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Fluoroquinolonas em amostras aquosas ambientais e em teleósteos : quantificação, avaliação de toxicidade e ensaios de biotransformação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Denadai, Marina
;
Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
;
Cass, Quezia Bezerra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
The presence of drugs in the environment is an important issue in environmental risk assessment. The fluoroquinolones represent a class of compounds widely used in human and veterinary medicine, and its apport in the environment is continuous and lacking of monitoring. In this scope, it is important to evaluate the levels of these compounds in the environment and their toxicological impact on aquatic organisms. The present study discuss the development and validation of analytical methods for direct injection of samples using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for multiresidual determination of fluoroquinolones in effluents of São Carlos – SP, and toxicity tests of ciprofloxacin (CIP) on fish. For monitoring of effluent samples, six fluoroquinolones were evaluated: CIP, gemifloxacin, moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin (NOR). In effluent samples from wastewater treatment plant, CIP and NOR were quantified at concentrations of 195 ng L-1 and 270 ng L-1, respectively. Toxicity studies of CIP in species of O. niloticus exposed to different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 μg L-1) for periods of 7 and 14 days were evaluated by enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems. The biochemical assays demonstrated that fishes were not able to perform the detoxification, which was evidenced by the severe damage in their cells, especially on the gills and liver of the fishes. In vitro studies were carried out in species of O. mykiss, evaluating the biotransformation and bioaccumulative potential of some drugs commonly used in fish farms, including fluoroquinolones. The results using this in vitro model corroborate to the understanding of similarities and differences among different species of fish, as well as the assessment of environmental impact due to these compounds present in the environment.
Investigação do papel dos DNAs repetitivos na evolução cromossômica de espécies de Apareiodon (Characiformes, Parodontidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Traldi, Josiane Baccarin
;
Moreira Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7195727455140933
Parodontidae comprises the genera Parodon, Apareiodon e Saccodon, including 32 valid species. Of these, 16 occur in Brazil, and only ten defined at species level and one at genus level possess available chromosomal data. Due to the lack of cytogenetic data of Parodontidae species from the Tocantins-Araguaia and Jaguaribe river basins, this study analyzed by cytogenetic (classical and molecular) and molecular (DNA Barcode) methods six populations from the Tocantins-Araguaia river basin (Apareiodon cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2, Apareiodon machrisi, Apareiodon argenteus and Parodon cf. pongoensis) and one species from the Jaguaribe river basin (Apareiodon davisi), in order to contribute to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of the family and assist in the understanding of chromosome evolution of this fish group. For all of the Apareiodon analyzed species was identified conservation in diploid number, distribution pattern of heterochromatic blocks and dispersion pattern of repetitive fraction WAp. However, karyotype formula, active nucleolar organizer regions, location of ribosomal genes 45S and 5S and distribution of satellite DNA pPh2004 sites shown to be variable among the species. The (GATA)n and telomeric (TTAGGG)n sequences exhibited similar pattern in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2 and A. machrisi. In this work, we described the first reports of ribosomal genes co-location for Parodontidae, being observed in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2, A. machrisi and A. davisi, and also the polymorphism involving the two ribosomal sequences of A. davisi. Analysis of histones H1 and H4 localization represent the first study of histone genes in the family and showed that the seven collected species have co-location of these sequences in a chromosome pair, occuring one additional site of H1 in A. davisi, and dispersed sites of this sequence by the chromosomes of the species. Chromosomal analysis and DNA Barcode performed in A. cavalcante, Apareiodon sp.1, Apareiodon sp. 2 and A. machrisi showed recent divergence among these individual groups, suggesting that Apareiodon sp. 2 is a possible new species, and Apareiodon sp. 1 is a population of A. machrisi. This work contributed to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of viii Parodontidae, presenting unpublished chromosomal and molecular data of this family. General analysis of chromosomal data of this family revealed conservation of karyotype macrostructure, however, more detailed analyzes indicated the occurrence of a great variety of chromosomal microstructural level. The results presented in this study, along with that available in literature, indicated that this microstructure chromosome diversity is clearly linked to repetitive DNAs dynamics.
Identificação de padrões de metadados para preservação digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Formenton, Danilo
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Castro, Fabiano Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7124931056289027
;
Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
With the significant increase in the production and acquisition of digital content, initiatives for the recovery and long-term data preservation are being created and studied in the light of changes in technological storage and access to information resources. In this context, the aim of the research was to verify to what extent standards or metadata schemas for digital preservation have been discussed by the field of Information Science and related fields (Archival Science, Library Science, Museology etc.), pointing out how these schemas could meet the structuring demands of institutional repositories more adequately for the preservation of digital documents. In terms of method, an exploratory study, based on bibliographic and documentary research relating to standards or metadata schemes used in the scope of digital preservation, was conducted. A comparative analysis of standards or metadata schemes identified in the literature was carried out, based on core metadata elements considered for digital preservation. Regarding the results, a theoretical technical framework is presented, that seeks to systematize standards or metadata schemes applicable to digital preservation, such as DC, MODS, EAD, ANSI/NISO Z39.87 or MIX, METS and PREMIS and at the same time, that may be relevant for modeling digital institutional repositories. It was found that the guarantee of long-term digital preservation will only be possible with the effective implementation of standards and metadata schemas, because it is they that define the description, representation, consistency and persistence of the digital object/resource in the information environment, as well as determining interoperability between systems. There is no way to say which of the existing metadata schema fully ensures digital preservation but that it is indeed possible to have different standards working together in order to complement the effective registration of the information required in managing preservation and usable access over time of digital objects/resources.
Síntese in situ pelo método Pechini e sinterização por métodos não convencionais de compósitos magnetoelétricos particulados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Perdomo, Claudia Patrícia Fernandez
;
Garcia, Dulcinei
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5236758856687873
;
Kiminami, Ruth Herta Goldschmidt Aliaga
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643216999108223
This thesis aimed the synthesis via in situ by Pechini method and the sintering by conventional and unconventional methods (microwave and spark-plasma) of particulates magnetoelectrics composites (ME) of ferroelectric systems 0,9Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3O3)-0,1PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) and 0,675Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3O3)- 0,325PbTiO3 (PMN-PT), combined with cobalt ferrite Fe2CoO4 (FCO), with 0,1≤x≤0,5 molar ratios of biphasic ferroelectric/ferromagnetic, aiming high densification, reduction in average grain size and microestructural controlling of constituent phases. The synthesis in situ by Pechini of both PZN-PT/FCO and PMN-PT/ FCO) composite systems was developed in an unprecedented way in this work, resulting successfully in two-phase systems without the presence of secondary phases, highly homogeneous distribution of constituent phases with an average size of nanometric particles and ensuring reproducibility of the method. The presence of FCO phase favored the 100% stabilizing of perovskite phase in PZN-PT system. Both (0,9PZN-0,1PT/FCO e PMN-0,325PT/FCO) systems, after conventional sintering, microwave and SPS showed no formation of secondary phases indicating that the stability of the perovskite phase in the PZN-PT and PMN-PT ferroelectrics phases were ensured. Unconventional sintering methods (microwave and SPS) allowed reach a percolation threshold in the compositions with high FCO content, beyond narrow distribution and lower average grain size favoring the obtaining of fine microstructures. All particulate composite systems sintering by the three techniques presented high resistivity values, even with the presence of high ferrite content which allowed its magnetoelectric characterization at low frequencies. Thus, the high degree of difficulty in getting the magnetoelectric composites, and the absence of studies of sintering microwave and spark-plasma and their effect on the physical and microstructural properties were the main motivation for the development of this work.
Síntese, caracterização e estudo das propriedades fotoeletrocatalíticas dos fotoanodos BiVO4 e BiVO4/FeOOH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Araújo, Moisés Albuquerque de
;
Mascaro, Lucia Helena
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1921841936471127
Among the variety of semiconductor materials investigated to apply in electrochemical cells bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) is one of the candidate which would be used as photoanode. Thus, this study aimed to synthesize thin films of BiVO4 and their modification with a thin layer of iron (III) oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) by photodeposition and study their photoelectrocatalytic properties. The optimization of BiVO4 synthesis condition was assessed by a factorial design 23 and an analysis of univariate type. The parameters studied were annealing temperature (500 and 600 °C), calcinations time (30, 60, 150 and 270 min.), solvent type employed for dissolving the BiVO4 precursor reagents (poly ethylene glycol 300-PEG 300, PEG 400, ethylene glycol-EG, mixture 1:1 by volume of PEG 300 and EG), deposition method of BiVO4 films (dropping and spin coating) and method of drying layers (heating at 500 °C, heat gun and no drying). From the optimized condition BiVO4 film was prepared by dissolving bismuth (III) nitrate and ammonium metavanadate in a mixture of 1:1 by volume of EG and PEG 300, it was deposited onto glass containing FTO by spin coating and then calcinated directly at 500 °C for 60 min. The photodeposition was carried out in the mixture FeSO4 and sodium citrate medium both 1 mmol L-1 and pH 4.7 by applying the open circuit potential for 5 min. and under light incidence. and then polarizing at 1.2 V for 1 min. BiVO4 and BiVO4/FeOOH films were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, UV-vis, voltammetry (cyclic and linear) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results reveled that photocurrent values increased 2.5 times at 0.71 V and the on set potential shifted to less positive value in the presence of FeOOH, also there was a considerable reduction of the charge transfer resistance in the interface photoanode/solution. The bare BiVO4 films were photostable during the illumination time studied which was 4 h. However, the modified films did not show the same behavior, the photocurrent value decreased 29% after 4 h illuminated. The results in the sulphite presence showed that photocurrent value for bare BiVO4 and BiVO4/FeOOH were less than the maximum photocurrent value which would achieve for this materias.
Prática pedagógica na educação infantil: análise de artigos publicados em periódicos da área de educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-27)
Silva, Ketiene Moreira da
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5515637339275988
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1048166315622270
Historical background of educational services for institutionalized children in Brazil resulted in the pedagogical proposal that the regulatory documents drawn up by the Ministry of Education (MEC) currently guiding pedagogical practices to ensure: educating, caring and playing in daycare centers and pre- schools - axes that determine the fundamental conditions for the socialization and development of children's language. We propose in this qualitative research, reflection on teaching practice in early childhood education, after five years of publication of the National Curriculum Guidelines for Early Childhood Education (BRAZIL, 2010), performing a literature search in eighteen academic journals in the field of education classified in Qualis A 1 and Qualis A2, in order to identify through searches of their databases, publications of scientific articles with the following descriptors: education, care, play and languages. The results we found are described and analyzed in the body of this research. The twelve items identified in the periodic debate issues that can be identified in the curriculum guidelines as the specifics of educational work for children's education on the transition from preschool to elementary school, the acquisition of written language, the power relations that groups of children set in early childhood education, the hygienist perspective associated with the care, the subjectivities in the process of playing and use different languages for children.
O processo criativo em Segredo de Estado, de Antonieta Dias de Moraes : marcas do militarismo e representações sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Menezes, Ivanildes Regina de
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Costa, Luzia Sigoli Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8110248272001369
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170511435777665
This research proposes investigate the creative process of Secret of State (1998), by Antonieta Dias de Moraes (1915-1999) and aims to show traces of Brazilian military context in order to capture the ways of living and thinking of the society immersed in the violent period of dictatorship in Brazil. The memory of this time must be constantly remembered due to the enhancement of the democracy which we live now, even though dark reflexes of that regime persist in our society nowadays, more than 30 years later. Dominated by shadows in diverse sectors, Brazilian society have found a way of resistance in the arts, which produced artworks of different kinds over distinct strategies, either inside the country and, many times, out of it. In this case, those works were produced by political deportees who left their country by force or by choice, in order to continue their creations during the dictatorial regime. It was during the military dictatorship period, especially in the most violent moment of it – Médici’s government (1968-1974) –that the writer Antonieta Dias de Moraes represented social problems in the majority of her books, published firstly abroad and only afterwards in Brazil. Considered a classic of children’s literature, Secret of State tells about the participation of Tonico’s gang in São Paulo State Revolt of 1924, which began in the same state capital, led by mid-rank military officers and by Public Force. Their claim was to justice and the end of corruption. In the book,Tonico’s gang helped the army with bravery and perspicacity, providing a valuable contribution to the Revolt. Conceived during the dictatorial repression, this book describes a scenario where children pursued fairer living conditions, in which we may read, between the lines, the possibility of identification of the historical context (1924) and the period of repression and resistance lived by the nation (60’s and 70’s decades). Based on heterogeneous objects of research, composed by book manuscripts, drafts, copies, fragments, letters, newspaper clippings and illustrations, this research, thus, proposes to investigate the creative process of Secret of State. The methodology covers the initial identification of the objects, the making of a genetic critic dossier of the book’s composition and the analysis of the records left by the author in the different pieces that integrate her personal archive located in the historic farm Santa Eudóxia (São Carlos, São Paulo State). So, this work is an effort to create the minimum requirements for the comprehension of the book’s genesis and its representation of social reality. Added to the genetic analysis, some reflections are supplied by Bakhtin’s theory of language, which tells about the different voices present in a textual object. These voices are permeated by different styles and intentions, marked by their emerge in a certain social, political and economic context. Finally, this work concludes that Secret of State, written by Antonieta Dias de Moraes during the military dictatorship period, is a book that enriches the list of literary texts in which are recognizable the popular denouncement and discontentment, in addition to other marks that every authoritarian regime leaves in society, which are thematized by those who oppose the imposed order by the means of artistic language.
Mudanças de uso da terra na paisagem cultural. Caso de estudo : município de São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Souza, Imyra Maíra Martins de
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Fushita, Ângela Terumi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1078644223231926
;
Santos, José Eduardo dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8533387365058570
The complexity and interaction of environmental problems have directed the landscape structure studies, which emphasizes broad spatial scales related to ecological effects of spatial patterns of the ecosystems. Changes in the landscape result in the impairment of natural capital and ecosystem functions that regulate or modulate the goods and services provided to human wellbeing, supported by the properties and/or physical, biological or chemical processes that occur in natural systems. For understanding the trajectories of natural and anthropogenic processes of landscape, many studies have addressed the models based on land use and land cover dynamics, which reflect the potential of the landscape transformation and thus assess implications for environmental sustainability scenario to over time. Thus, this thesis aims to draw up scenarios and projections of landscape patterns resulting from the interaction society and nature, based on structural indicators of the municipality of San Carlos landscape, basing the discussion on changes in natural capital in sustainable capacity in provide ecosystem services.
Friction spot joining of aluminum alloy 2024-t3 and carbon-fiber-reinforced polyphenylene sulfide composite laminate with additional pps film interlayer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
André, Natália Manente
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Amancio-Filho, Sergio de Traglia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7609614295379921
;
Canto, Leonardo Bresciani
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123
Friction Spot Joining (FSpJ) is a prize-winning joining technique for hybrid metal-polymer composite structures. This master thesis was devised to investigate the feasibility of FSpJ of metal-composite structures with additional film interlayer. Friction spot joints of aluminum alloy 2024-T3 and carbon-fiberreinforced polyphenylene sulfide laminate composite with additional PPS film interlayer were successfully produced. The highest peak temperature achieved during the joining process was 417°C. DSC analysis demonstrated that the degree of crystallinity decreased for the composite (from 22% to 12%) and increased for the PPS film (from 7% to 27%) after joining. TGA analysis indicated that no extensive thermo-mechanical degradation induced by the joining process occurred. The main bonding mechanisms of FSp joint were identified as macro- and micro-mechanical interlocking, as well as adhesion forces. The process-related microstructural effects were evaluated and correlated to the local mechanical performance of the joining parts through micro and nanohardness. Further, mechanical grinding, sandblasting and plasma activation surface pre-treatments were performed on the composite part to enhance the adhesion between the joining parts. The generated surface features due to the surface pre-treatments were correlated to the mechanical performance of the joints. Sandblasted specimens showed the best mechanical performance among the surface pre-treatments used in this work. The lap shear strength of joints with interlayer (2703 ± 114 N up to 3069 ± 166 N) was up to 55% higher than the corresponding joints without film. The fatigue life of the joints with interlayer was 4 times longer in comparison with those without interlayer; superior fatigue strength was also observed. The durability of the joints was evaluated through hydrothermal accelerated aging; the maximum reduction in initial strength was 12.4% for 28 days of aging. Finally, the failure mechanisms of the joints were discussed, demonstrating a mixture of adhesivecohesive failure mode.
Metamorfoses na tecnocracia da água : um estudo sobre o campo burocrático ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Andrade, Clarissa Perci de
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417789132285148
Derivação de células tronco pluripotentes induzidas a partir de pacientes com doenças mitocondriais como modelo de estudo da herança mitocondrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Macabelli, Carolina Habermann
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Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392078007500289
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6577717546370427
Mitochondrial dysfunctions caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) represent an important group of human pathologies. However, it is not possible to predict with accuracy the risk of a woman with mutant mtDNA to transmit her pathology to her descendants. This is mainly due to out limited understanding of the molecular basis of mitochondrial inheritance. Since development of a technology that enabled derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from in vitro culture of somatic cells, iPSCs have become an interesting model to study mitochondrial inheritance. Derivation of iPSCs from patients with pathogenic mtDNA mutations has revealed that the mutant load decreases through in vitro culture of iPSCs, suggesting the existence of a specific mechanism that eliminates mutant mtDNA in the germ line. Thus, the aim of this work was to use iPSCs derived from patients with mitochondrial disorders to investigate the existence of a mechanism that eliminates mtDNA molecules with pathogenic mutations. In this way, we used heteroplasmic fibroblasts harboring a point mutation A3243G in mtDNA causing mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS); heteroplasmic fibroblasts harboring a deletion in mtDNA causing Kearn-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) and homoplasmic fibroblasts containing only wild-type mtDNA (Control). The KSS lineage derivation resulted in iPSCs with low levels of mutant mtDNA (<0,1%), and the elimination of mutant molecules during the culture. The MELAS derivation resulted in iPSCs with high levels of mutant mtDNA (> 98%), and indication of mutant molecules elimination as well. However, unexpectedly, there was no reduction of mtDNA content in iPSCs compared to fibroblasts in all lineages. On contrary, mtDNA copy number increased in MELAS and KSS iPSCs, perhaps due to the high levels of mutations in the cells. No effect of Rapamycin (mitophagy inductor) treatment was detected on the yield of colony formation in MELAS iPSCs. Additionally, Rapamycin did not affect the mutation levels in MELAS iPSCS compared to untreated iPSCs. Finally, gene expression analysis of MELAS iPSCs provided evidences of an autophagic mechanism directed towards the mitochondrion.
Desenvolvimento de vitrocerâmicas com estrutura NASICON condutoras por íon sódio da família NaGe2(PO4)3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Mosquera, Jairo Felipe Ortiz
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Rodrigues, Ana Candida Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6700527765785171
Sodium batteries have a promising future owing to the low cost and abundance of sodium in nature. This growing interest has led to the quest for materials to optimize and improve the operation of these devices. Among the components of batteries, electrolyte plays a fundamental role in terms of current density and battery life. In this context, materials with NASICON structures are promising candidates for solid electrolytes because their crystalline structure with open channels promotes high ionic conductivity. Synthesizing NASICON materials by the glass-ceramic route offers several advantages such as easy manufacturing into desired shapes or sizes, low porosity and good microstructural control. Considering the abovementioned factors, the objective of this work was to synthesize and characterize glass-ceramics of the Na1+xAlxGe2-x(PO4)3 and Na1+yGe2SiyP3-yO12 systems for application as solid electrolytes in sodium-ion batteries. The results indicated that the addition of aluminum and silicon improved the glass-forming ability of NAGP and NGSP precursor glasses. Moreover, a thermal analysis revealed the tendency for NAGP precursor glasses to nucleate homogeneously. All the glass-ceramics heat-treated at the crystallization temperature of the precursor glasses (Tx), presented a NASICON structure. The electrical characterization of the glass-ceramics indicated that increasing the aluminum and silicon content enhanced the material’s ionic conductivity because it led to an increase in charge carrier density. To analyze the effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and ionic conductivity, the most conductive compositions of each system (x = 0.8 and y = 0.8) were also crystallized in heat treatments at 800 and 900°C to improve the ionic conductivity.
Política de segurança pública : ciência e gestão na prevenção à criminalidade em Uberlândia-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Bonesso, Márcio
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1766342380960663
As the main objective of the research, sense connections between social theories and methods of management of public security policies were created, having as study of locus the state policies of crime prevention in the city of Uberlândia in Minas Gerais. The implementation of these new policies in the provincial town had a different reality from where they were planned, the capital city of Belo Horizonte. In this context, as the specific objective of the research, the relationship between the history of city social control with the impact of these state security policies were studied. As an analytical deployment, this research has a theoretical review questioning bonds of social theories and international, national and state interventional programs in the dynamic city of Uberlandia. Regarding the articulation between the axes of qualified repression and social protection, the municipal field of study propiciated the descripition of the macro-implementation of public security policies and micro-social experiences of prevention policies against crime in the suburbs classified as risk areas. Through a comparative analysis the research used different methodological resources to get the desired results: crime statistics, documents of the CPI Drug Trafficking, regulatory manuals on public safety programs and crime prevention, minutes of network meetings, theses, dissertations and scientific articles, land registry cerificates; ethnographic observations on: the utilities and anti utilities markets in the use and trafficking of illegal drugs on the promotion of community networks, art networks, sports networks and workshops of crime prevention programs; and finally, interviews were conducted with residents and supra-local professionals from various locations. The results showed that in Uberlândia there were in some poor neighborhoods a primacy of the axis of qualified repression on the axis of social protection, with the expansion of specialized policing without including compatible employees connected to prevention programs. However, it is noteworthy that the social actions of these officials, although certain structural problems in many micro-social contexts also favored the extension of public services for the population of poor localities. Thus, Uberlandia has become a multifaceted research locus with experiences that moved between conservative and innovative actions, triggered by various individuals and social institutions with multiple motivations.
Descrição, classificação e processamento automático das construções com o verbo dar em Português Brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Rassi, Amanda Pontes
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Baptista, Jorge
;
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Vale, Oto Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
This PhD thesis starts from the observation of constructions with the verb dar in Brazilian Portuguese and it proposes an analysis and classification of these constructions. The analysis of all constructions found in corpus is systematic and consistent, based on Transformational Grammar (HARRIS, 1964) and on Lexicon-Grammar approach (GROSS, 1975; GROSS, 1981). Both theories adopt formal and experimental criteria to make reproducible the identification of base sentences and the classification of constructions with the verb dar. The classification was based on structural and syntactic properties, leading to four classes or categories: (i) full verb or distributional verb, from which 8 verbal senses could be identified; (ii) causative operator verb, whose constructions could be subclassified in 4 groups, depending on the semantic type of the predicative noun; (iii) the verb as a fixed element, in idioms or in proverbs; and (iv) support verb, which is selected by a predicative noun. The first part of this thesis analyzes the constructions with the verb dar as a full verb, as a causative operator verb and as a fixed verb. The second part of this thesis debribes the support verb constructions (SVC), which are formed by the support verb dar (Vsup) and the predicative noun (Npred). This description is extensive, considering all the occurrences in the corpus adopted and identifying the main formal, distributional and transformational SVC properties. These properties were described and formalized in a Lexicon-Grammar table, which is a binary matrix: each line corresponds to a lexical entry (Npred) and each column corresponds to a syntactic property of the construction. In the intersection between each line and each column, we sign “+” or “-”, respectively, if the property is verified or not. The third part of the thesis presents an automatic syntactic analysis of SVC, by using an approach based in dependency rules between its constituents. The rules are automatically generated from the L-G matrix data and, then, those rules are used by the parser in order to extract the dependency between the Npred and the Vsup. Thus, this work aims to advance the state of the art of the general verbal classification in Portuguese and Automatic Processing of Natural Languages, to contribute to the development of computational-lexical resources (the Lexicon-Grammar of nominal constructions) and with automatic parsing.
Identificação das variáveis que ocasionam a variação de tonalidade utilizando a técnica de decoração por cilindros de silicone gravados a laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-11-30)
Ferraço, Fabio
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3877313369139256
A major problem in the production of ceramic tiles for coating is the variation of tonality. The determination of their origin within the entire production process and to minimize its occurrence by the manufacturer is essential. In 2014 the production was 903.3 million square meters, with an estimate production for 2015 of 969.3 million square meters, which justifies studies of varying shades in production lines ceramic tiles. For the execution of this work, some variables will be fixed without any loss in accuracy of the results to be obtained, if only because some of them are already inherent in the product development flow: ink (formulation); type of glaze and engobe, decorating cylinder characteristics (type of silicone, incisions, cylinder size), basic design, set-up decoration equipment and operating condition. The variables studied were: Density and viscosity of silkscreen ink; Temperature of the ceramic carrier; Production speed; Cylinder pressure on the tile; Blade Pressure on the cylinder; Blade angle of attack and support surface humidity. It was observed that the variables density and viscosity; Decorating speed and variation of blade height on the cylinder are the variables that most affect the tone variation factor within a production. For the three cases studied, none of the incisions resulted in filling and form an ideal decorated dot regarding to the expected geometry and desired for an ideal decoration (spherical points or ellipse) in any of the tested variables. In all cases there is a maximum point reached by the variables studied, which gave a better discharge and consequently a better decoration. In each tone range studied there is a combination of variables which best accomplishes the deposition points on the enamel.
Filmes periféricos e as margens do cinema brasileiro : um estudo de caso a partir do longa-metragem Cartão Postal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-01)
Santos, Yasmin Bidim Pereira dos
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4758060017138002
This work focuses on Brazilian independent cinema and the new paths cinematographers, specially the young ones, are following to make movies. The idea is to observe the new contemporary Brazilian cinema scene and some of its own characteristics, highlighting non traditional subsidezed funds, exhibition and distribution options on alternative channels, such as the internet, film clubs and festivals, as well as aesthetic aspects of its production. Their movies can be understood as peripheric as they may be found outside the scope that includes instutionalized cinema. So 'Cartão Postal' (Josinaldo Medeiros and Wagner Novais, 2011) will be our study case, since it is a movie that can be called peripheric and it is also fit in a specific genre of movie that has been produced on favelas, called cinema de periferia. This movie will be studied on its formal aesthetic dimension as well as on its production strategies, observing how it can fit into some of the main characteristics of this new Brazilian scene.
O gênero fórum de discussão online na formação continuada de orientadores de estudos do PNAIC : caracterização e potencialidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-01)
Ferreira, Larissa de Paula
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3360042596273031
This research aims to investigate in what way the course of continuing education, and more specifically, the discussion in foruns gender conducted online and offered by the National Pact for Literacy in the Age One (PNAIC) / UFSCar contributes to building and reflection of teaching knowledge and literacy of Study advisors (OEs). The function of these advisors is to form literacy teachers for PNAIC, a project that aims to ensure that all children are fully literate by eight. The development of the research took place within the Distance Learning (EaD) in order to discuss about the interactions that occur in the forums offered in the Moodle platform for Advisors´ study. From this ample goal, the research questions were formulated, which consist of: a) How does the discussion forum that environment?; b) How the gender forum provides interaction, and construction of teaching knowledge ?; c) How do the training course and the forum contribute to the digital literacy? The research is guided by theoretical contributions focused on the discursive genre (BAKHTIN,1997; MARCUSCHI, 2002, 2008, 2010), the dialogism (BAKHTIN,1992; 2006), literacy (KLEIMAN, 2005; STREET, 2007; SOARES, 2000) and digital literacy (BUZATO, 2001, 2006; RIBEIRO, 2009; XAVIER, 2007). The research methodology is qualitative and the methodological procedures used include questionnaire analysis, and participant observation. The results suggest that the forum gender causes and encourages interaction between OEs; and apparently it allows for reflection and construction of teaching knowledge; Furthermore the course and the forum contribute to digital literacy, as it implies learning new ways of reading and writing mediated by technological tools, and provides the knowledge / learning of the virtual tool uses, for example, posts of activities and messages.
“Empresta, por favor”?: processos de ensinar e de aprender em brincadeiras de crianças na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-01)
Nicolielo, Maria Elisa
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Sommerhalder, Aline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4258533015353852
Before the great influence that the playfu has in the childhood by providing children to create, to experience new situations, to connect with their peers and to experience elements of culture, it was taken as na ally in education, especially in Young children education as part of many school practices. Thus, this work aimed to know and understand the processes of teaching and learning that occur in the relationships between children and between them and the teacher in the context of play in early childhood education. It also sought to identify how the toy is placed by the children at that time of the play and what roles are as signed by them to that object. We began conducting a literature search in databases and to support us about it, we conducted a theoretical research around topics such as childhood, children, early childhood education in Brazil and playfulness. Qualitative, the research took place with a group of 14 children, having a mean age of 3 years, enrolled in ‘Maternal II’ and their teacher at a public school in kindergarten in the city of Pederneiras - SP. With the approach of conducting research with children, the researcher conducted participant observation, tracking the moment of play that occurred on Fridays, the day the children took his toys to school. Recording the data collection field diaries used and performed the analysis with reference to the content analysis. At the end of the Field research 13 daily were written, one for each insert performed. The authors Who guided the data discussion were: Brougère, Borba, Corsaro, Freire, Rossetti-Ferreira, Sommerhalder; Alves, Carvalho, Kishimoto, Guimarães; Barbosa, Horn, Leontiev and others. The results show that in play children experienced processes of teaching and learning to strengthen the group interaction: knowing how to live and play with each other, lending, trading, deny the request to someone, teach new ways to play, meet other spaces, strengthen friendly relations. When interacting with the toys, children have shown that these objects were essential to their play, being used the way they are or processed according to the imagination or need for the play could occur. When they experience such processes of teaching and learning these children have shown that in the free play, they lived training experiences for life.
Trajetória da política de educação do/no campo em Paraupebas/Pará de 2005 a 2010
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-01)
Silva, Viviane Cardoso
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Lima, Paulo Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0996803052860671
The education developed in the schools in the rural area, historically, has witnessed the ills and the neglect of the public power. The claims for having schools in the rural area can be observed in surveys such as Andrade (1993) and the question of to think the Brazilian education and the schools in accordance to the social reality has been placed in the agenda since the propositions of the representatives of the new school, with the Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Educação Nova of 1932, though very little progress. After a long period of Civil- Military Dictatorship in Brazil and the opening for the political democratization, the social movements, before silenced, were able to reorganize and others were created, most claiming rights, including land reform, which in its essence also brought the problematic of the developed education in the rural schools of the country. Since to question the rural education to the appearance of the new propositions for an education for the field, whether they be field education or education in the field, we had educational policies created from the 2000's, the result of the debates and concessions in the face of these demands. Since 2001, we are studying this construction process of the policies and their relationship with the field schools, in this sense, arose the interest in analyzing the educational reality in the educational system of the city of Parauapebas/Pará and in Brazil, in the master, to understanding how has developed the rural or field education in this town from 2005 to 2010, in the period when the field research was carried out. As a methodology we chose the qualitative research, using of the following proceedings: bibliographical study, documentary and field research with the collection of materials and images, registering photos on some schools and applying semistructured interviews to five subjects, in exercise, that we believe are relevant to the understanding of our object: Department of education, Coordinator of the rural education Sector, Pedagogical Coordinator of the rural education Sector, representative of the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST), representative of the community in which is located the Escola da Pedagogia da Alternância, in addition we collect reports on teachers’ training and in the Escola Jorge Amado, known as Estação Conhecimento created by the Companhia Vale (CV) in one of its properties. As a result we can highlight that although some educational policies for the rural area have been created, still walking at a slow steps as its implementation in this location. The teacher training both in the sense of the valorization and the qualification need to advance, either in the socialization of knowledge historically built by the humanity, or by the historical appropriation of the peasant reality, walking towards the building of a society where the peasant working class and their children have the right to enjoy the benefits provided by the means of production of the society, of their work and of the technological progress. Regarding the schools taken to exemplify the rural schools, it is worth highlighting the importance of the collective construction of the educational process by the school community, as well as, we should observe and supervise private initiatives (such as those undertaken by the Companhia Vale) within the public education, her administration, educational policies and pedagogical training for fighting against privatization processes grounded in the agenda of the capitalist State.
Análise de critérios de seleção de materiais e processos para interiores de aeronaves executivas incorporando aspectos de sustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-02)
Santos, Celise Villa dos
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Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9730558038933472
Materials and processes used to manufacture executive aircraft interiors play an important role in aesthetic and competitive product differentiation, in a scenario where there is growing competition and pressures for more sustainable products. It has been observed that the selection of these materials and processes, in the early stages of product development, has introduced limited measures to reduce costs and environmental improvements in manufacturing, which is reflected in the scientific literature available. This research addresses procedures for materials and processes selection including these factors, as well as other customer and aeronautical design requirements, which requires specialized information and methods of analysis established for this approach of priorities. The aim was to evaluate the current materials and processes and identify new opportunities, looking for a strategy to improve the selection methodology, as a contribution to greater integration design - materials - processes. The main analytical tool used was Value Stream Mapping, associating concepts of lean manufacturing, design for manufacturing and assembly, ecodesign and product lifecycle. Mapping applied to case studies involving an item of furniture was suitable to draw closer environmental requirements and manufacturing prospecting activities, as well as selecting materials and processes. The research also explored solutions filed on patents and knowledge from other industrial sectors which were in line with the opportunities. One example is biopolymer solid panels reinforced with natural fibres, as substitutes for structural materials produced from non-renewable and toxic sources, which require adding resins to reinforce and close the honeycomb core. There was synergy between the possible solutions aimed at improving the economic performance and environmental sustainability of the product, such as ultraviolet radiation curable resins to finish the panels.