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Efeito do ácido acético sobre o crescimento e fermentação da levedura Meyerozyma guilliermondii
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Perna, Michelle dos Santos Cordeiro; Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
The viability of technologies that make possible to use all available plant biomass, such as the production of lignocellulosic ethanol, faces challenges as the search for microorganisms capable of fermenting pentoses with high tolerance to inhibitors released in the biomass hydrolysis step, such as acetic acid and furfural. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolizing capacity of pentoses and glucose by a yeast strain of Meyerozyma guilliermondii (CCT7783) in the presence of furfural and acetic acid. The first set of experiments comprised the evaluation of cell growth in a synthetic medium containing acetic acid as the sole carbon source at concentrations of 1.5; 2.5; 4.5; 10.5; 13.5; 16.5 and 19.5 g/L at 30°C, 160 rpm, pH 5.5, with initial concentration of 0.2 g/L of dry mass for a period of 96 hours of incubation. It was also evaluated the effect of pH (3.5 and 5.5) and the initial concentration of dry mass (0.2, 0.5 and 2.5 g/L). The second set of experiments consisted in the evaluation of the effect of furfural (20 and 40 mg/L) and acetic acid (5 and 10 g/L) in the fermentation of pentoses (arabinose and xylose) and glucose, biomass and ethanol production. The yeast M. guilliermondii was able to grow in synthetic medium in all the acetic acid concentrations tested, at pH 5.5. The concentrations of acetic acid evaluated were much higher than those commonly found in hemicellulosic hydrolysates. Growth inhibition occurred in concentrations of acetic acid beyond 10.5 g/L. The initial pH and the initial cell concentration influenced the growth and the acetic acid consumption. In synthetic medium containing glucose, pentoses and acetic acid as carbon sources, the highest specific growth rate was obtained in the treatment with the addition of 5 g/L of acetic acid, which was consumed concomitantly with the pentoses and glucose in all treatments, however the acetic acid was an inhibitor at the concentration of 10 g/L. Furfural inhibited the growth of the yeast in the concentration of 40 mg/L. The ethanol production by M. guilliermondii was lower comparing to the micro-organisms commonly utilized in the fermentation process. The yeast was able to grow and promote the biological detoxification even in the presence of the inhibitors like acetic acid and furfural, showing that the process requires optimization and that the yeast M. guilliermondii may be applied in biotechnological routes for the production of second generation ethanol.
Altinópolis : por um projeto de paisagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Magalhães, Kelly Cristina; Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252954539874382
The thesis presents the concept of landscape deconstruction as an alternative to reveal chances of landscape projects for intervention in the territory, and in particular, proposes to its definition as an analytical process and planning instrument in the case of the city of Altinópolis, state of São Paulo. In this approach the landscape of deconstruction in the city of Altinópolis occurs in three categories that enable the analysis in landscape mosaic from an understanding of the relationship timeline Border, Trama and ruin. Runs through the debate between disciplines that have contributed to the latest conceptual outlines of the word landscape, to then be guided by the analysis of the landscape transformation of history, as it emerges from the understanding of a landscape transformation project in constant motion (technical becoming) and the formation of the modern territory. The analysis of favorable material conditions and the perception that these differences and gradations are generating new forms of this landscape (difference), so attention to a historical and return continued the landscape is the ability to print a new thinking about the city and landscape, object of our study.
Licitação pública : aspectos que influenciam no processo licitatório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Costa Júnior, José Carlos Pereira da; Faria, Luiz Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2656343277991754; Caron, Monica Filomena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408975195954782; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1789171339760273
One of the public administration principles is the efficient management of public expenditure. This research points out that for public spending efficiency, an efficient management of public bidding, through which the application of much of public resources occurs, is also necessary. For better understanding of the subject, the study searches in organizational theory, concepts on the issue of efficiency in public and private organizations. Supported on the axes of celerity, economic viability, and objectivity in the object description, the work aims to assess the environment of public bidding to verify in its normative framework, elements that account for more efficient results. It is a bibliographical and documentary research analyzed by a variety of combined methods and procedures, (Prodanov and Freitas, 2013), according to the comparative method. This way, we attempt to provide clarity on the issue and assist in the formulation of proposals with the help of the inductive method. The research is of basic nature, although it can be applied, as it seeks to offer the public administrative manager, solutions to the bidding process.
Mecânica quântica no espaço de fase não-comutativo e aplicações em termodinâmica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Santos, Jonas Floriano Gomes dos; Bernardini, Alex Eduardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5215976260958847; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6434556140595081
In this work we study theoretical aspects arising from the fact of considering a quantum theory with general relations of noncommutativity. Through the quantum mechanics in phase-space formalism in the Wigner-Weyl prescription, we obtained the Wigner function describing the state of the system and the respective eigenvalues. By using the Seiberg-Witten map to describe noncommutative quantum systems in the standard Hilbert space, it was possible to write NC effects as potential terms in the Hamiltonian operator, where it was verified that they act in general like an effective external magnetic field on the system. We quantify the impact of this deformed Weyl-Heisenberg algebra in some relevant quantum systems through the tools of information theory. Finally, we investigate noncommutative effects in quantum heat engines and quantify them by using the thermodynamic eficiency for some specific cycles, the iso-magnetic and the iso-energetic ones. Also considering thermodynamics cycles, we investigated noncommutative effects in a Carnot cycle and one shows in this case that the e"ciency is not affected, reinforcing the validity of the second law of thermodynamics.
Leveduras produtoras de AIA e solubilizadoras de P visando a promoção de crescimento de tomateiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Oliveira, Thaís Borges de; Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6204600761886422
Microorganisms Plant Growth Promoters (MPCV) have the ability to produce compounds which stimulate plant growth by different mechanisms, such as the production of plant hormones and solubilization of minerals. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of yeast strains as plant growth promoters by producing indole acetic acid (IAA) and phosphate solubilization, and its inoculation of tomato seedlings. Six yeast strains were evaluated belonging to bank microorganisms Agricultural Microbiology and Molecular Laboratory (LAMAM - CCA, UFSCar). For the evaluation of IAA production by isolates the colorimetric method was used, modified DiMenna (1957); for quantification of tricalcium phosphate solubilization was used to colorimetric method of molybdenum blue. The test with tomato seedlings was conducted in a greenhouse with different cell concentrations of T. globosa (5S55) and with or without addition of glucose and tryptophan. The results showed that isolates of T. globosa and Rh. mucilaginosa produced IAA in the presence of tryptophan; the isolates of T. globosa and M. guilliermondii solubilized inorganic phosphate in a liquid medium. The isolate T. globosa (5S55) promoted the growth of tomato seedlings, with significant increases in the length of shoot and root. In conclusion, the isolates of T. globosa, Rh. mucilaginosa and M. guilliermondii have the potential for improving plant production by IAA production and / or phosphate solubilization; the yeast T. globosa (5S55) was shown to promote growth of tomato plants.
O consumo de drogas na escola : elaboração e avaliação de um treinamento para professores a partir de suas atitudes em relação à problemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-26) Silva, Pâmela Migliorini Claudino da; Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7666475085835486
Official national studies show that, in Brazil the experimental consumption of alcohol occurs between 10 and 12 years of age, something worrisome, because the earlier, the greater the risk of developing abuse and/or addiction. As for illicit drugs, the more consumed by teenagers are inhalants, marijuana, anti-anxiety drugs, cocaine and amphetamines, respectively. Highlights that, in this phase of life, the brain is also in training and the use of drugs can interfere in this process, with important consequences such as damage in memory, concentration and development of skills. Furthermore, under its effect, teens are likely to engage in violence as fights and traffic accidents and sexual risk behaviors, exposing yourself to sexually transmitted diseases and early pregnancy. In this way, it is essential that professionals who have great contact with these young people as teachers, for example, are trained to deal with this situation, helping them to reflect on the problem of the use of psychoactive substances (SPA) in the context of adolescence. That said, this study presents the process of elaboration and evaluation of a training program for the training of high school teachers in relation to the problem of drugs in the context of adolescence and the need to implement prevention within schools. Sought to mobilize teachers to reflect on the importance of their role and attitudes in front of a multifaceted issue which requires a systematic work, which promotes dialogue, reflection and integration of knowledge and practice. The survey was conducted in two stages, the first being on a descriptive and exploratory study and the second to the construction of a proposed training for teachers and its evaluation by specialists. Step 1 appears as an analysis of the attitudes of teachers of high school before the approach of using SPA, in its context. Step 2 already features the proposition of an educational intervention, in this case, training and evaluation of its contents. Results and discussions of the work were presented in the form of articles, in line with steps 1 and 2 of the method. The study concluded that the school territory must be understood as educational processes and generator space articulator of public health policies, in this case involving the problem of use of SPA, directed to adolescents and young people. To ensure that such actions are effectively implemented, however, there is a need to overcome stigmas and prejudices on the subject within the school environment, in addition to greater involvement and investment of managing authorities in the process of preparation of the teaching staff, mainly through education. In this sense, the implementation of a targeted training to teachers of high school seems to be a plausible strategy to start this reflective process, since this training proposal is based on communion between theory and reality, the singular and the General, in a dialectical and critical movement that seeks a significant training and also the possibility of constructing an area of transformation and emancipation.