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Defective models for cure rate modeling
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Rocha, Ricardo Ferreira da
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Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/88705569783170000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0676420269735630
Modeling of a cure fraction, also known as long-term survivors, is a part of survival analysis. It studies cases where supposedly there are observations not susceptible to the event of interest. Such cases require special theoretical treatment, in a way that the modeling assumes the existence of such observations. We need to use some strategy to make the survival function converge to a value p 2 (0; 1), representing the cure rate. A way to model cure rates is to use defective distributions. These distributions are characterized by having probability density functions which integrate to values less than one when the domain of some of their parameters is di erent from that usually de ned. There is not so much literature about these distributions. There are at least two distributions in the literature that can be used for defective modeling: the Gompertz and inverse Gaussian distribution. The defective models have the advantage of not need the assumption of the presence of immune individuals in the data set. In order to use the defective distributions theory in a competitive way, we need a larger variety of these distributions. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to increase the number of defective distributions that can be used in the cure rate modeling. We investigate how to extend baseline models using some family of distributions. In addition, we derive a property of the Marshall-Olkin family of distributions that allows one to generate new defective models.
Estudo sobre o impacto da redução do consumo de cimento no comportamento mecânico do concreto autoadensável
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Barboza, Lucas da Silva
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1159705362571916
This paper presents an analysis of the development of self-compacting concrete with low consumption of Portland cement, and evaluates some of its properties in fresh and hardened state ( mechanical properties ). The production of concrete with low consumption of Portland cement of the concept of providing more sustainable construction based on the concrete industry, as increased longevity of raw materials deposits, reducing CO2 emissions and energy consumption and lower cost transport. It provides various technical improvements such as lower heat of hydration, shrinkage and cracking. Based on packaging concepts and particle dispersion suitable choice of materials and the use of mineral fílers and admixtures, there was obtained concrete with low consumption of cement and high strength, with a relative consumption of binder materials less than 5 kg / m³ to produce 1 MPa compressive strength. This research is characterized as a theoretical-experimental model, which were researched packaging methods of aggregates and mineral additions, studied the interaction between superplasticizer and cementitious materials, seeking a considerable reduction in cement content in mixtures of self-compacting concrete. Therefore, we used the dosage methodology presented by Gomes (2002) and also have certain mechanical properties of concrete and it is concluded by the results, the use of a structural concrete self-compacting with Portland cement consumption can reduced.
Obtenção de nanocelulose via hidrólise ácida a partir dos resíduos da produção de cerveja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Lima, Vitor Hugo de
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0484426340349483
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2514638680367582
The industrial waste usage for technological application has been gaining ground in different segments and applications. One of the prominent sectors is Material technology, where these residues can be used to obtain the raw material for obtaining polyols, which, later on, will be used in the process for obtaining polymeric materials or as fillers and reinforcement in thermoplastic polymeric materials. The cellulose, which is a natural polymer and the material generated in greater amounts in nature, is been used as a source of study and has several applications in materials, such as reinforcement, load or chemical surface modifications. The nanocellulose, which is obtained from different chemical, mechanical and biological processes, may be in the form of cellulose nanofibrils (NFCs), which are present in crystalline and amorphous regions along it, and cellulose nanocrystals (NCCs) where it reveals only the crystal region. The material in this work is malt bagasse, which is currently the waste generated in the beer industry by bulk and shows no alternative reuse and application in Material technology. It was determined the chemical composition of the fibers and applied chemical bleaching process to remove components such as lignin and hemicellulose in preparation of the fibers for obtaining nanocellulose through acid hydrolysis. Hydrolysis was performed using H2SO4 at two concentrations, 44% (w / w) and 64% (m / m), with the temperature at 40 ° C and 50 ° C for the samples subjected to the acid solution 44%, besides that, it was used 40 ° C, 50 ° C and 60 ° C for samples with 64% solution. For the samples 44/40 and 44/50 it were obtained NFCS and for the 64% the result obtained was NCCs. Natural and bleached fibers, along with nanocellulose, obtained through different concentrations of H2SO4 and temperature variations were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-Ray Diffraction (X-RD) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA).
A Iniciação Científica Júnior multidisciplinar como facilitadora da alfabetização científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Rodrigues, Bárbara Daniela Guedes
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Lupetti, Karina Omuro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5198051111079064
This research was conducted by monitoring ten students awarded with high school scholarships (scientific initiation junior multidisciplinary) provided by Circus of Science, an event realized during the Open University directed by professor Pedro Malagutti of Math Department-UFSCar, in 2013. The following process allowed to analyze and observe the scientific literacy of the students facilitated by the scientific initiation junior activities. During 2013 the Circus of Science held a science fair of public school students from São Carlos and awarded the 20 best reports with scholarships from CNPq, a governmental institution. The research started with a small science fair at the public school Archimedes Aristeu Mendes de Carvalho where the first and second years high school students exposed their projects and were selected to present at Circus of Science. After analysis of theirs projects and educational achievement 10 students were selected among 20 that participated and were awarded with the multidisciplinary scholarships. The project comprehended during one year activities in different laboratories, among them Chemistry, Biology, Physics and Mathematic. The researcher monitored these students and applied questionnaires before and after the activities, classes, posters composition and the final projects presented again at the Circus of Science event in 2014. The data were analyzed by scientific literacy point of view based in Miller and Ludke and Andre qualitative methodology.
Inovação organizacional e cultura organizacional na percepção de gestores de grandes empresas: estudo multicasos em empresas do setor de autopeças da região metropolitana de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Andrade, Luciana do Carmo Menezes de
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Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2040112179165748
With the crisis that has been going the automotive industry last year, it is necessary that companies in the auto parts sector go forward several changes to remain competitive. In this context, organizational innovation, which has the organizational culture as one of its main determinants, it is a key pillar of support competitiveness. Thus, this work is a multicases study in five large suppliers companies of auto parts of the metropolitan area of Sorocaba, aimed to analyze the practices of organizational innovation, and identify the factors related to the organizational culture of these companies are the key to the organizational innovation. As result, it was found that the adoption of organizational innovation practices is due to isomorphism in the automotive industries, but the organizational culture focused on innovation is essential for the occurrence of organizational innovation, and features such as financial (reward system, financial resources), organizational architecture (market orientation, mission, value and leadership), management tools (support innovation, teamwork, acceptance of risk and error tolerance, creativity, communication and management systems) are fundamentals. As factors that hinder organizational innovation were basically found problems related to people as: outgoing employees, lack of discipline, motivation, overwork, predesigned concepts, difficult to accept changes and unhappiness. The centralization of power, lack of autonomy and authoritarian leadership were also mentioned as inhibitors to the occurrence of organizational innovation.
Teletransporte quântico na presença de ruído
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Gomes, Raphael Fortes Infante
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Rigolin, Gustavo Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5670956791297779
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5150160591123690
The main focus of this work is to explore the feasibility of conducting the teleportation protocol in scenarios where the presence of an external environment reduces the purity of the input state and the transmission channel. To investigate the behavior of these protocols under realistic conditions, we selected the main decoherence maps reported in the literature concerning the description of this phenomenon, including the representation of mixed states through the Kraus operators and systems in thermal equilibrium whose Hamiltonian is described by the Heisenberg model. In this context, we proved that there are cases in which the in uence of external factors (such as increasing temperature and decoherence rates) and the immersion of those qubits in distinct environments help increasing the similarity between the properties of the original information and the teleported state. In addition, we studied the probabilistic teleportation protocol under the in uence of the same noise conditions analysed for the deterministic protocol, and the results here obtained show that the rst process can outperform the expected value of the average delity of the teleported state.
Conjugate additions and organocatalytic sequential reactions - new approaches to old reactions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Feu, Karla Santos
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1138069644348816
This thesis consists in a collection of projects wherein the focus is the application of organocatalysts to accelerate the reactions, its primary function, as to induce asymmetry to the synthetic targets, within a perspective of sustainable chemistry. Thus, this thesis was arranged in four sections, the first two being about conjugate additions reactions; the third one related to 1,6-Friedel-Crafts/ 1,4-oxa-Michael cascade, and finally the fourth related to a formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition reaction. The first chapter describes the application of ionic liquids as basic catalysts in the conjugate addition of diketones to nitroolefins irradiated by ultrasound. Thus, the Michael adducts, which are important synthetic building blocks were synthesized efficiently under solvent free conditions. In the second chapter is presented the formal synthesis of Pregabalin Phenibut and Bacoflen. The synthetic intermediate of theses are obtained via a conjugate addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins, using an organocatalyst developed by our group in PEG-400, as recyclable solvent. In this regard, a collection of Michael adducts was synthesized within the principles of green chemistry in good yields and selectivities. The third section describes the first organocatalytic asymmetric cascate 1,6- Friedel-Crafts / 1,4- Oxa-Michael of hydroxyarenes to 2,4-dienal for the construction of chiral chromans, which are important bioactive compounds. A collection of chiral chromans was synthesized with high yields and selectivities (94-99% ee). Furthermore, several manipulations were made including the formation of a macrocyclic lactam. Finally, the fourth section dedicated to the formal [3 + 3] cycloaddition of azomethine imine with methyl isocyanoacetates leading to 1,2,4 triazines derivatives, which are relevant biological activity heterocyclic. We used either organocatalytic approach as cooperative catalysis (organocatalysis and metal catalysis). This work is still in the primary stages, however the product has been obtained with up to (42% ee, 69% yield), as just one diastereomer.
O problema de roteamento e programação de navios com coleta e entrega na indústria de petróleo : modelagem e métodos de solução exatos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Furtado, Maria Gabriela Stevanato
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7554755057739841
The object of this study is the routing and scheduling problem of vessels with pickup and delivery and time windows in the oil industry. A case study was performed in a Brazilian oil industry that produces crude oil in o shore platforms, that is, located in the ocean, and transports to the terminals located in the Brazilian coast. Then, it was proposed a mixed integer model to represent the problem adequately and for this, a detailed analysis of the real problem in order to know all its characteristics and consider some simplifying assumptions. Therefore, to the pickup and delivery problem with time windows present in the literature were aggregated other speci c restrictions of the case study, for example, multiple depots, ship mooring restrictions, exible draft and dynamic positioning. Besides that, the eet is heterogeneous related to capacity, LOA (length overall), dynamic positioning and velocity. In practice, in general there are no identical vessels. This problem can be represented as a combinatorial optimization model, which belongs to the NP-hard class and its solution is a challenging in practice depending on the size of the real problems. Then, were proposed several exact branch-and-cut methods based on models with 2 and 3-index variables for routing problems with pickup and delivery and time windows to solve speci cally the Brazilian oil industry problem. Finally, we proposed a branch-and-price method, which includes all characteristics of the problem in oil industry. In summary, the main contributions of this thesis are related to the study and modeling of this problem in practice, and the proposal and development of exact solution methods to solve it, based on branch-and-cut and branch-and-price. The performance of the mathematical model in optimization software and the exact methods were veri ed using a real data set provided by the company. Results show that these approaches may be e ective to solve problems of moderate size in real situations.
Adoecer por TB/HIV: os efeitos de sentido a partir da perspectiva discursiva de indivíduos coinfectados em um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-01)
Reis, Amanda Alessandra dos
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Protti-Zanatta, Simone Teresinha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6772128930979370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6434495894699587
This is a qualitative based study, supported by methodological theoretical framework Speech Analysis of French Matrix, which seeks to understand these production processesin the relation of langua get o the historical and social externality of the subject. The study aimed to analyze the senses produced by the disease processin patients with TB/HIV. This proposal was developed with patients using the Care Center of Chronicle Infections of a city in the São Paulo state. The data collection was divided into two stages :the first stage was collected by the multi-professional team, through the Book of Registration and Monitoring of Tuberculosis Cases Treatment, the National Disease Reporting Information System(Sinan), TBWEB and socio demographic data in order to characterize the subjects of this investigation. In the second stage individual interviews were conductedwith06TB /HIV co-infected patients; the interviews were semi-structured and audio-recorded. The transcriptions were organized with ATLAS.ti7software feature, which facilitated the organization of empirical data. The results of this research demonstrate that some subject sin the interview and patient position assume a standard circulating conception in society, in which HIV is inextricably linked torisky behaviors (drug use and unprotected sex) that propitiate infection by this virus. In addition, was possible to observet he importance of the link between the patient and the health professional in strengthening and continuity of treatment. Considering the above, there is the need to strengthen the recommendations by the Health Ministry about the co-infection TB /HIV using health strategies or actions not only to patients and health professionals, but also t of families and care givers of these patients.
Ensino de relações numéricas com o uso de discriminações condicionais para crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-03)
Garcia, Rafael Vilas Boas
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8516732611799388
The purposes of this research are evaluate the effectiveness of MTS computerized teaching tasks, and develop, apply and evaluate a Stimulus Equivalence Paradigm based curriculum to teach number concept. Studies that used MTS procedure to teach arbitrary conditional discriminations and equivalence relations obtained positive results on subjects with disability. We propose a systematic replication of Rossit (2003), that used MTS tasks to taught monetary system to youths with intellectual disability on a Stimulus Equivalence Paradigm based organized curriculum. In order to teach number concept, the experimental stimuli (numerals from one until nine, and figures of non-representational forms) were divided in three stimuli groups of increasing values in a multiple baseline design among stimuli groups. Were the participants in the research three ASD students with eight to 12 years old. The results shows efficacy on teach number concept for ASD children with strategy derived of Stimulus Equivalence, replicating the results obtained by Rossit (2003) and corroborating with previous notes on the contribution of resource derived from the Applied Behavior Analysis for the successful in inclusion of students with ASD.
A recepção crítica de Nicanor Parra no Chile (1937- 2010)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-04)
Toro Castillo, Juan Francisco
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Rodrigues, Raquel Terezinha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2468134516070432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287741778935811
In this study we articulate and analyze Nicanor Parra’s critical fortune, published in Chile before and after the success achieved by the Chilean writer, having as parameter the Chilean National Prize of Literature, which he won in 1969. We point out to the reception aspects registered by real readers, that give life and dictate the history of Nicanor Parra’s literary Project, by taking over te text. Such critical impressions took place between 1939 and 2011. We observed the Horizon of Change passing through the critical fortune collected, by Robert Jauss Reception Theory.
The rime of the ancient mariner” em diferentes narrativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-04)
Poletti Neto, Walter
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2047269154670988
The main objective of this dissertation is to investigate the dialogue between the romantic poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, by Samuel Taylor Coleridge, first published in 1798, and its transcreation – concept proposed by Haroldo de Campos – in the homonymous song released by the heavy-metal group Iron Maiden. Based on three levels of analysis of both texts, according to Fredric Jameson dialectical critic, this interpretation will make evident or clear, in the very first moment, which elements of the poem are approached or neglected in Steve Harris’ adaptation, leader, founder and main songwriter of the British group; simultaneously, a comparison between the form of the texts will be made to list important elements such as rime and meter, verses and stanzas, fable, “characters”, and others. In the second moment, the analysis must point out how nature and religion, illustrated in elements such as the sea, rain, snow, fog and mist, Sun and Moon, wind and breeze, beautiful or slimy living things, prayers, sin and “shrieve” made critics such as Franca Neto, John Lowes, Alexander Silva and Tania Asnes to interpret the poem as imaginative, subjective or religious, connected to what Fredric Jameson calls strategies of containment. The third level of reading will bring up the History hidden under the surface of the work of arts, or in other words, an social-aesthetical reading or an “political interpretation of the literary texts” (JAMESON, 1992, p. 15) supported specially in the concepts of mediation – “the establishment of relationships between, say, the formal analysis of a work of art and its social ground, or between the internal dynamics of the political state and its economic base” (ROBERTS, 2000, p. 78, 79), verifying acts socially symbolic revealed in a final analysis.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos analíticos para a avaliação de nanosuspensões de fertilizantes e efeitos sobre a produtividade de culturas agrícolas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-04)
Liberato, Clayton Gondim
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Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1890025859346521
This study was carried out in three steps: 1) production and characterization of nanosuspensions; 2) development of analytical methods for elemental analysis of fertilizers and plant tissues and comparison between inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) and microwave induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES); 3) agronomical experiments in which the monoelementar nanosuspensions containing zinc, calcium or manganese and other commercial fertilizers were applied in lettuce, corn and soybeans. The particle sizes for nanosuspensions were about 4, 8 and 10 times lower than commercialized products based on zinc, calcium and manganese, respectively. Analytical procedures developed for fertilizers analysis by direct analysis of the nanosuspensions and applying the official method were statistically equal and equivalent in both equipments, with recoveries interval from 99 to 102%. The results of the plant tissue analysis showed statistical differences for most of the analytes, however analysis of the certified reference material apple leaves, NIST 1515, showed recoveries from 80 to 100 % for both equipments. The agronomical experiments have shown productivity gains of around 15% for the application of manganese and zinc nanosuspensions in soybeans, compared to other products tested; although the increase in productivity has not been noticeable to corn crop. For lettuce crop was observed that commercial applications and Calcium Nano (200 mg plant-1) contributed for obtaining bigger plants and to a large absorption of calcium.
Reflexões sobre o Programa Nacional Escolas Sustentáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-05)
Bastos, Daniela Botti Dias
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Rabinovici, Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506171831521594
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1288071223425898
This study has had as purpose analysing the Programa Nacional Escolas Sustentáveis – PNES [Sustainable Schools National Programme] and its applications, germane to the criteria of the law n.º 9795, from 27th April, 1999, which ordain about Educação Ambiental - EA [Environmental Education]. Therefore, considerations have been conducted about the concepts of Sustainable School and the Programa Dinheiro Direto na Escola – PDDE [Money Directly into the School Programme], as well as the relevance of the formation groups on the effectuation of discussions about Environmental Education. To develop this analysis, interviews were carried out with environmental educators and environmental education managers who have taken part on the formation and development of this programme, in which they were able to present their opinions about the affirmative actions of implementation and the predicaments addressed for its effectuation, having assessed the aspects that have weakened its national structure. Considering the idea of transforming the awareness of the environment starting from the schools , according to the concept of Sustainable Schools , the Programme presents itself as innovative , but not found is consolidated as a public politics for lack of institutional support , undermining its applicability , evaluation and continuity.
Contribuições da matemática financeira para o ensino médio: o uso de tributos em tarefas de sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-05)
Pinheiro, Cláudio Júlio César
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Oliveira, Paulo César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7516513469811353
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3314260201886761
The aim of this research is to verify the contributions of the tribute studies of Financial Mathematics contents for High School. The income tax implicates several areas of public and private interests. The tax collection is one of the mainly public funds resources, it’s necessary for the accomplishment of state functions. To discuss the taxes history with Financial Mathematics relating to the student routine was the center of attention in this Master’s Thesis in the financial education construction of the participating subjects of the research. The task was developed, by lessons, in a private school in Votorantim, in São Paulo’s countryside. The research-professor worked with the subject of Mathematics all along the Middle School and High School; the peculiarity that appointed a qualitative nature research. To the produce of our labor’s information, initially we did a diagnostic with our students and we determined their acknowledge about the abbreviations and conventional taxes’ purposes in our society. We aim to present in this labor the meaning of each abbreviation (taxes’ initials), tax collection and distribution tax. We elaborated and applied lessons divided in two steps: the research about taxes and questions about applicability of taxes with financial mathematics contents. The leading question of our research had the following elaboration: What contributions the study of taxes can generate in the learning of financial mathematics for High School students? The outcomes of our research showed that to insert the student in the historical taxes context, associating them with questions related to social context of our research subjects, contributes to the learning of the financial mathematics program contents, which are usually approached by the perspective of formulas application and algorithms, meaningless.
Análise da sensibilidade do investimento em relação ao fluxo de caixa: um estudo nas empresas da indústria brasileira listadas na BM&FBOVESPA entre os anos 2004 e 2014
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-05)
Machado, Kalleb de Souza Rangel
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Meirelles, Jorge Luís Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0026759386506030
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2711700602272074
Modigliani and Miller`s seminal article, published in 1958, gave great contribution to modern financial theory. The assumptions that guided this article stated that in a perfect capital market, the capital structure of the company did not interfere in its investment decision because the internal and external financing costs were perfect substitutes, as well as the fact that the company operates an investment opportunity if the rate of return on the investment is equal to or greater than the average cost of capital. Many authors, refuting the assumptions of Modigliani and Miller, and considering the existence of problems related to market imperfections and asymmetry information, now it has started to include variables in their models that capture these imperfections and demonstrated that some companies had restrictions on access to foreign credit market. Fazzari, Hubbard and Petersen (1988) are among the authors and have developed a model that aimed to demonstrate that the market imperfections could limit the gain of external funding for some companies. The results showed that there was investment sensitivity to cash flow, assuring the hypothesis of financial constraint in the companies analyzed. Due to this fact, the present research has as its goals to analyze the investment-cash flow sensitivities for Brazilian companies in the industries manufacture and extractive listed on the BM&FBOVESPA from 2004 and 2014 and the following two sub-periods of 2004 to 2008 and 2009 to 2014. To test the financial constraint hypothesis was used panel data, wherein data from the secondary system Economática were used. Thus, obtained results by the method of OLS, proved inconsistent, do not corroborate for all periods analyzed, the hypothesis defended by Fazzari, Hubbard and Petersen (1988)
Possíveis relações entre formas de provimento do cargo e percepções de diretores escolares sobre o exercício de suas funções
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-05)
Silveira, Caroline Rodrigues
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3763523593941626
The globalization process experienced in recent decades has been responsible for numerous social, political and cultural factors that have changed society and, consequently, how the education has to be conceived. Such changes have brought a market bias for practices related to school management, since increased to autonomy of the institutions as regards the financial aspects. Concurrently with this, it has become the rule, from the 1988 Federal Constitution and the Law of Directives and Bases of National Education 1996, a democratic bias of school management, from which communities and families should actively participate in decisions on school environment. Since then, many were the struggles for democratic management in fact happen in schools, marking thus the search for a quality education for all. However, in some municipalities it is not a rule, since the provision mode of public school management positions still occurs from political statements, in view of external interests to the school environment and their present needs. Thus, this study aims to analyze the perceptions of four public school principals of a town in the interior in order to understand their relationship with the position of the provision so that in this case, is given by political appointment. Through interviews with such directors could realize their ideas about education, school management, indiscipline and other pedagogical aspects are closely linked to the political aspects of his office, greatly changing the way the actions are developed in practice and how education it is designed and developed.
Recuperação de lipase BTL-2 de Bacillus thermocatenulatus produzida em Escherichia coli recombinante empregando suportes magnéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-06)
Lopes, Laiane Antunes
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Kopp, Willian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3856554957880380
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Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9695542424889786
Magnetic supports have gained attention because the magnetic separation is easy, has low cost and high efficiency. Moreover, it allows the purification and immobilization of a biomolecules in single step. Lipases are hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis and the synthesis of esters from glycerol and long chain fatty acids. Lipase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus (BTL-2) has interesting properties such as stability at high temperatures (50 °C), alkaline pH (9.0-11.0) and organic solvent (2-propanol, acetone and methanol). In view of the characteristics that makes BTL-2 a promising lipase for industrial application, concentration and purification is of great importance for implementation in industrial scale. In this context, this study aimed to purify and to immobilize BTL-2 lipase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus produced in recombinant Escherichia coli using magnetic silica microparticles (SMMps). Initially, it was determined the best condition for extraction of the enzyme, changing the pH, buffer and ionic strengh during the sonication. Sodium phosphate buffer 100 mM pH 8.0 has shown to be the best condition for the enzyme extraction. The adsorption of lipase on SMMP-octyl was compared with the adsorption performed using agarose-octyl and silica-octyl. The agarose-octyl support showed the best enzyme adsorption yield (RAE), 92.9%, and higher selectivity in the adsorption of the enzyme. The SMMP-octyl showed higher adsorption capacity per volume of support (189.45 UTBU/mL) than silica-octyl. In order to improve the SMMP adsorption performance, it was changed the octyl groups density on the support surface, by activating with theoretical percentages of 25%, 50% and 75% of octyl groups. SMMP-octyl 75%, after activation with 75% of octyl groups, showed to be the best condition, reaching adsorption with RAE of 92.87% (374.33 UTBU/mL), similar to the obtained using agarose-octyl. The commercial macroporous silica (IM S60P) was also used for comparison of activation procedures with different densities of octyl groups (25, 50, 75 and 100%). The results obtained showed higher activity and the adsorbed protein by support volume with SMMp than silica for all activation degrees. Dessorption tests, however, showed to be possible to dessorve all enzyme from the agarose-octyl, but not from SMMp and silica-octil. The presence of negative charges in silica particles, due to possible ionic interaction with the enzyme may be responsible for this result. The concentration of Triton X-100 0.4% was the best concentration to desorb the enzyme of SMMP-octyl 25%, 75% and 100% and concentration of 0.5% (w/v) was the best concentration for desorption in SMMP-octyl 50%. Adsorption tests in the presence of cellular debris were performed and presented similar behavior those ones observed for the centrifuged and dyalized enzyme solutions: the SMMP-octyl 75% showed higher RAE (71.25%) in the presence of cellular debris. Esterification reactions, using the adsorved enzyme on SMMp in different activation degrees as catalysts, showed that the derivative SMMP-octyl 75% allowed reaching 60.93% conversion in butyrate butyl after 24 hours of reaction. The BTL-2 adsorbed derived directly from cell debris in SMMP-octyl were used in recycles and showed satisfactory conversion in the first cycle, however it decreased in the following cycles.
Terra e política : etnografia da luta antibarragem de indígenas e agricultores contra Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas da bacia do rio Branco (RO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-06)
Furlan, Vinícius Teixeira
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0571267277128155
The hydroelectric projects in Brazil are marked by an assumption of progress and national development that runs simultaneously with a territorial expansion of areas destinated to many economic activities such as agriculture, livestock and mineral extraction. In many biomes and watersheds we have recent clashes between the expansionist developmental logic with the environmental issues and the traditional peoples. In this context that Small Hydroelectric Power Plants (SHP) from the rio Branco basin (RO), which since 1993 continue multiplying along that river. Because these are smaller projects – dams that generates below than 30MW – they don‘t need a study of environmental impacts and so, the impacted people remain vulnerable to impacts that were not formally predicted. This thesis takes as it‘s starting point the process of bulding these hydroeletrics projects and their impacts on the region‘s population. It aims to describe about the process of clashes and struggle by the indigenous people and small farmers, as well their perspectives to the changes that occured from the construction of the dams. The research took place in diferentes etnographic places: i) reading the legal process in the Ministério Público Federal ii) with the indigenous people, in the Terra Indigena Rio Branco; and iii) with the farmers, most of them, linked to the Movimento dos Pequenos Agricultores (MPA); and in so many other intersections in my path research.
Tempo de espera para a ocorrência de palavras em ensaios de Markov
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-04-06)
Florencio, Mariele Parteli
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Gava, Renato Jacob
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0494315910583969
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0161279835618234
Consider a sequence of independent coin flips where we denote the result of any landing for H, if coming up head, or T, otherwise. Create patterns with H's and T's, for example, HHHHH or HTHTH. How many times do we have to land the same coin until one such two patterns happens? For example, let the sequences being THTHHHHH and TTHTTHTHTH. The number of times that we landed the coin until HHHHH and HTHTH happens it was eight and ten times respectively. We can generalize this idea for a finite number of patterns in any nite set. Then, the rst of all interest of this dissertation is to nd the distribution of the waiting time until a member of a nite colection of patterns is observed in a sequence of Markov chains of letters in from finite set. More speci cally the letters in a nite set are generated by Markov chain until one of the patterns in any fi nite set happens. Besides that, we will find the probability of a pattern happen before of all patterns in the same nite set. Finally we will find the generator function of probability of waiting time.