develop pedagogical practices focused at these individuals‟ needs. These initiatives should facilitate the acquisition and use of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) at school. Actions toward this goal became mandatory with the publication of the Brazilian Federal Decree 5.626/05. This study is articulated to a schooling program called Inclusive Bilingual Program, which conducts researches and follow-up actions as part of an inclusion program for deaf students at a regular school in São Carlos/SP. Its main focuses are to develop the bilingual education for deaf students and to insert Libras at school environment, applying appropriate methodologies and teaching practices. The aim of this work is to propose an evaluation system for deaf students written language analysis and follow-up, focused at Libras users. Three studies were carried out in order to create, test and apply the evaluation system proposed. The performance of each student was analyzed concerning their Portuguese Language registers. This study can contribute to the educational system, which needs instruments to evaluate its aims, actions and strategies for supporting the bilingual education of deaf people.
Degradação eletroquímica dos herbicidas tebutiuron e picloram usando anodo de diamante dopado com boro ou de dióxido de chumbo em um reator filtro-prensa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-23)
Pereira, Gabriel Fontes
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110038756991725
The electrochemical degradation of the herbicides tebuthiuron (TBT) and picloram (PCL) was carried out in a filter-press reactor using boron-doped diamond (BDD) or lead dioxide as anode, investigating the effect of current density (j), pH, and the addition of Cl– ions to the solution. For both anodes, solution pH had no significant effect on the removal process of the tested molecules or the solution organic load (COD and TOC); however, the process was quite dependent on j, except for COD, when mass transport limitation was observed. In terms of current efficiency and energy consumption, the most favorable condition was the one for the lowest tested value of j (10 mA cm–2). On the other hand, the addition of Cl– ions to the solution had a positive effect only on the degradation of the PCL molecule, with a significant influence of pH; the best performance was attained at pH 6, at which HOCl is the predominant active chlorine species. Regarding mineralization, the presence of Cl– ions had little influence on the process. Once again increased j values led to higher rates of organic load removal, but simultaneously diminishing the process efficiency and increasing its energy consumption. LC-MS/MS studies of the intermediates from the degradation of the TBT molecule showed that the initial degradation steps consist in the introduction of OH groups, followed by subsequent oxidation processes up to the removal of carbon atoms. In the presence of Cl– ions, chlorinated intermediates were observed. Comparing the tested anodes, despite their similar results on the removal of the herbicides’ molecules, the DDB one yielded significantly superior results with respect to COD and TOC removal.
Cor e ensino superior : trajetórias e experiências de estudantes cotistas da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-23)
Costa, Jacqueline da Silva
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Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3208435983286140
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3988962683769172
This work was a study about students experiences and trajectories that entered at UNEMAT (Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso) through PIIER (Programa de Integração e Inclusão Étnico-Racial). To achieve the goals aimed, it was risen information about: graduate quota students, active and dropout quota students, students who entered University by means of broad competition system, the meaning of the University, the reception of quota students, the relationship among quota students, non-quota students and professors from the perspective of policies adopted by UNEMAT, the mutual recognition and perception of identity construction and knowledge production. A comparative study of cases between two campi (Cáceres e Sinop) was adopted to concretize the research objectives. Documentary research, Survey and Qualitative Research were also done. The quantitative research (sample survey) and the qualitative research (in-depth interviews) reached 506 people. The results showed PIIER as an affirmative action program which has promoted equality, social justice and diversity at UNEMAT. It has positively impacted students life project reformulations. The presence of young or adult black students has pointed out that, while an historically racialized and marginalized group according to epistemological and cognitive justice point of view, they can instigate a set of cultural interrogations and challenges to the knowledge production which ones the university will have to deal with it.
Transformações políticas e indígenas : movimento e prefeitura no alto rio Negro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-23)
Iubel, Aline Fonseca
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Andrello, Geraldo Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4238055802764185
This PhD thesis is an ethnography of policies made by the Indians in the Upper Rio Negro in two main areas: the indigenous movement and the Government’s municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas State, Brazil. The indigenous organized movement exists in the region since at least the 1970s. However, the debates about political parties politics and attempts to indigenous alliances aiming to hold office in the county, they have intensified only over the years 1990. In both cases some indigenous leaders took ahead the process with a certain way of speech and work, who often expressed the movement as a kind of "laboratory" for partisan politics. That is, there are so many points of intersection of these two spheres which cannot let us think of them as separated or independent in that context. On the other way round, the descriptions and analyzes of some narratives and political events of the upper Rio Negro that are presented in this work show how in these spaces the Indians dialogue, debate, fight and dispute among themselves, but also with two other key players: White people and State. In this sense, the thesis also reflects on the political processes of establishing an indigenous sociality from the state, when, in 2008, there were elected two Indians for mayor and vice-mayor positions in São Gabriel da Cachoeira. The plots, narratives, actions and evaluations of these processes underlie an argument in which the strongest language is on the transformation, instability and reversibility.
Cultivo de Chlorella vulgaris em vinhaça convencional e biodigerida tratadas : uma abordagem ecofisiológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-23)
Candido, Camila
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3632673175268915
Vinasse is a waste of sugarcane industry and, due to the presence of organic matter and mineral nutrients, it has been used for the irrigation of the sugarcane crops. However, its composition limits such application due to soil salinization. The anaerobic fermentation of vinasse generates biogas that is used as energy source in the sugarcane industry itself. The fermented vinasse results in biodigested vinasse. The development of techniques for residue use can contribute to cleaner production systems. In this research, we evaluated treated conventional and biodigested vinasses for the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. The treatment consisted of filtering the vinasses through smectite clay and activated carbon, or centrifugation. Concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100% of treated vinasses were tested. Cell density, absorbance at 570 nm, pH and electrolyte conductivity were quantified daily in a six day experiment. Based in cell density, specific growth rates were calculated. Growth rates higher than the controls were obtained in 60% conventional filtered vinasse and 10% conventional centrifuged one, as well as in 80% biodigested filtered vinasse and 20% biodigested centrifuged vinasse. In general, the filtered vinasse was superior in relation to the centrifuged one regarding higher residue concentration that supported microalgae growth. After microalgae acclimation we evaluated the photosynthetic performance of C. vulgaris in the best vinasses conditions and the biochemical composition of the biomass present in the vinasse, which besides the microalgae contained other microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, since it was not sterilized. Specific growth rate for C. vulgaris in 60% filtered conventional vinasse was 1.6 d-1 and 1.5 d-1 in the 80% filtered biodigested vinasse, representing increases of up to 84 x in cell density compared to the initial. In the LC Oligo control the growth rate was ~ 0.9 d-1 and in the BG11 it was 1,1 d-1. Although the better C. vulgaris growth in the treated vinasses, photosynthetic efficiency and its related parameters were better in the control than in the vinasses. These results together with those of chlorophyll a concentration suggest that the microalgae have possibly used a mixotrophic metabolism while in the vinasses. We observed higher biomass accumulation in the vinasses than in the controls. A reduction of total dissolved organic carbon and dissolved mineral elements up to 50%, as well as bacteria and fungi, were detected in the vinasse after microalgae growth. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of microalgae physiology in a residue and to the development of cleaner ethanol production system.
O pioneirismo de Alberto Guerreiro Ramos nos estudos sobre hierarquias raciais : a gênese de uma formação discursiva pós-colonial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-24)
Cruz, Leonardo Borges da
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7004653247154545
The thesis presented here aims to point to studies by sociologist Alberto Guerreiro Ramos about relationships (or hierarchies) race in the decades 1940- 50, demonstrating aspects (themes, methods, categories of analysis) developed in postcolonial studies. I follow an initial hypothesis that the writings of Guerreiro Ramos constitute black thought. So I will try to show how models that inspired the author - especially phenomenology and existentialism - were mobilized in the preparation of statements of very authentic and original way. However, the context in which he produced his study of race relations was the affirmation of a way of thinking which Guerreiro Ramos little or scarcely converged. He was taking notes and incorporating that knowledge came from the blackness of the African diaspora, the process of African decolonization and other foreign references as well as debates on Brazilian development. Keep that to the extent that these mergers happened he found it difficult to read a perspective that he himself does not seem to be fully aware, namely that he operated a locus of enunciation interstitial, constituting what Hall called decentered subject.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de tecidos vítreos flexíveis altamente bioativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-26)
Souza, Marina Trevelin
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Peitl Filho, Oscar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3007441705652783
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Zanotto, Edgar Dutra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
Bioactive glasses were developed by Hench in 1969, and are widely known to have the ability to rapidly form a chemical bond with hard and soft living tissues. Currently, these glasses have been used clinically as biomaterials that act in bone regeneration in dental and orthopedic applications. However, their use is still very limited due to their fragility and also the limited commercially available forms, such as powders and granules. Therefore, the development of processes that make possible their conformation in fibers and fabrics (meshes) is indeed promising and highly desired, as this new shape could significantly expand the usage spectrum of this excellent biomaterial. Thus, this project aimed to develop and improve the production of highly bioactive glass fibers by the downdrawing process, as well as optimize the production of unwoven fabrics and characterize them in relation to their physicochemical and biological properties. Therefore, a new bioactive glass composition previously developed at the Vitreous Materials Laboratory was used (LaMaV - UFSCar). This new bioactive glass presents a fast interaction with the body fluids to rapidly promote the healing process and reduced crystallization tendency for its processing into fibers, as crystal formation difficult or even impossible to obtain the same. The obtained results showed that this new bioactive glass composition is more suitable to undergo through working processes involving high temperatures than other currently known bioactive glasses, being then, possible to produce highly flexible fabrics and meshes by the downdrawing process. Concurrently, this new biomaterial presents similar physical-chemical and biological properties to gold standard bioglass 45S5, making this new biomaterial suitable for several applications aiming in situ tissue regeneration.
Síntese eletroquímica e caracterização de filmes finos de compostos da forma BiSe(X), com X = Cu, Fe ou Co
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-26)
Mendes, Paulo de Carvalho Dias
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8104047584047398
The present work is based on the literature related to the Bi2Se3 compound, which is present in current researches as a topological insulator and is also well known for thermoelectricity applications. In this work the electrochemical synthesis of a material containing Bi, Se and X (X = Cu, Fe or Co) was carried out searching for a composition of Bi and Se in accordance with the stoichiometry of Bi2Se3. The third element, X, was used in the electrodeposition baths considering the Bi2Se3 literature, which presents doping and interaction with other elements for this compound. The synthesis conditions were determined based on studies using cyclic voltammetry. The main material studied was the ternary compound containing Bi, Se and Cu. The films obtained were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. It was found out that baths containing sulfuric acid were adequate for obtaining films of Bi, Se and Cu but a bath containing glycerol and sodium citrate was necessary for including Fe on the material. Some magnetic properties of the films obtained were also studied and paramagnetic behaviour was observed for the samples.
Efeitos da terapia laser de baixa intensidade e de membranas de celulose bacteriana no tratamento de queimaduras de terceiro grau em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-10-29)
Brassolatti, Patricia
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Bossini, Paulo Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1256982144741336
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
Burn injuries represent a high risk of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In severe and deep injuries, the wound healing process is complex and requires the participation of different types of cells. Among the existing treatments, biomaterials and LLLT are highlighted for having properties that favor and stimulate the healing process. Thus, three studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of bacterial cellulose membranes in its pure state or enriched with lidocaine and LLLT (660 nm) in two different fluences (12.5J/cm2 and 25J/cm2) used independently or associated, on third-degree burns in rats. The burn was induced with an aluminum plate at 150°C, pressed onto the animal's back for 10 seconds. In the first study the action of bacterial cellulose membrane in its pure state and enriched with lidocaine, as biological dressings was evaluated. Therefore, the rats were divided in three experimental groups, CG (control group), MG (group treated with the pure bacterial cellulose membrane), and MLG (group treated with the bacterial cellulose membrane with lidocaine). The treated groups showed an advanced wound healing when compared to the control group. In the immunohystochemical analysis of COX-2, the treated groups showed a light immunoexpression, with the characteristics of repaired tissue. Thus, bacterial cellulose-based biological dressings were effective and provided a favorable environment for the development of the healing process. In the second study, the effects of LLLT with two different fluences (12.5J/cm2 and 25J/cm2) in three experimental groups, divided into CG (control group), LG12.5 (burning treated group 12.5 J/cm2) and LG25 (burn group treated with 25 J/cm2) were evaluated. The animals received laser application immediately after the induction of the lesion and the subsequent doses 2, 4, 6 and 8 days after the induction, at five different points, four on the edges of the wound and one in the central region. The LG25 had better results, with higher number of blood vessels, increased immunoexpression of VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) and decreased immunoexpression of COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2) when compared to CG and GL12.5 groups. The LG12.5 showed the longest delay in the progression of the healing process, due to its intense inflammation and tissue fibrosis when compared to CG and LG25. In the third study the association of pure bacterial cellulose membrane and LLLT (660 nm, 25 J/cm2) was investigated. Four groups were evaluated, CG (control group), MG (burn group treated with pure bacterial cellulose membrane), LG (burn group treated with laser 25 J/cm2) and MG + L (burn group treated with bacterial cellulose membrane + LLLT). Histological findings demonstrated that the treated group showed better results in the healing process. The (GM + L) showed results similar to those found in the GL, evidencing the stimulatory effects of angiogenesis provided by the laser light. GM showed improvement in the healing process, indicating the proliferative phase. However, although LLLT presented the expected proinflam matory effects, which modulate the inflammatory phase and favor tissue regeneration, the isolated action of the bacterial cellulose membrane proved to be advantageous by presenting tissue characteristics, which are compatible with a more advanced phase of the healing process.