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Representações de brinquedos, relevos e descrição oral por crianças com deficiência visual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-25)
Ferroni, Giovana Mendes
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Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4635554578426970
The research objective was to analyze the repertory of representations of means of transportation also called “vehicles” (Aircraft, bicycle, car, sail boat, train and helicopter) expressed in modeling clay, drawing and oral description of children with visual deficiency with the use of models like toys, or reliefs or the reading of the description of a mean of transportation made by the child itself. Participating in the study were two boys with congenital blindness (A and N) and two girls with low vision (G and K) with visual deficiency without any other deficiency associated, with ages between six and nine years old. The research was developed in two institutions frequented by the participants. One of them non-governmental and the other municipal, both specialized in the caring of people with visual deficiency, and localized in two midsize cities in the intern of São Paulo State, where the participants were receiving caring. A period of familiarization between researcher and participant preceded the data collect. The procedure of data collect was made in the following sequence of steps: Repertoire Survey, Intervention, Replication of the repertoire survey and creation of a mean of transportation. The Intervention consisted in presenting the participants the models: toy, relief and orally reading the oral description made by the child itself. In front of each model the children were requested to say the name of the object presented, play the model on a sequence of activities in which they used the modeling clay, pencil and paper to do a drawing and the oral production of the model which was worked on both previous conditions (modeling and drawing). During the confection of the representations the children answered questions about the characteristics and functions of the object presented. The data analysis guided itself by: 1- The component elements featured by the children and the characteristics attributed by them to the mean of transportation in the representations by modeling, drawing and oral description; 2- the type of model used during the intervention: toy, relief and reading of the oral description; 3- the creation of a vehicle using modeling clay, drawing and description. The results showed that, in the absence of models, in dealing with the component elements, the participants with low vision highlighted the external in their productions, for example, wheel, door, while the blind highlighted the internal, like, seat, steering wheel. However, when toys or reliefs were presented, the blind participants also highlighted in their productions the external elements. In the oral description, it was noted that all the children described above all the component elements and the aspects of the function played by them or the vehicles. However, in the oral descriptions of toy models or relief, they referred proportionally more times to the component elements. In reference to the used models in the intervention, the results indicated modifications in the drawing representations, modeling and oral description of the participants, if compared to the productions in the absence of the models. When there was the presentation of the toys to the blind participant, his productions in modeling clay were made on the same representation pattern of the toy, while that the drawing was made in a superior point of view, that is an object seen from the top. When there was the presentation of a relief model, the productions in drawing and modeling clay of the blind participant followed the flat point of view of the relief representation. When the reading of the oral description happened, the representations of the blind participant didn’t change. As to participant K, with low vision, the representations remained adopting the flat point of view for the three types of model. About the vehicle creation step, highlight itself that participant K, with low vision, created a new mean of transportation. The other participants (A, N and G) made means of transportation that had been worked during the intervention. The results empirically proved that the productions of the children with visual deficiency are different from the ones produced by children that can see, seen that they organize the world the notice by other sensorial channels other than the vision. This results were deep-set with the findings about the differences of production between children with visual deficiency. The representations of the blind children and of the ones with low vision considered different points of view; this results contribute to the discussion about the comparing between psychic children, children with visual deficiency/blindness and children with visual deficiency/low vision. It is believed that the results obtained in this work contribute to the discussions, even sparse, about the representations of children with visual deficiency.
Oxidação de CO sobre catalisadores de Co e/ou Mn modificados com Mo e suportados em SBA-15 – Efeito do método de preparação e da presença de vapor de água e dióxido de enxofre na atividade catalítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-25)
Lima, Thiago de Melo
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Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8372774850175606
The increasing demand for oil and oil derived products contributed to the alarming increase in the gaseous pollutants emissions in general and mainly contributed to the increase in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions in the worldwide. Besides being delivered on fossil fuels burning processes, a large amount of CO is also generated during the oil refining process, especially in the fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCC). In order to reduce the costs associated to the CO oxidation catalysts many efforts have been devoted to substitution of noble metals by non-noble transition metals, such as cobalt oxides and manganese oxides. However, the biggest challenge for this replacement is to keep the activity of these catalysts in the presence of interfering agents, such as SO2 and H2O, which might deactivate the catalysts or even inhibit the CO oxidation reaction. In this context, the aim of this study is to evaluate the activity of cobalt and/or manganese catalysts, promoted or not by molybdenum and supported on mesoporous molecular sieve type SBA-15 in the CO oxidation reaction in the presence of SO2 (450 ppm) and H2O (10% V/V). These catalysts were prepared by three different methods: (i) impregnation, (ii) deposition-precipitation using microwave and (iii) one-pot. It is noteworthy that the catalysts prepared by the methods of deposition-precipitation and one-pot represents a major breakthrough regarding to green synthesis methods, since they allowed representative savings of energy and water. It was found that the one-pot and deposition-precipitation methods yielded catalysts with high dispersion of the active phase and quite active in CO oxidation reaction. Furthermore, analysis of XRD, Raman, EPR, UV-Vis, XPS and H2-TPR revealed that the one-pot method yielded better dispersion of the molybdenum species over the SBA-15 support, which provided excellent resistance to the cobalt and/or manganese catalysts to SO2 and H2O poisoning. Moreover, the catalysts promoted by molybdenum and prepared by the deposition-precipitation method were composed by cobalt or manganese molybdates, as indicated by XRD, Raman, UV-Vis and XPS techniques, which are less active in the CO oxidation reaction. The catalysts promoted by molybdenum and prepared by the impregnation method possessed a smaller dispersion of the promoter, with the formation of molybdenum oxide, and thus reducing the resistance of these catalysts in the presence of the interfering agents.
Lipase “whole-cell” de Streptomyces clavuligerus : produção, caracterização e aplicação em meio orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-25)
Santos, Jéssica Bravin Carmello dos
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Cruz, Rosineide Gomes da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200510011641845
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
Cell-associated lipases have been considered biocatalysts economically advantageous because they are produced at low cost, avoiding further recovery or purification steps. Few studies regarding Streptomyces clavuligerus lipase have reported the production of extracellular enzyme, although at first this had been considered a cell-associated enzyme. In this context, the aim of this work was the production of the cell-associated lipase from Streptomyces clavuligerus (whole-cell lipase, Sc-WCL) by submerged fermentation, the biochemical characterization of the enzyme and its use in the synthesis of butyl butyrate, an aroma ester with industrial importance. The culture conditions on rotary shaker and the operational parameters for cultivation in bioreactor were evaluated in order to establish a protocol for Sc- WCL production. The conditions for S. clavuligerus cultivation in rotary shaker that resulted in maximal hydrolytic activity of Sc-WCL (3,000 U.L-1) were: baffled flask, free-glycerol production medium, pH 6.8 and 28 °C. The operational parameters in bench reactor that resulted in maximal volumetric productivity of Sc-WCL (54 U.L-1.h-1) were agitation of 400 rpm and aeration of 1 vvm. The maximal volumetric productivity in bioreactor operated under selected conditions (52.5 U.L-1.h-1) was reached after 24 h, while similar productivity in rotary shaker (54.8 U.L-1.h -1) was achieved only after 48 h fermentation. The catalytic potential of Sc-WCL in hydrolysis reactions was comparable to the commercial lipase preparations. Sc- WCL was more active at 60 °C and pH 10.7, and stable at 30-40 °C after 1 h incubation at pH 10. For butyl butyrate synthesis catalyzed by Sc-WCL, the reaction conditions that resulted in higher ester conversion (85%) were: 5 g of Sc-WCL/ L, molar ratio of fatty acid: alcohol 1:1 in heptane and 8 h reaction. The stability at alkaline pH and organic medium (leastwise in heptane and butanol), associated with the low cost, make Sc-WCL attractive in industrial applications, such as flavors synthesis, detergent formulations, hydrolysis of vegetable oils, among others.
Altinópolis : por um projeto de paisagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Magalhães, Kelly Cristina
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Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252954539874382
The thesis presents the concept of landscape deconstruction as an alternative to reveal chances of landscape projects for intervention in the territory, and in particular, proposes to its definition as an analytical process and planning instrument in the case of the city of Altinópolis, state of São Paulo. In this approach the landscape of deconstruction in the city of Altinópolis occurs in three categories that enable the analysis in landscape mosaic from an understanding of the relationship timeline Border, Trama and ruin. Runs through the debate between disciplines that have contributed to the latest conceptual outlines of the word landscape, to then be guided by the analysis of the landscape transformation of history, as it emerges from the understanding of a landscape transformation project in constant motion (technical becoming) and the formation of the modern territory. The analysis of favorable material conditions and the perception that these differences and gradations are generating new forms of this landscape (difference), so attention to a historical and return continued the landscape is the ability to print a new thinking about the city and landscape, object of our study.
Efeito do ácido acético sobre o crescimento e fermentação da levedura Meyerozyma guilliermondii
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Perna, Michelle dos Santos Cordeiro
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
The viability of technologies that make possible to use all available plant biomass, such as the production of lignocellulosic ethanol, faces challenges as the search for microorganisms capable of fermenting pentoses with high tolerance to inhibitors released in the biomass hydrolysis step, such as acetic acid and furfural. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolizing capacity of pentoses and glucose by a yeast strain of Meyerozyma guilliermondii (CCT7783) in the presence of furfural and acetic acid. The first set of experiments comprised the evaluation of cell growth in a synthetic medium containing acetic acid as the sole carbon source at concentrations of 1.5; 2.5; 4.5; 10.5; 13.5; 16.5 and 19.5 g/L at 30°C, 160 rpm, pH 5.5, with initial concentration of 0.2 g/L of dry mass for a period of 96 hours of incubation. It was also evaluated the effect of pH (3.5 and 5.5) and the initial concentration of dry mass (0.2, 0.5 and 2.5 g/L). The second set of experiments consisted in the evaluation of the effect of furfural (20 and 40 mg/L) and acetic acid (5 and 10 g/L) in the fermentation of pentoses (arabinose and xylose) and glucose, biomass and ethanol production. The yeast M. guilliermondii was able to grow in synthetic medium in all the acetic acid concentrations tested, at pH 5.5. The concentrations of acetic acid evaluated were much higher than those commonly found in hemicellulosic hydrolysates. Growth inhibition occurred in concentrations of acetic acid beyond 10.5 g/L. The initial pH and the initial cell concentration influenced the growth and the acetic acid consumption. In synthetic medium containing glucose, pentoses and acetic acid as carbon sources, the highest specific growth rate was obtained in the treatment with the addition of 5 g/L of acetic acid, which was consumed concomitantly with the pentoses and glucose in all treatments, however the acetic acid was an inhibitor at the concentration of 10 g/L. Furfural inhibited the growth of the yeast in the concentration of 40 mg/L. The ethanol production by M. guilliermondii was lower comparing to the micro-organisms commonly utilized in the fermentation process. The yeast was able to grow and promote the biological detoxification even in the presence of the inhibitors like acetic acid and furfural, showing that the process requires optimization and that the yeast M. guilliermondii may be applied in biotechnological routes for the production of second generation ethanol.
Mecânica quântica no espaço de fase não-comutativo e aplicações em termodinâmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Santos, Jonas Floriano Gomes dos
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Bernardini, Alex Eduardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5215976260958847
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6434556140595081
In this work we study theoretical aspects arising from the fact of considering a quantum theory with general relations of noncommutativity. Through the quantum mechanics in phase-space formalism in the Wigner-Weyl prescription, we obtained the Wigner function describing the state of the system and the respective eigenvalues. By using the Seiberg-Witten map to describe noncommutative quantum systems in the standard Hilbert space, it was possible to write NC effects as potential terms in the Hamiltonian operator, where it was verified that they act in general like an effective external magnetic field on the system. We quantify the impact of this deformed Weyl-Heisenberg algebra in some relevant quantum systems through the tools of information theory. Finally, we investigate noncommutative effects in quantum heat engines and quantify them by using the thermodynamic eficiency for some specific cycles, the iso-magnetic and the iso-energetic ones. Also considering thermodynamics cycles, we investigated noncommutative effects in a Carnot cycle and one shows in this case that the e"ciency is not affected, reinforcing the validity of the second law of thermodynamics.
Leveduras produtoras de AIA e solubilizadoras de P visando a promoção de crescimento de tomateiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Oliveira, Thaís Borges de
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Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6204600761886422
Microorganisms Plant Growth Promoters (MPCV) have the ability to produce compounds which stimulate plant growth by different mechanisms, such as the production of plant hormones and solubilization of minerals. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of yeast strains as plant growth promoters by producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and phosphate solubilization, and its inoculation of tomato seedlings. Six yeast strains were evaluated belonging to bank microorganisms Agricultural Microbiology and Molecular Laboratory (LAMAM - CCA, UFSCar). For the evaluation of IAA production by isolates the colorimetric method was used, modified DiMenna (1957); for quantification of tricalcium phosphate solubilization was used to colorimetric method of molybdenum blue. The test with tomato seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse with different cell concentrations of T. globosa (5S55) and with or without addition of glucose and tryptophan. The results showed that isolates of T. globosa and Rh. mucilaginosa produced IAA in the presence of tryptophan; the isolates of T. globosa and M. guilliermondii solubilized inorganic phosphate in a liquid medium. The isolate T. globosa (5S55) promoted the growth of tomato seedlings, with significant increases in the length of shoot and root. In conclusion, the isolates of T. globosa, Rh. mucilaginosa and M. guilliermondii have the potential for improving plant production by IAA production and / or phosphate solubilization; the yeast T. globosa (5S55) was shown to promote growth of tomato plants.
Licitação pública : aspectos que influenciam no processo licitatório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Costa Júnior, José Carlos Pereira da
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Faria, Luiz Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754
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Caron, Monica Filomena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408975195954782
One of the public administration principles is the efficient management of public expenditure. This research points out that for public spending efficiency, an efficient management of public bidding, through which the application of much of public resources occurs, is also necessary. For better understanding of the subject, the study searches in organizational theory, concepts on the issue of efficiency in public and private organizations. Supported on the axes of celerity, economic viability, and objectivity in the object description, the work aims to assess the environment of public bidding to verify in its normative framework, elements that account for more efficient results. It is a bibliographical and documentary research analyzed by a variety of combined methods and procedures, (Prodanov and Freitas, 2013), according to the comparative method. This way, we attempt to provide clarity on the issue and assist in the formulation of proposals with the help of the inductive method. The research is of basic nature, although it can be applied, as it seeks to offer the public administrative manager, solutions to the bidding process.
O consumo de drogas na escola : elaboração e avaliação de um treinamento para professores a partir de suas atitudes em relação à problemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26)
Silva, Pâmela Migliorini Claudino da
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Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7666475085835486
Official national studies show that, in Brazil the experimental consumption of alcohol occurs between 10 and 12 years of age, something worrisome, because the earlier, the greater the risk of developing abuse and/or addiction. As for illicit drugs, the more consumed by teenagers are inhalants, marijuana, anti-anxiety drugs, cocaine and amphetamines, respectively. Highlights that, in this phase of life, the brain is also in training and the use of drugs can interfere in this process, with important consequences such as damage in memory, concentration and development of skills. Furthermore, under its effect, teens are likely to engage in violence as fights and traffic accidents and sexual risk behaviors, exposing yourself to sexually transmitted diseases and early pregnancy. In this way, it is essential that professionals who have great contact with these young people as teachers, for example, are trained to deal with this situation, helping them to reflect on the problem of the use of psychoactive substances (SPA) in the context of adolescence. That said, this study presents the process of elaboration and evaluation of a training program for the training of high school teachers in relation to the problem of drugs in the context of adolescence and the need to implement prevention within schools. Sought to mobilize teachers to reflect on the importance of their role and attitudes in front of a multifaceted issue which requires a systematic work, which promotes dialogue, reflection and integration of knowledge and practice. The survey was conducted in two stages, the first being on a descriptive and exploratory study and the second to the construction of a proposed training for teachers and its evaluation by specialists. Step 1 appears as an analysis of the attitudes of teachers of high school before the approach of using SPA, in its context. Step 2 already features the proposition of an educational intervention, in this case, training and evaluation of its contents. Results and discussions of the work were presented in the form of articles, in line with steps 1 and 2 of the method. The study concluded that the school territory must be understood as educational processes and generator space articulator of public health policies, in this case involving the problem of use of SPA, directed to adolescents and young people. To ensure that such actions are effectively implemented, however, there is a need to overcome stigmas and prejudices on the subject within the school environment, in addition to greater involvement and investment of managing authorities in the process of preparation of the teaching staff, mainly through education. In this sense, the implementation of a targeted training to teachers of high school seems to be a plausible strategy to start this reflective process, since this training proposal is based on communion between theory and reality, the singular and the General, in a dialectical and critical movement that seeks a significant training and also the possibility of constructing an area of transformation and emancipation.
Bases de Schiff como potenciais agentes leishmanicidas contra Leishmania chagasi in vitro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-28)
Coelho, Laiza Gabriela Gavioli
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Souza, Clóvis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
;
Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4918261968772806
The neglected diseases are a group of diseases with a higher incidence in poor regions and tropical or subtropical climate. The leishmanioses are listed in this group of diseases, which may present themselves in two ways: tegumentary leishmaniasis or Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). The VL in the new world has as the etiology Leishmania chagasi, which is transmitted by the bite of the sandfly, especially Lutzomya longipalpis. There are some medications used for the treatment of VL, however, still there are recurrence rates and high mortality. In addition to the severe side effects related to these therapies, as Nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity. Not long ago it was developed the amphotericin B encapsulated the Liposomes, associated with mild side effects, however still with an onerous cost, being hard to use in regions devoid of resources. In this work we aim to evaluate the activity of 15 compounds with Schiff bases complexed or not the metals (copper, nickel, zinc and iron), to inhibit promastigotes of Leishmania chagasi in vitro, as well as the cytotoxicity of these front of macrophages and fibroblasts in vitro. For tests with the promastigotas 24 hour incubation was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of resazurin method was used. To evaluate the cytotoxicity of compounds was incubated for 24 or 48 hours, using the colorimetric method with MTT. Of the 15 compounds evaluated, 11 showed good activity in inhibiting the promastigotas in the concentrations tested, the cytotoxicity performed with these 11 compounds. Copper complexes (D1, D2, D3) presented best activities when compared with their respective free ligands. However, they also showed cytotoxicity. The compounds complexed with iron (C1 and C3) also showed activity against the promastigotes, showing no or low cytotoxicity front cells, except the C1 that presented certain toxicity front of macrophages. The Methoxy group was what showed best activity when compared to the other free ligands. Generally the free ligands, without metals, were the ones who presented lower cytotoxicity.
Caracterização biofísica da delta-1-pirrolina-5- carboxilato desidrogenase de Trypanosoma cruzi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-28)
Moraes, Alan Raphael de Farias Klein
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Thiemann, Otávio Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4933022274560322
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8621158784289128
Chagas Disease is a sickness that affects the population present of Latin America and it is classified by the World Health Organization as a Neglected Tropical Diseases. Chagas disease is caused by the flagellated parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which belong to the same family as Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania sp., and has a complex life cycle, going from an invertebrate host to a vertebrate one. In order to survive and proliferate in these host changes, T. cruzi must adapt itself to osmotic and oxidative stresses, changes in the environmental ion composition and shifts in energy sources. To perform this adaptation, the amino acid Lproline has presented an important and essential participation that affects the protozoan life cycle, such as support of the mitochondrial metabolism, the host-cell invasion and metacyclogenesis. T. cruzi 1-Delta-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase (TcP5CDH) is involved in the catabolism of proline holding a major role in its conversion by transforming pyrroline-5-carboxylate into L-glutamate (the second step of the catabolic path) and, thus, seeming to be a promising molecular target for new drug development. The amino acids sequence of PP5CDH was used for conservation analysis, secondary structure prediction, identification of functional domains, and building of tertiary structure computer models with the techniques of Molecular Modeling and Molecular Docking. The TcP5CDH (MW: 60 kDa) was expressed in a heterologous fashion in Escherichia coli, and purified with affinity and size exclusion chromatography, resulting in approximately 2 mg/L of expression. The Dynamic Light Scattering assays where carried out with the recombinant P5CDH in the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 e 2.0 mg/mL, and presented an apparent molecular weight of 223,4 kDa (Rh: 12,01 nm), 246,4 kDa (Rh: 12,53 nm), 310,5 kDa (Rh: 13,83 nm) e 312,0 kDa (Rh: 12,13,86 nm), respespectively. The Circular Dichroism spectroscopy was performed with 0.2 mg/mL of TcP5CDH in the presence and absence of 100 μM of NAD+, L-Glu, and its inhibitor Disulfiram, presenting a Tm of Tm 60,01 ºC, 59,76 ºC, 57,76 ºC e 58,18 ºC, showing that TcP5CDH has a more thermic stability without ligands. Also, a deconvolution was made showing that TcP5CDH has 23% of alfa-helix, 12,3% of antiparallel beta-sheetst and 12,4% parallel beta-sheets, 18,3% of turns 41,7% of disorganized structures. These results will contribute to the understanding of the pathway of L- proline in T. cruzi and the possible future development of new drugs.
Algoritmo genético com operador de transgenia para minimização de makespan da programação reativa da produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Viana, Monique Simplicio
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Morandin Júnior, Orides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2170916137102628
In recent years, several studies have been carried out to minimize the production time (makespan) in a production schedule of a scenario that represents a manufacturing system. The problem of production scheduling is classified as a combinatorial problem belongs to the NP-hard class of computational problems. Furthermore, in a real world production system, there are many unexpected events (eg, review of production, entry of new products, breaking machines, etc.). To deal with the interruptions of the initial programming, we need to change any settings, which is called reactive production schedule or, simply, reactive scheduling. As a problem of combinatorial features, meta-heuristics is widely used in its resolution. This paper proposes a method that uses an evolutionary meta-heuristic Genetic Algorithm in conjunction with an operator called “Transgenics”, which allows to manipulate the genetic material of individuals adding features which are believed to be important, with the proposal to direct some population of individuals to a more favorable solution to the problem without removing the diversity of the population with a lower cost of time. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics Operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm is able to bring better results than the makespan algorithm and compared in a shorter processing time due to the search direction which provides transgenic operator.
Fragmentos de DNA mitocondrial e nuclear nos estudos de taxonomia e filogenia de Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Rosa, Keila de Cassia Coelho
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Peronti, Ana Lucia Benfatti Gonzalez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4064576183554693
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Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
Molecular biology techniques, such as DNA sequencing to verify genetic polymorphisms, have been increasingly used in taxonomy studies and phylogenetic systematics. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI), chosen to be a universal marker of barcode of life (DNA barcoding), has been used in the identification of many living organisms, as well as for intraspecific variability studies, find cryptic species, among other uses. Phylogenetic studies generally combine two or more markers to increase the resolution at different taxonomic levels. Therefore, in this study, these techniques were employed to help taxonomy and phylogeny studies of scale insect species belonging to the Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae). In the first chapter, DNA barcoding sequences were generated for four new species of the genus Ceroplastes Gray that were described morphologically. The integrated use of genetic and morphological data facilitated the establishment of the species, despite the phenotypic variability presented by some of the species. In the second chapter, fragments of COI and 28S genes were used to confirm that the Ceroplastes glomeratus Peronti species has two different forms, changing the behavior and morphological characters in different generations. In the third chapter, the molecular data obtained by sequencing of small fragments of COI and 28S genes grouped were used to construct phylogenetic hypothesis among the Ceroplastinae species studied here, testing groups that have been proposed previously for some species with distribution in the state of São Paulo, applying the methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesin inference.
Heterostructure formation of BiVO4 with different Bi compounds : role of the heterojunction on photocatalytic properties
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Lopes, Osmando Ferreira
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9493281509128559
Semiconductors employed as photocatalysts that can be activated by visible irradiation have attracted intense scientific interest due to their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis. BiVO4 is a semiconductor with band gap value of 2.4 eV; however, this material exhibits poor photocatalytic activity mainly due to the rapid recombination of electron/hole pair. An efficient strategy to overcome this challenge is through the formation of type-II heterostructures. Based on this overview, this work aimed at: (i) developing methods to obtain heterostructures composed of BiVO4 and different bismuth compounds (t-BiVO4, Bi2O3 e Bi2O2CO3), (ii) to evaluate the effect of heterojunction formation on photocatalytic properties, and (iii) to study the mechanisms of charge transfer and organic pollutants degradation. Initially, this work investigated the synthesis of BiVO4 by oxidant peroxide method, and it was observed that the main reason for the poor photoactivity of BiVO4 is its inability to reduce O2 to O2 •-. In order to overcome this challenge, we attempted to obtain heterostructures between monoclinic BiVO4 and tetragonal BiVO4 phases (m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4) by oxidant peroxide method. It was verified that m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructures exhibited better photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye than their isolated phases, under visible irradiation. HRTEM images revealed that the heterostructured sample was composed of nanoparticles with average size of 10 nm, the m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 interface was also evidenced. The mechanisms of charge transfer between the phases and organic pollutant oxidation were proposed in agreement with the obtained results by XPS, mass spectroscopy and TOC analysis. Holes (h+), superoxide anion (O2 -•) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were the primary active species responsible for MB photodegradation. The increase of m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructure photoactivity occurred due to the formation of a suitable heterojunction, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated charges. However, this method presented difficulties in the control of heterostructure morphology and composition, because it is based on a simultaneous two-phase crystallization process. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy for heterostructure tailoring driven by solubility difference of two semiconductors that possess at least one metal in common. For this, the formation of heterojunctions by BiVO4 growth on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 self-sacrificial surface was evaluated. For the Bi2O3/BiVO4 heterostructures, the amount of xiv heterojunctions formed between Bi2O3 and BiVO4 was tuned by synthesis process variables (temperature and V concentration) and the particle size of preformed Bi2O3 (i.e. solubility difference). The heterojunctions were evidenced by HRTEM images, where the growth of BiVO4 nanoparticles on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 surface was observed. Time resolved photoluminescence and XPS results confirmed that the formation of type-II heterostructure led to increase of charge carriers lifetime. The proposed synthesis strategy showed efficiency in obtaining Bi2O3/BiVO4 and Bi2O2CO3/BiVO4 heterostructures with controlled morphology and composition that improved photoactivity when compared to their isolated phases.
Mapeamento de QTLs associados à resistência a Alternaria alternata em híbridos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Campos, Kelly Aparecida Fernandes de
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Bastianel, Marinês
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523177587459092
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Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571
Alternaria brown spot (ABS) disease is caused by a fungus of Alternaria genus, that causes injury and fruit depreciation, leaves fall, drought of pointers and new shoots. The action of the fungus Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri is directly associated by the presence of toxin receptors on susceptible genotypes. The objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize the phenotype of 264 citrus hybrids obtained from crossing LPA Pera de Abril sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) vs H163, a hybrid between Murcott tangor (C. reticulata x C. sinensis) x Pera sweet orange (C. sinensis), for response to A. alternata, via conidia suspension inoculation of detached young leaves (in vitro) and (2) construction of a linkage map using DArT_seq markers to identify possible QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) associated to disease resistance. The fungus was isolated from lesions of Murcott tangor fruits with ABS symptoms and inoculated via conidia suspension on detached young leaves (in vitro). Two hundred and thirty five hybrids were evaluated and 70 (30%) showed different levels of disease symptoms after 72 hours of inoculation with the fungus on detached leaves and 165 (70%) were asymptomatic. The integrated linkage map, built with OneMap program, resulted in 726 DArT_seqTM and three SSR molecular markers that covered nine linkage groups, corresponding to the haploid number of chromosomes of the specie. Using the values of AUDPC, seven QTLs associated with resistance to ABS were localized in linkage groups of the integrated map. The integrated linkage map of Pera de Abril sweet orange (LPA) vs. H163 has a high degree of synteny with pseudo-chromosomes of sweet orange (C. sinensis).
O território nas práticas da estratégia saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Gurgel, Maria Dorise Simão Lopes
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Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1972453197208714
Starting from the assumption that even the territory being the central element in the working process of family health teams, these teams still have difficulties in using it for the implementation of health practices, advancing slowly towards the achievement of the integral model of health care. The aim of this study is to analyze how the family health teams in the city of Pocos de Caldas understand the territory in their health practices. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Focal groups with six family health teams were conducted, where doctors, nurses, community health workers and nursing technicians were interviewed. The data were subjected to content analysis, thematic modality. The results of this study are presented in the form of two articles. The first article, titled: “The meaning of territory for family health teams” discussed two categories: "Beyond the geographical boundaries: from the concept of territory to the reality of the territory" and "The (non)participation of the team in delimiting the territory. " The second article, titled: “Health actions and needs in the territory of family health” discussed the following categories: "Understandings and coping strategies in the diversity of the territory", "Development of practices to the territory: possibilities and difficulties "," the role of municipal management in supporting actions in the territory. The results showed that the understanding of territory for the study participants at first is restricted to the concept of geographical area of delimitation, but when they reflect on their working reality, they express the diversities and dynamism of this service territory. They also refer that access is a limiting factor in the development of the practice of the teams and express on the matrix support being a potentiator of work, and that the precariousness of information systems limits the actions of employees. The management was seen as incipient, helping minority in the work process and discussions. Team dissatisfaction reports were identified in relation to the process of demarcation of the territory to be held in isolation by the staff of the municipal administration and difficulties generated in the work process were pointed out. The importance of managers to support decision-making teams and appreciate the participation of workers and the population in the delimitation of the territories to improve health practices was emphasized.
Análise do efeito de alterações de parâmetros de projeto em coletores solares planos para aquecimento de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Silva, Gildásio de Paula
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Barreto, Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3758558559712642
The objective of this work is to present the manufacturing parameters of the solar collectors, subject to modification, resulting in improved performance. A discretization of the components of the solar collector was made, identifying the points that could be improved, the importance of each one and its influence on the operation of the collector as a whole. These modifications were simulated by means of a mathematical model, namely: the position of the absorber surface; The distance between the absorber surface and transparent cover; The relationship between thickness and width of the absorber surface. The EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software was used to perform the simulation. The model that was implemented in the EES was a flat solar collector of 1.0 m². After the simulation was carried out, three prototypes were built, one with characteristics common to the collectors available in the market and called the Standard and two more manufactured with the proposed modifications. All the models were sent to the Thermal Efficiency test in a laboratory accredited by INMETRO. The results of the simulation indicated that the change in the position of the absorber surface shows an increase of 0.11 m² in the absorber area of the collector; The computational simulation indicated that the increase in the distance between the absorber surface and the transparent cover in the collectors generated an increase in heat loss from the top of the collector of 0.058 W / m²K; The change of the thickness and width of the absorber surface generated a reduction in the efficiency of 94% in the standard collector to 90% in the proposed prototype. The combination of the mounting position and the distance between the absorber surface and the cover showed a 5% increase in the energy production of this collector. For the results of the laboratory tests it was observed that the prototype with the modifications in the thickness and width of the absorber surface showed a decrease in its performance and the prototype with the combination of the mounting position with the distance between the absorber surface did not show an improvement in its performance , Which was contrary to the mathematical model and whose explanation is due to the uncertainty of ± 2.92% of the production line of the company supplying the prototypes.
Sistemas de gestão de aprendizagem e o professor no século XXI : uma análise discursiva dos efeitos das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação na formação do imaginário docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Ferreira, Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva
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Abreu, Ana Silvia Couto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461517670259813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0322712366911621
The main purpose of this study is to analyze, by using Discursive Sequences, the paradox established during the construction of the teacher’s image in the twenty-first century. The corpus of this research consists of two Learning Management Systems (LMS) - Schoology and Edmodo - and official documents such as Leis de Diretrizes e Bases. French Discourse Analysis will be used as theory and method, in which authors as Pêcheux (1995, 2008) and Orlandi (2004, 2009, 2014) define concepts such as paraphrasing and metaphor for construction and maintenance of discourse. These concepts, related to Dominique Julia’s theory (2000), evoke the discursive memory and its effects on the development of the teacher’s image due to technological changes.
Pneumonia e vulnerabilidade social : um olhar para família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Souza, Renata Olzon Dionysio de
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Dupas, Giselle
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8223503716906093
Introduction and purpose: Disease of important medical and social impact, pneumonia reaches, especially, the age of children under five years. The family, responsible for child care should be understood in this context. Thus this research aimed to "understand the family as a unit of care in the child's illness situation pneumonia." Methodology: Descriptive documentary research led families of children hospitalized for pneumonia, under 5 years of age from areas of greater social vulnerability, in which the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) was used for data collection and analysis of results Results: 245 admissions were analyzed, which pointed to 22 families who contemplated the purpose of the study, of which 14 effectively participated in the interview. The application of CFAM granted us to observed families in the life cycle of development of young children, receiving the support of the extended family, using the various health facilities, unordered form and not referenced, with difficult access. The daily activities allowed to observe the care provided to children from the moment of prenatal, through breastfeeding and the mothercraft, in care for the prevention and disease situation. The female figure was more present in the mother's form and support of grandparents, and beliefs permeated the attitudes related to the disease in an attempt to control. Conclusion: This research allowed us to understand how health promotion occurs in the family unit, considering its support and the relationship with the health networks. Regarding the institutions, it was found not to effectiveness in carrying out its role. The model allowed a comprehensive look and systematized the family, demonstrating the need to understand the singularity of each, a movement, essential for nursing, making it possible to build jointly solutions, timely and assertive.
Análise da atitude de jovens universitários com relação ao ciclismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Dezani, Adriana Alvarenga
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1211535633246019
The use of bicycles as a transportation way has been in discussion for some time. Versatile, lightweight, quiet and clean, the bike can be part of the solution to the transport problems that occur in big cities. The increasing saturation of the city roads by automobiles have recently reinforced the importance of bikes, now suggested as an alternative for sustainable mobility. It is has been noticed that it is no longer used just by leisure, sport or toy means, and has definitely become a transport option, either for financial reasons, agility, welfare, health, convenience or due to the deficiency of public transport. In this research we aimed at studying the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behavior in order to analyze the attitude of university students towards cycling, aiming at identifying the behavioral factors that can explain the bike option for utility trips (to work and to school). The methodology has started by the bibliographic research in order to identify the factors that influence the attitude towards cycling, followed by the development of the survey instrument. Targeting this end, we have developed a questionnaire based on the three constructs of Planned Behavior Theory and based on observable variables on the habit and intention in using the bike, betaking the Google Drive tool for this purpose. The questionnaire was sent via email to undergraduates and also it was applied in classrooms, with the authorization of the professors in four public universities (one in each city). From the 1,200 questionnaires sent 705 valid forms were answered on a proper way. The data collection for this research was carried out in public institutions of higher education in São Carlos - SP, São José do Rio Preto - SP, Campo Grande - MS and Tupã - SP. For data analysis, we have used confirmatory factor analysis, factor analysis and cluster analyzes. The survey results allow a better understanding about the construct Attitude towards bicycle use.Throughout the study it was identified that the construct Attitude comes to be represented by three factors: Quality (Health, Economy, Environment), Freedom (Independence, Speed) and Insecurity (accidents, robbery). Another remark was that not always the more positive value for the attitude implies ona strong intention to use the bike. It is considered that this research reached its main goals and the results contribute to the settlement of the policy guidelines encouragement on using bicycles on utilitarian trips, given that the implementation of a program to encourage the use of bicycle policy can bring economic and environmental benefitsfor a city.