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Algoritmo genético com operador de transgenia para minimização de makespan da programação reativa da produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Viana, Monique Simplicio; Morandin Júnior, Orides; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2170916137102628
In recent years, several studies have been carried out to minimize the production time (makespan) in a production schedule of a scenario that represents a manufacturing system. The problem of production scheduling is classified as a combinatorial problem belongs to the NP-hard class of computational problems. Furthermore, in a real world production system, there are many unexpected events (eg, review of production, entry of new products, breaking machines, etc.). To deal with the interruptions of the initial programming, we need to change any settings, which is called reactive production schedule or, simply, reactive scheduling. As a problem of combinatorial features, meta-heuristics is widely used in its resolution. This paper proposes a method that uses an evolutionary meta-heuristic Genetic Algorithm in conjunction with an operator called “Transgenics”, which allows to manipulate the genetic material of individuals adding features which are believed to be important, with the proposal to direct some population of individuals to a more favorable solution to the problem without removing the diversity of the population with a lower cost of time. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. The objective of this study is to use the Genetic Algorithm with transgenics Operator obtain a reactive programming acceptable response time to minimize the makespan value. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm is able to bring better results than the makespan algorithm and compared in a shorter processing time due to the search direction which provides transgenic operator.
Fragmentos de DNA mitocondrial e nuclear nos estudos de taxonomia e filogenia de Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Rosa, Keila de Cassia Coelho; Peronti, Ana Lucia Benfatti Gonzalez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4064576183554693; Silva, Carlos Roberto Sousa e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4890369735136839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984640335958321
Molecular biology techniques, such as DNA sequencing to verify genetic polymorphisms, have been increasingly used in taxonomy studies and phylogenetic systematics. The mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI), chosen to be a universal marker of barcode of life (DNA barcoding), has been used in the identification of many living organisms, as well as for intraspecific variability studies, find cryptic species, among other uses. Phylogenetic studies generally combine two or more markers to increase the resolution at different taxonomic levels. Therefore, in this study, these techniques were employed to help taxonomy and phylogeny studies of scale insect species belonging to the Ceroplastinae Atkinson (Hemiptera: Coccidae). In the first chapter, DNA barcoding sequences were generated for four new species of the genus Ceroplastes Gray that were described morphologically. The integrated use of genetic and morphological data facilitated the establishment of the species, despite the phenotypic variability presented by some of the species. In the second chapter, fragments of COI and 28S genes were used to confirm that the Ceroplastes glomeratus Peronti species has two different forms, changing the behavior and morphological characters in different generations. In the third chapter, the molecular data obtained by sequencing of small fragments of COI and 28S genes grouped were used to construct phylogenetic hypothesis among the Ceroplastinae species studied here, testing groups that have been proposed previously for some species with distribution in the state of São Paulo, applying the methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesin inference.
Pneumonia e vulnerabilidade social : um olhar para família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Souza, Renata Olzon Dionysio de; Dupas, Giselle; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9461883918498554; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8223503716906093
Introduction and purpose: Disease of important medical and social impact, pneumonia reaches, especially, the age of children under five years. The family, responsible for child care should be understood in this context. Thus this research aimed to "understand the family as a unit of care in the child's illness situation pneumonia." Methodology: Descriptive documentary research led families of children hospitalized for pneumonia, under 5 years of age from areas of greater social vulnerability, in which the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) was used for data collection and analysis of results Results: 245 admissions were analyzed, which pointed to 22 families who contemplated the purpose of the study, of which 14 effectively participated in the interview. The application of CFAM granted us to observed families in the life cycle of development of young children, receiving the support of the extended family, using the various health facilities, unordered form and not referenced, with difficult access. The daily activities allowed to observe the care provided to children from the moment of prenatal, through breastfeeding and the mothercraft, in care for the prevention and disease situation. The female figure was more present in the mother's form and support of grandparents, and beliefs permeated the attitudes related to the disease in an attempt to control. Conclusion: This research allowed us to understand how health promotion occurs in the family unit, considering its support and the relationship with the health networks. Regarding the institutions, it was found not to effectiveness in carrying out its role. The model allowed a comprehensive look and systematized the family, demonstrating the need to understand the singularity of each, a movement, essential for nursing, making it possible to build jointly solutions, timely and assertive.
Análise da atitude de jovens universitários com relação ao ciclismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Dezani, Adriana Alvarenga; Sanches, Suely da Penha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1211535633246019
The use of bicycles as a transportation way has been in discussion for some time. Versatile, lightweight, quiet and clean, the bike can be part of the solution to the transport problems that occur in big cities. The increasing saturation of the city roads by automobiles have recently reinforced the importance of bikes, now suggested as an alternative for sustainable mobility. It is has been noticed that it is no longer used just by leisure, sport or toy means, and has definitely become a transport option, either for financial reasons, agility, welfare, health, convenience or due to the deficiency of public transport. In this research we aimed at studying the applicability of the Theory of Planned Behavior in order to analyze the attitude of university students towards cycling, aiming at identifying the behavioral factors that can explain the bike option for utility trips (to work and to school). The methodology has started by the bibliographic research in order to identify the factors that influence the attitude towards cycling, followed by the development of the survey instrument. Targeting this end, we have developed a questionnaire based on the three constructs of Planned Behavior Theory and based on observable variables on the habit and intention in using the bike, betaking the Google Drive tool for this purpose. The questionnaire was sent via email to undergraduates and also it was applied in classrooms, with the authorization of the professors in four public universities (one in each city). From the 1,200 questionnaires sent 705 valid forms were answered on a proper way. The data collection for this research was carried out in public institutions of higher education in São Carlos - SP, São José do Rio Preto - SP, Campo Grande - MS and Tupã - SP. For data analysis, we have used confirmatory factor analysis, factor analysis and cluster analyzes. The survey results allow a better understanding about the construct Attitude towards bicycle use.Throughout the study it was identified that the construct Attitude comes to be represented by three factors: Quality (Health, Economy, Environment), Freedom (Independence, Speed) and Insecurity (accidents, robbery). Another remark was that not always the more positive value for the attitude implies ona strong intention to use the bike. It is considered that this research reached its main goals and the results contribute to the settlement of the policy guidelines encouragement on using bicycles on utilitarian trips, given that the implementation of a program to encourage the use of bicycle policy can bring economic and environmental benefitsfor a city.
Análise do efeito de alterações de parâmetros de projeto em coletores solares planos para aquecimento de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Silva, Gildásio de Paula; Barreto, Douglas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369326190168139; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3758558559712642
The objective of this work is to present the manufacturing parameters of the solar collectors, subject to modification, resulting in improved performance. A discretization of the components of the solar collector was made, identifying the points that could be improved, the importance of each one and its influence on the operation of the collector as a whole. These modifications were simulated by means of a mathematical model, namely: the position of the absorber surface; The distance between the absorber surface and transparent cover; The relationship between thickness and width of the absorber surface. The EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software was used to perform the simulation. The model that was implemented in the EES was a flat solar collector of 1.0 m². After the simulation was carried out, three prototypes were built, one with characteristics common to the collectors available in the market and called the Standard and two more manufactured with the proposed modifications. All the models were sent to the Thermal Efficiency test in a laboratory accredited by INMETRO. The results of the simulation indicated that the change in the position of the absorber surface shows an increase of 0.11 m² in the absorber area of the collector; The computational simulation indicated that the increase in the distance between the absorber surface and the transparent cover in the collectors generated an increase in heat loss from the top of the collector of 0.058 W / m²K; The change of the thickness and width of the absorber surface generated a reduction in the efficiency of 94% in the standard collector to 90% in the proposed prototype. The combination of the mounting position and the distance between the absorber surface and the cover showed a 5% increase in the energy production of this collector. For the results of the laboratory tests it was observed that the prototype with the modifications in the thickness and width of the absorber surface showed a decrease in its performance and the prototype with the combination of the mounting position with the distance between the absorber surface did not show an improvement in its performance , Which was contrary to the mathematical model and whose explanation is due to the uncertainty of ± 2.92% of the production line of the company supplying the prototypes.
Heterostructure formation of BiVO4 with different Bi compounds : role of the heterojunction on photocatalytic properties
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Lopes, Osmando Ferreira; Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9493281509128559
Semiconductors employed as photocatalysts that can be activated by visible irradiation have attracted intense scientific interest due to their applications in heterogeneous photocatalysis. BiVO4 is a semiconductor with band gap value of 2.4 eV; however, this material exhibits poor photocatalytic activity mainly due to the rapid recombination of electron/hole pair. An efficient strategy to overcome this challenge is through the formation of type-II heterostructures. Based on this overview, this work aimed at: (i) developing methods to obtain heterostructures composed of BiVO4 and different bismuth compounds (t-BiVO4, Bi2O3 e Bi2O2CO3), (ii) to evaluate the effect of heterojunction formation on photocatalytic properties, and (iii) to study the mechanisms of charge transfer and organic pollutants degradation. Initially, this work investigated the synthesis of BiVO4 by oxidant peroxide method, and it was observed that the main reason for the poor photoactivity of BiVO4 is its inability to reduce O2 to O2 •-. In order to overcome this challenge, we attempted to obtain heterostructures between monoclinic BiVO4 and tetragonal BiVO4 phases (m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4) by oxidant peroxide method. It was verified that m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructures exhibited better photocatalytic performance in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye than their isolated phases, under visible irradiation. HRTEM images revealed that the heterostructured sample was composed of nanoparticles with average size of 10 nm, the m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 interface was also evidenced. The mechanisms of charge transfer between the phases and organic pollutant oxidation were proposed in agreement with the obtained results by XPS, mass spectroscopy and TOC analysis. Holes (h+), superoxide anion (O2 -•) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were the primary active species responsible for MB photodegradation. The increase of m-BiVO4/t-BiVO4 heterostructure photoactivity occurred due to the formation of a suitable heterojunction, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated charges. However, this method presented difficulties in the control of heterostructure morphology and composition, because it is based on a simultaneous two-phase crystallization process. Therefore, we developed a novel strategy for heterostructure tailoring driven by solubility difference of two semiconductors that possess at least one metal in common. For this, the formation of heterojunctions by BiVO4 growth on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 self-sacrificial surface was evaluated. For the Bi2O3/BiVO4 heterostructures, the amount of xiv heterojunctions formed between Bi2O3 and BiVO4 was tuned by synthesis process variables (temperature and V concentration) and the particle size of preformed Bi2O3 (i.e. solubility difference). The heterojunctions were evidenced by HRTEM images, where the growth of BiVO4 nanoparticles on Bi2O3 or Bi2O2CO3 surface was observed. Time resolved photoluminescence and XPS results confirmed that the formation of type-II heterostructure led to increase of charge carriers lifetime. The proposed synthesis strategy showed efficiency in obtaining Bi2O3/BiVO4 and Bi2O2CO3/BiVO4 heterostructures with controlled morphology and composition that improved photoactivity when compared to their isolated phases.
O território nas práticas da estratégia saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Gurgel, Maria Dorise Simão Lopes; Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1972453197208714
Starting from the assumption that even the territory being the central element in the working process of family health teams, these teams still have difficulties in using it for the implementation of health practices, advancing slowly towards the achievement of the integral model of health care. The aim of this study is to analyze how the family health teams in the city of Pocos de Caldas understand the territory in their health practices. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research. Focal groups with six family health teams were conducted, where doctors, nurses, community health workers and nursing technicians were interviewed. The data were subjected to content analysis, thematic modality. The results of this study are presented in the form of two articles. The first article, titled: “The meaning of territory for family health teams” discussed two categories: "Beyond the geographical boundaries: from the concept of territory to the reality of the territory" and "The (non)participation of the team in delimiting the territory. " The second article, titled: “Health actions and needs in the territory of family health” discussed the following categories: "Understandings and coping strategies in the diversity of the territory", "Development of practices to the territory: possibilities and difficulties "," the role of municipal management in supporting actions in the territory. The results showed that the understanding of territory for the study participants at first is restricted to the concept of geographical area of delimitation, but when they reflect on their working reality, they express the diversities and dynamism of this service territory. They also refer that access is a limiting factor in the development of the practice of the teams and express on the matrix support being a potentiator of work, and that the precariousness of information systems limits the actions of employees. The management was seen as incipient, helping minority in the work process and discussions. Team dissatisfaction reports were identified in relation to the process of demarcation of the territory to be held in isolation by the staff of the municipal administration and difficulties generated in the work process were pointed out. The importance of managers to support decision-making teams and appreciate the participation of workers and the population in the delimitation of the territories to improve health practices was emphasized.
Sistemas de gestão de aprendizagem e o professor no século XXI : uma análise discursiva dos efeitos das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação na formação do imaginário docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Ferreira, Ana Elisa Sobral Caetano da Silva; Abreu, Ana Silvia Couto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7461517670259813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0322712366911621
The main purpose of this study is to analyze, by using Discursive Sequences, the paradox established during the construction of the teacher’s image in the twenty-first century. The corpus of this research consists of two Learning Management Systems (LMS) - Schoology and Edmodo - and official documents such as Leis de Diretrizes e Bases. French Discourse Analysis will be used as theory and method, in which authors as Pêcheux (1995, 2008) and Orlandi (2004, 2009, 2014) define concepts such as paraphrasing and metaphor for construction and maintenance of discourse. These concepts, related to Dominique Julia’s theory (2000), evoke the discursive memory and its effects on the development of the teacher’s image due to technological changes.
Mapeamento de QTLs associados à resistência a Alternaria alternata em híbridos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-08-29) Campos, Kelly Aparecida Fernandes de; Bastianel, Marinês; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523177587459092; Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2836875826060702
Alternaria brown spot (ABS) disease is caused by a fungus of Alternaria genus, that causes injury and fruit depreciation, leaves fall, drought of pointers and new shoots. The action of the fungus Alternaria alternata f. sp. citri is directly associated by the presence of toxin receptors on susceptible genotypes. The objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize the phenotype of 264 citrus hybrids obtained from crossing LPA Pera de Abril sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) vs H163, a hybrid between Murcott tangor (C. reticulata x C. sinensis) x Pera sweet orange (C. sinensis), for response to A. alternata, via conidia suspension inoculation of detached young leaves (in vitro) and (2) construction of a linkage map using DArT_seq markers to identify possible QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) associated to disease resistance. The fungus was isolated from lesions of Murcott tangor fruits with ABS symptoms and inoculated via conidia suspension on detached young leaves (in vitro). Two hundred and thirty five hybrids were evaluated and 70 (30%) showed different levels of disease symptoms after 72 hours of inoculation with the fungus on detached leaves and 165 (70%) were asymptomatic. The integrated linkage map, built with OneMap program, resulted in 726 DArT_seqTM and three SSR molecular markers that covered nine linkage groups, corresponding to the haploid number of chromosomes of the specie. Using the values of AUDPC, seven QTLs associated with resistance to ABS were localized in linkage groups of the integrated map. The integrated linkage map of Pera de Abril sweet orange (LPA) vs. H163 has a high degree of synteny with pseudo-chromosomes of sweet orange (C. sinensis).