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Efeitos da fototerapia em marcadores inflamatórios, na função mitocondrial e no estresse oxidativo em roedores com diabetes induzida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-05-09) Rocha, José Carlos Tatmatsu; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5824495261923279
Tissue repair in diabetic patients is hampered by several factors, including secretion of insulin deficiency that leads to hyperglycemia and production of free radicals. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as one of the probable factors of DM. It is known that phototherapy has proliferative effects in tissues with some pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of phototherapy using laser and low power LED on tissue regeneration, oxidative stress and mitochondrial markers in diabetic animals. Methodology: 20 Swiss mice (30g, 6 weeks) for the study relating to oxidative stress and 20 Wistar rats (250 g, 8 weeks) were subjected to induction of DM (streptozotocin injection 70 mg / kg) and after 120 days follow up, suffered skin lesions and were treated with Low Level Laser Therapy and LED for 5 consecutive days and on day 6 the animals were killed and the skin removed. Another group of animals (20 male Wistar rats weighing 250 g, 8 weeks) was subjected to laser irradiation and in the LED region of the pancreas for 5 consecutive days and on day 6 animals were killed and the pancreas, liver, and gastrocnemius muscle were removed. Animals were divided into four groups: Sham (healthy control), NID (non-irradiated diabetic), DLED (diabetic irradiated by LED) and DLASER (diabetic irradiated by LED). Levels of catalase, thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), nitrite, collagen content, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) Mitofusin 2 (MFN2), Mitochondrial fission 1 protein (FIS1) liver and muscle glycogen and functional insulin and glucose tests were measured. Results: It was observed in the skin of these animals, increase in collagen content and angiogenesis in irradiated diabetic animals, TBARS levels and lower nitrite in irradiated diabetic. Furthermore, COX-2 expression was higher among NID compared to SHAM and DLED groups. DLED showed the highest scores against MFN2 and FIS1 expression was higher in DLASER group. Laser and LED Therapy altered the expression of VEGF and COX2 and stimulated the proliferation of mature collagen fibers in diabetic animal wounds. About irradiation over pancreas results showed that the NID group, hepatic and muscle glycogen content were statistically lower than DLASER and DLED groups. Adding to these data, the density of the pancreatic duct and pancreatic islets were significantly different when compared to NID. These results suggest that both the low-level laser LED obtained as potential therapeutic effects on the skin and pancreas under conditions hyperglycemic and that both therapies acted modulating histological, angiogenic and mitochondrial parameters on pancreas and skin of diabetic animals.
Dinâmica populacional de Megastigmus transvaalensis (Hymenoptera Torymidae) em Schinus terebinthifolius na região de Sorocaba, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-05-09) Ghiotto, Thaís Carneiro; Ferreira Filho, Pedro José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3952696627229150; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0006053172794882
Megastigmus transvaalensis is an exotic wasp that attacks Brazilian pepper tree drupes Schinus terebinthifolius in native forests and areas of restoration and ecological restoration in Brazil. The parasitism begins with the oviposition M. transvaalensis in drupes S. terebinthifolius where the larvae hatch and remain internally feeding of nutrients and tissue, affecting germination. The aim of this work was to study the effect of temperature, rainfall and humidity in the population dynamics of M. transvaalensis and determine the parasitism rate and sex ratio of this wasp in drupes S. terebinthifolius. The study was performed with yellow sticky traps and collection of S. terebinthifolius drupes in seasonal semideciduous forest during August 2014 to September 2015, in the region of Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The capture of insects through the sticky traps proved satisfactory, and thus can be applied to the monitoring of small Hymenopteros. Populations of M. transvaalensis were negatively correlated with the maximum temperature and population peak in the fall of 2015, meaning that when the maximum temperature has reduced, there is a higher incidence of insect field. The parasitism rate of S. terebinthifolius drupes ranged from zero to 36.34% during this period, making this value an aggravating factor for the emergence of new individuals, since this phytophagous wasp has the potential to be spread throughout Brazil and It poses a threat to the natural regeneration of S. terebinthifolius. The sex ratio of M. transvaalensis was 0.42 and 0.08 in the laboratory field. The bio-ecology and the damage caused by M. transvaalensis in drupes S. terebinthifolius warrant further studies to integrated management