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Smells arquiteturais de monitoramento em sistemas adaptativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Serikawa, Marcel Akira; Camargo, Valter Vieira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809743774407662; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819825673816219
Adaptive systems are able to adapt themselves according to changes in its execution environment or the user's needs. Monitors are essential for the development of such systems because they are responsible for collecting and pre-processing the context data. By a search in systems found in repositories and literature, it was observed that monitors are sometimes designed and implemented in an inappropriate way, exhibiting the following characteristics: i) they are Obscure in the source code; ii) they have a unique monitoring rate and iii) they are forced to have a pre-determined execution order. These characteristics lead to difficulties in maintenance, evolution and often problems related to performance. Design decisions that lead to these difficulties can be characterized as architectural smells. The documentation of smells helps developers identifying refactoring opportunities of a system and also highlights practices that should be analyzed during the design and development of new systems. Therefore, this master thesis proses two architectural smells for adaptive systems: the Obscure Monitor and Oppressed Monitors. The first occurs when the monitors are not evident in the system and the second occurs when the monitors are subject to the same monitoring rate and have a strict execution order. In order to check the influence of the presence of theses smells five maintenance activities were applied in two versions of a system called PhoneAdapter, the original version with the presence of the smells and the refactored one in which the smells were removed. The results indicate that the maintenance and evolution of the refactored system are facilitated in most activities.
Acolhimento, cogestão e apoio institucional : o saber da experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Silva, Mônica Vilchez da; Ogata, Márcia Niituma; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5876441429138804
Embracement, Comanagement and Institutional Support are three concepts arisen while the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) was being developed, more than a decade ago. These concepts take part in guidelines of policies implemented by the Brazilian Health Department as well as in some of the routines of managers and health workers. The National Policy for Humanization – PNH (2003), a pioneer method regarding Institutional Support – and the National Policy of Primary Health Care (2012) – have both embraced in their official guidelines these technologies that are the expression of a wish to transform the dominant models that organize both management and health production. In view of the transforming power inherent to these devices, we have carried out a descriptive case study with a qualitative approach. This case study intends to analyze conceptions and routines produced by municipal managers and Primary Health Care workers taking part in the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality (PMAQ) and the institutional support group that was created in 2012, in a municipality of the Third Department of Regional Health (DRSIII) in the State of São Paulo. We have employed scientific productions including some capital works in the field of Brazilian Health Care, that depict experiences which are not in keeping neither with the neoliberal program nor an understanding of how micropolitics actually funcions in health work. We conducted two interviews with managers, four focal groups with health workers and one focal group with the municipal group of institutional support. To conduct the analysis of these interviews and focal groups we have employed the thematic and categorial content developed. After concluding the analysis we have observed an intense production in those groups. Embracement has produced four categories, and it has also brought to light the fact that their routines and practices consisted in a model focused on the medical consultation. The reception screens the users, then the nursing team take care the procedures prior to the medical consultation that in a practical sense, have little in common with the concept of embracement. There are other practices such as the nursing consultation and group reunions (if conducted by the workers themselves) that make a difference in the daily routine of the health unity. For the nurses, comanagement has produced five categories, and have also brought to light new ways of coordinating as well as new relations of power. In this municipality there are different spaces of management and meetings for the health teams which have been incorporated to the daily schedule. These spaces may be reevaluated so that they could function in a less taylorist and more democratic in which workers and health managers could take part. The Institutional support produced five categories which have proven to be an experience linked to procedures which are rooted on the professional developement of worker and have a direct connection to their expertise. The methodology employed by the support group was built on its own actions, creating an interplay between contract, demand and supply. The supporter's interventions are always questioned both by those who give and receive support. In spite of all the challenges and the cristallyzed notions about the subject, we consider this experience to be a very innovative one: it holds on for more than a decade to practices that have been recognized as the force that moves forward a model of health care that is defending life.
Estudo de indicadores ambientais de blocos cerâmicos com base em avaliação do ciclo de vida, considerando o contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Vinhal, Laís David; Oliveira, Luciana Alves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0229910555921961; Barreto, Douglas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2590846217044626
The construction sector is one of the sectors that most require natural resources and generate waste throughout the production chain. In this sense, given the need to preserve the environment and natural resources for future generations, the industry needs to improve the environmental performance of its operations chain. In order to achieve effective improvements by the actions developed by the sector, these actions need to be based on information about the environmental performance that are objective and verifiable. One of the methods that allow the collection of environmental information is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which is one of the main tools of environmental impact assessment for the lifecycle of products and systems. The LCA allows to evaluate the impacts of raw material extraction, manufacturing process, use and disposalt. In this context, a study of the manufacturing process of structural ceramic blocks (cradle to factory gate) was conducted, aiming to analyze its main impacts and processes that contribute most to these environmental impacts. To conduct this study data collection was performed in two plants located in the State of São Paulo. Based on data collected locally and on the international database Ecoinvent®, the life cycle inventory (LCI) was drawn up with the necessary adaptations to represent the local context. Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) was carried out using the following methods: CML 2002, Edip 97, USEtox and IPCC 2013. Based on the LCIA results, it was possible to identify the processes that contributed to each of the impacy categories analyzed, with the electricity being the process that most contributed to all categories. But the fuel used in the burning of the blocks, in turn, did not generate significant environmental impacts due to factories studied using biomass. Therefore, this study allowed to evaluate the magnitude and importance of the environmental impacts generated by the manufacture of ceramic bricks and also to characterize the environmental performance of ceramic bricks based on LCA.
“Enxugando iceberg” como as instituições estatais exercem o controle do crime em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Silvestre, Giane; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3990594434455024
This research aimed to understand how the institutions and state operators’ crime control are being affected by the emergence of new forms of organization of the "world of crime." It wondered how the institutions and operators find themselves affected by the emergence of the First Command of the Capital, the PCC; which the impact on their work, on the ways to exercise control and institutional management of the crime; which representations they elaborate about the changes in the contexts they operate and develop their professional activities. Therefore, it started analyzing two empirical cases that took place in São Paulo, involving the PCC and the so-‐‑called "debate" -‐‑ a new management mechanism of violence brought from the consolidation of the CPC in and out of the São Paulo prison system. The cases also help to identify two main strategies to crime control in São Paulo: i) a militarized control guided mainly by lethal and selective fighting with alleged criminals, played by the Military Police and; a classic judicial control, in which the logic of the investigation remains linked to archaic model of the police investigation and prioritizes incarceration for certain types of crimes and people, while holding the low levels of punishment for cases of police lethality. Part of the field work was conducted through interviews with civil and military police, sheriffs, prosecutors and judges who work in crime control, including the Special Group Against Organized Crime of the Prosecutor's Office (GAECO). It was developed a research based on official data on crime and on investments in public safety in order to observe trends, preferences and policy choices of area managers in the last decade. The results indicate that the emergence of the PCC has affected the crime control strategies performed by each of these institutions, although continuities have been observed. The PCC started seen as "organized crime", sign often claimed to justify violent and lethal actions in alleged confrontations. Investigations involving the PCC have been recurrently conducted through a partnership between prosecutors and military police, often rather of the judicial police, which has generated tensions between the institutions and their operators. The Civil Police, in its turn, operates with the coexistence of "inquisitorial logic" of investigation and effort to operates the transformations that the emergence of "organized crime" has imposed, besides seeking to circumvent the arising obstacles "scrapping" of institution.
Algoritmo de enxame de partículas para resolução do problema da programação da produção Job-shop flexível multiobjetivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Aranha, Gabriel Diego de Aguiar; Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6366433842639308
The companies today are looking for ways to expand their competitive advantages, optimizing their production, and in this context, they found solutions in activities of production scheduling. The production scheduling of the type job-shop, results in one of the most complex problems of combination, the Job-shop Scheduling Problem (JSP), which deterministic resolution is not feasible in polynomial computational time. The Flexible Job-shop Scheduling Problem (FJSP) is a classic extension of the JSP and has been widely reported in the literature. Thus, optimization algorithms have been developed and evaluated in the last decades, in order to provide more efficient production planning, with emphasis to artificial intelligence algorithms of the swarm type, that the latest research presented favorable results. The FJSP allows an operation to be processed for any machine arising from a set of machines along different routes. This problem is commonly dismembered into two sub-problems, the assignment of machines for operations, which is called routing, and operation scheduling. In the FJSP context, this research presents the resolution of the FJSP multi-objective, using a hierarchical approach that divides the problem into two subproblems, being the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), responsible for resolving the routing sub-problem, and tasking three local search algorithms, Random Restart Hill Climbing (RRHC), Simulated Annealing (SA) and Tabu Search (TS), for the resolution of scheduling sub-problem. The implementation of the proposed algorithm has new strategies in the population initialization, displacement of particles, stochastic allocation of operations, and management of scenarios partially flexible. Experimental results using technical benchmarks problems are conducted, and proved the effectiveness of the hybridization, and the advantage of RRHC algorithm compared to others in the resolution of the scheduling subproblem.
Estudo sobre a ação do íon haleto na síntese de resinas epóxi líquidas e na hidrólise do óxido de propileno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-19) Carvalho, Marcus Vinicius dos Santos; Oliveira, Abel de; Tsunoda, Mitsukimi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842686360162069
“A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF HALIDE ION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF LIQUID EPOXY RESINS AND ON THE HYDROLISIS OF PROPYLENE OXIDE” is on two aspects of the halide ion in chemistries of liquid epoxy resin and the propylene oxide in the industrial context. The first theme is the improvement of quantification methodology of the residual halide content in the finished resin. To understand the occlusion process of the halide ion, the reactions of the resin syntheses and the molecular aspects are reviewed. The analytical procedure in use is compared with a modified methodology proposed for the determination of residual halide content. The second theme is the equilibrium in the propylene oxide preparative reaction in saline solution and the application of the study results into the improvement of propylene oxide scrubbing process from the purge vapors arising along the handling chain.