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Uma proposta de sequência didática sobre a Teoria da Relatividade Restrita: perspectivas e avaliações dos professores de física do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22) Batista, Carla Fernanda; Colato, Alexandre; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5460973924624757; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-007X
Currently, we live surrounded by technology everywhere, which makes knowledge of Modern and Contemporary Physics indispensable. Researchers justify the importance of incorporating these contents into high school education, but there is a scarcity of studies addressing the methods that should be applied in the classroom. For this reason, this study develops research on the development of a didactic sequence of the Theory of Special Relativity in Zabala's conception, which high school Physics teachers analyzed for its suitability, as well as identifying potential contributions and limitations. The research also examines whether the contents of Modern and Contemporary Physics are addressed in the classroom, whether teachers are prepared to teach these subjects, what methodologies they use, and whether they have any limitations in their approach. The research methodology is qualitative. To achieve the intended objectives, three stages were carried out: the first stage was an interview, with the objective of establishing initial contact with the teachers and gathering information about them; the second stage involved delivering the sequence along with a framework containing guiding questions to assist teachers in analyzing it; and the third stage consisted of collecting the analyzed sequence and recording the responses to the guiding questions. The purpose of this stage was to gather further information regarding the analysis. All interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed and analyzed. The analysis of the interview transcriptions was conducted using the assumptions of Content Analysis. Through this analysis, it was observed that teachers are in favor of integrating Modern and Contemporary Physics into high school education. However, when it comes to the specific topic of the Theory of Special Relativity, some claim that it would not be feasible. Some of these teachers do not address Modern and Contemporary Physics, and consequently, they do not cover the Theory of Special Relativity in the classroom, which may be related to the fact that these topics are not included in the curriculum of the state of São Paulo. Some of them also stated that they are not equipped to teach these subjects. Therefore, it can be concluded that the integration of Modern and Contemporary Physics is still a controversial subject, as some teachers find it viable while others do not. Thus, further research and analysis are necessary on a larger scale, as incorporating these topics would support both the initial and continuing education of teachers, as well as the organization of the curriculum itself.
Interpretação analítico-comportamental da inferência dedutiva nas formas silogísticas, a partir da Teoria das Molduras Relacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22) Aran Cebria, Jaume Ferran; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9190789655184482
This is a theoretical paper that, given a longstanding difficulty of approaching logical reasoning from a behavioral perspective, attempts to provide an interpretation of Aristotelian syllogisms consistent with Relational Frame Theory, thus proposing a new relational frame, i.e. Relational Frames of Deductive Inference. To that end, it was analyzed, on the one hand, the account of syllogisms found in Aristotle’s Prior analytics, highlighting relevant concepts and, on the other hand, RFT literature, mainly the 2001 book by Hayes, Barnes-Holmes & Roche. In this light, we argue that Aristotelian syllogisms present the necessary features of any relational frame and also a specific pattern and specific relational cues that set it apart from other already defined relational frames. Understanding logical reasoning as operant behavior (in this case, a specific type of arbitrarily applicable relational responding) may constitute a necessary first step in developing empirical methods for the study of such an important class of behaviors.
Comportamento de arara-azul-de-lear (Anodorhynchus leari, Bonaparte, 1856) em cativeiro e a influência da técnica flocking na interação de pares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22) Favoretto, Gabriela Rodrigues; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4893884541256405
The Lear's Macaw (Anodorhyncus leari) is an endemic parrot of northeastern Bahia state, classified as endangered mainly due to the destruction of their habitats and wildlife trade. It was recently discovered in the wild, and few studies are known for this species. Understanding behavioral patterns of species threatened by extinction is essential for developing effective conservation strategies. Here we describe the behavioral repertoire of a group of this species maintained by the São Paulo Zoological Park Foundation. We carried out observations between October 2014 and February 2015, totaling 348 hours of sampling effort through ad libitum continuous record, in two different environmental conditions, both in in pairs and in flock. We described 60 behavioral states, grouped in categories maintenance, locomotion, feeding, social, stereotyped, reproductive and alert. We also found five patterns of vocalization (alarm, contact, cohesion, reproduction and imitation). Most of the behaviors described for other species is also reported here to A. leari, more similar to A. hyacinthinus. We discuss the differences in order to contribute to the formulation of a behavioral profile for this species, and with information that may assist in maintaining normal behavior in captivity.
Abordagens de modelos de filas com abandono para análise de congestão em Call Centers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-22) Ferrari, Sidney Carlos; Morabito Neto, Reinaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6143855122522970
This work deals with the analysis of queueing systems for Call Centers regarding the possibility of the customer abandon the system before being served, due to his/her impatience. The Call Centers are service organizations that predominantly serve customers by phone calls and are considered a particular kind of Contact Centers that serve their costumers through phone, fax, e-mail, chat, mobile devices and other communication channels. From a business point of view, the main concern on the management of the Call Center is the offer quality service with minimum cost. The perception of the quality of services offered is expressed, by customer, for example, through the abandonment of queue, which is considered one of the most important operational measures to evaluate the performance of a Call Center. This work aims to present and apply analytical queueing models with abandonment, represented by generic probability distributions (particularly mixed distributions), as an effective analysis approach to represent the problem of congestion in Call Center systems and support decisions of dimensioning and operations on these systems. Two studies were conducted with Call Center extracted data of a company located in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil and another located overseas, in Israel. The parameters (e.g, arrival rate, service rate, abandonment rate) and some measures of performance (e.g, average waiting time, waiting probability, abandonment probability and traffic intensity) were established based on these data. These sampling measures were equated with the same measures achieved by the analytical queueing models M/M/c+G, M/Gc/1+G and M/G/c+G considered in this research, using the parameters obtained empirically and mixed, Exponential, Fatigue Life, Normal and Lognormal distributions to represent the abandonment (patience) of users. It was observed that in some cases, depending on the considered performance measure, the queueing models with mixed distributions for the abandonment have better results (minor deviations, compared to the real data) than their corresponding with nonmixed distributions. It was observed, also, that independently of the analyzed performance measures, the Call Centers may be represented by a analytical queueing model with a mixed distribution for abandonment times, which behaves better than the others. There were no evidences that the mixed distributions to represent the abandonment times were the best in all analyzed performance measures, but they were always competitive. It was used, also, an experimental model of discrete simulation that properly represents the Call Center in order to check the results of the analytical models and explore alternative scenarios. The same scenarios were considered with the theoretical model and the performance measures achieved by the simulation and by the theoretical models were compared, showing the potential of the use of the approaches based on analytical models with abandonment for the Call Centers analysis.