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Detecção de agrupamento de microcalcificações em imagens de mamogramas digitalizados usando a transformada wavelet complexa de árvore dupla
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Sá, Amandia de Oliveira
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Ferrari, Ricardo José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1864952988214269
Mammography is considered the “gold standard"in the early detection of breast cancer, being this disease one of the greatest health problems of women worldwide. Clustered microcalcifications detected on mammograms are very important findings in asymptomatic patients with early breast cancer and may be considered one of the first signs of malignancy. However, due to the small size of these structures, associated with the visual fatigue of radiologists resulting from the analysis of a large volume of images, clinical studies indicate that from 10 to 30% of microcalcifications presented in mammograms are lost during diagnosis. Within this scenario, this master thesis aims to develop an automatic system for the detection of clustered microcalcifications in digitized mammography images. To solve this problem, we use the transformed dua-three complex wavelet to detect the microcalsifications since this technique has some important characteristics for the signal analysis, for instance, good directional selectivity, approximate shift invariance and it provides both information - magnitude and phase. After the detection of isolated microcalcifications, a post-processing step is used to automatically demarcate regions containing clusters of microcalcifications. Furthermore, three techniques were investigated for the analysis of each clustered detection in order to identify false-positive clusters, such as: the Hessian matrix, the groups exclusion and the gray level co-occurrence matrix technique and SVM classifiers. For the development and testing of the algorithms one digitized mammogram database were used. The analysis of the results were performed by using ROC and FROC curves. The method achieved good results when compared to the mark made by experts.
Atributos biológicos da qualidade do solo em diferentes sistemas de cultivo do cafeeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Guimarães, Nathalia de França
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6049257700772305
The fauna invertebrate epigeic, as well as biomass and microbial activity are shown efficient indicator of soil quality, because they have high sensitivity to changes in the environment. The sensitivity of these biological attributes of the soil plays a fundamental role in the assessment of anthropogenic activities, with a tool to monitor soil quality. The objective of the study was to evaluate the quality of the soil, using as biomarkers to epigeic invertebrate fauna, biomass and microbial activity in different coffee cultivation systems. The study was conducted in 2015 at a private estate in the municipality of Santo Antônio do Jardim, SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks in split plot in time, with five repetitions. The treatments consisted of three coffee cultivation systems and two witnesses areas: 1) Coffee in consortium with tree and Urochloa cv. decumbens species; 2) Coffee in consortium with Urochloa cv. decumbens; 3) Coffee in exclusive culture; 4) area with ground fallow and 5) native vegetation fragment. The bioindicators were evaluated in two periods, the first in April and the second in July 2015. To evaluate the epigeica invertebrate fauna were installed in the center of each area five pitfall traps ("pitfall"), totaling 25 traps. The characterization of epigeica invertebrate animals was made based on the taxonomic composition (%); density (number of individuals); richness (number of groups); Shannon diversity index; evenness index of Pielou. The microbial biomass was evaluated by collecting soil samples at depth 0,0 to 0,10 m. The variables evaluated were: microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration, metabolic quotient, microbial quotient and soil organic carbon. It was evaluated also the accumulation of litter (t ha-1) and soil moisture (kg kg- 1). The collection dates only influenced epigeic invertebrate fauna. As for the vii coffee cultivation systems and witnesses influenced all biological attributes of soil quality in this study. The native vegetation fragment system shows the more diverse and more complex plant, and favoured the development of biological attributes soil quality (abundance of organisms on frequency of taxonomic groups, microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration and microbial quotient), followed by Coffee wooded and Urochloa cv. decumbens, fallow, Coffee intercropped with Urochloa cv. decumbens, Coffee in exclusive culture.
Os limites das políticas públicas/estatais para o campo hoje e a possibilidade de uma superação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Goldschmidt, Mírian Helena
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0639221738772076
What are public / state policies? What is the necessary understanding to think public / state policies for rural education? What is rural? What is urban? What criteria to use to conceptualize what is rural and what is urban? What questions are appropriate for this debate? To answer these questions, this paper aims to study public / state policies and, therefore define what state and its actions to play as such and also submit that rural and urban, far from being just geographical areas are different social content, but are not watertight and not dichotomous, on the contrary, to be able to grasp all of its contents, you must understand their relationship as a complex, as a continuity. The rural and urban reproduce a concrete social reality, are part of the same society. From this idea, thinking the continuity of relations, a complex, between rural and urban, we need to rethink public / state policies developed educational, surpassing the idea of dichotomy, simple separation between these spaces. That is, if they are not watertight spaces that can not be thought of separately, so the public / state policies should be developed articulately. Affirm this need for joint, is not discount that rural and urban have their specificities, but it is understood that these are only felt in full, as are parts of the same society, unlike the Field of Education points. Likewise takes education as public / state policies must be universal and meet the whole of society. literature on the subject and document analysis was conducted from a historical materialist perspective.
Aprendizagem e desenvolvimento profissional da docência em um espaço híbrido de formação : o terceiro espaço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Cardoso, Luciana Cristina
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5598106857926724
This research aimed to analyze the limits and contributions of a hybrid space, the 3rd Space, understood as dialogue environment between students of Pedagogy - of distance learning programs -, experienced Elementary School teachers, mentors of the initial years of Middle School Education and University researchers / academic advisors, aiming at learning the teaching profession and the professional development of teachers. Specifically, the intent was to analyze construction processes of knowledge needed for the exercise of pedagogical practices in varied school contexts; to understand how knowledge and skills are integrated, providing the knowledge base for teaching; and to understand if a hybrid space supports the articulation of knowledge of various natures in favor of learning the teaching profession. The theoretical framework comprised: initial and continuing teacher training; learning the teaching profession and professional development; knowledge base; university-school partnership; hybrid spaces of training and written narratives, their main authors being Veenman, Shulman, Cavaco, Garcia, Mizukami, Zeichner, Vaughan, Penã and Allegretti. A constructive-collaborative approach was used (COLE; KNOWLES, 2003) for research and intervention. The data collection instruments were written narratives (VAZ; MENDES; MAUÉS, 2001) prepared by the participants, and the analysis took place in a procedural manner, based on the knowledge model for teaching as a main reference (SHULMAN, 1987, 2005), and the profession and professional teaching as categories that are both complementary and revealing of the specifics of the teacher's work (NÓVOA, 1999; CONTRERAS, 2002; ROLDÃO, 2007). The in-depth analyses were made from the study of multiple cases (EZPELETA, 1984; LUDKE; ANDRÉ 1986; MAZZOTTI, 2006), arising from professional apprenticeships of teaching three dyads (mentor / undergraduate student), one of which is active in the Early Years of Middle School, and the other two in Elementary School. Analyses indicated that learning to teach and being a teacher are processes that are enhanced throughout life, highly influenced by previous experiences - be they formal or informal - related to the teaching profession and the specific contexts of action. It was suggested that the formative demand for the teaching practice for Elementary School and Early Years of Middle School focused on the process involving the mastery of general pedagogical knowledge. Additionally, little ability to plan educational interventions consistent with the needs of children was identified, even when dealing with experienced teachers. As a training space, the virtual learning environment (VLE) created with the development of research and called 3rd Space revealed itself as a viable tool for the articulation between the knowledge derived from their participants (mentors, undergraduate students and researchers / academic advisors) and for strengthening the links between the university and teachers' work reality. While articulating relations between theory and practice, the hybrid space potentiated the reflective exercise, especially in the case of undergraduate students; however, it faced some difficulties due to the exclusive use of written narratives, predominantly in the case of experienced teachers (mentors).
O audiovisual educativo no Brasil : um estudo de caso sobre a produção dos conteúdos digitais para o PNLD 2014
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Divardin, Danielle de Carla
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3438363871986461
We are living in a special moment of changes in the processes of communication, acquisition and production of knowledge provided by technological advances in information technology and telecommunications. The new forms of perception and building of knowledge have a direct effect on education. Schools, both private and public, try to adapt to this new reality by introducing digital technologies into educational practices. However, the use of educational technologies is not just about using the computer or the Internet. Cinema, radio and television have been used as tools to support education for a long time. Our starting point is a historical contextualization of the use of audiovisual technologies in education in Brazil to understand how these resources were included in teaching and learning practices along the years. We note a number of problems that are repeated and that disclose the technocratic and instrumental conception of the State regarding these resources. The revision of the historiographic aspect provides the basis for the understanding of the current production of digital educational contents, discussed in more detail through the case study on the production of Digital Educational Objects (OEDs) for the National Textbook - PNLD 2014. The public notice of PNLD 2014, for the first time included the delivery of multimedia content incorporated into printed textbooks. At this stage, consultations were carried out with several professionals involved in the format of the notice as well as in the production of OEDs (publishing houses and audiovisual producers) and in the evaluation of the objects. Also, consultations were carried out with the Electronic System for Citizen Information Service (e-SIC) and the data available on the FNDE website. With this analysis, we intend to understand the relations established in the editorial and audiovisual production market to meet the demand of the State, to investigate the production process of the objects and to identify the reasons that led to the discontinuity of this initiative.
A teoria do professor reflexivo no processo de formação continuada de professores : uma análise crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Barbosa, Silvia Helena Pienta Borges
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Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7854292909294389
The purpose of this research consists in understanding how the reflective teacher theory has guided or/and been basis to continuing education practices in a Regional Education Centre of the São Paulo state. This is a qualitative field research with critical-dialectical approach. The total number of participants in the research was twelve teachers' trainers, including the three pedagogical coordinating teachers of mathematics and the three of Portuguese and at least one elementary school teacher coordinator of each urban state school in the city. The study used as instruments to collect data the semi-structured interview, observation, documentary research, and literature review. The information was analysed using content analysis and data triangulation. The results indicated that the theory of reflective teacher is relevant in legal and guiding documents. However, these documents show just the concepts and elements of this theory that are relevant to the government's interests. Furthermore, the reflective teacher theory in the practice of continuing education is different from both the theory by itself and the theory observed in the legal and guiding documents. In the continuing education practice, the focus in practice happens, but the reflection about the practice does not. Teachers' trainers assume the possibility of reflection by the teachers, using a technical rationality that has not been overcome yet and permeates the actions of continuing education. Moreover, technical rationality encounters the needs of government agencies since it focuses on techniques and tools that lead students to answer the external evaluations satisfactorily. It is concluded that when theories are framed by market reasons, they suffer considerable losses and are used in disconnected and fragmented manners. The theory of reflective teacher, which in its formulation it is not a critical theory and emancipatory, becomes even more distorted and loses its characteristic of reflexivity practice under governmental interests, resulting in an even more uncritical education that does not promote autonomy and empowerment. Thus, it is considered that the critical rationality model would be a possibility for teachers' continuing education because of the relationship between theory and practice, historical contextualization, promotion of emancipation, and critical view.
Violência obstétrica sob a percepção das mulheres que a vivenciaram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Machado, Geovânia Pereira dos Reis
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Fabbro, Márcia Regina Cangiani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6978014098495031
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9602294585172398
Obstetric violence is a dehumanized assistance to women´s health during the pregnancy and puerperal period, and all health professionals may be responsible for it during the medical support. It´s based on the excessive use of medication, instrumentation and iatrogenic interventions in the delivery process, and starts a group of negative events over women’s body. This research aims to understand, under the gender perspective and reproductive rights, the factors that intervene in the assistance practices to women´s health during the pregnancy and puerperal period, focusing on obstetric violence. This is a qualitative research based on Jesus Gómez Critical Communicative Methodology (CCM), Paulo Freire and Jürgen Habermas as main theoretical support and, Lídia Puigvert Dialogic Feminism as genre theoretical support. The CCM aims to identify the transformative elements, that is, the ones that promoted a satisfactory experience in the pregnancy and puerperal period assistance, and the elements that exclude, that is, the ones that represents a wall to this experience, relating both to the categories lifeworld and system. The participants were nine (9) women who experienced delivery and birth and had their assistance in the “Sistema Unico de Saude” (SUS), the Brazilian public healthcare system .The data were collected from 05/19/2015 to 12/15/2015, using as instrument the communicative narration script. The data analysis was conducted using the basic level of analysis from the Critical Communicative Methodology, where the transformative and exclusion elements found in the narratives were analyzed in the lifeworld and system categories. The results showed a higher quantity of exclusion elements compared to transformative elements, being the exclusion ones related to the system. They indicate mistreatment, inadequate proceedings during delivery, lack of professional orientation, lack of support during breastfeeding, race and social class discrimination and lack of satisfaction with the service. It was a found a few transforming elements and most of them related to the lifeworld category. Among these elements, we can highlight family support, the presence of a companion, empowerment and conscience of a collective fight. This study shows that the “Sistema Unico de Saude” (SUS) has contributed a few to a dignified assistance during the pregnancy and puerperal period. The institutions responsible for the deliveries ignore the reproductive rights as human rights, and delegitimize the sexuality and reproduction of poor, black women and single mothers. In general, this research, at the same time, announces and is a denunciation of a public health system and a group of professionals who work at it in the practice of obstetric violence in the assistance of women health during the pregnancy and puerperal period. We denounce the lack of organization of the health system in the maternity assistance going against the humanization proposal and recommendations from the “Rede Cegonha”, a Brazilian maternity program and Health World Organization, making a violation against reproductive rights as human rights. The assistance is based in an unequal power relationship between genders, and socioeconomic, ethnics and racial fields. Besides, medical support is based on unequal power relationship between genders and also in socio-economic, ethnic and racial context.
Teste de marcha estacionária de seis minutos com uso de dispositivo de realidade virtual : uma alternativa ao teste de caminhada de seis minutos?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Sakaguchi, Camila Akemi
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Jamami, Maurício
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2175151508733550
Introduction: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is one of the most frequently employed among the submaximal exercise capacity tests, with a limited use in clinical practice due to its requirement for a large physical space. Therefore, a virtual reality-assisted 6- Minute Stationary March Test (6MSMT-VR) is proposed as a modern and alternative tool for exercise capacity assessment in small-sized environments. Objectives: To compare and correlate physiological variables, energy expenditure (EE) and number of steps (NS) between the 6MWT and the 6MSMT-VR, using the first one as the standard. Methods: Apparently healthy subjects, aged 18 to 60 years old, were assessed by physical examination, spirometry, tested for physical activity level and later grouped as active (A) or non-active (NA). They, then, performed each test twice and answered a self-tailored satisfaction survey. Each result obtained was later compared and correlated. Results: In spite of the significant difference in NS between tests (p<0.001), a positive correlation (r=0.50) was found between them. A positive correlation was also found between the NS in the 6MSMT-VR and the total distance (TD) in the 6MWT (r=0.48) and for every other correlation value in the NA group. The EE, nevertheless, had a positive correlation value only for A group (r=0.40). No significant differences were obtained for hemodynamic variables and dyspnea, albeit the majority of patients (55%) reported greater Lower Limb Fatigue in the 6MSMT-VR. Conclusion: The 6MSMT-VR was well tolerated by the study’s population and may, thus, be considered an alternative to the 6MWT.
Idosos cuidadores de idosos em arranjos familiares com e sem a presença de crianças : sobrecarga, otimismo e estratégias de enfrentamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Oliveira, Nathalia Alves de
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Inouye, Keika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
Changes in socio-cultural profiles added to increasing number in the elderly population have favored the formation of new family compositions in the presence of elderly and children. In this context the elderly has become known for taking care for other elderly and children. This new configuration that has the elderly protagonist can take to an excess of competing demands and induce burden, on contrary, the child's presence can increase positive feelings such as optimism and assist in the choice of coping strategies. This study aimed to compare the level of burden, optimism and coping strategies of elderly caregivers of elderly residing with and without the presence of children. The study was based on the quantitative method of research and all ethical guidelines were followed. There were interviewed 301caregivers elderly registered in the Family Health Units in a municipality in São Paulo state. The instruments used were: Scale independence in activities of daily living Katz; Scale of instrumental activities of daily living Lawton; Socio-demographic characterization of the child; Sociodemographic and of care of elderly receivers care, sociodemographic and health conditions of the elderly caregiver, Zarit Burden Intervew, Pinto Spirituality Scale and Pais-Ribeiro and Inventory to assess coping strategies. For data analysis elderly caregivers were divided into two groups G1 (residing without children) and G2 (living with children). The results show that most of the children were male (52.6%) with a mean age of six. Among elderly caregivers in both groups there was prevalence of woman (G1 = 74.3%; G2 = 81.8%), the median age in G1 was 69 years and 65.5 years in G2. Among the elderly care recepients, most were male (66.9% G1 = G2 = 77.3%) with a median age of 73 years in G1 and 69 years in G2. Elderly caregivers in G2 showed significantly higher level of burden compared to G1 (p = 0.01). The level optimism was high for both groups and there were no significant differences between them. In the analysis of coping strategies elderly caregivers in G1 reported using more focused strategies in the expression of negative emotions (p <0.01), religiosity (p = 0.01) and inhibition of negative emotions (p = 0.01) compared to G2. The results reveal important data that contribute the valiation of the elderly caregiver in an intergenerational context and can support the planning of interventions for caregivers in primary care settings.
As representações e os discursos dos professores sobre a EMEIEF Prada : entre o imaginário e o real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Moreira, Marisa de Souza Cunha
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6784589122251851
This work seeks to deduce the representations and discourses of teachers about Prada School, which is located in the countryside of São Paulo and was founded by private capital in 1947 in order to assist the children of industrial workers. The school was donated to the public authorities in 1954 and municipalized in 2000. The guiding problem consists of investigating how the school is understood by the teachers participating in the research, once, in the collective imaginary, the institution is generally regarded as a differentiated school in relation to various educational units in the town. Its origin (in the industry) was considered to be different from the other schools belonging to its same system; and it was sought to analyze the causes of its foundation and the aspects of constructing its identity in the social imaginary. The central goal, guided by reflections on the relations between work and education, was to identify teachers and managers‘ views about social representations and about training and educational processes related to EMEIEF Prada. The specific goals was to: analyze the concepts attributed by teachers and managers to the educational practices and to their meanings in their professional career; identify the real and symbolic aspects related to the foundation and development of this school by considering the social construction of its identity and its recognition in the public school system. The methodological procedure, which makes use of a qualitative approach, includes documentary, bibliographic and field research, with emphasis on semi-structured interviews with teachers and managers. The analysis of the interviews revealed that the social representations of teachers agree with those belonging to the general population in many cases; it also revealed that the school has over the years kept the imaginary of being a differentiated school. One of the aspects of the researched school was its central localization. This fact contributes to it being seen as a school with a qualified education and with a differentiated public, generally opposed to the characteristics of the public schools of the periphery, despite there being similarities. It is concluded that the representations and discourses about the school combine real and imaginary elements regarding its history and practices, which interconnect and influence each other, in order to reinforce idealized and aimed aspects in its history and daily routine. Thus, discourses that exalt their particularities and supposed experience permeated by feelings of pride or a certain nostalgia are reproduced.
Melkor, o inimigo do mundo : a constituição do vilão em o Silmarillion de J. R. R. Tolkien
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Rufo, Alline Duarte
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2109264727903592
Peculiaridades do exercício da função autor em redes sociais : uma análise discursiva de “mensagens compartilhadas” pelo Facebook
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Rosin, Pâmela da Silva
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Ferreira, Luzmara Curcino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4849994635754652
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5846619832430283
This dissertation derives from the continuation of reflections started in previous researches (scientific initiation and term paper), when we use the discursive analysis of a “new” type of text, formed by short phrases published in social networks, such as Facebook. Those phrases present a particular formal structure, and their meanings play different roles in virtual interaction. We designate those “phrases” circling in the virtual environment, which are selected, highlighted, and have images added to help build a universal text, as shared messages. We focus, at this master’s research, therefore, to the analysis of constitution and sharing practices of some messages with pieces of text from books and interviews, which enunciation are related to contemporary literary authors renowned in Brazil – like Caio Fernando Abreu and Clarice Lispector, and others that although have fewer cultural prestige, show a wide renown between groups of young readers, i.e. Tati Bernardi. This way, our corpus is made of messages from three sharing pages: O Mundo De Caio Fernando Abreu e Clarice Lispector; Caio, Tati e Clarice o que me diz; and Trechos de Livros. All these pages dedicate to publish messages related to the authors in their names or that present a collection of pieces of text from various recent published books, from which is common posting messages with authorship given to Caio Fernando Abreu and Clarice Lispector, specifically. In this dissertation, evidences of how the authorship works along with the construction and sharing of those messages are analyzed, through a formal analysis of them, as well as an analysis of the readers’ comments about the authorship, under the theoretical-methodological perspective of two contemporary theories that allow us to study the question of reading: the french Discourse Analysis, and specially the theories from works of Michel Foucault about the “author function”; and the Cultural History of reading, mainly about the works of Roger Chartier about reading actually – theories that, in their articulation, allow us to list permanencies and mutations through which our actual reading practices go. We observe that, although recent, the production and sharing of those speeches are submitted to an authorship working mechanism relatively similar to printed order. About the readers’ comments, we notice two speaking forms: one that copy, in a certain way, the form and content expressed by the messages, applying aspects of the “poetic function”, at the author’s style at expressing its impressions about the message; and another one that focuses on questioning the authorship of those speeches, citing the original sources of the texts, or questioning and recognizing vestiges that allow the identification of a correct authorship attribution in those messages. This way, we can analyze some characteristics of this new reader’s/author’s profile that emerge with the creation and diffusion of new technologies.
A emergência de propostas de regulação da mídia no Brasil : uma análise do discurso político midiatizado pela Folha de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Santos, Wilson Ricardo Barbosa dos
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Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0028226372069896
En los grandes medios brasileños, textos que tratan la emergencia de propuestas de regulación de los propios medios circulan bajo diferentes modalidades enunciativas. En un trabajo anterior (SANTOS, 2013), hemos podido constatar que esta discusión aparece a partir de dichos primeros como controle social da mídia, regulação da mídia, democratização da mídia, regulação econômica da mídia, entre otros. De esta manera, se materializa un conflicto que respecta sentidos acerca de la libertad democrática y una potencial censura, lo que es discutido masivamente por los discursos mediáticos, importantes lugares para que hoy reflexionemos sobre nuestra sociedad, precisamente porque es en este ámbito que tales políticas son tratadas. En la discusión que respecta la necesidad o no de regulación, se construye discursivamente una lucha por la libertad de expresión y por la atribución del derecho de establecer separaciones entre lo que es o no decible. Luego, la emergencia de estos dichos apunta para espesas polémicas entre sectores políticos y enunciadores de los grandes medios, que son bases primordiales para nuestra reflexión: luego, ¿estaríamos delante de una propuesta de control o de un intento de censura, considerados tales embates? En nuestra filiación al Análisis de Discurso francés, sobre todo al reflexionar acerca de la contribución foucaultiana a la disciplina, somos motivados, antes de todo, por la descripción de las condiciones de emergencia de estos dichos en nuestra sociedad. Su valor de verdad, finalmente, nos interesa cuando es dictado, comentado y estabilizado en el corpus por nosotros congregado alrededor de la concepción de archivo, sea por periodistas, grupos políticos o por la FSP como una institución mediática ya bien asentada en el mercado brasileño. La noción de archivo, así, basada en Foucault, nos muestra aspectos de lo que puede ser dicho, considerando el sistema que gobierna el aparecimiento de los enunciados como acontecimientos singulares. En este sentido, la posibilidad de retorno de sentidos sobre censura, asociados a la dictadura militar de antaño, es un dato importante. De esta manera, tomamos como objeto de investigación la circulación realizada acerca del tema por la FSP de enero/2010 a enero/2015 en su versión digital (www.folha.com.br/fsp), centrándonos sobre todo en los dos últimos embates electorales presidenciales. Al analizar este acontecimiento de corta duración, el objetivo central de este trabajo es verificar como la cuestión ha sido tratada en el embate político-partidario brasileño alrededor de la emergencia de estos dichos por la FSP, teniendo como objetivos específicos i) mostrar algunos de los recursos lingüístico-discursivos de que este medio se valió para construir posiciones enunciativas y ii) analizar los deslizamientos de sentido que estos enunciados realizaron en este intervalo. Los resultados obtenidos indican la estabilidad de una posición contraria a la regulación de los medios en los textos de la FSP, que se realiza también a partir de matices en la formulación de posiciones favorables; así, frecuentemente se contesta la necesidad de tales medidas. También, el análisis de los comentarios sobre los dichos primeros que se han realizado para establecer las propuestas y de las imágenes que emergieron cuando hubo este tratamiento nos permitió observar un trayecto de deslizamientos metafóricos que se realizaron cuando tales enunciados circularon en la FSP, asociados mayoritariamente a la posibilidad de que hubiera, de hecho, censura de los medios. Estos desplazamientos ocurrieron a partir de la tensión entre formaciones discursivas, que actuaron en el delicado embate entre la necesidad del control y el conflicto realizado por el retorno de sentidos asociados a la censura, regularidades cuyas fronteras estuvieron en constante movimiento.
Histórias da educação especial produzidas a partir de matérias publicadas em jornal paulista : 1997- 2004
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Santos, Keisyani da Silva
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Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9429520073186592
In the transition from the twentieth to the twenty-first century, with the advent of international policies for Inclusive Education, Brazilian Special Education outlines new directions for its history. In this period, significant changes in the conduct of educational policies for the targeted audience of Special Education students began to occur throughout the country. Given the organizational structure of Brazilian education, the role of states and municipalities were, and are extremely important for the effectiveness of national guidelines. Considering the context of substantial changes, this study aimed to analyze and retell the stories of Special Education in São Paulo [re] produced in the printed newspaper "O Estado de São Paulo", from 1997 to 2004. More specifically, the objective is to: identify and analyze the themes and characters related to special education, more frequent in the texts conveyed by the newspaper; analyze the design disseminated by the newspaper on Special Education and its target audience; and relate the content of the articles with educational policies for the target audience of Special Education. It was adopted as reference the conception of history and of historical production proposed by the Annales school, which breaks with the tradition of factual history, great heroes and ultimate truths, based on written records and especially on official documents. The documentary corpus consisted of texts published in the printed newspaper "O Estado de S. Paulo" in the period of 1997-2004, which were given at least a descriptor related to educational references in Special Education, previously established. Data were collected in the official site collection of the newspaper "O Estado de S. Paulo" through image capture, stored and organized in a digital database. About 5,844 articles were examined, from January 1997 to December 2004. The content analysis was made with the help of Atlas.ti software. The first analysis step was to filter the text with a focus on education. In the second, the texts were categorized based on the analysis axes: scope, condition, character, theme and relationship with educational policies. In the third one, the analysis was performed through the calculation of the frequency, absolute and cumulative, and content c-coefficient of co-occurrence of the analysis categories. Finally, in the fourth stage, stories of the Special Education in São Paulo were rescued, based on articles published in the newspaper "O Estado de S. Paulo". In all, 698 texts were selected for analysis. The results show that among the groups that comprise the target audience of Special Education, the condition of deficiency was the most discussed, with emphasis on the use of generic terms. The most frequently mentioned topics were school inclusion (n = 72) and philanthropy (n = 57), and the characters more often cited were special institutions (n = 168) and special school (n = 65). Several links between themes and characters were also found. By rescuing some stories we could identify an increase in the number of Special Education targeted students enrollment in regular education, successful experiences of school inclusion, the role of specialized institutions in school inclusion times, the need for restructuring of the educational system for the effectuation of the proposed inclusive education and how educational policies were translated in the field, as well as their relationship with the stories rescued.
O ato performático da reestruturação: dissonâncias entre o discurso e os resultados em um estudo de caso brasileiro sobre financeirização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Benatti, Glauco
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7972723356150973
This paper presents a case study on the restructuring process of a Brazilian operation of a century-old Fortune 500 American multinational manufacturer of industrial equipment. The focus of the work lies with the dissonance between discourse and the result of that process, raising the hypothesis that capital market pressure is behind such restructuring. The annual reports of this company portray the restructuring as a recurring corporate strategy, through which the company seeks to boost confidence in the capital market itself and its ability to deliver better results (or reverse bad ones) without, however, such results are achieved in fact, as this case study aims to show. This institutional literature proved to be a flagship tool company speech aimed at telling the actors of the capital market, stories about the strategies set in motion in defense of the interests of shareholders. The examination of such documents for this case study revealed that these strategies unfold in sometimes more tangible actions, sometimes more performing ones and, while restructuring proved to be more performing actions; the strategy of acquisitions / divestiments in series proved to be the most tangible ones.
Desenvolvimento de compósito de poliuretano reforçado com nanofibrilas de celulose isoladas de candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Feresin, Fábio
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Ambrosio, José Donato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9470914895315270
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Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
Candeia (Eremanthus erythropappus) is an important raw material due to the essential oil that can be extracted from the whole tree. The essential oil contains (-)--bisabolol that has an active principle with pharmacological properties with wide range of use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The extraction process of essential oil produces a large quantity of wood residue that only a small portion as reused. New Developments to provide feasible alternative applications for the remaining portion of wood residue make exploration process of candeia more rentable and sustainable. Cellulose was isolated from that wood residue of candeia by wet chemistry. Further processing with an ultrafine high shear grinder the bleached cellulose pulps, with and without 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) treatment, were led to the disruption of cell walls into nanofibrils. In the present study cellulose nanofibrils (NFC) isolated from wood residue of candeia were applied as additive for a waterborne polyurethane-based wood coating in order to improve the mechanical resistance. Coating suspensions containing up to 12 wt% were prepared by mechanical mixing. The addition of cellulose nanofibers to waterborne polyurethane demonstrated the enhancement of mechanical properties. The better mechanical performances were achieved for composites with a nanofibrils amount of 8 wt% and 12 wt%. Overall the mechanical properties were increased over 40%. Additionally, the nanofibrils have acted as a rheological modifier at the waterborne coating. Cinematic viscosity increased as increased the amount of NFC. As noticed on mechanical properties behavior the effect of nanofibrils content on the viscosity is more efficient with values of 8 wt% and 12 wt%.
Proposta e validação de solução de computação em nuvem para redes com dispositivos nacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Zugliani, Ettore
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Marcondes, César Augusto Cavalheiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4431183539132719
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6437595140362511
Cloud and virtualization are both recurring subjects, today they are used in a variety of systems in oder to provide solutions that are effective, scalable, with easier maintenance and les costly. Among the main names of the area we have the OpenStack software which provides various levels of virtualization from virtual machines to virtual networks, OpeStack code is open source and it‘s network module, Neutron, has the support of several manufactors like Cisco, Brocade and Arista but untill now there is no support for a national manufactor. This work proposes the construction of a national solution for network virtualization, proposing the construction of a driver for the OpenStack network module that supports the equipments of the brazilian manufactor Datacom. This text features first a overview of the actual environment of cloud computing, a study about OpenStack and it‘s network module Neutron, and them taking this study as starting point a set of diagrams are presented in order to propose a solution. This solution is them built using the programing language Python and good practices of programing and them at the end of te implementation presents a solid and highly modular solution. Therefore this proposal is validated through a series of unity tests which are necessary for the approval of the code by the comunity. This work results in a working OpenStack environment using the UFSCar servers, which comunicates in a satisfactory manner with national network equipments, besides the contribution with OpenStack development.
Fatores associados à esperança de idosos cuidadores de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Souza, Érica Nestor
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
The longevity associated with chronic degenerative health problems, contributes to the increase of older people with functional limitations, disabilities and the need for care. The role of caregiver can trigger a series of impacts on the physical and mental health. However, hope can be psychosocial feature of these caregivers to deal with the difficulties on the experience of care. The objective this study is identify factors associated with the hope of elderly caregivers of elderly. This is a quantitative study, descriptive and crosssectional. The sample consisted of 301 subjects who played role of caregivers registered in the Family Health Units in a city in São Paulo state. Data were collected through individual interviews, using the following instruments: Characterization of the Subjects; Herth Hope Index (HHI); Pinto Pais - Ribeiro Spirituality Scale (PP-RSS); Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS); Evaluation of Fragility; Perceived Stress Scale; Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE); Inventory of Coping Strategies; Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI). Analyses were performed using multivariate statistics (multinomial logistic regression). The results showed that the mean score of EEH was 40.9 (± 5.4). As for PP-RSS, mean the belief domains and hope / optimism were 3.85 and 3.39, respectively. The most widely used coping strategy was "the expression of negative emotions", averaging 19.8 points. In GDS, the majority (77.8%) had no depressive symptoms. As for the perceived stress, the average score was 19.0 points. In the MMSE, the majority (61%) showed evidence of cognitive impairment. The average obtained in the ZBI was 17.9 and in the evaluation of fragility, the majority (56.8%) was pre-fragile. With regard to factors associated with hope, according to the regression model were: spirituality, stress, old age, caregiver without income, not receive help affective / emotional and care for 6- 10 hours a day. Therefore highlights the need for public policies and care actions to these elderly caregivers elderly, as well as interventions aimed at stimulating hope with emphasis in the associated factors identified.
Alcance manual e nível de controle de tronco de lactentes entre 6 e 9 meses de idade : estudo observacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Greco, Ana Luiza Righetto
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8178156391245721
Aims: Identify the level of trunk control (Study 1) and relationship the level of trunk control with the reaching (Study 2) in infants at 6 and 9 months of age. Method: This is an observaciotinal and cross-sectional study. Fifty five healthy infants at 6 – 9 months of age were assessed in Study 1 and thirty one healthy infants were assessed in Study 2. The level of trunk control was assessed by Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo). The motor development was assessed by Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). The reaching was assessed by kinematic analysis. During this assessment, the infants were seated in a baby chair reclined. A toy was presented at his/her midline within reaching distance for 2 minutes. The variables analyzed were: frequency uni and bimanual, trunk of support frequency in the chair, grasping and trunk control level, and kinematic variables: movement duration, peak velocity, mean velocity, deceleration index and movements units. Results: Study 1: There was a significant difference among ages 6 to 8 months (p = 0.001), 6 and 9 months (p = 0.000), 7 and 8 months (p = 0.002), and 7 to 9 months (p = 0.001). Study 2: There was no relationship between the kinematic parameters and trunk control levels at each age. There was a higher frequency with an trunk support for the infants at 6 and 7 months old. At 8 and 9 months, there was a higher frequency ranges performed without trunk support. However, there was not relationship between the trunk control level shown by SATCo and the trunk support in the chair during performance reaching for any age. Conclusion: The infants at 6 and 7 months of age had trunk control in the thoracic level while at 8 and 9 months, infants had full control trunk. Furthermore, it is suggested that the trunk control level is not related with reaching in typical infants aged between six and nine months, possibly because this infants had sufficient trunk control to carry out reaching movements. The infants used medium or no trunk support in the chair of assessment during the carry out reaching movements.
Cromossomos B no gênero Partamona (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) : ocorrência, transmissão e origem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-02-26)
Machado, Diana de Paula
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Del Lama, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5418191881062383
Partamona (Schwarz, 1939) is a stingless bee genus which has as an interesting trait, the presence of B chromosomes in some species. These chromosomes were identified in six closely related species so far, all included in the cupira group, except P. helleri, which has an uncertain position in Partamona phylogeny, but it is possibly related to this group. We analyzed 894 colonies from 128 locations of thirteen species, using a SCAR marker specific for Partamona B chromosomes. The results enabled an increase in knowledge about species number with supernumerary chromosomes in this genus, including species from the pearsoni clade. The high number of colonies analyzed allowed to set the B chromosomes frequency on carrier species. A significant positive correlation between latitude and B chromosomes frequency was found in P. helleri, with higher frequency in north decreasing towards the south of the species distribution. The B chromosome transmission rate was estimated for three species that showed the highest frequencies of these chromosomes (P. helleri, P. cupira and P. rustica). The result was as expected for a regular meiotic behavior, which queens with one supernumerary chromosome have 50% chance to transfer the B chromosome to the offspring, suggesting an absence drive in these species. The Sequences obtained using SCAR primers had high quality and were different from those previously reported in another studies, showing no undefined sites, indicating greater effectiveness for sequencing using the internal primers designed in our laboratory. The comparison between obtained sequences revealed a high similarity between species, with only two haplotypes and no intraspecific differences, suggesting a single origin for Partamona B chromosomes. The sequence obtained for P. helleri was different from that obtained for the cupira clade species, suggesting that P. helleri did not transmit the B chromosomes to the other species, as previously suggested. The high frequency in some species and the presence in the pearsoni clade suggest a more complex 4 evolutionary history and an older origin than previously thought for Partamona B chromosomes.