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Algoritmo genético com operador de transgenia para minimização de makespan da programação reativa da produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Viana, Monique Simplicio
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Morandin Júnior, Orides
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2170916137102628
In recent years, several studies have been carried out to minimize the production time (makespan) in a production schedule of a scenario that represents a manufacturing system. The problem of production scheduling is classified as a combinatorial problem belongs to the NP-hard class of computational problems. Furthermore, in a real world production system, there are many unexpected events (eg, review of production, entry of new products, breaking machines, etc.). To deal with the interruptions of the initial programming, we need to change any settings, which is called reactive production schedule or, simply, reactive scheduling. As a problem of combinatorial features, meta-heuristics is widely used in its resolution. This paper proposes a method that uses an evolutionary meta-heuristic Genetic Algorithm in conjunction with an operator called “Transgenics”, which allows to manipulate the genetic material of individuals adding features which are believed to be important, with the proposal to direct some population of individuals to a more favorable solution to the problem without removing the diversity of the population with a lower cost of time. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics Operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm is able to bring better results than the makespan algorithm and compared in a shorter processing time due to the search direction which provides transgenic operator.
Fragmentos de DNA mitocondrial e nuclear nos estudos de taxonomia e filogenia de Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Rosa, Keila de Cassia Coelho
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Peronti, Ana Lucia Benfatti Gonzalez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4064576183554693
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Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839
Molecular biology techniques, such as DNA sequencing to verify genetic polymorphisms, have been increasingly used in taxonomy studies and phylogenetic systematics. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI), chosen to be a universal marker of barcode of life (DNA barcoding), has been used in the identification of many living organisms, as well as for intraspecific variability studies, find cryptic species, among other uses. Phylogenetic studies generally combine two or more markers to increase the resolution at different taxonomic levels. Therefore, in this study, these techniques were employed to help taxonomy and phylogeny studies of scale insect species belonging to the Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae). In the first chapter, DNA barcoding sequences were generated for four new species of the genus Ceroplastes Gray that were described morphologically. The integrated use of genetic and morphological data facilitated the establishment of the species, despite the phenotypic variability presented by some of the species. In the second chapter, fragments of COI and 28S genes were used to confirm that the Ceroplastes glomeratus Peronti species has two different forms, changing the behavior and morphological characters in different generations. In the third chapter, the molecular data obtained by sequencing of small fragments of COI and 28S genes grouped were used to construct phylogenetic hypothesis among the Ceroplastinae species studied here, testing groups that have been proposed previously for some species with distribution in the state of São Paulo, applying the methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesin inference.
Heterostructure formation of BiVO4 with different Bi compounds : role of the heterojunction on photocatalytic properties
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Lopes, Osmando Ferreira
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9493281509128559
Semiconductors employed as photocatalysts that can be activated by visible irradiation have attracted intense scientific interest due to their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis. BiVO4 is a semiconductor with band gap value of 2.4 eV; however, this material exhibits poor photocatalytic activity mainly due to the rapid recombination of electron/hole pair. An efficient strategy to overcome this challenge is through the formation of type-II heterostructures. Based on this overview, this work aimed at: (i) developing methods to obtain heterostructures composed of BiVO4 and different bismuth compounds (t-BiVO4, Bi2O3 e Bi2O2CO3), (ii) to evaluate the effect of heterojunction formation on photocatalytic properties, and (iii) to study the mechanisms of charge transfer and organic pollutants degradation. Initially, this work investigated the synthesis of BiVO4 by oxidant peroxide method, and it was observed that the main reason for the poor photoactivity of BiVO4 is its inability to reduce O2 to O2 •-. In order to overcome this challenge, we attempted to obtain heterostructures between monoclinic BiVO4 and tetragonal BiVO4 phases (m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4) by oxidant peroxide method. It was verified that m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructures exhibited better photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye than their isolated phases, under visible irradiation. HRTEM images revealed that the heterostructured sample was composed of nanoparticles with average size of 10 nm, the m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 interface was also evidenced. The mechanisms of charge transfer between the phases and organic pollutant oxidation were proposed in agreement with the obtained results by XPS, mass spectroscopy and TOC analysis. Holes (h+), superoxide anion (O2 -•) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were the primary active species responsible for MB photodegradation. The increase of m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructure photoactivity occurred due to the formation of a suitable heterojunction, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated charges. However, this method presented difficulties in the control of heterostructure morphology and composition, because it is based on a simultaneous two-phase crystallization process. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy for heterostructure tailoring driven by solubility difference of two semiconductors that possess at least one metal in common. For this, the formation of heterojunctions by BiVO4 growth on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 self-sacrificial surface was evaluated. For the Bi2O3/BiVO4 heterostructures, the amount of xiv heterojunctions formed between Bi2O3 and BiVO4 was tuned by synthesis process variables (temperature and V concentration) and the particle size of preformed Bi2O3 (i.e. solubility difference). The heterojunctions were evidenced by HRTEM images, where the growth of BiVO4 nanoparticles on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 surface was observed. Time resolved photoluminescence and XPS results confirmed that the formation of type-II heterostructure led to increase of charge carriers lifetime. The proposed synthesis strategy showed efficiency in obtaining Bi2O3/BiVO4 and Bi2O2CO3/BiVO4 heterostructures with controlled morphology and composition that improved photoactivity when compared to their isolated phases.
Mapeamento de QTLs associados à resistência a Alternaria alternata em híbridos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Campos, Kelly Aparecida Fernandes de
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Bastianel, Marinês
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523177587459092
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Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571
Alternaria brown spot (ABS) disease is caused by a fungus of Alternaria genus, that causes injury and fruit depreciation, leaves fall, drought of pointers and new shoots. The action of the fungus Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri is directly associated by the presence of toxin receptors on susceptible genotypes. The objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize the phenotype of 264 citrus hybrids obtained from crossing LPA Pera de Abril sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) vs H163, a hybrid between Murcott tangor (C. reticulata x C. sinensis) x Pera sweet orange (C. sinensis), for response to A. alternata, via conidia suspension inoculation of detached young leaves (in vitro) and (2) construction of a linkage map using DArT_seq markers to identify possible QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) associated to disease resistance. The fungus was isolated from lesions of Murcott tangor fruits with ABS symptoms and inoculated via conidia suspension on detached young leaves (in vitro). Two hundred and thirty five hybrids were evaluated and 70 (30%) showed different levels of disease symptoms after 72 hours of inoculation with the fungus on detached leaves and 165 (70%) were asymptomatic. The integrated linkage map, built with OneMap program, resulted in 726 DArT_seqTM and three SSR molecular markers that covered nine linkage groups, corresponding to the haploid number of chromosomes of the specie. Using the values of AUDPC, seven QTLs associated with resistance to ABS were localized in linkage groups of the integrated map. The integrated linkage map of Pera de Abril sweet orange (LPA) vs. H163 has a high degree of synteny with pseudo-chromosomes of sweet orange (C. sinensis).
O território nas práticas da estratégia saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Gurgel, Maria Dorise Simão Lopes
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Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1972453197208714
Starting from the assumption that even the territory being the central element in the working process of family health teams, these teams still have difficulties in using it for the implementation of health practices, advancing slowly towards the achievement of the integral model of health care. The aim of this study is to analyze how the family health teams in the city of Pocos de Caldas understand the territory in their health practices. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Focal groups with six family health teams were conducted, where doctors, nurses, community health workers and nursing technicians were interviewed. The data were subjected to content analysis, thematic modality. The results of this study are presented in the form of two articles. The first article, titled: “The meaning of territory for family health teams” discussed two categories: "Beyond the geographical boundaries: from the concept of territory to the reality of the territory" and "The (non)participation of the team in delimiting the territory. " The second article, titled: “Health actions and needs in the territory of family health” discussed the following categories: "Understandings and coping strategies in the diversity of the territory", "Development of practices to the territory: possibilities and difficulties "," the role of municipal management in supporting actions in the territory. The results showed that the understanding of territory for the study participants at first is restricted to the concept of geographical area of delimitation, but when they reflect on their working reality, they express the diversities and dynamism of this service territory. They also refer that access is a limiting factor in the development of the practice of the teams and express on the matrix support being a potentiator of work, and that the precariousness of information systems limits the actions of employees. The management was seen as incipient, helping minority in the work process and discussions. Team dissatisfaction reports were identified in relation to the process of demarcation of the territory to be held in isolation by the staff of the municipal administration and difficulties generated in the work process were pointed out. The importance of managers to support decision-making teams and appreciate the participation of workers and the population in the delimitation of the territories to improve health practices was emphasized.
Análise do efeito de alterações de parâmetros de projeto em coletores solares planos para aquecimento de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Silva, Gildásio de Paula
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Barreto, Douglas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3758558559712642
The objective of this work is to present the manufacturing parameters of the solar collectors, subject to modification, resulting in improved performance. A discretization of the components of the solar collector was made, identifying the points that could be improved, the importance of each one and its influence on the operation of the collector as a whole. These modifications were simulated by means of a mathematical model, namely: the position of the absorber surface; The distance between the absorber surface and transparent cover; The relationship between thickness and width of the absorber surface. The EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software was used to perform the simulation. The model that was implemented in the EES was a flat solar collector of 1.0 m². After the simulation was carried out, three prototypes were built, one with characteristics common to the collectors available in the market and called the Standard and two more manufactured with the proposed modifications. All the models were sent to the Thermal Efficiency test in a laboratory accredited by INMETRO. The results of the simulation indicated that the change in the position of the absorber surface shows an increase of 0.11 m² in the absorber area of the collector; The computational simulation indicated that the increase in the distance between the absorber surface and the transparent cover in the collectors generated an increase in heat loss from the top of the collector of 0.058 W / m²K; The change of the thickness and width of the absorber surface generated a reduction in the efficiency of 94% in the standard collector to 90% in the proposed prototype. The combination of the mounting position and the distance between the absorber surface and the cover showed a 5% increase in the energy production of this collector. For the results of the laboratory tests it was observed that the prototype with the modifications in the thickness and width of the absorber surface showed a decrease in its performance and the prototype with the combination of the mounting position with the distance between the absorber surface did not show an improvement in its performance , Which was contrary to the mathematical model and whose explanation is due to the uncertainty of ± 2.92% of the production line of the company supplying the prototypes.
Sistemas de gestão de aprendizagem e o professor no século XXI : uma análise discursiva dos efeitos das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação na formação do imaginário docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Ferreira, Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva
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Abreu, Ana Silvia Couto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461517670259813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0322712366911621
The main purpose of this study is to analyze, by using Discursive Sequences, the paradox established during the construction of the teacher’s image in the twenty-first century. The corpus of this research consists of two Learning Management Systems (LMS) - Schoology and Edmodo - and official documents such as Leis de Diretrizes e Bases. French Discourse Analysis will be used as theory and method, in which authors as Pêcheux (1995, 2008) and Orlandi (2004, 2009, 2014) define concepts such as paraphrasing and metaphor for construction and maintenance of discourse. These concepts, related to Dominique Julia’s theory (2000), evoke the discursive memory and its effects on the development of the teacher’s image due to technological changes.
Pneumonia e vulnerabilidade social : um olhar para família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Souza, Renata Olzon Dionysio de
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Dupas, Giselle
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8223503716906093
Introduction and purpose: Disease of important medical and social impact, pneumonia reaches, especially, the age of children under five years. The family, responsible for child care should be understood in this context. Thus this research aimed to "understand the family as a unit of care in the child's illness situation pneumonia." Methodology: Descriptive documentary research led families of children hospitalized for pneumonia, under 5 years of age from areas of greater social vulnerability, in which the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) was used for data collection and analysis of results Results: 245 admissions were analyzed, which pointed to 22 families who contemplated the purpose of the study, of which 14 effectively participated in the interview. The application of CFAM granted us to observed families in the life cycle of development of young children, receiving the support of the extended family, using the various health facilities, unordered form and not referenced, with difficult access. The daily activities allowed to observe the care provided to children from the moment of prenatal, through breastfeeding and the mothercraft, in care for the prevention and disease situation. The female figure was more present in the mother's form and support of grandparents, and beliefs permeated the attitudes related to the disease in an attempt to control. Conclusion: This research allowed us to understand how health promotion occurs in the family unit, considering its support and the relationship with the health networks. Regarding the institutions, it was found not to effectiveness in carrying out its role. The model allowed a comprehensive look and systematized the family, demonstrating the need to understand the singularity of each, a movement, essential for nursing, making it possible to build jointly solutions, timely and assertive.
Análise da atitude de jovens universitários com relação ao ciclismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29)
Dezani, Adriana Alvarenga
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Sanches, Suely da Penha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1211535633246019
The use of bicycles as a transportation way has been in discussion for some time. Versatile, lightweight, quiet and clean, the bike can be part of the solution to the transport problems that occur in big cities. The increasing saturation of the city roads by automobiles have recently reinforced the importance of bikes, now suggested as an alternative for sustainable mobility. It is has been noticed that it is no longer used just by leisure, sport or toy means, and has definitely become a transport option, either for financial reasons, agility, welfare, health, convenience or due to the deficiency of public transport. In this research we aimed at studying the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behavior in order to analyze the attitude of university students towards cycling, aiming at identifying the behavioral factors that can explain the bike option for utility trips (to work and to school). The methodology has started by the bibliographic research in order to identify the factors that influence the attitude towards cycling, followed by the development of the survey instrument. Targeting this end, we have developed a questionnaire based on the three constructs of Planned Behavior Theory and based on observable variables on the habit and intention in using the bike, betaking the Google Drive tool for this purpose. The questionnaire was sent via email to undergraduates and also it was applied in classrooms, with the authorization of the professors in four public universities (one in each city). From the 1,200 questionnaires sent 705 valid forms were answered on a proper way. The data collection for this research was carried out in public institutions of higher education in São Carlos - SP, São José do Rio Preto - SP, Campo Grande - MS and Tupã - SP. For data analysis, we have used confirmatory factor analysis, factor analysis and cluster analyzes. The survey results allow a better understanding about the construct Attitude towards bicycle use.Throughout the study it was identified that the construct Attitude comes to be represented by three factors: Quality (Health, Economy, Environment), Freedom (Independence, Speed) and Insecurity (accidents, robbery). Another remark was that not always the more positive value for the attitude implies ona strong intention to use the bike. It is considered that this research reached its main goals and the results contribute to the settlement of the policy guidelines encouragement on using bicycles on utilitarian trips, given that the implementation of a program to encourage the use of bicycle policy can bring economic and environmental benefitsfor a city.
Mitos e possibilidades do ensino de música no contexto escolar : uma análise crítica à luz da teoria histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-30)
Souza, Carlos Eduardo de
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0180561132480429
The present work discusses the theme of music teaching in the school context, Under the light of the Cultural-Historical Theory elaborated by Vigotsky. The objective of the research was to understand the scope of musical education in human development, taking into account the assumptions of the Historical-Cultural Theory. Music is discussed as the exclusive product of human activity. The development of musical creations accompany the transformations that arise in society and are closely related to them. In order for us to understand music as a cultural manifestation, we must consider the material and historical conditions in which it was constructed, as well as, the meaning it assumes in the different places in which it is produced. The presence of music in the school context is presented and discussed from the literature of Music Education and is justified in this space by adding to the student the specific knowledge of this area. In this way, when learning music the student is led to understand the relation between the sounds and the cultural meanings set in them. In the methodology are presented the theoretical assumptions of Marx's historical and dialectical materialism, as well as, the methodological procedures that characterize the study as theoretical. The discussion of the sources found present the social nature of human talent and the possibilities of every human being to develop them, seeking to overcome conceptions that naturalize this capacity. Also discussed are the possibilities of developing the processes of imagination and creation through musical activities, indicating the importance of mediation of teaching activity in the formation of these psychic functions in students. And finally, the possibilities of psychic transformation that music learning can generate in human beings are presented, taking into account, especially, the specific abilities that can be developed through this practice, such as auditory and aesthetic perception.
Um modelo de rede de sensores sem fio auto-organizada e tolerante a falhas para detecção de incêndios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-30)
Giuntini, Felipe Taliar
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Beder, Delano Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5845245549777383
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1935574844380214
The wildfires caused by human occupation is one of the factors that most contributes to deforestation of conservation areas, resulting in a number of issues for ecological systems. Premature fire detection lead to the elimination or minimize the damage that will be caused by a fire incident. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has been shown to be a good alternative for environmental monitoring applications, as they can collect and send the information in real-time, such as humidity, wind and temperature of various parts of the forest. Due to problems such as power limitation, communication failure and loss of nodes, the network topology is constantly changing, requiring mechanisms to achieve self-organization and fault tolerance. This paper proposes the development of a model and application in selforganizing and fault-tolerant WSNs for fire detection in conservation areas. To achieve self-organization and fault tolerance is encouraged local interactions between neighboring nodes that monitor the same region and the coordination of tasks, through a supervisor node, equipped with a framework for developing fault-tolerant applications based on components. Using a component redundancy technique with adaptive approach, the fire detection solution was implemented. Each component, ie, different implementations of the same specification, it is loaded and unloaded from runtime memory while the node assumes the role of coordinator. The results are stored and after execution of all components is achieved a consensus. For analysis and validation of the model and the application was simulated to 60 events in the sensor network in a real scenario, using the Sinalgo simulator. The results were classified as True (partial or absolute) or False (partial or absolute). In 45% of consensus identified a possible fault in the application and in only 35% there was absolute consensus.
GAIA : uma proposta de guia de recomendações de acessibilidade web com foco em aspectos do autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-30)
Britto, Talita Cristina Pagani
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Pizzolato, Ednaldo Brigante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2821982735490884
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1846402943977059
In the past 20 years, computer solutions has been used as a support tool for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as well for their parents, therapists and educators. Those solutions may be helpful to work social skill, memorizing, communication, vocabulary acquisition, literacy, and other aspects. However, there is lack of artifacts to guide software designers to plan and implement computer solutions suitable to the needs of children with ASD. The literature provide some considerations regarding this factor, but many of them are understandable only for education or computer professionals exclusively. Besides, many contributions may have a restrict access due to paywalls. Those factors motivated the development of GAIA (Guidelines for Accessible Interfaces for people with Autism), a set of 28 guidelines intend to help software developers and digital educators to better understand how to develop website that are suitable to the needs of children with Autism. To develop GAIA, this research was conducted in three stages: a) exploratory bibliographic survey, which generated the first version of the guidelines of GAIA; b) Application of an online survey to map the knowledge of web developers regarding cognitive, neuronal or learning disabilities, in order to understand their gap of knowledge; c) interviews with parents of children with ASD to understand empathically the social, therapeutic and pedagogic value of the technology for children with ASD. Triangulating the data from the three stages, it was possible to get the following conclusions: (i) developers have difficult in understanding the existing materials about web accessibility and also have a lack of knowledge about cognitive disabilities; (ii) the interviews made possible to understand in depth the context of use of the technology by children with ASD; (iii) there were recurring interaction aspects in the interviews that were not found in the literature. With those results, it was possible to refine the guidelines of GAIA e make them available through a website hosted in an open-source repository, so they can be easily accessible by people.
Política e religião : participação política dos católicos carismáticos do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-30)
Reis, Marcos Vinicius de Freitas
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Freston, Paul Charles
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4864799809509408
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0706355533898912
The objective of this study is to analyze the political and partisan behavior of politicians linked to the Catholic Charismatic Renewal (CCR). The choice of this religious segment is due to the reasonable number of politicians elected to the executive and legislature and one of the most significant Catholic Catholicism sectors. Our central question is to understand the reasons for which this movement enters the Brazilian political scene and how established your support for politicians. We raise advertising material, newspaper articles and carrying out semi-structured interviews with politicians, priests, coordinators and participants.
Aplicação dos princípios da construção enxuta em canteiros de obras suportada por simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-30)
Araujo, Alexandre Vicentini de
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Paliari, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3075121997240110
This research aims to propose and simulate various scenarios based on the principles of Lean Construction aiming to run a reticulated structure of reinforced concrete residential building with multiple floors within the stipulated time in its planning, taking as within seven days (takt time) to completion. The research strategies adopted included a literature review, identification of application opportunities of the principles of Lean Construction, the development of computational model that represented the studied structure, as well as the various scenarios and their simulation. The opportunities of application of the Lean Construction principles were identified through evaluation of Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Line of Balance (LB). Five scenarios were prepared, the first being the reference, from which were simulated improvements with the use of simulation software ProModel® in 2014. Each version simulation carried out with consideration of an improvement based on the principles of Lean Construction, resulted in the reduction of lead time, converging in the simulation of the latter scenario, for a little higher than the takt time. As a partial indicator of simulation scenarios were evaluated the average cycle times, drive, hold and conversion data they extracted the software used. A comparison of time between the first scenario, depicted as representing the simple observation of the site plus the inherent variability and the latter scenario, characterized by cumulative application of the principles of lean construction, showed that the cycle time returned a reduction in the order of 29% handling increased by 105%, the expected reduced by 54% and the conversion time reduced by 26%. The main result achieved in the fifth scenario was a Lead Time 66.2 hours production. It can be seen that the use of the VSM and simulation provides a clear and concise communication on lean approaches and thus allows the understanding and continuing evolution of Lean concepts.
Estratégias de permanência e desenvolvimento social na Comunidade Rural Quilombola de Velame, Bahia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-31)
Conceição, Silvano da
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2469311314294126
The research presented here is the result of a case study on the Quilombola Rural Community de Velame, located 54 km away from the city of Vitória da Conquista, Bahia state, highlighting the analysis of public policies that have been taking place in the community since 2004, year in which it received the self-definition certificate from Palmares Cultural Foundation. This study was done based on a qualitative methodology, using the techniques of interviews using the technique. The legislation on land regularization of the federal government and the state of Bahia, as well as the Brazil Quilombo Program and the Identity Territories Program were important sources for the reflection upon the set of actions destined for the traditional people. We noted that the process of public policies development and management in the quilombo communities improved, both in the formulation and in the decentralized management through the creation of councils and boards, as these spaces became means of dialogue/communication between the government and the civil society. However, if on the one hand we noted that progress, on the other hand we realized that the designation of the quilombo lands, essential aspect for the production and reproduction of these communities, keeps walking in a very slowly way and, in the case of Velame, this is harmfull for the community's future.
Participação do óxido nítrico da substância cinzenta periaqueductal dorsolateral na febre induzida por estresse de contenção física em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-31)
Martins, Victor
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Bícego, Kênia Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169967378071426
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8200703408151285
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter that has an important role for cyclic GMPdependent pathway in brain regions involved in thermoregulation in different conditions as fever-induced inflammatory agents. It is known that NO also acts in the brain to mediate fever front response to stress physical restraint, but still are not known your action site. In this context, the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (PAGdl) is a potential site of action of NO, it is involved in stress responses, defensive behaviors and thermoregulation, and express large amounts of the enzyme NO synthase, which is responsible for the synthesis NO. Given these considerations, the hypothesis of this study was that NO exerts a role in the PAGdl cGMP-dependent modulation of the febrile response to stress of physical restraint in rats. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of microinjections of the non-selective NOS inhibitor, L-NMMA, and guanylate cyclase soluble selective inhibitor, ODQ, on PAGdl on body temperature (Tc) and heat loss index ( IPC; expresses the activation of heat conservation mechanism during fever) submitted or not to the stress of physical restraint. There was also the effect of L-NMMA intra PAGdl on oxygen consumption (thermogenesis index) of rats subjected to stress from physical restraint. In conditions of eutermia (no stress), none of the treatments affected the Tc and the IPC of the mice. The Tc increased and the IPC reduced during physical restraint, with a large increase in the IPC shortly after the end of the contention, coinciding with the return of Tc to the initial values. The inhibition of NO synthesis in PAG during physical containment caused a greater increase in Tc when compared to the vehicle without affecting the IPC. Similar effect on Tc and the IPC was caused by ODQ. Oxygen consumption increased during physical restraint, which were higher in animals treated with L-NMMA. The results indicate that NO in PAGdl has an antipyretic effect on physical restraint induced fever in rats by inhibiting the thermogenic effector, but without affecting the conservation of heat. This effect seems to be dependent of the NO-cGMP pathway.
Análise da deslocabilidade lateral de edifícios de múltiplos andares com modelos tridimensionais de barra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-31)
Avilla, Marcella Caon
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9359566098264756
The structural modeling of mult-storey buildings using the simplified model in which the slabs is calculated in isolation and their efforts transferred to a three-dimensional frames is now overcome by the state of the art computational analysis. Currently even with structures formed by bar elements (three-dimensional frames) it is possible to make the analysis considering the effect monolithic of concrete structures or operating as a whole. For certain cases, it is essential to consider all the structural elements participating in the bracing to the structure is presented stable in the horizontal actions combined with vertical actions, such as the flat slabs systems.Through of analysis examples of structures of buildings with multiple floors in reinforced concrete are presented advantages in performing three-dimensional modeling, comparing the results obtained with the simplified models. It shows the importance of considering the slab stiffness in flat slabs systems and how the distribution of efforts to change the three-dimensional model. Analyses are done using commercial software tool allowing verify quantitative variation of structural materials. Finally an analysis is made of the examples made showing the main differences in the new models.
Biotic factors drive bacterioplankton community in a tropical coastal site of the equatorial atlantic ocean
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-01)
Kavagutti, Vinicius Silva
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Sarmento, Hugo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515469289999439
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8665544904276217
The relationship between latitude and microbial diversity in the ocean is controversial. Niche models predict higher richness at high latitudes in winter, while snapshot field-sampling point towards higher richness at intermediate latitudes, with lower values both towards equatorial and Polar Regions. However, given the dynamic nature of ocean’s ecosystem it is difficult to account for temporal variations in empirical assessments of microbial biodiversity. Here, we compared the components of diversity (richness and evenness) and microbial population stability (coefficient of variation) in two coastal ocean observatories with similar trophic state located in contrasting latitudes, one located in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean, and one temperate located in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, to evaluate which factors drive the dynamics of microbial communities in each site. Our observations support the view that, as animals and plants, microbial communities exhibit higher (or at least similar) richness towards the equator, at least in the coastal ocean. We also found evidence of increasing stability with increasing evenness in tropical microbial communities when compared to the temperate ones. Temperature and silicates drove temperate free-living prokaryotic communities, while tropical ones were driven by stochastic factors such as biotic interactions with eukaryotes. We propose a conceptual framework where microbial community composition would be driven by deterministic factors in higher latitudes and once the factor temperature is removed moving towards the equator, more stochastic factors such as biotic interactions would emerge as the main factors shaping microbial communities. This study highlights the importance of comparative studies on Eulerian time-series distributed at different latitudes to fully understand the diversity patterns of microbial communities in the ocean.
Produção de haloalcaloides por fungos de ambiente terrestre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-02)
Silva, José Vinicius da
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Rodrigues Filho, Edson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2434474647454729
The production of secondary metabolites by microorganisms is a tool to find new substances with potential pharmacological activities of human interest. Thus, the search for more extreme environments or even exposure of isolated in extreme conditions lead to the production of new natural products. The fungus Penicillium chrysogenum was able to produce the containing bromine atom alkaloid derived from the biosynthetic pathway of dicetopiperazinic alkaloids. Under natural conditions, the fungus produces roquefortine C, when the culture medium was added ammonium bromide, the microorganism produced 11-bromoroquefortine D, 11-bromoroquertine C and 17-oxy-11-C bromoroquefortine. These metabolites have biosynthetic origin by condensation of tryptophan with histidine and trimethyalil group. There are reports in the literature that the first biosynthetic step of halogenated alkaloid derivatives of tryptophan would be halogenation of this amino acid. The synthesis of bromotryptophan was performed and the formation of three regioisomers were detected. The extract containing the isomers was added to the culture medium during the growth of the fungus and analysis of LCHRMS/MS observed the formation of 11-bromoroquefortine C. Synthesis of roquefortine C with sodium hypobromite has also led to the formation of 11-bromoroquefortine C. During the search of the gene responsible for the expression of halogenase in Penicillium chrysogenum a gene fragment compatible with halogenases deposited in databases was detected and isolated. In Talaromyces wortmannii, fungus isolated from Mallus domestica, producer of some halogenated alkaloid known as rugulovasins, a gene fragment compatible with fungal halogenases was also detected and isolated. Strains belonging to Penicillium and Aspergillus isolated and deposited in mycology collection of LaBioMMi were grown on solid medium and analyzed by MALDI-TOF to build a database. All the microorganisms were separated by gender and grouped into dendrograms for checking the similarity between species. It was also found that the modification of the culture medium does not influence directly the profile obtained from microorganisms.
Atividades práticas para o ensino do conceito de tangente no 9° ano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-09-02)
Cruzado, Fábio Leandro
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
We introduce some geometric experiments to the students, and particularly the handling of right-angled triangles, with the clear purpose of inserting, firming and emphasizing the importance, historical and practical, of the concept and meaning of the geometric tangent in an entire acute angle in triangle. Later, the students built a rudimentary theodolite that was used to measure vertical angles of tops inaccessible objects from the ground and consequently the estimate of their heights. The prospect objects were trees, poles, masts, antennas, spotlights, among other more familiar to the students of the ninth grade in elementary school.