Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2015-12-14"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9

Agricultura orgânica do estado do Espírito Santo : diversidade e comercialização de seus produtos na região metropolitana de Vitória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Sposito, Elaine Caliman; Abreu, Lucimar Santiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7025928931374268; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2444636413607167
This study presents an analysis of the diversity of forms on organic food production commercialization in Vitoria (ES), and the discussion about this research theme. The goal is to understand how and under which conditions the market valorizes the local production, strengthening the ecological family production and the food sovereignty. The research methodology took into consideration quantitative and qualitative data, utilizing available public information and data acquired in field research. The evaluation shows that organic products are commercialized by direct sales, in organic outdoor markets and fair markets, and by indirect sales in supermarkets, specialized stores and restaurants. Among the evaluated commercialization channels, were the organic product outdoor markets that showed a greater product diversity, in addition to a better price, which were up to five times lower than in the supermarkets. Furthermore, organic product prices, when compared to the equivalent conventional ones, always showed higher values in indirect sales. However, among conventional and organic street markets, organic products prices were higher, equal or smaller than their conventional equivalents. Therefore, it concludes that this commercialization channel valorizes the organic family production, promoting the empowerment of family producers and the access to healthful alimentation for local consumers.
As diretrizes curriculares nacionais e os projetos políticos pedagógicos dos cursos públicos de enfermagem do Estado de São Paulo : conquistas e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Arruda, Graciane Netto Cardoso; Silva, Roseli Ferreira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8525638483100858; Sampaio, Sueli Fatima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737750473446351; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8294110648550362
The National Curriculum Guidelines for the Nursing Course 2001 DCN-ENF, constitute a general pattern of guidance for the development of curricula and the political-pedagogical projects (PPP), which should be adopted by all higher education institutions (HEIs ) Nursing, posting autonomy in its construction, deployment and implementation. After the publication of the DCN-ENF, seeing expected of professional features, the IES have sought to incorporate them into their PPP Undergraduate Nursing, aiming to prepare students with critical and reflective thinking, who can work in teams, to live together, share knowledge in order transform the process of education, a close relationship between theory and practice in a dynamic movement, establishing itself as praxis. The study aimed to analyze the political-pedagogical projects of Nursing Graduation Courses for Public Institutions of the State of São Paulo, according to the DCN. To achieve the proposed objective was constructed and validated an instrument named "Analytical Matrix", providing an analysis of the achievements and challenges facing the PPP DCNENF 2001. The research is qualitative in nature and for data collection was conducted document analysis of the data contained the PPP. The documents reviewed were the PPP of public nursing schools in the state of São Paulo. The analysis was conducted from two areas: Professional Profile and Curricular. The results showed an achievement of the documents analyzed in relation to the professional profile and a challenge to the incorporation of the curriculum.
Bactérias como agentes de controle de Phytophthora nicotianae e como promotoras de crescimento de porta-enxertos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Giassi, Valdionei; Kupper, Katia Cristina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6089619502743637
The microbial community plays an essential role in maintaining the ecological balance of soil. Interactions between microorganisms and plants have a major influence on the nutrition and health of the latter, and growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be used to improve plant development through a wide range of mechanisms. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate bacteria as biological control agents to Phytophthora nicotianae and as growthpromoting agents for citrus rootstocks. Altogether were evaluated 30 bacterial isolates, 11 Bacillus spp., 11 actinobacteria, and 8 lactic acid bacteria. For P. nicotianae control tests at first was performed an bioassay with alfalfa seedling in order to select the most promising bacterial isolates for the biocontrol and, posteriorly, the best isolates were applied in Sunki mandarin (Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tan), and rangpur (Citrus × limonia Osbeck) by seeds and substrate microbiolization methods. It was evaluated the number of surviving plants, at 90 days after sowing and inoculation. The same Isolates also were evaluated in vitro for indoleacetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen (N) fixation. In vivo testing consisted of growth promotion trials of the bacterial isolates that yielded the best results on in vitro tests with three rootstocks: Swingle citrumelo [Citrus × paradisi Macfad cv. Duncan × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.], Sunki mandarin and rangpur. The parameters of interest were height, number of leaves, stem diameter, shoot and root dry mass, and total dry mass at 150 days after germination. The results showed that alfalfa seedling bioassay vi was able to evaluate the potential for biocontrol of bacterial isolates against to P. nicotianae, BL06 and BL12 (both lactic acid bacteria) showed potential to be used as biocontrol agents of disease, independently from the application method. BM16 and CPMO4 were able to promote growth of Swingle citrumelo. In Sunki mandarin plants, the best treatment results were obtained with BM17 (Bacillus sp.) and ACT11 (actinobacteria). For Rangpur lime rootstock, only BM05 (Bacillus sp.) was able to promote increase in two parameters assessed, height and number of leaves.
Engenharia de defeitos em semicondutores de gap largo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Herval, Leonilson Kiyoshi Sato de; Godoy, Marcio Peron Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2609654784637427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5725850954671583
Defects play a fundamental issue on physical properties of wide bandgap semiconductors (WBS) due to the possibility of application in high temperature. This work shows the features of the defects in di erent kind of WBS grown/synthesized by solid state reaction, Pechini method and Molecular Beam Epitaxy. First we investigated the structural and optical properties of erbium- and manganese-doped strontium aluminates (SrAl2O4). The fundamental optical transitions due to Er3+ and Mn2+ are typical features of the well-diluted doping process. A signi cant enhancement of the Er3+ optical emission band at 1530 nm was observed when the matrix is co-doped with Mn. A model of energy transfer mechanism from Mn2+ to Er3+ is proposed to explain the experimental results. We present also the e ect of preparation and annealing conditions on the properties of Nb2O5. The increase of oxygen vacancies causes an inrreversible phase transition from pseudohexagonal to orthorhombic phase, and they are responsible for the increase in the e ective magnetic moments related to paramagnetic behavior. Finally, we explore the e ects of the interfaces imperfections of quantum wells of cubic GaN alloys. An indication of localized states in low temperature is observed. A decrease of this e ects happens when we increase the number of interfaces. Furthermore, magneto-PL measurements show a higher spin polarizations in the donor-acceptor impurities in the bulk of c-GaN corroborate for the importance of the defects. This work shows that the defects engineering in WBS are fundametal for developing new technologies in spintronics and optoelectronic eld.
Transporte eletrônico em filmes ultrafinos nanoestruturados : o sistema SNO2:SB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Conti, Tiago de Goes; Chiquito, Adenilson José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7087360072774314; Leite, Edson Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2091351741982251
This thesis describes a study of the electronic charge transport properties in antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) ultrathin films, prepared by two different methods: by colloidal deposition process (CDP) and by pulsed electron deposition (PED). In order to determine the ultrathin films electronic transport mechanism properties and to elaborate a model for this mechanism, microstructural analysis and electrical characterization were carried out. The samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (DRX), transmission electron microscopy operating in high resolution (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), ellipsometry, electrical resistivity measurements were made using the four-point probe approach from 20 to 300K and Hall effect measurements were made at room temperature. Regarding the CDP, DRX and HRTEM show nanocrystals with the cassiterite phase, highly crystalline nanoparticles and average crystal size of 6.5x4.4 nm. The FEG-SEM and AFM images indicate a crack-free deposition, constant thickness over the substrate cross-section and low roughness. Moreover, the electrical properties evaluation suggest that the experimental data fits the bi-dimensional Mott’s Law and that the electron hopping is in the order of the nanoparticles size. Concerning the PED, DRX indicates only the cassiterite phase structure and a preferential thin film growth at [110] direction, the FEG-SEM and AFM images show a homogeneous deposition and that the thickness is constant over the substrate cross-section, with low roughness. Besides, electrical characterization reveals a metal-semiconductor transition, that the experimental data fits the tridimensional Mott’s Law and that the electron hopping is in the order of the nanoparticles size. Thus, it is proposed that the charge transport mechanism obey the Mott’s Law, which occurs through the nanocrystals surfaces, i.e., the electron hooping occurs at preferential facets where there is Sb segregation.
Logística de distribuição com restrições de reabastecimento : um estudo de caso em uma empresa de laticínios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Lima, Rayra Brandão de; Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202201560058916; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2378039150116325
The Brazilian market for dairy products is highly competitive and is still dominated by multinationals. Thus, it's essential that the national companies to invest in operational efficiency in order to compete successfully. Therefore, this research focuses in a small dairy company of the state of Pará, whose distribution system requires periodic stops for battery recharging. Moreover, the system is characterized by multiple periods and multiple time windows. To our knowledge, so far the literature hasn't presented a directly applicable methodology for the treatmeant of the application with similar characteristics. Therefore, aiming to provide more effective solutions than the ones in practice, a mixed integer linear model was developed to describe (and solve) the problem as a vehicle routing problem with time window constraints, multi-period and periodic stops for recharging. The results showed that the model adequately describes the distribution of the company, and the obtained solutions are better than those currently practiced. Furthermore, the model shows good performance within 3600 seconds of computational time for instances of 40 customers, 1 vehicle and 1 and 2 recharging stations. Aiming to tackle with larger examples, we developed a mathematical programming heuristic Relax-and-Fix to solve the model. It was also tested adapting a similar model present in the literature in order to analyze if the relaxation of some restrictions have a positive impact on the quality of the solutions. Finally, we propose a location-distribution model for recharging stations in order to examine whether the addition of new stations produce significant improvements in the solutions.
Análise de cenários em indústrias de processo usando simulação discreta : uma aplicação em uma indústria de nutrição animal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Maurício, Gabriel Campos; Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389
The quest for increased productivity has become a mantra repeated ad nauseam in many companies immersed in a globalized market. In this context, many computational techniques have becoming more popular, gaining followers, aiding and refining the process of decision-making. Among the various techniques available, the discrete event simulation stands out, as it allows studying the behavior of systems, real or not, in various conditions, allowing hypotheses to be tested without physical and financial resources are used. In the case of the animal feed industry, this technique becomes a very important tool, especially in the short term planning which involves the management of the floor operations. The animal feed industry is part of the agribusiness chain, and as such, has its inputs internationally listed, commodities, thus effectively managing its installed capacity is a strategic advantage for differentiation before the market needs in terms of cost, time and quality. In this sense, the objective of this study was to develop a discrete simulation model to assist the decision-making process on increasing the rate of bagging an animal feed industry, located in the state of São Paulo. For this study it has been used the Arena® software, Rockwell Software, and as a method of research modeling and simulation, and the simulation model development stages followed the methodology proposed by Law and Kelton (2000) and Banks (2010). Data were always collected with the same operator at the same time. As a result of simulation of the proposed model was possible to analyze different scenarios, assessing the dynamics of the system and with the performance indicators the equipment utilization rate, the amount of products produced and the consumption of electricity and natural gas per ton of product produced. Whereas the use of discrete simulation in animal feed industry belonging to the process industry and with hybrid production process, could be used due to the approach proposed by Spieckmann and Stobbe (2012).
Evolsys: um ambiente de configuração e análise de algoritmos evolutivos para sintonia da base de regras fuzzy do sistema de controle de um FMS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Santana, Maykon Rocha; Morandin Júnior, Orides; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9437028723564473
In recent years, companies have used Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to facilitate the decisionmaking process in manufacturing systems. The use of these techniques allows increased performance of Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS). The automation of the process using computational resources allows a deeper analysis of the system conditions, which sometimes result in a better decision taking. In this sense, the Fuzzy Logic has been engaged to carry out this task, because it has the characteristic of dealing easily with inaccurate information and encoding knowledge specialist in Fuzzy rules. However, as soon as the system complexity increases, the task of generating a Fuzzy Rule Base (FRB) appropriate to the proposed system becomes increasingly difficult. To assist this process of generation of the FRB, several techniques can be used and among them stand out the search technique called Evolutionary Algorithm (EA). The EA is used, for example, for tuning the FRB of the FMS through the reduction of the optimization variables values as Makespan or Tardiness. In the case of variable called Makespan, the tuning occurs when the EA generates an FRB that reduces the makespan values of a FMS. However, the construction of the EA that effectively generates a tuning FRB is not trivial. It is required to be in the process, the construction of various EA with different selection methods and different mutation rates among other settings until an appropriate EA for a given situation appears. Therefore, in this study we aim to build an environment configuration and performance analysis of EAs in order to define the tuning FRB of the Fuzzy Control System of an FMS, i.e., it is intended to investigate how the EA ideal parameter scenario used for tuning the FRB of the said control system. In this study, the used EA was an extension of Genetic Algorithm (GA). For implementing the proposal, an evolutionary system for configuration and analysis of this variant of the GA was created. In this system, entitled "EvolSys - Evolutionary System" parameters of the system as Number of Input Variables of FRB, Number of Output Variables of FRB, Population Size, Mutation Rate and the EA Crossover Rate, among others are configured and then, one FRB is generated. Using this, there is an EA analysis of the possibility for choosing a FRB that will provide the reduction of makespan in FMS. Consequently, through this study, we may conclude that the use of EAs in collaboration with Fuzzy system may become an important tool for turning the system responsibility to the sequences of an FMS operation. Accordingly, the environment created meets the configuration step and analysis of EAs.
Discutindo sobre a violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo na gestação : desfechos relacionados à saúde materno-infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015-12-14) Bardassi, Tatiana; Figueiredo, Wagner dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5780408703746760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5443520021142122
Violence is a current topic, and violence perpetrated by intimate partners is growing concern of social, legal, and health policy. The subject is already configured a public health problem, considering the physical and emotional harm caused to the victim, and study data refer to women victims of domestic violence seeking up to six times more for the health service. Pregnancy can be an increase of the risk of violence against women according to some studies, can change the default for the frequency and severity during this period or even be initiated at this stage of a woman's life. Still, this type of violence ends up in invisibility in health services, and can cause risks to maternal and fetal health. Objective: To discuss the scientific production in Brazil in the period 2010 to 2015 regarding the children's maternal outcomes during gestation and postpartum women victims of violence perpetrated by an intimate partner. Methods: We used the scientific literature integrative review with cover articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish available in CINAHL databases, Scielo and BVS published in the periods 2010-2015 through descriptors in Portuguese and English "violence against women and pregnancy "," domestic violence and pregnancy. " Results: There was negative repercussions resulting from VPI, the analyzed studies bring these can affect both the pregnancy, such as puerperal, with higher occurrence of risk among women with unplanned pregnancy, abortion practice, presenting also high rates of gestational and postpartum depression, at high risk of suicide, poor quality in prenatal care, Fetal death (neo and postnatal) and increased risk of low birth weight. Conclusion: The knowledge of these data IPV during pregnancy by health professionals can help prevent negative outcomes for women's health and fetal development, and must become concrete action of primary care and specialized in prenatal care.