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Modelos de regressão linear heteroscedásticos com erros t-Student: uma abordagem bayesiana objetiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Souza, Aline Campos Reis de; Cancho, Vicente Garibay; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1026084833654918
In this work , we present an extension of the objective bayesian analysis made in Fonseca et al. (2008), based on Je reys priors for linear regression models with Student t errors, for which we consider the heteroscedasticity assumption. We show that the posterior distribution generated by the proposed Je reys prior, is proper. Through simulation study , we analyzed the frequentist properties of the bayesian estimators obtained. Then we tested the robustness of the model through disturbances in the response variable by comparing its performance with those obtained under another prior distributions proposed in the literature. Finally, a real data set is used to analyze the performance of the proposed model . We detected possible in uential points through the Kullback -Leibler divergence measure, and used the selection model criterias EAIC, EBIC, DIC and LPML in order to compare the models.
Currículo escrito e a história da Educação Física no Brasil (1896-1945)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Silva, Ribamar Nogueira da; Rafante, Heulália Charalo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400069245718101; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6701042617732633
This study, conducted from bibliographical research with primary sources, deals with the relationship between curriculum and history of Physical Education in Brazil, in First Brazilian Republic (1889-1930) and Vargas Era (1930-1945) periods. Initially, it presents an analysis of the Comenius' Didactica Magna, Society of Jesus' Ratio Studiorum and Brothers of Christian Schools' Conduite des écoles chrétiennes, as historical landmarks of modern curriculum. Then it brings the debate about the Traditional, Critical and Post-Critical theories of curriculum, in particular, the brazilian's Physical Education curriculum. Further, based on authors of the curriculum field of study and using an historical perspective, it delimits the concept of written curriculum. Using that concept, it identified written curriculum manifestations in the concrete reality of Brazilian education. As it approaches the relationships involved in the historical production of the curriculum, it defines two temporal cut. The first, from Arthur Higgins' Compendio de gymnastica e jogos escolares publish (1896) to 1929, date in which the so-called French method was introduced in civil Physical Education, becoming mandatory in all educational institutions in Brazil. The second, Regulamento (N° 7) da Educação Física (Método Francês) publish (1932) until the year 1945, characterized by weakening of French doctrine and military ideas, which mark the end of the Vargas Era. Finally, it concludes that Higgins' Compendio is a watershed in the history of Brazilian Physical Education curriculum, because it has the kind of modern curriculum development, based in Traditional Curriculum features in development in the first decades of the twentieth century. This study also affirms that the Regulamento (No. 7) was produced in complementary relationship to the Revista da Educação Física, a fact that reveals one of the ways in which the curriculum of the Brazilian Physical Education developed in that historical period.
Hidrólise enzimática na fabricação de melado de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Emídio, João Expedito; Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684; Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6906636042594572
The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of sugar cane syrups using enzymes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from bakery yeast. The effect of theconcentration of yeast, reaction time and temperature for the hydrolysis of crystal sugar solution (VHP) in the physico-chemical properties and sucrose inversion rate were evaluated. Subsequently, the selected parameters were applied in order to hydrolyze sugarcane juice from three different seasons of the year. Finally, the optimized parameters were used to produce the syrups and their physico-chemical and sensory properties were compared to the syrup produced without sucrose hydrolysis. Physico-chemical analyzes showed percentage of total soluble solids (TSS), varying between 74.60 and 76.37%, reducing sugars (RS) between 12.00 and 27.54%, total reducing sugars (TRS) from 67.92 to 70.34%, pH between 4.95 and 4.97, sucrose inversion rate between 14.40 to 39.35%, water activity of 0.75 to 0.78 and instrumental color (L*, a*, b* parameters) from 21.50 to 24.61, 1.04 to 2.45, and 1.12 to 4.53, respectively. The attributes obtained from descriptive quantitative analysis (QDA) were color, brightness, sugarcane syrup and yeast aroma, sweet and acid taste, viscosity. The untreated syrup was the least preferred. Results indicate a viable and low cost solution for syrup production with a reducing sugar content of about 30%, ensuring a better stability in relation to sucrose crystallization, which is frequently associated as a negative aspect of product quality.
Estudos sobre a síntese de derivados do tipo benzoclorinas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Souza, Juliana Maria de; Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7145803000597713
Herein, studies about the synthesis of new benzochlorin derivatives were carried out aiming at the preparation of compounds with special photophysical properties, such absorption bands between the visible and near infrared region. The main synthetic approach was planned to start from the formylated pyrrole (i) in order to obtain the compound (ii) as a precursor for the synthesis of chlorins. Subsequent oxidation was also planned to give the corresponding benzochlorins (iii) (Scheme iv)... continua no texto
Comparação entre diferentes estratégias de melhoria visando à redução do lead time
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Utiyama, Marcel Heimar Ribeiro; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5129604131044309
The focus in time is the cornerstone of modern manufacturing management approaches; among them the Time Based Competition (TBC) and the Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM). Lead time reduction brings significant gains which are obtained by means of improvements in the shop floor variables. To make improvements in these variables, managers need to choose the best way to invest his limited financial resources. This work look for the best strategy regarding the improvement in time to repair, time between failures and setup time: To perform improvements focused on mean, variability or eliminate the worst cases. The main focus of this work is the worst case strategy, it means, to find the situations in which this strategy is the best option. To perform this comparison a modeling/simulation was conducted and the three variables addressed in this work were modeled using the normal and lognormal probability distributions. Results show that for situations with moderate and high variability the worst case strategy is the best improvement option. We believe this strategy can bring significant benefits and it is probably less costly and easier to implement. For low variability situations we find that the mean strategy is the best option. In addition for this case, for two variables (time to repair and setup time) the worst case strategy is a good alternative for situations which it is not possible to reduce the mean of these variables. For the time to failure, the only good option remains the mean strategy.
Funcionalização e caracterização do carbon black vulcan XC–72R para aplicações em biossensores baseados em inibição enzimática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Redín, Glenda Gisela Ibáñez; Fatibello Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9781894367315522
In this work, carbon black Vulcan XC-72R was functionalized using five different treatments, the oxidizing agents employed were: nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The physical characterization of functionalized samples was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results suggested that the treatments did not significantly alter the morphology of the material in most cases and showed an increase in the number of defects attributed to the introduction of oxygenated functional groups. Glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) were modified with aqueous dispersions of materials in dihexadecyl hydrogen phosphate (DHP). For the electrochemical characterization of the electrodes were performed studies of cyclic voltammetry employing the probe potassium hexacyanoferrate (III). For all cases there was an increase in the electroactive area as a result of the functionalization. Subsequently, the response of the electrodes to different analytes (dopamine, catechol, paracetamol and hydroquinone) was evaluated, the electrode modified in a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid 1:1 (CB–HNO3/H2SO41:1–DHP/GCE) showed the highest analytical signal for the different compounds tested. Calibration curves were constructed for the determination of dopamine using the GCE electrode, the electrode prepared with unmodified CB (CB–DHP/GCE) and the CB–HNO3/H2SO41:1–DHP/GCE electrode, the sensitivities of the analytical curves (angular coefficients of the analytical curves) were: 0.334, 3.65 and 6.54 A cm−2 L mol−1, respectively. These results show a significant increase in sensitivity as a result of the functionalization xvii of CB suggesting an advantage over the use of unmodified material for electroanalytical applications. Then, an analytical procedure for the determination of sodium benzoate (sodium salt of benzoic acid) based on enzyme inhibition was developed, where the tyrosinase enzyme was immobilized at the surface of the CB– HNO3/H2SO41:1–DHP/GCE electrode (biosensor). Studies of the inhibition mechanism and optimization of operating conditions were performed. The corresponding analytical curves had linear concentration ranges between 4.90 × 10−7 and 1.92 × 10−5 mol L−1 and a detection limit of 2.1 × 10−7 mol L−1.
Recursos de tecnologia assistiva digital para pessoas com deficiência sensorial : uma análise na perspectiva educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Oliveira, Camila Dias de; Mill, Daniel Ribeiro Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1515286597269486; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0176951751504724
Aiming to overcome various barriers faced by disabled people, new standards and laws were created in recent years. Therefore, the concepts of accessibility and inclusion have been more present currently. One of the main rights of people with disabilities refers to the right to education, once this right could provide a citizen to participate more actively in the social context. It was noted that nowadays, the basis of this challenge for accessibility and inclusion, is the potentiality of Digital Technologies of Information and Communication. Thus, this research aims to identify and characterize the role and the use of Digital Assistive Technology resources in education for people with sensory impairment. It was considerated for the proposed analysis, four specific objectives: identify and analyze possible benefits / advantages, challenges / strategies and difficulties / limitations faced by users of assistive technology resources at the institutions analyzed; map and categorize Brazilian initiatives on the use of assistive technology resources to form (or easier) access to scientific knowledge for people with sensory impairment; propose a taxonomic matrix for classification and evaluation of assistive software dedicated for people with visual or hearing impairments; and finally, analyze the role of Assistive Technology for democratization of scientific knowledge of citizens with visual and hearing impairments. The methodology used to achieve the proposed objectives were based in the following approaches: collecting data (bibliographical research, bibliometric study, online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews), Digital Assistive Technologies survey and taxonomic matrix with assistive software. Results highlight some points: although the focus theme of this research is of great importance to disabled people education, there are few scientific studies that deal with this issue; the majority (91.30% - 21) of the specialized institutions in the visual or hearing impairments uses assistive technology resources in its educational activities; the number of Digital Assistive Technologies that can be used in the education of visually impairments people is higher compared to hearing impairments.
Análise da pressão de interface em três almofadas para cadeiras de rodas em sujeitos com lesão medular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Mendes, Paulo Vinicius Braga; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3235552225620976
Introduction: Pressure ulcers (PU) are common complications in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). The peak pressure on the ischial region in individuals with SCI are higher than those found in subjects without physical disabilities and this fact is justified by sensitivity, motor and vasomotor changes. Objective: To compare the pressure distribution on the seat of the wheelchair of subjects with SCI using 3 different types of cushions (Roho®, Varilite® and Varilite®). Methodology: we selected 10 participants of both genders with SCI (n=05 tetraplegia and n=05 paraplegia). The analysis of the pressure on the seat was performed during two different situations: with the participant sitting in static posture and another step using the wheelchair for locomotion. Results: For the first step to Jay® showed the best rates for average pressure and also the contact area (p<0,001), the Roho® showed the best index for peak pressure (p<0,002). In the step with the wheelchair moving, Jay® showed the best average pressure (p<0,001), the Roho® had the lowest average for the peak pressure (p<0,002), and Varilite® provided the highest means for the contact area of the buttocks and thighs (p<0,006). All cushions evaluated showed lower values to those considered risk factors for PU, ratifying the importance of its use for the prevention. Conclusion: The use of cushions are effective measures to aid in the prevention of PU in people with SCI, but do not replace other ways of prevention. There is the need for proper cushion calibration and guidance on its use to get the desired effects.
Organizações de e para pessoas com deficiência no município de São Carlos – SP : tecendo fios de histórias, conquistas e desafios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Silva, Ana Cristina Cardoso da; Oliver, Fátima Corrêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1370450030646953; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671160059702308
As a result of the military regime, Brazil was the stage for the different protagonists of civil society and its social movements, fighting for democratisation of the country and by the exercise of citizenship. People with disabilities were not alien to these processes and were important characters in this context of redemocratization of the country struggles for social rights, civil and political rights, in addition to the search for social visibility and autonomy in driving the own path of life. These movements also occurred in a scenario of institutions for rehabilitation of philanthropic and other associations while spaces of coexistence and solidarity and support to deal with issues relating to disability. When considering the social movements of people with disabilities and their organizations as important interlocutors of social control, for the construction of alternatives for assistance and struggle for rights, this study aimed to identify how they have acted in the conquest and exercise of human rights organizations, associations and groups of and for people with disabilities, present in São Carlos, SP. In addition, we sought to recognize what is the contribution of occupational therapists, inserted in these organizations in the conquest of the rights of persons with disabilities. Participated of the study a group of parents, two NGOs, three associations, a Pastoral and the Municipal Council of the disabled person. In the development of the research, semistructured interviews with the coordinators and presidents, in order to identify the organizations, the services and actions developed; the participant observation of some meetings, meetings and assemblies and documental research of the conferences in the sector of municipal education, health and social assistance and the Statute, folders and primers, produced by the organizations, as well as the laws and decrees prevailing in municipal and national scope. Also it was performed a punctual interview with occupational therapists, with the purpose of analyzing the role of the profession in this scenario of struggles and construction of assistance. The methods were supported by roadmaps and by the field diary. The records were guided by conceptions of the health area on the social control and the theoretical assumptions of Hannah Arendt on private and public space and the political action of individuals. The data were organized in two major categories of analysis: the trajectory of the movement to fight for the rights of people with disabilities in São Carlos, SP and the Council of the Rights of the person with disabilities in regional scenario, and the respective subcategories. It was found a potential of entities in the provision of services, by the provision of assistive technology and conquest of social rights. However, there is a fragile network of articulation between them and with other equipment and social institutions, for the development of collective actions and the exercise of social control. In addition, social and political participation of people with disabilities is also weakened or nonexistent. Many of them still remain in the private space of their homes and without access to essential rights.
Características da identidade do mentor em construção: Programa de Formação Online de Mentores da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-18) Gobato, Paula Grizzo; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1814877535345737
The main objective of this research is to characterize elements of personal and professional development and participation in the proposed training process that may have influenced the construction of teacher identity and mentor identity of professionals in training on Online Mentor Education Program. Specifically, it also seeks to answer the following research questions: which aspects possibly relates to the construction of mentors identity throughout his personal history, work and participation in the Online Training Program Mentors? Which specific, pedagogical and about the mentor function knowledge, components of teacher identity, are presented by mentors that will help them to play their new role? The program has, as its main objective, to train experienced teachers in mentors for follow up and support early career teachers in their anguish and features needs that characterize this stage. The theoretical framework on which it has based this research take into account teacher education and its characteristics; the stages of teaching profession and teachers professional development; teaching continuing education in their different contexts, such as courses, self-education and training within the school; teacher identity and its components; experienced teachers; processes of mentoring, mentors and their knowledge; considerations of distance education, online teacher education and virtual learning environments. The research was guided on a qualitative approach, with the data analysis supported by the descriptive-interpretative and biographical-narrative methodology. Data collection occurred in the selected participants production and activities carried out in the Online Mentor Education Program, featuring a documentary analysis. Data were organized in NVIVO, software that helps quantitative analisis with data organization. After this organization, data were classified manualy in the categories with NVIVO, inserted in frames and subsequently the creation of subcategories and the reclassification of the data, it results in frames that were analysed. The results indicate various aspects of personal and professional background of the participants, as his childhood and schooling, difficulties in their early careers, assistance from peers, continuing education courses, among others that possibly are related to the construction of their professional identity and hence may affect their identity as mentors. In addition, the mentors have a solid knowledge base, however, that does not identify an established mentor identity. In this way, it is possible to observe that it is under construction as it is dynamic. Mentors have a knowledge base that enables them to start mentor actions, in order to help beginning teachers and arrange his own development as a mentor.