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Effects of natural aging and gender on pro-inflammatory markers
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-25)
Milan-Mattos, Juliana Cristina
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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Perseguini, Natália Maria
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Minatel, Vinicius
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Rehder-Santos, Patricia
Etograma de mico-leão-preto (Leontopithecus chrysopygus, Mikan, 1823) em cativeiro, com ênfase no comportamento reprodutivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-26)
Oliveira, Mayara Ferreira de
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Del Lama, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8180043188952106
The interest in knowing and observing animals increased the habit of keeping them in captivity, starting the creation of zoos around the world. They have being modernized through the time and acquiring a new concept in education and research, in which the conservation of the species is placed in the foreground. The research in captivity cover many areas of study, such as parasitology, pathology, genetics, and more, allowing closer contact with the animal and making it easier to access the information that is difficult to get in nature. However, the study of animal behavior stands out among these areas, as it collaborates with several researches, allowing a more detailed knowledge about the behavioral characteristics of the species, as described in this study. Populations of black lions tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) kept in captivity are targets of researches that aim to get more information about the species, helping their conservation. The preparation of a detailed behavioral catalog for the species was the objective of this article, emphasizing the description and analysis of reproductive and socio-reproductive behavior. Took part in the first stage of the study four couples of captive black lions tamarins in an extra section of the São Paulo Zoo. In the second stage, there were more four captives couples from the Conservation Center of Wild Fauna of the State of São Paulo (CECFAU), where two of them also belonged to the previous group. The observations lasted four months in each study area and were held from Ad libitum methods to make the ethogram (90 full observation hours) and focal animal with instant registration, with 30-minute sessions and 1-minute intervals for frequency analysis. It was also analyzed the use of the grounds of the using area (divided into quadrants) and the proximity of the animals, which have resulted in a high frequency of use of the upper quadrants in the sections of the Sao Paulo Zoo, as well as the holding area and plays in facilities of the CECFAU, being noticed, in both areas, the animals away from each other most of the time of the observation. Forty-five different behavioral acts were detected, divided into 11 behavioral categories to make the analysis of the frequencies easier. The categories most performed by the animals were Locomotion, Food and Physiological behavior for couples of the Sao Paulo Zoo, as well as for couples CECFAU, except for the category “Not visible” that showed high representativeness for this latter individuals, corroborating the frequency that the animals stay in holding area and burrows, where they were out of the observer's reach. In Reproductive and Socio-reproductive behaviors were observed "copulation", "smell genital”, "hold behind", "copulation simulation" and "genital markings". It is suggested non-invasive endocrine studies, by analyzing fecal metabolites concentrations that, associated with observations of behavior, can certainly help the reproductive study of the species.
Soybean biorefinery with residues exploitation : process assessment
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Pretto, Cristine De
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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Costa, Caliane Bastos Borba
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602653870311562
Soybean seed is a renewable feedstock and the production process of soybean meal and soybean refined oil generates residues that can be exploited, in such a way that the biorefinery concept can be applied to this production process. For this reason, this work aimed to analyse the employment of the biorefinery concept to a soybean crushing and refining facility, exploiting applications for the residues generated during the process. For that, first, information and data from literature about the traditional manufacture process of soybean meal and refined soybean oil were collected and the residues produced during this process were identified. Once the residues were recognized, data in academic literature about possible applications for the residues were collected. Next, the traditional process for producing soybean refined oil and defatted meal was simulated using a commercial simulator. The amounts of residues generated and energetic requirements were calculated. The amount of residues generated during soy protein concentrate (SPC) and soy protein isolate (SPI) process production were also obtained by simulations of these processes. Following, an application for each residue (except for SPI residues) was simulated in the same software and the results were analysed. It was verified that soybean straw and hulls could fulfill the energetic demand of the crushing, refining and biodiesel production process and even a surplus of electricity could be generated, especially when biodiesel was also used as a boiler fuel. Four residues from refining process are generated: gums, soapstock, spent bleaching earth and deodorizer distillate. From gums, it is possible to produce lecithin. From soapstock and spent bleaching earth, biodiesel can be generated, although it generates more residues and consumes more steam than the production of biodiesel from degummed oil. From deodorizer distillate, it is possible to concentrate tocopherols, which is an antioxidant and can be sold for its antioxidant properties. Soybean molasses generated during the concentration of proteins from soybean meal can also be used for electrical energy production.
Estudo da coordenação do processo de projeto arquitetônico em escritório de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Permonian, Raquel Ragonesi
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Marques Neto, José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9443060034868667
It is noticed in the last years a prominent growth in the national construction industry which has driven to an increase in competitiveness among its professionals. These new levels of competitiveness have led professionals to study possible innovations in the design process to create more efficient and cost effective planning methods. In general, architectural designers choose to develop their products using 2D design software. These tools are often able to meet the minimum representational requirements. However, technological breakthroughs have brought up new methods that are capable of adding quality to the final product, namely the executive project. Therefore, this study sought the theoretical background to present a review about concepts in 2D design process and the context of its coordination. As complement of that, the study aims to reveal possible qualitative increments to the project phases through the use of performance flowcharts of the existing steps inside the studied company, which takes into consideration the current scenario surrounding technologies in Brazil. This approach required the development of case studies to assess the coordination of architectural design process typology adopted in small office. Three projects of different sizes, based on the most commonly found typology in the studied company, were chosen in order to conceptualize the development of the design process. Based on that, the case studies were produced and evaluated to yield proposals for new studies regarding coordinative improvements in the design process. These studies focus an ideal performance model for design project management. Thus, the noticeable outcome of this study is that the target company must incorporate new methods to refine the design process once it presents noncompliant quality and excessive rework due to the lack of compatibility among projects. In addition, another evident fact affecting the product quality is that employees of this company deal with a high demand of parallel activities which reduces their productivity and consequently decreases the quality of the final product.
Envelhecimento, antropometria dos pés e pressões plantares em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Aurichio, Thaís Rabiatti
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Manfio, Eliane Fátima
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Rebelatto, José Rubens
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684247449456330
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238432716592204
Many studies note the anthropometric and postural differences of elderly feet compared with young feet, which may be responsible for the inappropriate use of footwear by older people. The types and characteristics of footwear affect de plantar pressures during gait and, if abnormal can cause foot pain and functional disability in this population. The aim of this study was verify the influence of aging on anthropometric and postural variables of elderly feet over a period of eight years (Manuscript I), and evaluate the foot anthropometry and plantar pressures during the use of different types of usual elderly footwear, with and without foot pain (Manuscript II). In the first study, 47 older people with average age of 76 (5.18) years were evaluated at three time points over eight years. In the second study 31 elderly women with average age of 75.9 (5.6) years were evaluated the foot anthropometry, the foot pain and the plantar pressures during the use of habitual footwear, with the Pedar system (Novel Eletronics, Munich, Alemanha). The values assigned to the characteristics of their footwear were also assessed. Appropriate statistical analyzes were conducted using the SPSS 17.0 software. There are subtle anthropometric differences in elderly feet, which suggests that intergenerational differences showed by literature to occur just prior to the study period. Older women who use flats have higher overload at hindfoot, and those with foot pain have less force at hallux during gait propulsion and higher force at midfoot. These women assign lower values to the walk, fit and comfort of their shoes. Footwear industries should produce specific products for the older people, with modern and functional design and flexible materials that contribute to the fit and comfort of the feet during gait.
Ensino programado para o planejamento de aulas de matemática de ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Médici, Arthur Damião
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Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2767863425745220
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
Lesson planning is part of the teaching and learning process. Given the effects of planning on teacher behavior, some initiatives use lesson planning as teacher training procedure. A lesson plan - desired product of the planning process - highlights key aspects of teaching conditions within a lesson and the information presented in it may vary according to the function of that plan. A lesson plan is a tool that ensures the registration of practice and can serve to continue improving these practices. Problems occur when the conditions given in a lesson plan do not match - or correspond in an oversimplified way to - the actual conditions created in class. Investigations conducted in Brazil give evidence that the practice of preparing lesson plans is often seen as bureaucracy to be fulfilled by the institution. In addition to this, in some institutions, teachers are responsible for the implementation of lesson plans already drawn up, however, planning lessons is necessary since teachers deal with different students in different educational situations, which requires that the teacher is able to plan an effective class for each school condition. Mathematics is a subject of increasing importance in national and international curricula as it constitutes the basis for all scientific and technological development in various areas of knowledge. There is requirement that mathematics be taught in a way that makes sense to the reality of the students, however it evolves as science increasingly abstract. Therefore, teachers should be prepared to create teaching conditions that make sense for their apprentices. The teaching program is a method that allows the identification and description of relevant behavior and educational conditions to promote them and evaluate them. Through educational programming was possible to identify relevant behaviors for teachers, more specifically, behaviors related to the planning of teaching conditions. Through educational programming it is possible to identify behaviors relevant to plan lessons taking into account relevant aspects of teaching conditions in which the teacher must plan. Thus, this study aimed to develop and test the effectiveness of an educational program for math teachers of elementary school whose purpose is to plan lessons. For the preparation of the program have used the mathematics curriculum of primary education in the state of São Paulo, instructional self material development of educational programs, articles indicating effective practices for teaching and learning and teaching materials in mathematics with examples of activities . Two employees were consulted one with understanding in educational programming and other training of mathematics teachers. The preparation of the program involved the justification of the relevance of the program, the description of the terminal objective, analysis of the ultimate goal in intermediate goals, description of intermediate goals in its functional parts, the description of the teaching conditions, the drafting of background papers of teaching units and the drafting of educational activities. All products have been sent to reviewers for comments and improvement. In addition, the self-correcting feature of the programming process, products were enhanced as new products were developed. Behavior was proposed as a terminal for the program of this study - to prepare math lesson plan - and three intermediate behaviors were identified in the first level - propose teaching objectives, specify teaching and specify assessment procedures. Each of the intermediate behaviors on the first level was the objective of each of the teaching units of the program. The elaborate program consists of a pre-test, self initial assessment, three teaching units, a post-test and self final evaluation. It has auto format instructional - so you do not need a mediator to be applied - and, therefore, has some features to help the learner to realize their own learning as early examples, check fields, display fields and response resubmission , response checklists and self assessments. For the analysis of program effectiveness, 5 undergraduate students in mathematics and three mathematics teachers participated in the application. Participants performed all activities proposed by individually program at times of their convenience. After each participant terminate implementation of the program, an interview was conducted opinion. Programmer and an external evaluator examined the performance in pre- and post-tests. Programmer evaluated the performance in educational units. They were also examined the reports on self assessments and interviews about the program. As a result of analysis of its effectiveness, it is possible to observe an improvement of the performance of pre to post in all cases and the most obvious improvements were E3 and D2 - both are the worst performing in the pretest - and less expressive E1 and E5 - E1 having higher performance in the pretest and E5. performance close to the average. Items related to the proposition teaching objectives had greater improvement. The opposite occurred with items related to assessment procedures specification. E3 and D2 that have more obvious improvements in the pre-test also had the best performance in teaching units. E1 had worse performance in teaching and low improvement in pre- to post-test. The best performances were observed for the unit 3 (evaluation) and the worst for the unit 1 (teaching objectives). Participants, in general, declared better prepared to plan lessons with the exception of E2 and D1 which had slight decline. E1, E3 and D3 reported higher increase in / out being that E3 had high improvement pre / post-test and high performance in teaching units. The main positive aspects indicated by the participants is that the program offers additional support to that provided by the undergraduate degree, the sequence of the program corresponds to that in which planning should occur and that the texts and activities present examples applicable to the reality of teachers. The main suggestions made by participants to program improvement are providing additional examples of lesson plans, show less answers to reading questions, offer the program as a classroom course to be exchange of ideas and invest the program's direction for students of graduation. The auto format instructional program is used in different cases to promote behaviors in professionals in different areas, often resulting in increased performance of participants self instructional program when compared to the traditional education system - in which the instruction is provided by a mediator. There are differences between the performances in the tests and in educational units, which indicates the need to review the conditions of education and assessment of testing tools. Improve teaching conditions is part of the program and teaching can be proposed in future investigations. This study allows for a more detailed understanding of variables that must be taken into account in the preparation of math lesson plans. Also, it is a step considered by the literature as important for training teachers. Reviewing the implementation of planned lessons can also be an important aspect to be investigated by future research.
Modos de vida e convívio escolar : o assentamento rural Santa Helena - São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-27)
Mateus, Kergilêda Ambrosio de Oliveira
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1306323917704259
This work is a result of various concerns that have marked the personal and professional life of the researcher. We undertook efforts to investigate the social practice of the School Life of adult students who attend the Novo Horizonte School located in rural settlement called Santa Helena in São Carlos city - São Paulo state - and we seek to answer which educational processes are emerging from this social practice. To understand how seated teenagers and adults are educated regarding the social practice of the School Life; to describe those educational process and to analyze the meanings of this social practice in the life of its participants, we opted to utilize a methodological approach with a qualitative focus guided by a participative research. To collect the data, we used informal notes, informal chats and semi-structured interviews. As a result of this study, we identified that: participate in the struggle for a place to live is a way to educate; the absent of schooling does not mean the removal of fundamental knowledge for the life of the settlers of Santa Helena; the school life is configured as an important tool for strengthening the bonds of those who attends the literacy room of Novo Horizonte school, identified as a place for meetings and for the promotion of sociability; the field requires a different kind of school that promotes sociability of their subjects and respect their way of life, which should serve as a basis for their schooling. We hope that this work provokes new reflections about the social practice of the School Life and the way of life of men and women in rural settlements and, from these considerations, the resizing of new and other pedagogical approaches that consider their social and political reality and perceptions, desires and educational needs of these individuals.
Bioprospecção de isolados de leveduras e bactérias, provenientes da secreção oral de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) coletada em campo, antagônicos a Fusarium verticillioides (Nirenberg, 1976) e Colletotrichum falcatum (Went, 1893)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-28)
Silva, Larissa Chariel Domingos da
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Medeiros, Ane Hackbart de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315858319851377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4484772300971163
Insect symbionts may have unknown functions in the interaction between insect-plant and insect with microorganisms that co-inhabit the same space. The objective of this study was to investigate the antagonism potential of symbiont microbiota from oral secretion D. saccharalis collected in the field, against Fusarium verticillioides and Colletotrichum falcatum pathogens commonly found inside the cane. For this, 4° and 5° instar caterpillars were collected inside sugarcane varieties RB-835 054 and SP- 813 250, and brought to the lab inside the cane stalks. The microbiota of oral secretion was transferred to two selective media, NA (nutrient agar) for bacteria and DRBC (dicloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol) for yeast. Based on morphology and coloration of the colonies twenty colonies of bacteria and yeast were selected. Four culture media were tested in co-cultivation of F. verticillioides and C. falcatum versus bacteria or yeast isolates: PDA (potato, dextrose, agar), YEPD (yeast extract, peptone, dextrose), CCS (supplemented cane broth) and NA (Nutrient Agar). The most suitable culture medium for growth of most microorganisms was BDA. Antagonism potential of 82 bacterial isolates and 87 yeast isolates to C. falcatum and F. verticillioides was assessed using a visual scale of categories 1 to 4, with 4 being the maximum degree of antagonism. Isolates that allocated category greater than or equal to 2 were evaluated in co-culture with C. falcatum and F. verticillioides as the percentage of growth inhibition. It was possible to identify four isolates of bacteria which have the potential to inhibit growth of pathogens and 9 isolates with the same potential but with much lower percentages. These results demonstrate that some isolates of bacteria and yeast may influence the relationship between the bit-rot complex and sugarcane plant, may in future be used as a biological control of these pathogens or have some molecules of biotechnological interest extracted and purified.
O discurso sobre políticas educacionais presente na revista educação & sociedade (1978 – 1988)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-28)
Silva, Ana Lucia Calbaiser da
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Rothen, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5258083244883097
The aim of this study is to investigate the discourse of the academic community on educational public policies, that have been made in Brazil, in a period marked by the transition from military regime to democracy. As object of analysis, we chose the Educação & Sociedade magazine (1978-1988), whose maintainer is the Centro de Estudos Educação & Sociedade (CEDES). Edited since 1978, this magazine followed the development of important historical moments that marked Brazilian society, such as distension process of the military regime and the country's democratization. The magazine actively participated in these historic moments, making it a suitable space for debate and discussion on the directions of educational public policies. Currently, the magazine is considered a significant national journal in the field of education. The methodology used in this research was Epistemology Policy, which allowed us to explain and categorize both the intellectuals who broadcasted his studies in this journal as the discourses present in the work of these intellectuals. In the period investigated, Educação & Sociedade magazine proved to be a scientific communication vehicle of academic intellectuals. These are formed, mostly by intellectuals who had maximum doctorates and worked in the field of Education. Publishing, mostly single authorship studies, these intellectuals were active, mainly in public institutions of higher education. Although most of the authors had no direct link to the magazine, found that the intellectuals who published several studies that form worked in the process of organizing Educação & Sociedade magazine. The speeches published in the journal had a prescriptive and imperatives facing the criticism of the military regime and the pursuit of transforming reality. They were based on a political perspective guided by a reformist vision of public policies and a philosophical perspective based on the concept of praxis. In this conception, critical reflection is considered essential for the transformation of reality. With this political and philosophical perspective, they were published in the journal reflective and critical studies on Brazilian education. These studies emphasized the authoritarian and oppressive character of public policies of the military regime and denounced their ills for education. Moreover, there was criticism of the educational policies of welfare character, populist and clientelist, compensatory programs, policies that preserved and deepened social inequalities and education funding policies. On the other hand, the magazine published studies in support of the democratization of education policies, policies that had the goal of ensuring quality education for all and defense policies of secular education. The magazine was also a space for the discussion of transformative and democratic practices. Thus, the magazine defended the popular education and also participated in the constituent, forwarding along with other representative bodies, a proposal for constitutional principles for education. These principles, which also guided the editorial line of the magazine over the analysis period were the defense of public education for all, free, secular and democratic.
Fatores que influenciam no sucesso e longevidade do controle das ferrugens da cana-de-açúcar por variedades resistentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Mistura, Tatiane de Fátima
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Arias, Renée Silva
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Urashima, Alfredo Seiiti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289170266294665
Sugar, ethanol and bionergy are products generated from sugarcane, whose current demand remains high. However, two rust diseases have threatened its yield, brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala) and orange rust (P. kuehnii). The most efficient method to control these diseases is resistant varieties. The success and longevity of varieties depends basically on two factors: pathogen diversity and correct evaluation of genotype reaction. Therefore, chapter 1 of this dissertation aimed to examine phenotypic and genotypic diversity of rusts pathogens and existence of a direct correlation between these traits. Genotyping of P. melanocephala employed 31 isolates and 39 for P. kuehnii with 10 SSR markers. The genetic diversity was verified through UPGMA clustering and PCoA analyses. The phenotypic diversity was investigated by leaf lesion area and compatible/incompatible interaction between host and pathogen. Data of this work showed similar grouping between UPGMA and PCoA with identification of nine genetic subpopulations for P. kuehnii and 10 subpopulations for P. melanocephala. As for phenotypic diversity, three races were identified in P. kuehnii whereas two were detected in P. melanocephala. Direct correlation between genetic and phenotypic diversity was only observed in P. kuehnii. The chapter 2 examined reaction of five sugarcane commercial varieties to P. kuehnii over different period of time as well as quantity and viability of urediniospores. For disease progress disease, three isolates were inoculated on five varieties and their reactions evaluated 21, 28, 35, 42 days after by disease score. Disease reaction measured by quantity and viability of uredinispores was examined in two different trials. In the first, spores from different type of lesions were investigated 42 days after inoculation, in the second, spores from the same type of reaction but from a susceptible and resistance varieties were observed. Our data identified one variety which reaction changed over time. Therefore, in order to avoid false resistant materials other traits should be taking into account, quantity and viability of urediniospores.
Diferenças étnico-raciais e políticas de reconhecimento: perspectivas a partir do Conselho Nacional de Saúde e do Conselho Nacional de Educação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Morais, Danilo de Souza
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4526442820479337
This research investigated the politics of recognition of ethnic-racial differences, based on the study of political-institutional public spaces of interlocution between state and non-state actors. We conducted a comparative study through documentary research, in the National Health Council (CNS) and the National Education Council (CNE), two examples of Public Policy Councils. Although significantly different from each other, since the 1988 National Constitution both have the function of participatory institutions. To present theoretical and methodological references, the dialogue between theories of recognition and subaltern studies, as well as the most recent developments in Brazil on research on participatory institutions, is used. It results from the investigation, in the analysis of the trajectories of constitution of the two councils, that the CNE enhances its formulation capacity, starting from the participative process of the council, but only when there is the sharing of projects between societal and state actors. The CNS enhances the decision-making capacity in the board's own participatory processes, therefore, with greater relative autonomy and less dependence on the consent of state and business actors. It has come to understand that in the period under review, on the political-discursive configurations produced in these councils, that the policy of recognition that emerges from the CNS - with the perspective of the health of the black population - is closer to the notions of substantive equality, while the policy of recognition formulated from the CNE - with the perspective of the education of ethnic-racial relations - is closer to a reinterpretation of the national, by the pretense of changing the pattern of racialized social relations.
Aplicação de MALDI-TOF MS na caracterização de microalgas da família Selenastraceae (Chlorophyta)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Mello, Rodrigo Ventura de
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9229998934829124
The morphological variability in the Selenastraceae family has been a barrier to a good establishment of well-defined taxonomic groups. Several studies with molecular compounds have already demonstrated its importance in the elucidation of this relation. In this scenario, the present study used a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization timeof- flight mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique as a tool to differentiation of the microalgae of this family at the species and strains levels. A group of 18 strains, belong to in 12 different species, of freshwater microalgae was selected. Cells and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were analyzed in the middle exponential growth phase. The analyzes were performed in two different mass ranges: 400 to 2,000 Da and 2,000 to 20,000 Da. Each strain that yielded unique spectra with a good resolution of peaks and reproducibility was selected for clusters analyzes. These spectra were used to make a dissimilarity analysis that showed the capability of differentiation of the strains and species. The strains of the genera Monoraphidium were not all grouped, possibly because it is a polyphyletic group. The praticity and quickness of this technique for data acquisition, allied with the low cost of the analysis, are factors that favor its application in taxonomic studies.
Sobre rosas e espinhos - experiências de trabalho com flores na região de Holambra (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Bueno, Juliana Dourado
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Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9670686595047765
This thesis aims to analyze the contradictions present in the cultivation of flowers, highlighting the life experiences of men and women working in the fields and greenhouses of flowers in the region of Holambra, São Paulo, Brazil. The theoretical references are the studies on rural wage and on the globalized intensive agricultural. The field research was conducted in four cities: Artur Nogueira, Holambra, Mogi Mirim and Santo Antônio de Posse. The narratives were collected through conversations and interviews at workers home. The methodology used was the Oral History, which allowed us to view the work in addition to the data brought by the official statistics, trying to break with the analyzes that polarize the productive and reproductive spaces, and naturalize the female skills. The research has allowed us to verify the existence of a variety of settings that make the work morphology in growing flowers - this diversity relates to the size of the properties and greenhouses, forms of employment (family labor, wage, unregistered work), and the place of residence of workers (rural districts, urban districts, producing colonies of flowers). People interviewed related that the working hours are intensified to fulfill the demands, there is exposure to pesticides and thorns of flowers, and carrying out the activity in the greenhouses and fields is often strenuous, which makes some people use medicines to face the workload. Finally, we present a discussion on ways of estrangement and the possibilities of creating emotional bonds with the plants, which causes the activity to be evaluated positively by workers.
Níveis de infecção de Babesia bovis, B. bigemina e Anaplasma marginale em búfalos criados no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-29)
Néo, Thalita Athiê
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Oliveira, Márcia Cristina de Sena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9396104171807912
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis are distinct diseases, which constitute the syndrome called tick fever, characterized by infection of red blood cells. Its distribution in herds causes the reduction in productivity and high economic losses to livestock worldwide. Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, and Babesia bigemina are the predominant species in Brazil. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is the biological vector of babesiosis and anaplasmosis may be transmitted by ticks, hematophagous flies, and fomites. It is known that the water buffalo can become infected with Babesia and Anaplasma, but little is known the extent of the infection and how it affects the health of these animals. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the frequency and the level of infection by B. bovis, B. bigemina and A. marginale in 108 water buffalo (50 calves and 58 adult females), naturally infested with the tick R. (B). microplus raised in farms located in areas of endemic stability in São Paulo state. From each animal, a blood sample from the jugular vein was taken for DNA extraction and packed cell volume (PCV) determination. Samples from auricular vessels were taken for blood smears. The body temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer column. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique was used to differentiate the serum of uninfected animals from the serum of animals infected with B. bovis. To this end, antigens derived from culture were immobilized on gold electrodes (150 nm thick) to give a biosensor device using the compound [Fe (CN) 6] 3- / 4-proof redox. The peripheral blood smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa for research of hemoparasites by optical microscopy. DNA extractions were performed using the Easy DNA TM Kit (Invitrogen). DNA amplification protocols were tested with primers specific to B. bigemina, B. bovis, and A. marginale using nested PCR (nPCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). qPCR was used to estimate the number of copies of the gene cytochrome b (mt-cytB) of both babesias and Anaplasma msp 1b gene in all samples. Merozoites of B. bigemina were seen in blood smears of three calves from the Alambari herd (all less than 0.1 of parasitemia). Molecular techniques, nPCR, and qPCR, were more sensitive in the detection of parasites that direct examination of the blood smears and the frequencies of infection were 20:37% and 100% for B. bovis and 59.26% and 100% to B. bigemina, respectively. CN of the mt-cytB gene of B. bovis and B. bigemina showed significant effects (p <0.05) of herd age, species, and their interaction. The CN values were higher (p≤0.05) for B. bovis (2.81 ± 0:07) when compared to B. bigemina (2.61 ± 12:07) and A. marginale (0:57 ± 0:07). These data suggest a high frequency of infection by B. bovis and B. bigemina in the population of water buffalo studied. Preliminary testing of diagnosing infection with B. bovis device showed changes in the impedance in the system used and clearly demonstrated that the biosensor can detect infected animals, which can be exploited for rapid detection of B. bovis infections and also extended for the test to other parasites.
Caracterização de desafios e estratégias de teste para sistemas adaptativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Siqueira, Bento Rafael
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Ferrari, Fabiano Cutigi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3154345471250570
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3238780932820205
Context: Traditional testing approaches, considering the context of Adaptive Systems (ASs), have been evaluated incipiently and superficially with respect to their effectiveness in identifying faults. It is very clear the challenge of guaranteeing the correctness of ASs, due to the adaptive properties of these systems. Thus, the following question raises: how to characterise adequately and broadly the difficulties for testing ASs? There is not an approach that is driven by challenges found in the literature. Goals: In this work, we analysed and characterised the challenges faced by the testing activity when applied to ASSs. By characterising the challenges, we investigated testing strategies based on them. Methodology: In order to achieve the goals, we performed the following steps: (i) characterising the state-of-art of testing of ASs, using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR); (ii) investigating the challenges in source codes of real ASs that are available online in source code repositories; (iii) defining the testing strategy named T, based on the characterised challenges; (iv) defining the testing strategy T* based on the challenges and comprised by three testing approaches; (v) evaluating the effectiveness of the strategies T and T*; and (vi) investigating the challenges along the application of T and T*. Results: the main results were: (i) a characterisation of fine-grained and coarse-grained challenges for testing ASs; and (ii) two testing strategies based on such challenges. We evaluated the strategies by running an exploratory study which encompassed one AS and both testing strategies. Conclusion: The characterisation of challenges supported the definition and execution of the testing strategies. These strategies were able to reduce the impact of the challenges and to identify faults in the AS.
Efeitos da exposição combinada a programas informatizados de ensino de leitura, escrita e consciência fonológica a alunos com dificuldade de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Rodrigues, Pauliana do Nascimento
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5344181142664582
The present study aimed to verify the development of phonological awareness and the acquisition of reading and writing in children with learning difficulties using a reading and writing and a phonological awareness computerized programs. Seven students with learning disabilities enrolled in the second year of elementary school participated in the study. They were divided into two experimental conditions. On Condition 1, participants were exposed to Module 1 of a computerized reading and writing program, and on Condition 2, participants were exposed to the same computerized program concomitant with the phonological awareness program. Before (pre-test), during (intermediate test) and after the experimental training phase (post-test) the following tests were administered with participants of both conditions: Phonological Consciousness Test (by oral production - PCF), Phonological Awareness with Figures and Reading and Writing Diagnostics (DLE). Results show that four participants in Condition 1 completed the program within 21 to 23 sessions and the three participants in Condition 2 completed the teaching phases within 19 to 29 sessions. Concerning the phonological awareness program, participants on Condition 2 required more repetition of rhyme and alliteration activities than syllabic and phonemic activities. Results obtained from the evaluations indicate that participants of both conditions showed intermediate performance in rhyme and alliteration skills, high marks in syllabic skills and null performance in phonemic skills. In the post-test, improvement was observed for rhyme and alliteration, and syllabic skills. Participants did not consistently present improvement in phonemic skills in probes and post-tests. Regarding the reading and writing repertoire, results indicate that the participants of both conditions presented improvement in the relations evaluated at final test. The results suggest the need to improve teaching procedures for the development of phonological awareness skills.
Formação inicial e base de conhecimento para o ensino de matemática na perspectiva de professores iniciantes da educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Leite, Eliana Alves Pereira
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2297203444364327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1753963649222092
This research aimed to investigate the construction of the repertoire of knowledge for the initial teacher education degree in Mathematics from the perspective of mathematics teachers beginning their careers. Thus, the focus of the investigation was the initial training of mathematics teachers, and the necessary milestones for the establishment of a teaching knowledge base for mathematics teachers professional and personal lives. As a theoretical framework, we based our study on authors who do research in teacher education, initial teacher training and the beginning of the teaching career in the area of Education as well as in Mathematics-specific Education. As for methodology, our research has a qualitative approach, with the participation of five mathematics teachers who are beginning their careers in public schools in Ji-Paraná, Rondônia State, Brazil. The teachers are graduates from the Federal University of Rondônia, Ji-Paraná Campus. In the field research, we used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews as strategies for obtaining data. The interpretation and analysis of data occurred through three thematic axes entitled: Knowledge built for teaching during initial teacher training, recognized by beginner mathematics teachers; Gaps in teacher education identified by the beginner mathematics teachers regarding construction of a knowledge base for teaching; Learning to teach and the knowledge of how to teach on the perspective of beginner mathematics teachers. As for the knowledge necessary for teaching, we chose Shulman’s interpretative and analytical categorization in delimiting the discussions on specific content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and general pedagogical knowledge that comprise what the author calls knowledge base for teaching. In summary, from the results obtained, we can stress that beginner mathematics teachers recognize and highlight the contribution of the initial teacher education degree in mathematics course in building knowledge that integrates the knowledge of the specific content, pedagogical content and general teaching content. Teachers also revealed a variety of gaps in the initial teacher education provided to them, highlighting the difficulties faced by them in their early career practices owing to these gaps, and the limitations and inadequacies of continuing education. They showed to have the understanding that learning to teach is an ongoing process and therefore are receptive to the idea that they are part of this learning process. Among the areas recognized as contributing to this training process the initial teacher training, general education and professional experience were highlighted as of importance. Thus, although we consider the knowledge base for teaching is not static or immutable, and therefore is the result of a formative context, and considering the randomness and the limitations of continuing education as well as beginner teacher working conditions, we defend in this work the thesis that initial teacher education training is the institutional space that meets specific conditions for providing a wide repertoire of knowledge, in order to ensure training and professional milestones for the establishment and maintenance of a teaching knowledge base that may be expanded throughout the teaching career in a solid way that is consistent with today’s teaching profession requirements.
A influência do ritmo circadiano e da sazonalidade na ictiofauna da zona de arrebentação de uma ilha tropical em Ubatuba, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Neto, Pedro Dias Barreto
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Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4453900943293186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4241757486427045
The surf-zone of sandy beaches acts as nurseries, housing a great number of larval and juvenile fish. Among the available factors in this environment are the possibility of shelter against predators and a rich source of zooplankton. The surf-zone ichthyofauna is often characterized by its low richness and high dominance by one or few species when compared to deeper regions of the ocean, in addition to presenting a low number of resident species. Abundance and composition of the fish community of the surf-zone are subject to abiotic factors (e.g., tidal, wind direction and speed, salinity) as well as seasonal and diel variations. Although the great importance of the surf-zone of sandy beaches for the life cycle of fishes, studies focusing on this environment in Brazilian islands are still scarce. Thus, this project initiated in November 2014 aiming at an ecological study of the ichthyofauna of the surf-zone of Prumirim Island, Ubatuba, SP, analyzing the composition and structure of the fish assemblage taking into account both seasonal and diel variations. Samplings occurred monthly with a beach seine, in the morning and at night at two sites along the beach. We collected a total of 4312 g and 3444 individuals belonging to 21 families and 37 species. The ichthyofauna was characterized by eight annual resident species that use the area in their early life stages as well as the constant occurrence of rare species. Shannon index was the only variable for which variation along the year was explained by the interaction between seasonal and diel factors, with mornings of spring and nights of winter presenting a lower value than remaining periods and seasons. In relation to variation of abundance along the year, seasonality was the most influent factor, with winter presenting the lower value. In an additive way and four times less influent, the diel factor contributed less to explain the variation in abundance along the year along with seasonality, with diurnal periods presenting the highest amount of sampled specimens. The number of species varied in a short scale, i.e., between days and nights, with richness being higher at night. Although the MDS ordination had shown an inconspicuous community structure and composition, it was possible to observe subtle diel and more evident seasonal variations, reflecting in changes in resident species abundance along the spring, summer, autumn and at winter nights.
E-MuLearn: design de cenários de aprendizagem para museus virtuais baseado em personas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Welter, Eline Faliane de Araújo
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Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3081732296192003
The use of technology to improve the process of teaching and learning is a well-known practice, young people have shown increasing interest in the use of computers and mobile devices as support classes. To encourage this practice, several pedagogical activities can be performed via Internet. However, to contribute to the teaching of History and spread of Culture and Art, museums have sought space in virtual environments. From this premise, it was observed that virtual museums can be seen as an important tool in the teaching and learning process. The aim of this work is to propose a cycle to help create learning scenarios from elements of a museum, based on personas technique to support the teaching of History or a related field. In the first part of the study, Action Research methodology was adopted to carry out the investigation process by the teachers, museums expert and students; to verify the viability of the use of learning scenarios. The AR1 was conducted with 14 teachers and 1 museum expert to verify the feasibility of creating a learning scenario from museum elements. Already AR2 was conducted with 174 elementary school students, to verify the acceptance of learning scenarios. One of the results identified by the AR1 were the artifacts required to compose learning scenarios. However, there was a need for a device to aid in building the persona. For this, there was an adjustment in the empathy map technique called MapLearn as teacher support during the persona construction process. It has also been identified the need to create a cycle to support teachers and museum experts for the creation of learning scenarios. The validation of the proposal included the evaluation of MapLearn; cycle e-MuLearn; and learning scenarios, through 2 case studies and a controlled experiment. The analyses showed that the cycle e-MuLearn and their artifacts can contribute to creation of learning scenarios to support teaching of History.
Avaliação da ação de estabilizantes anti-UV no desempenho de compósitos de polipropileno, reforçados com fibras de coco, submetidos a diferentes técnicas de envelhecimento artificial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-06-30)
Staffa, Lucas Henrique
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
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Bettini, Sílvia Helena Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3687551763124327
Currently, there has been a search for economically viable and sustainable products in various market segments. Lighter materials that can be recycled have become a strategic issue for many industries. In this sense, the utilization of lignocellulosic fibers in polymeric composites, are becoming increasingly viable as substitutes for inorganic minerals reinforcements, mainly glass fibers. In this study, polypropylene (PP) natural composites reinforced with coir fiber (CF), compatibilized with maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PPMAH) and stabilized with a hindered amine (Tinuvin® 791) and UV absorber (Hostavin® ARO 8), were prepared via extrusion. The effect of the additives and their interactions and the influence of 1000 hours exposure in two types of accelerated weathering (Ultraviolet B and xenon arc) in the PP/CF composites were analyzed by mechanical properties (tensile properties), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and colorimetry. The results indicate that the incorporation of coir fiber, in the presence of the compatibilizer, significantly increases tensile strength, but in the absence of the compatibilizer, the coir fiber act as stress concentrators, allowing a lower tensile strength to the sample.The joint presence of Tinuvin® and the compatibilizer has a negative effect on tensile strength and on the compatibility of the natural fiber with the matrix. UV absorber did not affect the compatibility of the PP/CF composites. Post-weathering results indicate that UVB caused more intense degradation than xenon arc. However, decreasing Tinuvin® efficiency evidence were not possible to be confirmed. Through electron micrographs, DSC analysys and tensile tests, it is noted the additive system based on (Tinuvin®+ Hostavin®) as the most effective protection system against the artificial weathering.