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Avaliação da durabilidade do concreto utilizado em postes em São Luís
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-20)
Santos, Vito Assis Alencar dos
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Ribeiro, Daniel Véras
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Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4215904653567324
Reinforced concrete structures built in coastal areas, such as electricity distribution poles, are constantly attacked by aggressive environmental agents. Rebar corrosion mechanism is a specific manifestation of electrochemical corrosion in an aqueous medium, thus the mechanism of corrosion of steel in concrete develops only in the presence of water or environment with high relative humidity (R.H.>60%). Chloride is known as one of the most aggressive environmental agents, causing rebar corrosion and consequent degradation of the concrete. Chlorides can reach the steel reinforcement through the pores network present in the concrete, if the device is close to marine atmosphere. The chloride content increases with time, and can attack the entire surface of the rebar, and may result in severe and dangerous corrosion velocity. Corrosion results in a decrease in rebar section and cracking of the concrete in parallel direction. The cracks occur because of corrosion products occupy more space than the original steel. In São Luis, concrete poles located on the coastal area has presented different types of pathology, mostly linked to performance of the chlorine ions. As a consequence, the life of these parts has reduced dramatically, generating maintenance costs. Therefore, this study intended to develop alternatives aimed at increasing the durability of reinforced concrete poles, by reducing the transfer of chlorides in their concrete cover, through variations in trace and concrete chemical composition, evaluating the influence of these parameters on its mechanical resistance. Therefore, many specimens were shaped with different compositions, using Type CPII E-32 Portland cement (compound slag) with water / cement ratio ranging between 0.4 and 0.5. Concrete mixtures containing silica fume (in order to reduce the capillary) and red mud additions (in order to protect the equipment by reducing the free chloride content) were also tested. Durability assessment of concrete was based on the results of its physical and mechanical characterization, on the electrical resistivity evaluation of concrete and rebar corrosion potential. Results show that silica fume and red mud addition reduces porosity and water absorption of concrete samples, as well increases mechanical strength, when compared to currently used concrete for poles manufacturing in São Luis. Additionally, it revealed a drastic reduction in rebar corrosivity when covered by concrete with these additions, tripling the life time of poles.
Canjerê: uma performance cartográfica em patrimônio cultural, educação e africanidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-20)
Gama, Alessandra Regina
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Ferreira, Dulcinéia de Fátima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9339578170693084
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4715439042855393
This study aimed present the máster’s dissertation named Canjerê: uma performance cartográfica em patrimônio cultural, educação e africanidades, held in the Postgraduate Program in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). This research is proposed to follow the process of an experience lived by individuals and black cultural practices, which resulted in creation of Instituto Baobá de Cultura e Arte – o Ibaô – in Campinas (SP). The movement of this research reveals an experience as possible against what is hegemonic tax as only true culture, from the practice of Capoeira and other black cultural expressivity. Based on the invisibility of issue of black people, this process offers clues to the construction of aternatives that break the dominant models, weaving reflections on the social hostilities that affect the uniqueness and identity construction centered africanities and as the prospect of knowledge of ecology can contribute to the construction of new existential territories.
Privacy agents in the IoT : considerations on how to balance agent autonomy and user control in privacy decisions
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-20)
Colnago, Jessica Helena
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Anacleto, Junia Coutinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1786860846146115
This thesis explored aspects that can help balance the level of user control and system autonomy for intelligent privacy agents in the context of the Internet of Things. This proposed balance could be reached considering aspects related to wanting to be interrupted to have control and being able to be interrupted to exert this control. Through literature review of interruption and privacy literature, variables related to these two perspectives were identified. This led to the variable set "Intelligent Privacy Interruptions”. To verify and validate this set, two research actions were performed. The first one was an online survey that allowed us to perform a sanity check that these variables were acceptable in this work’s context. The second was an experience sampling user study with 21 participants that allowed us to better understand how user behavior is informed by these variables. Based on these two interventions it was possible to note that the selected variables seem to show relevance and that they can be used to inform the development and design of privacy agents. The limitations of the partial results notwithstanding, through a quantitative analysis of data collected form the user study and the qualitative analysis of the exit interviews, it was possible to note a common mental process between the participants of the user study when deciding whether to withhold or delegate decision control to the agent. Future studies should be performed to verify the possibility of expansion and creation of a behavior and preference model that can be integrated to the decisionmaking system of intelligent privacy agents.
As contribuições do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID) para a construção de saberes sobre a docência : o caso do PIBID-Biologia da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-20)
Santos, Mariana dos
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Freitas, Denise de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3330976062026878
This work falls within the scope of the investigation of the initial teacher training, investigating the Institutional Scholarship Program Introduction to Teaching. This is a case study in which it is carried out an analysis of PIBID-Biology subproject of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), which is part of PIBID UFSCar-institutional project. From an analysis of all documents relating to the implementation of the project at all levels (national, institutional and subproject) as well as the interview with researchers involved in the construction of these projects, we built a description of the processes involving the construction of the national project, as well as the institutional design and, finally, the subproject Biology UFSCar. This first step was the context for understanding, through analysis of reflective portfolios produced by scholars, the dimensions of teaching knowledge built by undergraduates as scholarship students from PIBID. In light of the training teacher references (NÓVOA, 2009; ANDRÉ, 2012, GATTI, BARRETTO & ANDRÉ 2011, Zeichner, 2010, among others), knowledge of the teachers (PEPPER, 2005 Tardif, 2000, 2007) and also Complexity Theory (BONIL & PUJOL, 2008; RIBERAYGUA, 2012; MORIN, 2004, 2005), we realized that, despite the PIBID have characteristics that approach a complex and dynamic model, students have many difficulties in view their performance as part of a complex system that involves not only the classroom but the entire surroundings. We understand that this may occur because not always the PIBID works in coordination with the context , undermining thus functioning as a dynamic and complex system , requiring several adjustments and improvements in this program.
Caracterização fenotípica e molecular do painel brasileiro de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-20)
Barreto, Fernanda Zatti
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Margarido, Gabriel Rodrigues Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812059891202992
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Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334
Sugarcane is a renewable source of energy and has potential for expansion. The economic importance of sugarcane is due to its use as raw material, mainly for the sugar and ethanol production and, more recently for the electricity generation from lignocellulosic residues. The genetic improvement of sugarcane is responsible for releasing more productive and resistant cultivars but, however, is a long process with high cost. Furthermore, the sugarcane is polyploid and often presents aneuploid, which makes the work of breeding programs even more hampered. Thus, the phenotypic and molecular knowledge of the access that are commonly used for the crosses to obtain segregating populations or that are part of genebanks of breeding programs is of extreme importance, because this knowledge may drive the improvement process and increases the chances of selecting superior cultivars that meet the demand of the sugarcane industry. In this work, a panel of 242 genotypes of sugarcane, which compose the Brazilian Panel of Sugarcane Genotypes (PBGCA), was planted in the Agricultural Sciences Center of the Federal University of São Carlos, at Araras-SP, in a completely randomized block design with four replications. We evakuated eight phenotypic traits of economic importance: stalk height (m), stalk diameter (mm), stalk number, total weight (kg), soluble solids content (ºBrix), juice sucrose content (POL%Caldo), cane sucrose content (POL%Cana) and fiber content (FIB%); and also the incidence of brown rust (Puccínia melanocephala) at field and the presence of the resistance gene of this disease (Bru1). The estimate of variance, genotypic correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed the genetic diversity of PBGCA, which has, for example, contrasting genotypes for sucrose content and fiber content. In addition, from all resistant accessions on the field to brown rust, 72.30% present the Bru1 gene, which is strongly associated with resistance. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of PBGCA showed to be an efficiently important guide for the breeding strategies and enables future studies of association between traits of economic importance and molecular markers in order to perform assisted selection in sugarcane.
O trabalho cotidiano da gestão escolar : percepções dos diretores da educação infantil da rede municipal de Araraquara
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-21)
Bertochi, Patrícia Ribeiro Tempesta
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Gama, Renata Prenstteter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2347100141868742
This research has the general objective to analyze the perceptions that school directors from kindergarten in the city of Araraquara / SP have on their own work in order to identify if they understand their eminently pedagogical nature. For this, a qualitative research was done, interpretative type, using questionnaires and semi-structured interview. The data analysis used the triangulation technique, building a profile and an analysis of their perceptions of the pedagogical and administrative activities. For this analysis, the study is based on the concepts of school administration (PARO 2011, 2015); and formation in school management, autonomy and decentralization of education (LÜCK, 2000). It supports also the idea of the need to build a theory for the administration of public school and valorization of the Pedagogic Political Project (SILVA JR, 2015;. VEIGA, 2009). This study deals with, briefly, the subject of education in postmodernity (Hargreaves, 1998), seeking to establish a relationship of social change - democratization of education and the new clientele; crisis of utopias and knowledge; dynamism and access to information - and its new demand for school, changing roles of agents that act on it. This process resulted analytical axes: "Options for career"; "Insertion in school management"; "School director formations" and "Activities undertaken by the director." Data composed the profile of an overloaded professional, devalued, responsible and hamstrung. In relation to its activities directors emphasize pedagogical is not a priority since the purpose of exclusively bureaucratic overlaps them. In the case of directors of early childhood education in Araraquara, this scenario is intensified due to the lack of a team of administrative and pedagogical support. In this respect, there is a devaluation of this level as the other directors of the network, the other levels and programs, which entered the same process with the same requirements, have these agents. Consequently, perceives the hegemonic thought that the school of early childhood education is a guard location and care of children without educational nature. As for the numerous formations made by the directors, none was cited as something significant in aid of their activities, so this research brought contributions to the initial and continuing education, demonstrating the need for dialogue with the everyday working practices of directors, avoiding also a clash with the real beginner’s directors. As for the results, for the Municipal Araraquara and its supervisory staff, the data show the number of documents requested, sometimes with the same data and the difficulty of the director alone, turn to the pedagogical work, and noted the need reframing of this position, due to the working conditions and depreciation already mentioned. The data also showed that this research brought moments of reflection for directors on the roles they play, including raising the request of some of them to create a study group. Finally, for the researcher and supervisor, which in this movement to stop to listen to these managers, its operations and spurred to seek new knowledge and ways of doing things that enable the pedagogical action of directors in schools.
Perfil dos ácidos graxos em espécies de microalgas de água doce da família Selenastraceae (Chlorophyta) como característica quimiotaxonômica e prospecção de aplicabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-21)
Mori, Cilene Cristina
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8994644354883320
The identification Selenastraceae family organism is performed by optical microscopy only on diacritic characteristics, what has been questioned from recent molecular studies. Conflicts between phylogenetic, morphologic and genetic results were found after analysis of a large number of species Selenastraceae, and misidentification and consequently error in the classification directly leads to that the underestimation of species from Selenastraceae family. An alternative to these errors in identification and classification would be avoided using a polyphasic taxonomic approach to this family, combining to morphology, genetics, physiology and chemotaxonomy. Therefore, the use of fatty acids found in microalgae as an alternative to contribute assist in identification can be feasible. Using this information, this study considered the fatty acids of sixteen strains of microalgae from Selenastraceae family and found specific fatty acids and may differentiate between strains of microalgae and has presented fatty acids indicators from the Selenastraceae families (C18:3ω3 and C18:4ω6), Scenedesmaceae (C18:2ω6, C18:1ω9, C16:2ω6) and Oocystaceae (C18:3ω6) and also genera Monoraphidium (C16:1ω9 and C16:3ω6), Coelastrum (C18:1ω9) and Nephrocytium (C18:3ω6). Among Selenastraceae was detected potential with fatty acids for the production of biofuels (C18:1ω9), to feeding to animals (C16:0) and polyunsaturated for human nutritional supplements (C18:3ω3, C18:2ω6 and C16:4ω3) according the growing stage of these organisms.
O passado, o presente e o futuro nas plantas Puruborá (Rondônia)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-21)
Menezes, Tarsila dos Reis
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Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9434329640868150
The intent of this work is to conduct an ethnographic study of the relationships between the Puruborá (a Tupi-speaking Amazonian group) from the village of Aperoí (state of Rondônia, Brazil) and plants, considering that this relationships permeates this people‟s ethnic reorganization based on the past and their keeping alive of what was taken from them, their traditional territory. Through the care of yards, it's remarkable the Puruborá‟s concern in maintaining them organized, clean, aesthetically beautiful and with appropriately cultivated plants. To the Puruborá, it's an imperative to keep a clean yard. The large variety of plants that circulate throughout the many village‟s yards is a reflection of the diversity of species within each area. The search for new and renewed of plants in the village of Aperoí is a never-ending task. According to the Puruborá, the Cigana area (their former traditional territory) once had even more plant diversity than Aperoí does today. Therefore, the plants create a connection between past and present, but also with the future. I say “future” because they are included in the prosperous plans of reforesting the village after official territorial demarcation: “Here‟s going to be like it used to be in Cigana”.
Interpretação analítico-comportamental da inferência dedutiva nas formas silogísticas, a partir da Teoria das Molduras Relacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22)
Aran Cebria, Jaume Ferran
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9190789655184482
This is a theoretical paper that, given a longstanding difficulty of approaching logical reasoning from a behavioral perspective, attempts to provide an interpretation of Aristotelian syllogisms consistent with Relational Frame Theory, thus proposing a new relational frame, i.e. Relational Frames of Deductive Inference. To that end, it was analyzed, on the one hand, the account of syllogisms found in Aristotle’s Prior analytics, highlighting relevant concepts and, on the other hand, RFT literature, mainly the 2001 book by Hayes, Barnes-Holmes & Roche. In this light, we argue that Aristotelian syllogisms present the necessary features of any relational frame and also a specific pattern and specific relational cues that set it apart from other already defined relational frames. Understanding logical reasoning as operant behavior (in this case, a specific type of arbitrarily applicable relational responding) may constitute a necessary first step in developing empirical methods for the study of such an important class of behaviors.
Uma proposta de sequência didática sobre a Teoria da Relatividade Restrita: perspectivas e avaliações dos professores de física do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22)
Batista, Carla Fernanda
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Colato, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5460973924624757
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-007X
Currently, we live surrounded by technology everywhere, which makes knowledge of Modern and Contemporary Physics indispensable. Researchers justify the importance of incorporating these contents into high school education, but there is a scarcity of studies addressing the methods that should be applied in the classroom. For this reason, this study develops research on the development of a didactic sequence of the Theory of Special Relativity in Zabala's conception, which high school Physics teachers analyzed for its suitability, as well as identifying potential contributions and limitations. The research also examines whether the contents of Modern and Contemporary Physics are addressed in the classroom, whether teachers are prepared to teach these subjects, what methodologies they use, and whether they have any limitations in their approach. The research methodology is qualitative. To achieve the intended objectives, three stages were carried out: the first stage was an interview, with the objective of establishing initial contact with the teachers and gathering information about them; the second stage involved delivering the sequence along with a framework containing guiding questions to assist teachers in analyzing it; and the third stage consisted of collecting the analyzed sequence and recording the responses to the guiding questions. The purpose of this stage was to gather further information regarding the analysis. All interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed and analyzed. The analysis of the interview transcriptions was conducted using the assumptions of Content Analysis. Through this analysis, it was observed that teachers are in favor of integrating Modern and Contemporary Physics into high school education. However, when it comes to the specific topic of the Theory of Special Relativity, some claim that it would not be feasible. Some of these teachers do not address Modern and Contemporary Physics, and consequently, they do not cover the Theory of Special Relativity in the classroom, which may be related to the fact that these topics are not included in the curriculum of the state of São Paulo. Some of them also stated that they are not equipped to teach these subjects. Therefore, it can be concluded that the integration of Modern and Contemporary Physics is still a controversial subject, as some teachers find it viable while others do not. Thus, further research and analysis are necessary on a larger scale, as incorporating these topics would support both the initial and continuing education of teachers, as well as the organization of the curriculum itself.
Comportamento de arara-azul-de-lear (Anodorhynchus leari, Bonaparte, 1856) em cativeiro e a influência da técnica flocking na interação de pares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22)
Favoretto, Gabriela Rodrigues
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4893884541256405
The Lear's Macaw (Anodorhyncus leari) is an endemic parrot of northeastern Bahia state, classified as endangered mainly due to the destruction of their habitats and wildlife trade. It was recently discovered in the wild, and few studies are known for this species. Understanding behavioral patterns of species threatened by extinction is essential for developing effective conservation strategies. Here we describe the behavioral repertoire of a group of this species maintained by the São Paulo Zoological Park Foundation. We carried out observations between October 2014 and February 2015, totaling 348 hours of sampling effort through ad libitum continuous record, in two different environmental conditions, both in in pairs and in flock. We described 60 behavioral states, grouped in categories maintenance, locomotion, feeding, social, stereotyped, reproductive and alert. We also found five patterns of vocalization (alarm, contact, cohesion, reproduction and imitation). Most of the behaviors described for other species is also reported here to A. leari, more similar to A. hyacinthinus. We discuss the differences in order to contribute to the formulation of a behavioral profile for this species, and with information that may assist in maintaining normal behavior in captivity.
Abordagens de modelos de filas com abandono para análise de congestão em Call Centers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22)
Ferrari, Sidney Carlos
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6143855122522970
This work deals with the analysis of queueing systems for Call Centers regarding the possibility of the customer abandon the system before being served, due to his/her impatience. The Call Centers are service organizations that predominantly serve customers by phone calls and are considered a particular kind of Contact Centers that serve their costumers through phone, fax, e-mail, chat, mobile devices and other communication channels. From a business point of view, the main concern on the management of the Call Center is the offer quality service with minimum cost. The perception of the quality of services offered is expressed, by customer, for example, through the abandonment of queue, which is considered one of the most important operational measures to evaluate the performance of a Call Center. This work aims to present and apply analytical queueing models with abandonment, represented by generic probability distributions (particularly mixed distributions), as an effective analysis approach to represent the problem of congestion in Call Center systems and support decisions of dimensioning and operations on these systems. Two studies were conducted with Call Center extracted data of a company located in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil and another located overseas, in Israel. The parameters (e.g, arrival rate, service rate, abandonment rate) and some measures of performance (e.g, average waiting time, waiting probability, abandonment probability and traffic intensity) were established based on these data. These sampling measures were equated with the same measures achieved by the analytical queueing models M/M/c+G, M/Gc/1+G and M/G/c+G considered in this research, using the parameters obtained empirically and mixed, Exponential, Fatigue Life, Normal and Lognormal distributions to represent the abandonment (patience) of users. It was observed that in some cases, depending on the considered performance measure, the queueing models with mixed distributions for the abandonment have better results (minor deviations, compared to the real data) than their corresponding with nonmixed distributions. It was observed, also, that independently of the analyzed performance measures, the Call Centers may be represented by a analytical queueing model with a mixed distribution for abandonment times, which behaves better than the others. There were no evidences that the mixed distributions to represent the abandonment times were the best in all analyzed performance measures, but they were always competitive. It was used, also, an experimental model of discrete simulation that properly represents the Call Center in order to check the results of the analytical models and explore alternative scenarios. The same scenarios were considered with the theoretical model and the performance measures achieved by the simulation and by the theoretical models were compared, showing the potential of the use of the approaches based on analytical models with abandonment for the Call Centers analysis.
Ensaio sobre a genealogia, o ressentimento e o mestre ascético
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Andrade, Leandro Antonio de
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Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1924067174536382
This work deals primarily with the possible relationships and differences between Nietzsche and Foucault, considering the philosophical tonic each, from the way they understand and use the genealogical method. Then it makes a detailed analysis of the concept of resentment and ascetic priest present in the Genealogy of Morals. Finally, presents some possible correlations between resentment and pastoral concept of power Foucault, in order to explore their psychological substrate, a possible genesis of religious institutions and the proposal of a new concept, the ascetic teacher who comes to pass the ascetic priest for the appearance of the teacher in middle age.
Elementos de análise combinatória no ensino fundamental : uma abordagem com mágicas e resolução de problemas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Bassan, Débora Regina
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3804903987729140
This work AIMS to Develop the content of combinatorial analysis in the class of 6th and 7th grade of elementary school II in a school in the state of São Paulo. For this, there was the use of contextualized activities using leaves, activities and resources Involving magic, aiming to arouse curiosity and interest in learning Combinatorial through problem solving. The theme was chosen because of the difficulty of students in solving counting problems and is being explored little in basic education, although it appears in documents oficiais- National Curriculum Parameters and Curriculum of the State of São Paulo. We opted for the mathematical magic feature to make more meaningful and enjoyable learning Combinatorics, seeking the motivation of students to Actively Participate in class, joining the pleasure the act of learning. During the performance of activities, it was Noted que the students felt motivated, Relating the content of combinatorial analysis with a fun practice by magic. They Showed great enthusiasm in carrying out the activities, Especially in the days que had the magic. The didactic proposal with the use of leaf-activities Reached most of the students, who Were Involved and were very active During class, Resulting in collegues learning Combinatorial Analysis content. All activities Reached The proposed objectives, validating the Proposed teacher. After the completion of the activities, students felt more confident to expose Their reasoning, presenting solving strategies and explore the problem in search of a suitable solution.
O protagonismo do educando na construção de jogos e sua replicabilidade em sala de aula como instrumento de fixação e recuperação contínua
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Escobedo, Mateus Beluca
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Malagutti, Pedro Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462523657624050
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9982618994840441
This work related about games construction and application in classroom, aiming the development of competence and ability prescribed in Sao Paulo State Curriculum, further helping the continuous fixation and assistance. The topics are Sequences, Progressions and Volumes. Each content was initially worked with chalk and board, and, then, valued. Posteriorly the games were built by the students and applied in classroom. After the perception of necessary changes in one of the games, the adjustments were made and the game was reapplied. The results were satisfactory, further having significant possibility of improvement. The steps of the work are separately reported, from the content choices to be worked, passing throughout didactic engineering (diagnostic assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation) beside the results, in way to favor the proper understanding about the work to provide the review of the importance of games as a relevant factor in mathematics teaching, fixation and knowledge building.
Efeito agudo do alongamento estático no desempenho neuromuscular de idosas : comparação entre membros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Gonçalves, Raquel
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Gobbi, Sebastião
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5384743643617207
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Rebelatto, José Rubens
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684247449456330
The aim of the present study was to analyze the acute effects of static stretching on isometric peak torque (PT), electromyographic (EMG), maximum range of motion (ROM), peak passive torque and maximum angle passive torque of elderly, in upper and lower limbs. The sample consisted of 15 women (67.0 ± 4.0 years old; 70.0 ± 12.0 kg, 1.56 ± 0.0 m; 28.6 ± 5.0 kg / m2). Isometric PT and EMG activity of the biceps brachii (BB) and biceps femoris (BF) were tested in two exercises (elbow flexion or knee flexion), after two separate conditions: stretching (S) (3 sets of 30 seconds) and control (C). Maximum ROM, peak passive peak torque and maximum angle passive torque were evaluated using an isokinetic dynamometer after the conditions S or C. Each day, only one condition and a type of exercise were tested and order employment for each condition and exercise were determined randomly. Three post-conditions were made to observe the behavior of force, muscle activity and ROM. The two-way ANOVA showed significant exercise interaction vs. condition (p = 0.01) to isometric PT, and the stretching caused significant decreases in isometric PT values for the knee flexors (8%) and no change was observed in the elbow flexors isometric PT values. There was no significant exercise interaction vs. condition (p = 0:14) to EMG for the BB and BF muscles. In addition, the paired t-test showed that the stretching protocol caused significant increase in the maximum ROM (p = 0.01), but the peak torque and maximum angle passive torque remained unchanged. In conclusion, acute series of static stretching may affect the ability of the knee flexors to produce maximum muscle strength, but do not affect the performance of the elbow flexors. Further, three series of 30-second static stretching increases the knee flexors maximum ROM, but do not alter the peak torque and maximum angle passive torque of elderly women.
Uso de etograma na conservação de Jacutingas - Aburria jacutinga (Spix, 1825) (Galliformes: Cracidae) : comportamento antipredatório e avaliação de dieta como subsídio para a criação e soltura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Rivera, Douglas Nazareth
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4920538834903325
The jacutinga (Aburria jacutinga) is a large frugivore bird in the process of extinction primarily by hunting and habitat destruction. Endemic of Atlantic Forest, currently has limited distribution and isolated populations. For this reason, is the focus of some conservation programs aimed at the captive-breeding for later release and/or reintroduction into unique environments of the species. This study used behavioral assessments in a pre-release rearing system, and promoted training aimed at food aspects and predator recognition. It was observed 31 jacutingas and produced a ethogram with 68 behavioral acts, grouped into eight categories. After, were held training sessions to food type and antipredator type. Food training intended to assess food acceptance and promotion of foraging behavior. It offered 32 different food items, six of which were not accepted. It was noticed diversification acceptance of food items, especially fruits and seeds up to 20 mm, but also leaves and flowers. For foraging behaviors observed, as the capture and handling of food items, they are performed only when the jacutinga achieves the item with its beak. This may be the reason for the jacutingas remain for long periods in the same tree, when it finds items for their food. For the antipredator training it were used three models of predators: a feline (Leopardus tigrinus), one raptor (Pseudastur polionotus) and domestic dogs. In these training sessions were observed eight jacutingas. Both training sessions were positive, with behavioral responses of surveillance and defense to the models used. Also, memory tests were performed where the same models were presented for jacutingas, after 30 days of training. The results of the memory tests indicate that there was a learning result of antipredator training. The jacutingas showed the expected responses (similar to the training) when the models were presented. It highlights the importance of the work, because the results are assisting in the rehabilitation process of individuals to be used in future releases. The entire process developed in this study is being used experimentally as a pilot in" Protocolo de Soltura de Jacutingas " coordinated by SAVE Brazil. The training and the tests are intended to increase the survival rate of birds used in release programs, through techniques that enhance and/or induce the production of behaviors that express survival skills in nature; in this case, foraging skills and predator recognition as behavioral indicators to obtain individual fitness.
Barreiras e potenciais facilitadores para implantação de compras sustentáveis na Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-23)
Assandre, Junior Aparecido
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Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1927212195836219
Issues of environmental concern and changes in the interaction between society and the environment gained prominence in recent years. In this context public educational institutions, among them the Federal Universities should assume a position of spread of initiatives that promote consumption patterns and more sustainable production and serve as a mirror to society, as a vital role in social and professional training of individuals, can significantly influence the aspects of culture, ethics and citizenship. Universities are driving new standards, whether as a result of the provision of social services to them is charged or leading by example by exercising the employer function and consumers on a large scale. Before relevant scenario the general aim of this study was to analyze the barriers and facilitators to implementation of sustainable procurement at the Federal University of São Carlos. The survey was conducted as to its purpose and exploratory and descriptive of its overall objectives. Having a qualitative approach which included multiple forms of research and used as a method action research, in order to understand and intervene in the situation. Through this method were three bidding processes with sustainability criteria in UFSCar. The main results revealed that even though a team of experienced bidding the institution should overcome barriers as a market incipient supplier, products and services with higher costs, lack of involvement of the participating units of the process, low degree of planning and the need for policy institutional sustainable procurement, for effective implementation of this type of acquisition.
Efeito agudo da fototerapia por meio de diodos emissores de luz (LED) na cinética do consumo de oxigênio pulmonar, desoxigenação muscular e na resposta de glicemia e lactacidemia em homens com diabetes mellitus e saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Francisco, Cristina de Oliveira
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7665896448082766
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is responsible for quality of life reduction due its negative impact in the physical exercise capacity. The impairment of cardiopulmonary fitness and lower values in oxygen uptake in exercise tests has been associated with factors related with diabetes complications. Phototherapy is a resource largely utilized due it action in biological systems and it may be adjuvant to exercise to improve muscular efficiency and increase aerobic capacity. Thus, the question if this resource may be benefit to populations with DM. Therefore, we proposed a study protocol randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled to evaluate the acute effect of light emitting diode (LED) in cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments of moderate exercise in cycloergometer, as well as, in lactate and glucose levels pre and post intervention and after exercise in men aged between 45 and 64 years, with DM and health. Then, two studies were performed. In the study 1 it was evaluated the acute effect of phototherapy (LED-150J) in two groups: DM group (DMG) and health group (HG) (n=16 and n=9, respectively). The groups were paired by age and body mass index. The LED reduced significantly the glucose levels in DMG after exercise and do not affect the lactate levels, cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments of aerobic exercise in both groups. Our results suggest that LED in combination with moderate exercise decrease acutely the glucose levels in adult subjects with DM. The study 2 aimed evaluate the acute effect of two different doses of phototherapy. Participated in this study two groups of men with DM: LED-150J (n=16) and LED-300J (n=17). The LED-150J reduced the levels of glucose after exercise. The LED-300J increased the lactate levels after exercise in effective session compared with placebo. Any doses changed the cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments. This study demonstrated that the phototherapy with LED using the 300J dose did not improved the parameters studied and the 150J dose improved the glycaemia and should be used in combination with other therapies for the hyperglycemia management in individuals with DM. The general conclusion of this thesis is that our findings suggest that phototherapy associated with moderate physical exercise have therapeutic potential to control glycaemia in DM, however, further studies should be conducted investigating the dose window and dose-response capable to change acutely the cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic adjustments and lactate levels.
Explorando abordagens de classificação contextual para floresta de caminhos ótimos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Osaku, Daniel
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Levada, Alexandre Luís Magalhães
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
Pattern recognition techniques have been widely studied and disseminated in order to develop ways to improve the e ectiveness of the pattern classi ers using labeled samples. However, such techniques usually work following the premise that the samples are independent and identically distributed in the feature space, taking into account only the local properties of the image and no information about the correlations between neighboring pixels are employed. The Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) classi er models the instances as the nodes of a graph, being the problem now is reduced to a partition of this graph. Although there are approaches that consider the context in the pattern recognition process, there is no such version for Optimum-Path Forest up to date. Thus, one of the main goal of the presented thesis is to propose a contextual version for the OPF classi er, which would employes contextual informations to support the data classi cation task using methods based on information theory and Markov Random Fields for such purpose. Since the Markov models are parameter-dependent and it is not a straightforward task to nd out the optimal values for such parameters because can assume in nite solutions, another contribution of this work is to propose an approach for modeling the process of nd out the parameters as a optimization problem, being the tness function to be maximized is the OPF accuracy over a labeled set. The results obtained by contextual classi cation were better than traditional classi cation results, as well as the optimization methods applied seemed to be a good alternative to ne-tune parameters of the Markov models as well.