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ObasCId : uma abordagem ontologicamente fundamentada para EROA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-17)
Parreira Júnior, Paulo Afonso
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Penteado, Rosângela Aparecida Dellosso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4061946080136286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4567261968633725
A software concern may be defined as a set of requirements related to the same purpose. A CrossCutting Concern (CCC) (or Early-Aspect) is a concern whose requirements cutacross other concern requirements and the inadequate modularization of this type of concern may hinder the software development and evolution. The Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering (AORE) area provides more appropriate strategies for CCC identification, representation and composition. A commonly reported issue on AORE approaches is the low effectiveness provided by them, regarding to the concern identification and classification. This is due to two main causes: (i) the lack of a broader understanding about software concerns domain; and (ii) the lack of appropriate resources to support software engineers during the identification and classification of software concerns. This work aims to mitigate the reported issue by dealing with its main causes. To do this, we present: (i) a reference ontology for software concerns domain, called O4C (Ontology for Concerns), that aims to make clear and precise the description of the elements of this domain; (ii) an ontologically-based AORE approach, called ObasCId (Ontologically-based Concern Identification); and (iii) a computational tool, called OBasCId-Tool, that automates some activities of the ObasCId approach. The evaluation of the proposed approach and its computational support was carried out through experimental studies, in order to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of these research products regarding to concern identification and classification. The results indicate the ObasCId approach may contribute positively to the recall of software concerns without harming the precision and the execution time of the approach. Regarding to the ObasCId- Tool, it has been considered approved by its users, regarding to its usefulness and easeof- use features.
Máquinas de classificação para detectar polaridade de mensagens de texto em redes sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-18)
Von Lochter, Johannes
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Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8704682239077456
The popularity of social networks have attracted attention of companies. The growing amount of connected users and messages posted per day make these environments fruitful to detect needs, tendencies, opinions, and other interesting information that can feed marketing and sales departments. However, the most social networks impose size limit to messages, which lead users to compact them by using abbreviations, slangs, and symbols. Recent works in literature have reported advances in minimizing the impact created by noisy messages in text categorization tasks by means of semantic dictionaries and ontology models. They are used to normalize and expand short and messy text messages before using them with a machine learning approach. In this way, we have proposed an ensemble of machine learning methods and natural language processing techniques to find the best way to combine text processing approaches with classification methods to automatically detect opinion in short english text messages. Our experiments were diligently designed to ensure statistically sound results, which indicate that the proposed system has achieved a performance higher than the individual established classifiers.
Shoulder Impingement : Short-term effects of a thoracic spine manipulation and a systematic review of physical therapy strategies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-18)
Haik, Melina Nevoeiro
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8240155487619947
Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a common cause of shoulder pain complains and numerous treatment strategies are available in the clinic. Questions remain regarding the effects of Thoracic Spinal Manipulation (TSM) on SIS and concerning the efficacy of available techniques on the treatment of this population. Objectives: In a clinical trial, the objective was to evaluate short-term effects of a TSM on pain, function, scapular kinematics and scapular muscle activity in individuals with SIS. In a systematic review, the objective was to summarize current evidence regarding effectiveness of physical therapy to improve pain, function and range of motion in this population. Methods: In the clinical trial, participants were randomly allocated to TSM group (n=30) or sham-TSM group (n=31) and attended 2 intervention sessions over a 1-week period. Shoulder pain, shoulder function (DASH and WORC questionnaires), scapular kinematics and scapular muscle activity were measured. A blinded assessor evaluated the outcomes at day 1, day 2-pre, day 2-post and day 3. In the review, Pubmed, Web of Science, CINAHL Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, Ibecs and Scielo databases were searched up to April 2015. Randomized controlled trials investigating different modalities of physical therapy in the treatment of patients with SIS on pain, function/disability or range of motion were included. Results: In the clinical trial, TSM group improved pain (1.1 points) and tended to improve function (5.0 points on WORC) over the sham-TSM group after 2 intervention sessions. Scapular upward rotation increased 4.0°, 5.3° and 3.3° at day 2-pre, day 2-post and day 3, respectively, in the TSM group during lowering of the arm. Changes in scapular internal rotation and tilt were not different between groups. Upper and lower trapezius activity decreased in the TSM group and both groups, respectively, during elevation and lowering of the arm. Serratus anterior activity increased in the sham-TSM group. In the review, sixty-two RCTs were included. The majority had a low to moderate risk of bias. Exercise therapy provided high evidence of improvements to the treatment in the short, mid or long-term. Dynamic humeral centering, proprioceptive exercises and manual therapy associated with conventional exercises enhance the improvements in the short-term. Low-level laser, ultrasound, pulsed electromagnetic field and kinesio taping provided moderate and high evidence level towards no benefits to the treatment of SIS. Microwave diathermy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and isolated manual therapy or acupuncture provided limited evidence of benefits. Conclusion: TSM may be worthy to achieve short-term reduction of shoulder pain, increase of scapular upward rotation and decrease of upper trapezius activity facilitating the application of other movement-based interventions in individuals with SIS. Exercise therapy should be used as the first choice to improve pain, function and range of motion, and the association of manual therapy should be the best choice to accelerate symptoms decrease and progress exercise therapy quickly. Low-level laser therapy, ultrasound, pulsed electromagnetic field and kinesio taping do not provide significant effects to the therapy and therefore could be avoided. More studies are necessary to improve evidence concerning effects of diacutaneous fibrolysis, microwave diathermy, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, acupuncture and isolated manual therapy techniques in the treatment of SIS.
A relação entre subjetividade e transcendência : a luta contra o psicologismo nas investigações lógicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-19)
Alves, Tayrone Barbosa Justino
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Ferraz Neto, Bento Prado de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084436724293824
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5257056481571479
The aim of this work is to clarify the problematic relationship between subjectivity and transcendence in the Logical Investigations of Edmund Husserl. To this end, we draw a genesis of this problem, from the period prior of this work in question, until the end of his explicitness on Prolegomena. Such problematic relationship arises in Husserl combat against the psychologists conceptions of the end of sec. XIX, and, we sustain, is the biggest concern of this author throughout the course of the Investigations. What we will show in our work is how at the end of refutation of psychologism, is left to Husserl explain how can subjectivity and transcendence get in relation, since Prolegomena put such instances as separate natures, the legacy problem to the rest of the Investigations is to show how an act of judgment, which is a subjective experience, the subject enters into a relationship with the object judged by this act, the instance that transcends such subjectivity. The Husserl's answer is to present a discipline, phenomenology, which seeks to describe within the subjective, in the experiences of knowledge, the essence of the modes this subjective dimension refer to objects that transcend itself. We will explain how even after denying psychologist attempt, such a notion operates negatively throughout elaboration of the phenomenological method, that is, the phenomenology is as an overcoming of psychologism, in its most fundamental flaws.
Detecção de novidades em aparelhos eletrônicos através do monitoramento do consumo de energia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-19)
Luz, Thamires de Campos
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Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633
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Verdi, Fábio Luciano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9143186843657940
Electricity in Brazil is mostly generated by hydroelectric plants that depend on the volume of water in their reservoirs. Due to the fact that rainfall is decreasing, other methods with higher costs to generate energy are required. These costs are passed to users, increasing the energy bill. Futhermore, the wasting of energy and overconsumption also contribute to increase the energy bill. At the same time, the wasting of energy are not noticed by the user. To avoid such wasting, an alert could be sent as soon as an anomalous event is detected. In this way, we propose a system that sends an alert of any novelty detection in energy consumption through the analysis of the methods Sliding Window, Exponentially Weighted Moving Averages, Clustering, Average per Circle, Average per Stage, Gauss Distribution and Self-Organizing Novelty Detection. Results demonstrate that the methods evaluated are efficient in real time detection of novelties, presenting 90% of accuracy and 10% of recall, besides a low delay to send the alert.
Cuidado à saúde na gestação : saberes e práticas populares de gestantes participantes de ação educativa em unidade de saúde da família em Piracicaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-19)
Souza, Regina Machado de
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7265096773153177
The Health care is characterised as a social practice – where the people who learn and teach – influenced from values and culture, that vary according to the social groups and the family, economic and social system. In the pregnancy, the woman experiences several changes, becoming a propitiated period for restructuration, including the way that she cares about her health. The objective of this research is the understanding of the meanings of the popular practical’s and knowledge of the pregnancy’s health, starting from the perspective of the pregnant women that attended an educational action at a Unit of Family’s Health (USF) from Piracicaba. This is a research with a qualitative approach and inspired in the assumptions of the participative observation, having as collaborators, five pregnant women, whose made part in the course offered in the USF São Francisco, in which the researcher was inserted. The database collection occurred in the period of October 2014 to July 2015 and involved chat groups and interviews in depth, that were recorded and reproduced. The analysis of the data were based in the Thematic Analysis. For the collaborators, the health is related to the wellbeing and self-care, involving physical, emotional and psychological aspects. The pregnancy was described as like a magic moment, a momento of joy, grace and achievements, but scary in the beginning involving adaptation and difficult moments. They felt more sensitive, anxious, with intense emotions, ambiguous and unsteady. As positive points, they have mentioned the interaction with the baby and a better treatment received form the Family and the unfamiliar. Among the practices considered positives, appeared healthy food and water intake; physical exercises; prenatal, tests and vaccines; rest. The practices considered damaging, were to be nervous; marital fights; excessive physical attempts; consumption of alcohol, cigarettes and/or drugs. Although they praise healthy food, the food culture and the habits dominated and the collaborators claimed that ate what they felt like eating. The main highlighted discomforts were sickness and nausea; pain in the legs, backache and headache; low pressure and difficulty to sleep. Among the practices to minimize, were to be more selective in what to eat, be alone, lay down, put the feet up, breath, rest, find other positions to sleep. The majority avoided to use medicine during the pregnancy, perhaps they were afraid to prejudice the foetus, perhaps because of the side effects or even inefficiency. In relation to the educational processes related to the health care, the collaborators mentioned that learned with relatives (specially women), colleagues, experienced people, health professionals, sharing knowledge, through the intimacy, talks, warnings; lectures, lessons, courses and queries; internet research, mobile applicative and television programmes. When living the maternity, they claimed that they felt more mature, wise, responsible, more careful and also more kind and comprehensive with other people, noticing priority changes, in the way of thinking and facing the world and the problems, retrospection their values. This research, besides the investigation of the knowledge and popular practices, also clarified the form, with who and where the women learned and taught about the health care. Thus, we aim to bring contributions to the health and educational area, encouraging the popular education, the humanization, the dialogue and the shared construction of knowledge.
Modelo para o estímulo à criação de spin-offs acadêmicas baseado em ecossistemas empreendedores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-20)
Oliveira, Meire Ramalho de
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7648082931441728
This paper presents a model which aims to stimulate the creation of academic spin-offs by Brazilian Scientific and Technological Institutions (STI), based on experiences of the University of Georgia, University of California, Polytechnic University of Valencia and University of Porto - institutions with high rates of business creation and environment articulate entrepreneur. This model consists of a set of actions or activities that aim to strengthen the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The research that led to the model took place in six stages: Characterization of North American Universities (Phase I); Ecosystem Analysis Entrepreneurs (Phase II); Research (Phase III); Development Model to Business Creation (Stage IV); Model Validation by Expert Panel (Stage V) and Settings (Stage VI). The first version of the model was based on the Babson Entrepreneurship Ecosystem Project, stimulus bill entrepreneurship, developed by Daniel Isenberg. The project unfolded in a model that shows that an environment to encourage entrepreneurship is not made up of only one element, but by a group of structures that working together strengthen this ecosystem. The initial model constructed by this research we used the six elements specified by Isenberg, namely: policies, financial resources, culture, supporting institutions, human capital and markets. The first version of the created model was then validated by the Expert Panel for Technical. The second version of the model, now validated - Model for Spin-offs Creation of Academic Based on Ecosystem Entrepreneurs - consists of three basic elements: the institutional arrangements, policies and entrepreneurial culture. The institutional arrangements are formed by agencies that facilitate technology development, the Technology Transfer Office (TTO), the Center for Entrepreneurship (CE), the Business School (BS), the Incubators and Science Parks (I / SP), the Junior Enterprise (EJ) and Entrepreneurs Network (RE). In addition to the institutional arrangements, the model is composed of other permeable layers, which are the policies that regulate the actions in this ecosystem and the entrepreneurial culture that disseminates the concept within the institution. Permeable layers are justified because they represent a border that information, knowledge and financial resources circulate between these elements that make up the entrepreneurial ecosystem and the external environment. And in that ecosystem also move new ventures. The model provides guidance in three of STI ripening stages: initial, intermediate and mature. The first STI fits into one of these stages and then uses the appropriate guidance to its stage.
Ipseidade e alteridade em Sartre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-20)
Bet, Luiz André Colonetti
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2184314001556660
This work aims, through an analysis of the Sartre’s pre-reflective cogito, verify how is implicit in the structures of the being-for-itself (consciousness) the presence to itself, the presence to the other (otherness) and the presence to the world. For this, will be explored some notions connected directly to the concept of consciousness, such as intentionality, human reality, image, ego, nihilation, being-in-itself, being-for-itself, being-for-other, among others, as well as how these concepts are engendered so arises, within the cogito itself, otherness and the world. In other words, how the circuit of ipseity, to say the very personhood, indicates the presence of the other and the world. For this, we shall discuss certain works of the early period of philosophical publications of Sartre, Situations I (especially the article on Husserl, titled A fundamental idea of phenomenology of Husserl: intentionality), The Transcendence of the Ego, The Imagination, The Imaginary and a few chapters of Being and Nothingness dealing with the issue which this study aims to investigate.
Uma análise do ensino de proporcionalidade no ensino fundamental : realidade e perspectivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-23)
Silva, Davidson Moura Lopes
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Barros, Tomas Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153671674322010
This work presents a new proposal of approach for proporcionality, whose focus is the Brazilian Elementary 7th grade student. This work is the record of a work of didactic engineeering that generated a sequence made by four didactic sessions. The main goal of this dissertation is to present ways for the student to determine, based on mathematical de_nitions, if two magnitudes are proportional and, in a_rmative case, if the relation is directly or inversely proportional. In order to do so, we propose the employment of a software called Geogebra as a teaching tool, to allow the integration with geometry, direct and inverse proportionality relations and practical experiments to assign a greater meaning to the presented content.
Análise das despesas de bens e serviços de educação e do desempenho escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-24)
Souza, Ricardo da Silva
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Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2582161065438214
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1907887583854517
The object of this research is to work was analyze the spending cof individuals that consume goods and educational services, and school performance. The comparison of these two quantities was motivated by the expectations created by individuals in the acquisition of the such good in relation to the pursuit of their economic product that according Buckhan and Hannun (2001), is defined by mobility, occupational status and income. The product happens from the evolution of the individual through the gain or technical, academic and knowledge improvement, based on theories such as human capital (Schultz, 1973), market segmentation (Doering and Piore, 1971) and reproduction (Bordieu, 1978). From the empirical theories surveyed by Pinheiro and Fontoura (2007), Carvalho and Kassouf (2008), Santana and Menezes (2008), among others, which analyzed characteristics of individual or the individual’s families such as gender, color, inclusion of elderly, the and size of families that have influenced the distribution of funds for allocation of expenses and, indirectly, the expectations. In this context, a model for the evaluation of these characteristics associated with per capita income over expenditure using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF) was built. The model showed that the characteristics affect the educational spendings. The POF data about the expenditure data were compared to the data of educational performance of the tests conducted by the National Institute for Research Studies (INEP) such as Prova Brasil and ENEM, by geography region. The data for this comparsion showed similarities between five of six possible comparisons in relation to the Brazil average. These similarities may indicate in order to answers that satisfy the expectations of the individuals about educational products
"Só vencem os fortes": a barbárie do trote na educação agrícola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-24)
Silva, Rosiane Maria da
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Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4862541915156784
SILVA, R.M. “Only the Strong Win”: The Hazing Barbarism in Agricultural Education. Dissertation (Doctorate in Education) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, 2015. Traditional hazing practices in educational institutions date back to the 15th century in the first European universities and continue to the contemporary college hazing. Through literature review, gaps have been pointed related to this subject in the context of Brazilian agricultural schools. Adorno state that to “fight barbarism", hazing used in the German holocaust should be avoided. Based on this perspective, this research discusses the revival of the Nazi-fascist authoritarian personality nowadays. The research hypothesis is that the institutional culture medium in an agricultural school supports hazing barbarism. This study aimed to analyze the traditional hazing in the former Colégio Agrícola de Uberlândia (Agricultural College of Uberlândia) from 1969 to 1985, investigate the relations between institutional culture, hazing and the development of students' subjectivity in a hazing context. Therefore, the theoretical ground and discussions were based on the writings of Adorno, Horkheimer and collaborators about the "Authoritarian Personality Syndrome" and on Adorno's and Freud’s sociological works. The research methodology consisted of the semistructured interview with 10 participants. Empirical data were compared with the theory. The hypothesis was confirmed: the culture medium of Colégio Agrícola carries features that supports hazing. Five categories were applied to the interviews. The data were submitted to content and document analysis. It was observed that a committee consisted of students and public servants institutionalized hazing. Traditional hazing such as nicknaming and mud bathing were pointed. Due to hazing violence that resulted in some serious injuries, the hazing committee was disbanded in 1983. The institutionalized hazing expressed prejudices and the thinking of the ticket, by means of group exclusions and derogatory nicknames. The culture of machismo was detected in the viewpoint of student and hazing, masculine institutions. The Freudian ground to the concept of mass based the evidence that the student leaders were the ablest to conduct hazing; however, their involvement was reinforced by hazing institutional elements. The academic community was divided into segments in the context of hazing, but on the in general it was widely institutionalized. The conclusion is that hazing was an institutional phenomenon in Colégio Agricola de Uberlandia. Furthermore, hazing served students as a training for academic life and job market, by means of Taylorist and Fordist Technical Education. Hazing, courses and the teaching and learning processes of Technical Education during the time range under consideration was in compliance with military principles. In the last stage of this research, a CPI (Parliamentary Inquiry Commission) set up to investigate hazing in São Paulo universities revealed injuries and sexual abuses. To definitely stop hazing, it depends on a change in mind of students and leaders who disseminate prejudice and barbarism. Thus, the idea that "only the strong win", that shapes the human subjectivity and supports the hazing practices in the Technical Education, must be understood and immediately fought.
Investigação dos determinantes moleculares envolvidos na interação com os substratos de Tsa1 e Tsa2 de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-25)
Breyer, Carlos Alexandre
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Matheucci Junior, Euclides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4503704334231412
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Oliveira, Marcos Antonio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2366751838985119
Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are antioxidant proteins capable of decomposing a variety of hydroperoxide are very abundant in the cell and in eukaryotes are distributed in many cell compartments. The Prx are able to reduce their substrates using a highly reactive cysteine residue, named peroxidatic cysteine (CP-S-), which is maintained in the thiolate form as a consequence of the active site environment. In hydroperoxide decomposition process the CP is oxidized to cysteine sulfenic acid (CP-SOH). These vast majorities of these proteins are obligate dimers and has a second cysteine involved in the catalytic cycle, named resolution cysteine (CR), which forms a disulfide with CP and is often reduced by the enzyme thioredoxin (Trx). In addition to the reduction of Prx, the Trx are involved in several other biological processes such as cell growth, inhibition of apoptosis, transcriptional activation and DNA synthesis. When cell are exposed to oxidative stress, the CP can suffer overoxidation, forming species such as cysteine sulfinic acid (CP-SO2H) and cysteine sulfonic acid (CP-SO2H), which are not reduced by Trx. However, the CP overoxidation results in a change of the of Prx quaternary structure, resulting in the formation of high molecular weight structures (HMW) with molecular chaperone property and related to signal transduction triggered by hydroperoxides. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, have two isoforms of cytosolic Prx (Tsa1 and Tsa2), which shares high similarity (86% identity and 96% similarity), but differ in cellular abundance and expression levels. However, these enzymes are often considered redundant proteins. This study aimed the comparative analysis searching for functional and structural differences between Tsa1 and Tsa2. We evaluated Tsa1 and Tsa2 relationships with its oxidizing (hydroperoxide) and reducing substrates (Trx1 and Trx2). We also performed structural and kinetic analysis showed a significant relationship between maintaining the decameric structure the activity of enzymes which occurs by a series polar interactions but not equal to the active site amino acids. Highlighting the Thr44 of Tsa1 (Ser in Tsa2) which is involved in decamer structure stabilization by a CH-π interaction type with the Tyr77 and through the Oγ atom (from Thr) polar interactions with Phe45 and Leu41. Overoxidation susceptibility assays were performed using Tsa1 and Tsa2, and our results revealed that organic hydroperoxides were able to promote the CP overoxidation more efficiently when compared to H2O2. In turn, Tsa2 was very more resistant to CP overoxidation than Tsa1. This difference was also investigated concerning the catalytic triad Thr (Tsa1) to Ser (Tsa2). We generated mutants carrying reciprocal substitutions Tsa1T44S and Tsa2S44T and our results revealed that Tsa1T44S become more resistant to CP overoxidation and Tsa2S44T become more sensitive. The formation of high molecular weight structures (HMW) of Tsa1, Tsa2 and mutants were also investigated by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Tsa1, Tsa2 and mutants HMW formation were analyzed by size exclusion chromatograph (SEC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed an increase of HMW formation after Trx system reaction using high concentrations of CHP. Were observed the stacking of the ring-shaped structures besides spherical species. Our results demonstrate that Tsa1 and Tsa2 proteins differ significantly in overoxidation susceptibility and HMW complex formation, indicating that these proteins have not redundant biological roles and small changes in active site promote high functional and structural changes in these enzymes.
Modelos alternativos em filas M/G/1
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-26)
Prado, Silvia Maria
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1860827349387828
The main aim of this work is to develop alternative queuing models to M/ G/l, in which arrivals follow a Poisson process, the total number of customers on the system and the total number of service channels are unknown. Our interest is just to observe the service channel that will offer the maximum or minimum service time. Wherefore, the service distributions are obtained from the composition of the Conwav-Maxwell-Poisson distribution truncated at zero, used to model the number of service channels, with the general distribution to the maximum and minimum service time. Thus, we obtain new distributions for service time, which are called Maximum-Conwav-Maxwell-Poisson-general, denoted by MAXCOMPG distribution, and Minimum-Conwav-Maxwell-Poisson-general, denoted by MINCOMPG distribution, consequently, we obtain the queue models M/MAXCOMPG/1 and M/MINCOMPG/ 1, respectively. As general distributions, we use the distributions exponential, Weibull and Birnbaum Saunders, To illustrate the proposed queue models, a simulation study is done and also real data are used.
Avaliação do grau de conhecimento e de aplicação das práticas do Quick Response Manufacturing : estudo comparativo transnacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-26)
Marchesini, Antonio Gilberto
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8580028974493724
In recent decades, the lead time reduction has become crucial to ensure the competition of enterprises. To address this, plus the abandonment of the tradit ional mindset based on efficiency and cost, to a mentality based on the reduction of lead time, companies began to incorporate in production management, principles and practices related, outstandingly, to the Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM) and the Lean Manufacturing (LM). In this context, this work aims, according to companies located in Brazil, Europe, and in the USA: (I) Verify if the degree of knowledge of the exclusive principles of QRM approach is equal to the degree of knowledge regarding common concepts to LM and QRM, (II) Verify if the degree of knowledge of the exclusive principles of QRM is greater due to factors such as training, dissemination, and awareness, (III) Check if the mindset based on economies of scale and cost reduction is still the main obstacle in the degree of knowledge of the companies surveyed, (IV) Verify if the concepts / elements / exclusive practices QRM less adopted by companies are those related to the change of economies of scale and cost-based mindset, still fairly entrenched in enterprises, (V) Verify if there is a significant difference between the degree of implementation of QRM practices due to the region studied, and (VI) Check whether the use of concepts / elements / practices of LM favors the adoption of QRM. For this, it was carried out an exploratory survey with an intentional sample of companies in these regions who wish to reduce the lead time. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests. Concerning to the knowledge of the companies surveyed about the QRM, it was concluded that the level of knowledge about the exclusive practices of QRM is lower than in relation to the common practice at LM and QRM. The companies’ knowledge degree about the exclusive principles of QRM is possibly greater due to training, dissemination, and awareness and such factors are present more at the region of US. The mindset based on economies of scale and cost reduction is possibly the main barrier in the degree of knowledge in the companies surveyed. Concerning to the application of the QRM practices by companies surveyed, it was concluded that the extent of implementation of practices regarding the key concept "power of time" is lower than the other key concepts; there was not observed any statistically significant differences in the degree of implementation of QRM practices due to the region; the LM practices helps and contribute to the effort of implementation of QRM in companies that seek to reduce the lead time and; the concepts, elements and practices of QRM less adopted by companies are those related to the abandonment of the mindset based on economies of scale and cost reduction.
Uso de técnicas espectroanalíticas na avaliação de amostras de placas de circuito impresso de lixo eletrônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-26)
Santos, Jozemir Miranda dos
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3701702963740025
The increase in the consumer electronics equipment, especially, the cell has aroused the academia and society in general interest. Such equipment when obsolete became part of the so-called junk mail. Among the components of this type of waste, are the printed circuit boards (PCB’s). The concentration of toxic elements such as Cd, Cr and Pb these PCB has proved high. Because of this situation becomes important to develop analytical methodologies for evaluation of these dangerous elements in PCB. Among the analytical techniques available, the most used in the determination of these elements has been the ICP OES. The evaluation of samples PCB by ICP OES performed in this study revealed that in addition to the regulated elements by RoHS (Cd, Cr and Pb), are present in high quantities, the elements Ba (2% w/w) and As (400 mg/kg). The Cu element was the one with the highest levels of concentration in some samples amounted to 35% (m/m). The use of a multivariate analysis such as PCA, showed some correlation between certain elements of the PCB. This is observed for the elements Ba and Ni, and also to the As, Cr and Fe. Alternatively to the use of techniques that require a pretreatment of the samples comes LIBS. The obtained emission spectra provided important information about the composition of these PCB’s. An analysis of the spectra reveals the presence of emission lines of elements such as Ba, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Fe, Sb, among others. The elements that provide the most intense emission lines were Cu and Ba. Based on the obtained reference concentration by ICP OES and the values of the area and intensity of the spectra obtained, the construction of multivariate calibration models has been proposed. Employing MLR was possible to build the multivariate calibration models for elements of interest. However, due to lack of verified correction, among the area parameters, maximum intensity and reference concentrations, the proposed models are considered viable. However, the use of LIBS for characterization purposes samples for the presence of an element, shown to be feasible from a qualitative point of view.
Fluoroquinolonas em amostras aquosas ambientais e em teleósteos : quantificação, avaliação de toxicidade e ensaios de biotransformação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Denadai, Marina
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
;
Cass, Quezia Bezerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
The presence of drugs in the environment is an important issue in environmental risk assessment. The fluoroquinolones represent a class of compounds widely used in human and veterinary medicine, and its apport in the environment is continuous and lacking of monitoring. In this scope, it is important to evaluate the levels of these compounds in the environment and their toxicological impact on aquatic organisms. The present study discuss the development and validation of analytical methods for direct injection of samples using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for multiresidual determination of fluoroquinolones in effluents of São Carlos – SP, and toxicity tests of ciprofloxacin (CIP) on fish. For monitoring of effluent samples, six fluoroquinolones were evaluated: CIP, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin (NOR). In effluent samples from wastewater treatment plant, CIP and NOR were quantified at concentrations of 195 ng L-1 and 270 ng L-1, respectively. Toxicity studies of CIP in species of O. niloticus exposed to different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 μg L-1) for periods of 7 and 14 days were evaluated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems. The biochemical assays demonstrated that fishes were not able to perform the detoxification, which was evidenced by the severe damage in their cells, especially on the gills and liver of the fishes. In vitro studies were carried out in species of O. mykiss, evaluating the biotransformation and bioaccumulative potential of some drugs commonly used in fish farms, including fluoroquinolones. The results using this in vitro model corroborate to the understanding of similarities and differences among different species of fish, as well as the assessment of environmental impact due to these compounds present in the environment.
Investigação do papel dos DNAs repetitivos na evolução cromossômica de espécies de Apareiodon (Characiformes, Parodontidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Traldi, Josiane Baccarin
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Moreira Filho, Orlando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7195727455140933
Parodontidae comprises the genera Parodon, Apareiodon e Saccodon, including 32 valid species. Of these, 16 occur in Brazil, and only ten defined at species level and one at genus level possess available chromosomal data. Due to the lack of cytogenetic data of Parodontidae species from the Tocantins-Araguaia and Jaguaribe river basins, this study analyzed by cytogenetic (classical and molecular) and molecular (DNA Barcode) methods six populations from the Tocantins-Araguaia river basin (Apareiodon cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2, Apareiodon machrisi, Apareiodon argenteus and Parodon cf. pongoensis) and one species from the Jaguaribe river basin (Apareiodon davisi), in order to contribute to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the family and assist in the understanding of chromosome evolution of this fish group. For all of the Apareiodon analyzed species was identified conservation in diploid number, distribution pattern of heterochromatic blocks and dispersion pattern of repetitive fraction WAp. However, karyotype formula, active nucleolar organizer regions, location of ribosomal genes 45S and 5S and distribution of satellite DNA pPh2004 sites shown to be variable among the species. The (GATA)n and telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequences exhibited similar pattern in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2 and A. machrisi. In this work, we described the first reports of ribosomal genes co-location for Parodontidae, being observed in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2, A. machrisi and A. davisi, and also the polymorphism involving the two ribosomal sequences of A. davisi. Analysis of histones H1 and H4 localization represent the first study of histone genes in the family and showed that the seven collected species have co-location of these sequences in a chromosome pair, occuring one additional site of H1 in A. davisi, and dispersed sites of this sequence by the chromosomes of the species. Chromosomal analysis and DNA Barcode performed in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2 and A. machrisi showed recent divergence among these individual groups, suggesting that Apareiodon sp. 2 is a possible new species, and Apareiodon sp. 1 is a population of A. machrisi. This work contributed to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of viii Parodontidae, presenting unpublished chromosomal and molecular data of this family. General analysis of chromosomal data of this family revealed conservation of karyotype macrostructure, however, more detailed analyzes indicated the occurrence of a great variety of chromosomal microstructural level. The results presented in this study, along with that available in literature, indicated that this microstructure chromosome diversity is clearly linked to repetitive DNAs dynamics.
Identificação de padrões de metadados para preservação digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Formenton, Danilo
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Castro, Fabiano Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7124931056289027
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
With the significant increase in the production and acquisition of digital content, initiatives for the recovery and long-term data preservation are being created and studied in the light of changes in technological storage and access to information resources. In this context, the aim of the research was to verify to what extent standards or metadata schemas for digital preservation have been discussed by the field of Information Science and related fields (Archival Science, Library Science, Museology etc.), pointing out how these schemas could meet the structuring demands of institutional repositories more adequately for the preservation of digital documents. In terms of method, an exploratory study, based on bibliographic and documentary research relating to standards or metadata schemes used in the scope of digital preservation, was conducted. A comparative analysis of standards or metadata schemes identified in the literature was carried out, based on core metadata elements considered for digital preservation. Regarding the results, a theoretical technical framework is presented, that seeks to systematize standards or metadata schemes applicable to digital preservation, such as DC, MODS, EAD, ANSI/NISO Z39.87 or MIX, METS and PREMIS and at the same time, that may be relevant for modeling digital institutional repositories. It was found that the guarantee of long-term digital preservation will only be possible with the effective implementation of standards and metadata schemas, because it is they that define the description, representation, consistency and persistence of the digital object/resource in the information environment, as well as determining interoperability between systems. There is no way to say which of the existing metadata schema fully ensures digital preservation but that it is indeed possible to have different standards working together in order to complement the effective registration of the information required in managing preservation and usable access over time of digital objects/resources.
Síntese in situ pelo método Pechini e sinterização por métodos não convencionais de compósitos magnetoelétricos particulados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Perdomo, Claudia Patrícia Fernandez
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Garcia, Dulcinei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
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Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldschmidt Aliaga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643216999108223
This thesis aimed the synthesis via in situ by Pechini method and the sintering by conventional and unconventional methods (microwave and spark-plasma) of particulates magnetoelectrics composites (ME) of ferroelectric systems 0,9Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3O3)-0,1PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) and 0,675Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3O3)- 0,325PbTiO3 (PMN-PT), combined with cobalt ferrite Fe2CoO4 (FCO), with 0,1≤x≤0,5 molar ratios of biphasic ferroelectric/ferromagnetic, aiming high densification, reduction in average grain size and microestructural controlling of constituent phases. The synthesis in situ by Pechini of both PZN-PT/FCO and PMN-PT/ FCO) composite systems was developed in an unprecedented way in this work, resulting successfully in two-phase systems without the presence of secondary phases, highly homogeneous distribution of constituent phases with an average size of nanometric particles and ensuring reproducibility of the method. The presence of FCO phase favored the 100% stabilizing of perovskite phase in PZN-PT system. Both (0,9PZN-0,1PT/FCO e PMN-0,325PT/FCO) systems, after conventional sintering, microwave and SPS showed no formation of secondary phases indicating that the stability of the perovskite phase in the PZN-PT and PMN-PT ferroelectrics phases were ensured. Unconventional sintering methods (microwave and SPS) allowed reach a percolation threshold in the compositions with high FCO content, beyond narrow distribution and lower average grain size favoring the obtaining of fine microstructures. All particulate composite systems sintering by the three techniques presented high resistivity values, even with the presence of high ferrite content which allowed its magnetoelectric characterization at low frequencies. Thus, the high degree of difficulty in getting the magnetoelectric composites, and the absence of studies of sintering microwave and spark-plasma and their effect on the physical and microstructural properties were the main motivation for the development of this work.
Síntese, caracterização e estudo das propriedades fotoeletrocatalíticas dos fotoanodos BiVO4 e BiVO4/FeOOH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Araújo, Moisés Albuquerque de
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1921841936471127
Among the variety of semiconductor materials investigated to apply in electrochemical cells bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is one of the candidate which would be used as photoanode. Thus, this study aimed to synthesize thin films of BiVO4 and their modification with a thin layer of iron (III) oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) by photodeposition and study their photoelectrocatalytic properties. The optimization of BiVO4 synthesis condition was assessed by a factorial design 23 and an analysis of univariate type. The parameters studied were annealing temperature (500 and 600 °C), calcinations time (30, 60, 150 and 270 min.), solvent type employed for dissolving the BiVO4 precursor reagents (poly ethylene glycol 300-PEG 300, PEG 400, ethylene glycol-EG, mixture 1:1 by volume of PEG 300 and EG), deposition method of BiVO4 films (dropping and spin coating) and method of drying layers (heating at 500 °C, heat gun and no drying). From the optimized condition BiVO4 film was prepared by dissolving bismuth (III) nitrate and ammonium metavanadate in a mixture of 1:1 by volume of EG and PEG 300, it was deposited onto glass containing FTO by spin coating and then calcinated directly at 500 °C for 60 min. The photodeposition was carried out in the mixture FeSO4 and sodium citrate medium both 1 mmol L-1 and pH 4.7 by applying the open circuit potential for 5 min. and under light incidence. and then polarizing at 1.2 V for 1 min. BiVO4 and BiVO4/FeOOH films were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, UV-vis, voltammetry (cyclic and linear) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results reveled that photocurrent values increased 2.5 times at 0.71 V and the on set potential shifted to less positive value in the presence of FeOOH, also there was a considerable reduction of the charge transfer resistance in the interface photoanode/solution. The bare BiVO4 films were photostable during the illumination time studied which was 4 h. However, the modified films did not show the same behavior, the photocurrent value decreased 29% after 4 h illuminated. The results in the sulphite presence showed that photocurrent value for bare BiVO4 and BiVO4/FeOOH were less than the maximum photocurrent value which would achieve for this materias.