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Efeito agudo da fototerapia por meio de diodos emissores de luz (LED) na cinética do consumo de oxigênio pulmonar, desoxigenação muscular e na resposta de glicemia e lactacidemia em homens com diabetes mellitus e saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Francisco, Cristina de Oliveira
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7665896448082766
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is responsible for quality of life reduction due its negative impact in the physical exercise capacity. The impairment of cardiopulmonary fitness and lower values in oxygen uptake in exercise tests has been associated with factors related with diabetes complications. Phototherapy is a resource largely utilized due it action in biological systems and it may be adjuvant to exercise to improve muscular efficiency and increase aerobic capacity. Thus, the question if this resource may be benefit to populations with DM. Therefore, we proposed a study protocol randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled to evaluate the acute effect of light emitting diode (LED) in cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments of moderate exercise in cycloergometer, as well as, in lactate and glucose levels pre and post intervention and after exercise in men aged between 45 and 64 years, with DM and health. Then, two studies were performed. In the study 1 it was evaluated the acute effect of phototherapy (LED-150J) in two groups: DM group (DMG) and health group (HG) (n=16 and n=9, respectively). The groups were paired by age and body mass index. The LED reduced significantly the glucose levels in DMG after exercise and do not affect the lactate levels, cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments of aerobic exercise in both groups. Our results suggest that LED in combination with moderate exercise decrease acutely the glucose levels in adult subjects with DM. The study 2 aimed evaluate the acute effect of two different doses of phototherapy. Participated in this study two groups of men with DM: LED-150J (n=16) and LED-300J (n=17). The LED-150J reduced the levels of glucose after exercise. The LED-300J increased the lactate levels after exercise in effective session compared with placebo. Any doses changed the cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic adjustments. This study demonstrated that the phototherapy with LED using the 300J dose did not improved the parameters studied and the 150J dose improved the glycaemia and should be used in combination with other therapies for the hyperglycemia management in individuals with DM. The general conclusion of this thesis is that our findings suggest that phototherapy associated with moderate physical exercise have therapeutic potential to control glycaemia in DM, however, further studies should be conducted investigating the dose window and dose-response capable to change acutely the cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic adjustments and lactate levels.
Explorando abordagens de classificação contextual para floresta de caminhos ótimos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Osaku, Daniel
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Levada, Alexandre Luís Magalhães
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
Pattern recognition techniques have been widely studied and disseminated in order to develop ways to improve the e ectiveness of the pattern classi ers using labeled samples. However, such techniques usually work following the premise that the samples are independent and identically distributed in the feature space, taking into account only the local properties of the image and no information about the correlations between neighboring pixels are employed. The Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) classi er models the instances as the nodes of a graph, being the problem now is reduced to a partition of this graph. Although there are approaches that consider the context in the pattern recognition process, there is no such version for Optimum-Path Forest up to date. Thus, one of the main goal of the presented thesis is to propose a contextual version for the OPF classi er, which would employes contextual informations to support the data classi cation task using methods based on information theory and Markov Random Fields for such purpose. Since the Markov models are parameter-dependent and it is not a straightforward task to nd out the optimal values for such parameters because can assume in nite solutions, another contribution of this work is to propose an approach for modeling the process of nd out the parameters as a optimization problem, being the tness function to be maximized is the OPF accuracy over a labeled set. The results obtained by contextual classi cation were better than traditional classi cation results, as well as the optimization methods applied seemed to be a good alternative to ne-tune parameters of the Markov models as well.
Pesquisa-ação para criação de sistemática de avaliação de riscos em responsabilidade civil em uma empresa de seguros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Moraes, Luciano Peloche
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Martins, Manoel Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921504261628850
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9000512978686078
The insurance market in Brazil and in the world is passing through a considerable growth in its business. This growth is followed by an increasing level of claims that impact directly the results of the insurances companies that faces the challenge of seeing your profitability being consumed by the payment of indemnity to the insured customers. Some of the customers companies have bigger exposure to the Casualty risks, third part risks. One type of industry extremely exposed to those risks is the food industry. There are concepts and risk management techniques to face this trend of claims. This thesis present the development of a project to evaluate and manage risks in an insurance company, aiming to contribute to the quality improvement in the overwriting process of a casualty insurance policy, specifically to the food industry due to its high hazard. The insurance company mentioned has nine offices with nine overwriting teams in different countries, with different cultures, values, exigencies and litigiousness. Those important differences had a big impact in the speed of the implementation and, consequently, impacted also the obtained results. It has been evaluated quantitative results, as the number of inquiries to the engineering team, that present a 33% growth and also qualitative results, as the improvement of input data to the overwriting and engineering team. Another qualitative positive result was the overwriting of customers that was not even quoted in the past and finally the elimination of reinsurance to some customers. The last one will bring a positive result in a near future, by the end of the financial year. To summarize, it is presented the general overall evaluation process and opportunities of futures projects.
Qualidade do sono em mulheres com disfunções do trato urinário inferior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Albanezi, Daniele Furtado
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2883772944805384
Climacteric women have considerable prevalence of both disorders of the pelvic floor, such as urinary incontinence (UI) and nocturia, as sleep disorders, which can compromise the quality of life and sleep. Therefore, this thesis aims to: (1) compare the sleep of quality women's with and without UI and correlate the sleep of quality with the quality of life of women; (2) determine the effects of treatment with electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve (ENT) on the sleep of quality in women with nocturia. The two studies used to evaluate the slee´of quality the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) to assess quality of life in addition to these two tools, the study (2) used the Scale Epworth sleepiness to assess daytime sleepiness and by vaginal palpation and perineometer evaluated the pelvic floor muscles before and after treatments. For the study (1) were evaluated 60 women incontinence (UI stress-SUI, urgency incontinence-IUU or mixed IU-IUM) and continents, while for the study (2) were evaluated 40 women with nocturia allocated for the two types of proposed treatments, one group received ENT (GENT) and another group received training of the pelvic floor muscles + behavioral therapy (GTMAP + CT) for 12 weeks with a weekly service. Given the results presented in the study (1), it can be observed that women with UUI and MUI had worse overall PSQI score and worst sleep area and provision of KHQ, compared to women with SUI also IUM was related to worst score of areas: limitation of activities of daily living (compared to SUI), physical limitations (compared to SUI and UUI), personal relationships (compared to UUI). Both women continents as those presented IUU had worse habitual sleep efficiency, compared to those with SUI. Nocturia showed moderate positive correlation with sleep area and provision of KHQ and the total PSQI score in women with UI. After the two treatments proposed in the study (2) was observed improvement in quality according to the domains of PSQI sleep: subjective sleep quality, latency, sleep duration, total score. Moreover, 35% of them now have no more nocturia, indicating that both techniques are effective to reduce the number of awakenings during the night to urinate. The improvement in daytime sleepiness was observed in GTMAP + CT, and daytime dysfunction (PSQI) in GENT. Regarding quality of life, both groups improved in the KHQ domains: AVD limitation, emotions, sleep and mood and severity measures; the GTMAP + CT showed a significant improvement in UI impact area compared to GENT. Faced with the above results, it is concluded that women with MUI and UUI have worse sleep quality and life than women with SUI, and that with the treatment of ENT or TMAP + CT can improve the sleep of quality and quality of life women with nocturia.
Avaliação do potencial biotecnológico de microorganismos associados ao inseto-praga diabrotica speciosa na produção de polímeros biobaseados e biodegradáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-24)
Perlatti, Bruno
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4970807426339978
Technological development and market pressure turned polymers into widely used structural materials for several different applications, being manufactured by a wide range of monomers. However, traditional polymers usually show some drawbacks regarding environmental aspects, as most used polymers are produced with nonrenewable feedstock and generate huge amounts of non-biodegradable residues. Therefore it is imperative the sustainable development of new bio-based and biodegradable polymeric materials. The use of microorganisms for obtaining biopolymers is a very promising reality. However, in order to achieve viable production in industrial scale it is necessary to overcome economic barriers, by using microbes with good assimilation of low-cost substrates and high biopolymer yields. As such, the objective of this work was the isolation and identification of bacteria associated with the insect Diabrotica speciosa, as well as the evaluation microbial capacity of biopolymer production. The insect presented great microbial diversity, identified as an underexplored niche with tremendous biotechnological potential for the investigation of novel species and/or strains. In an attempt to find bacterial isolates effective on the production of two classes of biopolymers, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and exopolysaccharides (EPS), it was obtained 73 strains of bacteria associated with Diabrotica speciosa. These bacteria were identified at genus level by genetic techniques using 16S rDNA sequencing and by proteomic techniques using MALDI-TOF MS. Both characterization methods yielded 100% convergence on results. It was found 17 different bacterial genera, which were submitted to qualitative screening assays in order to identify strains producing PHA using Nile Red dye method, as well as for EPS by using the bacterial spot test. Promising strains on both assays were selected for further quantitative studies and structural characterization of the obtained biopolymers. Quantitative analyses for PHA production corroborated satisfactorily with qualitative results, especially to bacteria from genera Aurantimonas and Delftia which demonstrated high PHA production capacity with 50 and 90% polymer yield on dry mass, both strains being strains able to use substrates such as glucose, acetate and glycerol. GC-MS analyses indicated that Aurantimonas sp. produced mostly a homopolymer of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), while Delftia sp. was able to produce a copolymer having butyrate and valerate (PHBV), with up to 10% (w/w) of valerate. Regarding EPS production, the screening showed that the isolates were able to produce polymers in variable amounts, with vast and complex structural variations. Strains from genera Acidovorax, Aurantimonas and Luteibacter were further selected for quantitative analysis of EPS production and analytical characterization of the obtained biopolymer. After analyses using NMR, MALDI-TOF, SEC-UV-ELSD and GC-MS, bacteria from genus Luteibacter produced a highly complex polymer rich in mannose, glucose, fucose and xylose; genus Acidovorax produced a glucomannan-type EPS with a high degree of branching; and genus Aurantimonas was able to produce up to 2 g.L-1 of a water insoluble EPS. In face of these results, it was possible to conclude that D. speciosa microbiota showed to be extremely rich in bacterial species viable for exploratory studies with biotechnological context of biopolymer production. Investigated strains showed promising characteristics to be further evaluated in larger scale (fermenters), especially the bacteria Aurantimonas sp., able to produce PHBV and EPS.
Effects of natural aging and gender on pro-inflammatory markers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-25)
Milan-Mattos, Juliana Cristina
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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Perseguini, Natália Maria
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Minatel, Vinicius
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Rehder-Santos, Patricia
Etograma de mico-leão-preto (Leontopithecus chrysopygus, Mikan, 1823) em cativeiro, com ênfase no comportamento reprodutivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-26)
Oliveira, Mayara Ferreira de
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Del Lama, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8180043188952106
The interest in knowing and observing animals increased the habit of keeping them in captivity, starting the creation of zoos around the world. They have being modernized through the time and acquiring a new concept in education and research, in which the conservation of the species is placed in the foreground. The research in captivity cover many areas of study, such as parasitology, pathology, genetics, and more, allowing closer contact with the animal and making it easier to access the information that is difficult to get in nature. However, the study of animal behavior stands out among these areas, as it collaborates with several researches, allowing a more detailed knowledge about the behavioral characteristics of the species, as described in this study. Populations of black lions tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) kept in captivity are targets of researches that aim to get more information about the species, helping their conservation. The preparation of a detailed behavioral catalog for the species was the objective of this article, emphasizing the description and analysis of reproductive and socio-reproductive behavior. Took part in the first stage of the study four couples of captive black lions tamarins in an extra section of the São Paulo Zoo. In the second stage, there were more four captives couples from the Conservation Center of Wild Fauna of the State of São Paulo (CECFAU), where two of them also belonged to the previous group. The observations lasted four months in each study area and were held from Ad libitum methods to make the ethogram (90 full observation hours) and focal animal with instant registration, with 30-minute sessions and 1-minute intervals for frequency analysis. It was also analyzed the use of the grounds of the using area (divided into quadrants) and the proximity of the animals, which have resulted in a high frequency of use of the upper quadrants in the sections of the Sao Paulo Zoo, as well as the holding area and plays in facilities of the CECFAU, being noticed, in both areas, the animals away from each other most of the time of the observation. Forty-five different behavioral acts were detected, divided into 11 behavioral categories to make the analysis of the frequencies easier. The categories most performed by the animals were Locomotion, Food and Physiological behavior for couples of the Sao Paulo Zoo, as well as for couples CECFAU, except for the category “Not visible” that showed high representativeness for this latter individuals, corroborating the frequency that the animals stay in holding area and burrows, where they were out of the observer's reach. In Reproductive and Socio-reproductive behaviors were observed "copulation", "smell genital”, "hold behind", "copulation simulation" and "genital markings". It is suggested non-invasive endocrine studies, by analyzing fecal metabolites concentrations that, associated with observations of behavior, can certainly help the reproductive study of the species.
Soybean biorefinery with residues exploitation : process assessment
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Pretto, Cristine De
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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Costa, Caliane Bastos Borba
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602653870311562
Soybean seed is a renewable feedstock and the production process of soybean meal and soybean refined oil generates residues that can be exploited, in such a way that the biorefinery concept can be applied to this production process. For this reason, this work aimed to analyse the employment of the biorefinery concept to a soybean crushing and refining facility, exploiting applications for the residues generated during the process. For that, first, information and data from literature about the traditional manufacture process of soybean meal and refined soybean oil were collected and the residues produced during this process were identified. Once the residues were recognized, data in academic literature about possible applications for the residues were collected. Next, the traditional process for producing soybean refined oil and defatted meal was simulated using a commercial simulator. The amounts of residues generated and energetic requirements were calculated. The amount of residues generated during soy protein concentrate (SPC) and soy protein isolate (SPI) process production were also obtained by simulations of these processes. Following, an application for each residue (except for SPI residues) was simulated in the same software and the results were analysed. It was verified that soybean straw and hulls could fulfill the energetic demand of the crushing, refining and biodiesel production process and even a surplus of electricity could be generated, especially when biodiesel was also used as a boiler fuel. Four residues from refining process are generated: gums, soapstock, spent bleaching earth and deodorizer distillate. From gums, it is possible to produce lecithin. From soapstock and spent bleaching earth, biodiesel can be generated, although it generates more residues and consumes more steam than the production of biodiesel from degummed oil. From deodorizer distillate, it is possible to concentrate tocopherols, which is an antioxidant and can be sold for its antioxidant properties. Soybean molasses generated during the concentration of proteins from soybean meal can also be used for electrical energy production.
Estudo da coordenação do processo de projeto arquitetônico em escritório de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Permonian, Raquel Ragonesi
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Marques Neto, José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9443060034868667
It is noticed in the last years a prominent growth in the national construction industry which has driven to an increase in competitiveness among its professionals. These new levels of competitiveness have led professionals to study possible innovations in the design process to create more efficient and cost effective planning methods. In general, architectural designers choose to develop their products using 2D design software. These tools are often able to meet the minimum representational requirements. However, technological breakthroughs have brought up new methods that are capable of adding quality to the final product, namely the executive project. Therefore, this study sought the theoretical background to present a review about concepts in 2D design process and the context of its coordination. As complement of that, the study aims to reveal possible qualitative increments to the project phases through the use of performance flowcharts of the existing steps inside the studied company, which takes into consideration the current scenario surrounding technologies in Brazil. This approach required the development of case studies to assess the coordination of architectural design process typology adopted in small office. Three projects of different sizes, based on the most commonly found typology in the studied company, were chosen in order to conceptualize the development of the design process. Based on that, the case studies were produced and evaluated to yield proposals for new studies regarding coordinative improvements in the design process. These studies focus an ideal performance model for design project management. Thus, the noticeable outcome of this study is that the target company must incorporate new methods to refine the design process once it presents noncompliant quality and excessive rework due to the lack of compatibility among projects. In addition, another evident fact affecting the product quality is that employees of this company deal with a high demand of parallel activities which reduces their productivity and consequently decreases the quality of the final product.
Envelhecimento, antropometria dos pés e pressões plantares em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Aurichio, Thaís Rabiatti
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Manfio, Eliane Fátima
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Rebelatto, José Rubens
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684247449456330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238432716592204
Many studies note the anthropometric and postural differences of elderly feet compared with young feet, which may be responsible for the inappropriate use of footwear by older people. The types and characteristics of footwear affect de plantar pressures during gait and, if abnormal can cause foot pain and functional disability in this population. The aim of this study was verify the influence of aging on anthropometric and postural variables of elderly feet over a period of eight years (Manuscript I), and evaluate the foot anthropometry and plantar pressures during the use of different types of usual elderly footwear, with and without foot pain (Manuscript II). In the first study, 47 older people with average age of 76 (5.18) years were evaluated at three time points over eight years. In the second study 31 elderly women with average age of 75.9 (5.6) years were evaluated the foot anthropometry, the foot pain and the plantar pressures during the use of habitual footwear, with the Pedar system (Novel Eletronics, Munich, Alemanha). The values assigned to the characteristics of their footwear were also assessed. Appropriate statistical analyzes were conducted using the SPSS 17.0 software. There are subtle anthropometric differences in elderly feet, which suggests that intergenerational differences showed by literature to occur just prior to the study period. Older women who use flats have higher overload at hindfoot, and those with foot pain have less force at hallux during gait propulsion and higher force at midfoot. These women assign lower values to the walk, fit and comfort of their shoes. Footwear industries should produce specific products for the older people, with modern and functional design and flexible materials that contribute to the fit and comfort of the feet during gait.
Ensino programado para o planejamento de aulas de matemática de ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Médici, Arthur Damião
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Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2767863425745220
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
Lesson planning is part of the teaching and learning process. Given the effects of planning on teacher behavior, some initiatives use lesson planning as teacher training procedure. A lesson plan - desired product of the planning process - highlights key aspects of teaching conditions within a lesson and the information presented in it may vary according to the function of that plan. A lesson plan is a tool that ensures the registration of practice and can serve to continue improving these practices. Problems occur when the conditions given in a lesson plan do not match - or correspond in an oversimplified way to - the actual conditions created in class. Investigations conducted in Brazil give evidence that the practice of preparing lesson plans is often seen as bureaucracy to be fulfilled by the institution. In addition to this, in some institutions, teachers are responsible for the implementation of lesson plans already drawn up, however, planning lessons is necessary since teachers deal with different students in different educational situations, which requires that the teacher is able to plan an effective class for each school condition. Mathematics is a subject of increasing importance in national and international curricula as it constitutes the basis for all scientific and technological development in various areas of knowledge. There is requirement that mathematics be taught in a way that makes sense to the reality of the students, however it evolves as science increasingly abstract. Therefore, teachers should be prepared to create teaching conditions that make sense for their apprentices. The teaching program is a method that allows the identification and description of relevant behavior and educational conditions to promote them and evaluate them. Through educational programming was possible to identify relevant behaviors for teachers, more specifically, behaviors related to the planning of teaching conditions. Through educational programming it is possible to identify behaviors relevant to plan lessons taking into account relevant aspects of teaching conditions in which the teacher must plan. Thus, this study aimed to develop and test the effectiveness of an educational program for math teachers of elementary school whose purpose is to plan lessons. For the preparation of the program have used the mathematics curriculum of primary education in the state of São Paulo, instructional self material development of educational programs, articles indicating effective practices for teaching and learning and teaching materials in mathematics with examples of activities . Two employees were consulted one with understanding in educational programming and other training of mathematics teachers. The preparation of the program involved the justification of the relevance of the program, the description of the terminal objective, analysis of the ultimate goal in intermediate goals, description of intermediate goals in its functional parts, the description of the teaching conditions, the drafting of background papers of teaching units and the drafting of educational activities. All products have been sent to reviewers for comments and improvement. In addition, the self-correcting feature of the programming process, products were enhanced as new products were developed. Behavior was proposed as a terminal for the program of this study - to prepare math lesson plan - and three intermediate behaviors were identified in the first level - propose teaching objectives, specify teaching and specify assessment procedures. Each of the intermediate behaviors on the first level was the objective of each of the teaching units of the program. The elaborate program consists of a pre-test, self initial assessment, three teaching units, a post-test and self final evaluation. It has auto format instructional - so you do not need a mediator to be applied - and, therefore, has some features to help the learner to realize their own learning as early examples, check fields, display fields and response resubmission , response checklists and self assessments. For the analysis of program effectiveness, 5 undergraduate students in mathematics and three mathematics teachers participated in the application. Participants performed all activities proposed by individually program at times of their convenience. After each participant terminate implementation of the program, an interview was conducted opinion. Programmer and an external evaluator examined the performance in pre- and post-tests. Programmer evaluated the performance in educational units. They were also examined the reports on self assessments and interviews about the program. As a result of analysis of its effectiveness, it is possible to observe an improvement of the performance of pre to post in all cases and the most obvious improvements were E3 and D2 - both are the worst performing in the pretest - and less expressive E1 and E5 - E1 having higher performance in the pretest and E5. performance close to the average. Items related to the proposition teaching objectives had greater improvement. The opposite occurred with items related to assessment procedures specification. E3 and D2 that have more obvious improvements in the pre-test also had the best performance in teaching units. E1 had worse performance in teaching and low improvement in pre- to post-test. The best performances were observed for the unit 3 (evaluation) and the worst for the unit 1 (teaching objectives). Participants, in general, declared better prepared to plan lessons with the exception of E2 and D1 which had slight decline. E1, E3 and D3 reported higher increase in / out being that E3 had high improvement pre / post-test and high performance in teaching units. The main positive aspects indicated by the participants is that the program offers additional support to that provided by the undergraduate degree, the sequence of the program corresponds to that in which planning should occur and that the texts and activities present examples applicable to the reality of teachers. The main suggestions made by participants to program improvement are providing additional examples of lesson plans, show less answers to reading questions, offer the program as a classroom course to be exchange of ideas and invest the program's direction for students of graduation. The auto format instructional program is used in different cases to promote behaviors in professionals in different areas, often resulting in increased performance of participants self instructional program when compared to the traditional education system - in which the instruction is provided by a mediator. There are differences between the performances in the tests and in educational units, which indicates the need to review the conditions of education and assessment of testing tools. Improve teaching conditions is part of the program and teaching can be proposed in future investigations. This study allows for a more detailed understanding of variables that must be taken into account in the preparation of math lesson plans. Also, it is a step considered by the literature as important for training teachers. Reviewing the implementation of planned lessons can also be an important aspect to be investigated by future research.
Modos de vida e convívio escolar : o assentamento rural Santa Helena - São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Mateus, Kergilêda Ambrosio de Oliveira
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1306323917704259
This work is a result of various concerns that have marked the personal and professional life of the researcher. We undertook efforts to investigate the social practice of the School Life of adult students who attend the Novo Horizonte School located in rural settlement called Santa Helena in São Carlos city - São Paulo state - and we seek to answer which educational processes are emerging from this social practice. To understand how seated teenagers and adults are educated regarding the social practice of the School Life; to describe those educational process and to analyze the meanings of this social practice in the life of its participants, we opted to utilize a methodological approach with a qualitative focus guided by a participative research. To collect the data, we used informal notes, informal chats and semi-structured interviews. As a result of this study, we identified that: participate in the struggle for a place to live is a way to educate; the absent of schooling does not mean the removal of fundamental knowledge for the life of the settlers of Santa Helena; the school life is configured as an important tool for strengthening the bonds of those who attends the literacy room of Novo Horizonte school, identified as a place for meetings and for the promotion of sociability; the field requires a different kind of school that promotes sociability of their subjects and respect their way of life, which should serve as a basis for their schooling. We hope that this work provokes new reflections about the social practice of the School Life and the way of life of men and women in rural settlements and, from these considerations, the resizing of new and other pedagogical approaches that consider their social and political reality and perceptions, desires and educational needs of these individuals.
Bioprospecção de isolados de leveduras e bactérias, provenientes da secreção oral de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) coletada em campo, antagônicos a Fusarium verticillioides (Nirenberg, 1976) e Colletotrichum falcatum (Went, 1893)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-28)
Silva, Larissa Chariel Domingos da
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Medeiros, Ane Hackbart de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315858319851377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4484772300971163
Insect symbionts may have unknown functions in the interaction between insect-plant and insect with microorganisms that co-inhabit the same space. The objective of this study was to investigate the antagonism potential of symbiont microbiota from oral secretion D. saccharalis collected in the field, against Fusarium verticillioides and Colletotrichum falcatum pathogens commonly found inside the cane. For this, 4° and 5° instar caterpillars were collected inside sugarcane varieties RB-835 054 and SP- 813 250, and brought to the lab inside the cane stalks. The microbiota of oral secretion was transferred to two selective media, NA (nutrient agar) for bacteria and DRBC (dicloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol) for yeast. Based on morphology and coloration of the colonies twenty colonies of bacteria and yeast were selected. Four culture media were tested in co-cultivation of F. verticillioides and C. falcatum versus bacteria or yeast isolates: PDA (potato, dextrose, agar), YEPD (yeast extract, peptone, dextrose), CCS (supplemented cane broth) and NA (Nutrient Agar). The most suitable culture medium for growth of most microorganisms was BDA. Antagonism potential of 82 bacterial isolates and 87 yeast isolates to C. falcatum and F. verticillioides was assessed using a visual scale of categories 1 to 4, with 4 being the maximum degree of antagonism. Isolates that allocated category greater than or equal to 2 were evaluated in co-culture with C. falcatum and F. verticillioides as the percentage of growth inhibition. It was possible to identify four isolates of bacteria which have the potential to inhibit growth of pathogens and 9 isolates with the same potential but with much lower percentages. These results demonstrate that some isolates of bacteria and yeast may influence the relationship between the bit-rot complex and sugarcane plant, may in future be used as a biological control of these pathogens or have some molecules of biotechnological interest extracted and purified.
O discurso sobre políticas educacionais presente na revista educação & sociedade (1978 – 1988)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-28)
Silva, Ana Lucia Calbaiser da
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Rothen, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5258083244883097
The aim of this study is to investigate the discourse of the academic community on educational public policies, that have been made in Brazil, in a period marked by the transition from military regime to democracy. As object of analysis, we chose the Educação & Sociedade magazine (1978-1988), whose maintainer is the Centro de Estudos Educação & Sociedade (CEDES). Edited since 1978, this magazine followed the development of important historical moments that marked Brazilian society, such as distension process of the military regime and the country's democratization. The magazine actively participated in these historic moments, making it a suitable space for debate and discussion on the directions of educational public policies. Currently, the magazine is considered a significant national journal in the field of education. The methodology used in this research was Epistemology Policy, which allowed us to explain and categorize both the intellectuals who broadcasted his studies in this journal as the discourses present in the work of these intellectuals. In the period investigated, Educação & Sociedade magazine proved to be a scientific communication vehicle of academic intellectuals. These are formed, mostly by intellectuals who had maximum doctorates and worked in the field of Education. Publishing, mostly single authorship studies, these intellectuals were active, mainly in public institutions of higher education. Although most of the authors had no direct link to the magazine, found that the intellectuals who published several studies that form worked in the process of organizing Educação & Sociedade magazine. The speeches published in the journal had a prescriptive and imperatives facing the criticism of the military regime and the pursuit of transforming reality. They were based on a political perspective guided by a reformist vision of public policies and a philosophical perspective based on the concept of praxis. In this conception, critical reflection is considered essential for the transformation of reality. With this political and philosophical perspective, they were published in the journal reflective and critical studies on Brazilian education. These studies emphasized the authoritarian and oppressive character of public policies of the military regime and denounced their ills for education. Moreover, there was criticism of the educational policies of welfare character, populist and clientelist, compensatory programs, policies that preserved and deepened social inequalities and education funding policies. On the other hand, the magazine published studies in support of the democratization of education policies, policies that had the goal of ensuring quality education for all and defense policies of secular education. The magazine was also a space for the discussion of transformative and democratic practices. Thus, the magazine defended the popular education and also participated in the constituent, forwarding along with other representative bodies, a proposal for constitutional principles for education. These principles, which also guided the editorial line of the magazine over the analysis period were the defense of public education for all, free, secular and democratic.
Fatores que influenciam no sucesso e longevidade do controle das ferrugens da cana-de-açúcar por variedades resistentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Mistura, Tatiane de Fátima
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Arias, Renée Silva
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Urashima, Alfredo Seiiti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289170266294665
Sugar, ethanol and bionergy are products generated from sugarcane, whose current demand remains high. However, two rust diseases have threatened its yield, brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala) and orange rust (P. kuehnii). The most efficient method to control these diseases is resistant varieties. The success and longevity of varieties depends basically on two factors: pathogen diversity and correct evaluation of genotype reaction. Therefore, chapter 1 of this dissertation aimed to examine phenotypic and genotypic diversity of rusts pathogens and existence of a direct correlation between these traits. Genotyping of P. melanocephala employed 31 isolates and 39 for P. kuehnii with 10 SSR markers. The genetic diversity was verified through UPGMA clustering and PCoA analyses. The phenotypic diversity was investigated by leaf lesion area and compatible/incompatible interaction between host and pathogen. Data of this work showed similar grouping between UPGMA and PCoA with identification of nine genetic subpopulations for P. kuehnii and 10 subpopulations for P. melanocephala. As for phenotypic diversity, three races were identified in P. kuehnii whereas two were detected in P. melanocephala. Direct correlation between genetic and phenotypic diversity was only observed in P. kuehnii. The chapter 2 examined reaction of five sugarcane commercial varieties to P. kuehnii over different period of time as well as quantity and viability of urediniospores. For disease progress disease, three isolates were inoculated on five varieties and their reactions evaluated 21, 28, 35, 42 days after by disease score. Disease reaction measured by quantity and viability of uredinispores was examined in two different trials. In the first, spores from different type of lesions were investigated 42 days after inoculation, in the second, spores from the same type of reaction but from a susceptible and resistance varieties were observed. Our data identified one variety which reaction changed over time. Therefore, in order to avoid false resistant materials other traits should be taking into account, quantity and viability of urediniospores.
Diferenças étnico-raciais e políticas de reconhecimento: perspectivas a partir do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e do Conselho Nacional de Educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Morais, Danilo de Souza
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4526442820479337
This research investigated the politics of recognition of ethnic-racial differences, based on the study of political-institutional public spaces of interlocution between state and non-state actors. We conducted a comparative study through documentary research, in the National Health Council (CNS) and the National Education Council (CNE), two examples of Public Policy Councils. Although significantly different from each other, since the 1988 National Constitution both have the function of participatory institutions. To present theoretical and methodological references, the dialogue between theories of recognition and subaltern studies, as well as the most recent developments in Brazil on research on participatory institutions, is used. It results from the investigation, in the analysis of the trajectories of constitution of the two councils, that the CNE enhances its formulation capacity, starting from the participative process of the council, but only when there is the sharing of projects between societal and state actors. The CNS enhances the decision-making capacity in the board's own participatory processes, therefore, with greater relative autonomy and less dependence on the consent of state and business actors. It has come to understand that in the period under review, on the political-discursive configurations produced in these councils, that the policy of recognition that emerges from the CNS - with the perspective of the health of the black population - is closer to the notions of substantive equality, while the policy of recognition formulated from the CNE - with the perspective of the education of ethnic-racial relations - is closer to a reinterpretation of the national, by the pretense of changing the pattern of racialized social relations.
Aplicação de MALDI-TOF MS na caracterização de microalgas da família Selenastraceae (Chlorophyta)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Mello, Rodrigo Ventura de
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9229998934829124
The morphological variability in the Selenastraceae family has been a barrier to a good establishment of well-defined taxonomic groups. Several studies with molecular compounds have already demonstrated its importance in the elucidation of this relation. In this scenario, the present study used a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization timeof- flight mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique as a tool to differentiation of the microalgae of this family at the species and strains levels. A group of 18 strains, belong to in 12 different species, of freshwater microalgae was selected. Cells and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were analyzed in the middle exponential growth phase. The analyzes were performed in two different mass ranges: 400 to 2,000 Da and 2,000 to 20,000 Da. Each strain that yielded unique spectra with a good resolution of peaks and reproducibility was selected for clusters analyzes. These spectra were used to make a dissimilarity analysis that showed the capability of differentiation of the strains and species. The strains of the genera Monoraphidium were not all grouped, possibly because it is a polyphyletic group. The praticity and quickness of this technique for data acquisition, allied with the low cost of the analysis, are factors that favor its application in taxonomic studies.
Sobre rosas e espinhos - experiências de trabalho com flores na região de Holambra (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Bueno, Juliana Dourado
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9670686595047765
This thesis aims to analyze the contradictions present in the cultivation of flowers, highlighting the life experiences of men and women working in the fields and greenhouses of flowers in the region of Holambra, São Paulo, Brazil. The theoretical references are the studies on rural wage and on the globalized intensive agricultural. The field research was conducted in four cities: Artur Nogueira, Holambra, Mogi Mirim and Santo Antônio de Posse. The narratives were collected through conversations and interviews at workers home. The methodology used was the Oral History, which allowed us to view the work in addition to the data brought by the official statistics, trying to break with the analyzes that polarize the productive and reproductive spaces, and naturalize the female skills. The research has allowed us to verify the existence of a variety of settings that make the work morphology in growing flowers - this diversity relates to the size of the properties and greenhouses, forms of employment (family labor, wage, unregistered work), and the place of residence of workers (rural districts, urban districts, producing colonies of flowers). People interviewed related that the working hours are intensified to fulfill the demands, there is exposure to pesticides and thorns of flowers, and carrying out the activity in the greenhouses and fields is often strenuous, which makes some people use medicines to face the workload. Finally, we present a discussion on ways of estrangement and the possibilities of creating emotional bonds with the plants, which causes the activity to be evaluated positively by workers.
Níveis de infecção de Babesia bovis, B. bigemina e Anaplasma marginale em búfalos criados no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Néo, Thalita Athiê
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Oliveira, Márcia Cristina de Sena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9396104171807912
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis are distinct diseases, which constitute the syndrome called tick fever, characterized by infection of red blood cells. Its distribution in herds causes the reduction in productivity and high economic losses to livestock worldwide. Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, and Babesia bigemina are the predominant species in Brazil. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is the biological vector of babesiosis and anaplasmosis may be transmitted by ticks, hematophagous flies, and fomites. It is known that the water buffalo can become infected with Babesia and Anaplasma, but little is known the extent of the infection and how it affects the health of these animals. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and the level of infection by B. bovis, B. bigemina and A. marginale in 108 water buffalo (50 calves and 58 adult females), naturally infested with the tick R. (B). microplus raised in farms located in areas of endemic stability in São Paulo state. From each animal, a blood sample from the jugular vein was taken for DNA extraction and packed cell volume (PCV) determination. Samples from auricular vessels were taken for blood smears. The body temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer column. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique was used to differentiate the serum of uninfected animals from the serum of animals infected with B. bovis. To this end, antigens derived from culture were immobilized on gold electrodes (150 nm thick) to give a biosensor device using the compound [Fe (CN) 6] 3- / 4-proof redox. The peripheral blood smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa for research of hemoparasites by optical microscopy. DNA extractions were performed using the Easy DNA TM Kit (Invitrogen). DNA amplification protocols were tested with primers specific to B. bigemina, B. bovis, and A. marginale using nested PCR (nPCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). qPCR was used to estimate the number of copies of the gene cytochrome b (mt-cytB) of both babesias and Anaplasma msp 1b gene in all samples. Merozoites of B. bigemina were seen in blood smears of three calves from the Alambari herd (all less than 0.1 of parasitemia). Molecular techniques, nPCR, and qPCR, were more sensitive in the detection of parasites that direct examination of the blood smears and the frequencies of infection were 20:37% and 100% for B. bovis and 59.26% and 100% to B. bigemina, respectively. CN of the mt-cytB gene of B. bovis and B. bigemina showed significant effects (p <0.05) of herd age, species, and their interaction. The CN values were higher (p≤0.05) for B. bovis (2.81 ± 0:07) when compared to B. bigemina (2.61 ± 12:07) and A. marginale (0:57 ± 0:07). These data suggest a high frequency of infection by B. bovis and B. bigemina in the population of water buffalo studied. Preliminary testing of diagnosing infection with B. bovis device showed changes in the impedance in the system used and clearly demonstrated that the biosensor can detect infected animals, which can be exploited for rapid detection of B. bovis infections and also extended for the test to other parasites.
Caracterização de desafios e estratégias de teste para sistemas adaptativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Siqueira, Bento Rafael
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3238780932820205
Context: Traditional testing approaches, considering the context of Adaptive Systems (ASs), have been evaluated incipiently and superficially with respect to their effectiveness in identifying faults. It is very clear the challenge of guaranteeing the correctness of ASs, due to the adaptive properties of these systems. Thus, the following question raises: how to characterise adequately and broadly the difficulties for testing ASs? There is not an approach that is driven by challenges found in the literature. Goals: In this work, we analysed and characterised the challenges faced by the testing activity when applied to ASSs. By characterising the challenges, we investigated testing strategies based on them. Methodology: In order to achieve the goals, we performed the following steps: (i) characterising the state-of-art of testing of ASs, using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR); (ii) investigating the challenges in source codes of real ASs that are available online in source code repositories; (iii) defining the testing strategy named T, based on the characterised challenges; (iv) defining the testing strategy T* based on the challenges and comprised by three testing approaches; (v) evaluating the effectiveness of the strategies T and T*; and (vi) investigating the challenges along the application of T and T*. Results: the main results were: (i) a characterisation of fine-grained and coarse-grained challenges for testing ASs; and (ii) two testing strategies based on such challenges. We evaluated the strategies by running an exploratory study which encompassed one AS and both testing strategies. Conclusion: The characterisation of challenges supported the definition and execution of the testing strategies. These strategies were able to reduce the impact of the challenges and to identify faults in the AS.