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Efeito da temperatura sobre as interações cardiorrespiratórias em sapos Rhinella schneideri
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-26) Zena, Lucas Aparecido; Bícego, Kênia Cardoso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169967378071426; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3847299377846753
For adequate blood supply to match metabolic demand, vertebrates regulate blood pressure (BP) in order to maintain adequate perfusion of target organs avoiding ischemia and tissue damage like edema. Effective short-term BP regulation in anuran amphibians occurs through adjustments in heart rate (HR), peripheral vascular resistance, and changing pulsatile frequency of lymph hearts. In addition, pulmonary ventilation in anurans is directly linked to blood volume homeostasis by facilitating lymph fluid movement back into the cardiovascular system which takes place by changing pressure and volume within anurans' lymphatic sacs. It is apparent that an interaction between baroreflex regulation and breathing control exists in anuran amphibians. In the present study I used pharmacological methods (phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside; infusion ramp and in bolus methods) to investigate baroreflex sensitivity at different temperatures in the cururu toad Rhinella schneideri. I evaluated the degree to which arterial baroreflex plays a role in pulmonary ventilation in the cururu toad. Baroreflex regulation in the toad R. schneideri was temperature dependent and influenced the toad’s ventilation. Hypotension and hypertension resulted in increases and decreases in HR, respectively, as well as increases and decreases in pulmonary ventilation mainly through adjustments in breathing frequency. In contrast to data from the literature, anuran amphibians seem to defend lower BP events primarily rather than hypertension independent of temperature. Anurans exhibit higher rates of transcapillary fluid filtration which means during hypertension fluid filtration is increased and excess interstitial fluid formation will be reclaimed by an efficient lymphatic system. Therefore, besides pulmonary ventilation's role in matching O2 delivery to demand (e.g. temperatures) in anurans, it also plays a role in BP regulation possibly owing to an interaction between baroreflex control and respiratory areas in the brain.
Índice de qualidade da mobilidade urbana a pé para pessoas idosas (IQMUI)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-26) Silva Filho, Nivaldo Gerôncio da; Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8635574183164362
Especially you can see that planning not just urban mobility but of infrastructure linked to it, is the result of a great debate and discussion. The impetus given by the mobility in recent years, has taken such a high proportion that affects all modes ratings. Thus, the debate and the discussion ran high, especially from the 1970s and 1980s, when urban problems started to become more evident, because of the swelling of cities and therefore the lack of adequate infrastructure to meet all the wants and needs of the population. It is true that the displacement requirements are supported by law and concerns a right guaranteed, which is to come and go. Due to the fragility of planning, several problems began to emerge in urban areas among which the gaps in the interpretation of responsibilities between the three spheres federal, state and municipal government; and priority when the execution, which in the case of Brazil adopted the exclusionary model of motorized displacement means at the expense of non-motorized. Moreover, even in cases where there is a structure for the foot displacement, this is sometimes precarious especially in medium and large cities. To make the most critical issue in such circumstances arises an aggravating is the rather sharp increase in the elderly population in Brazil, which need special care when it comes to urban infrastructure, particularly walkways and driveways, as this population is characterized among others aspects of weaknesses that are directly linked to displacement. In other words, to the pedestrian does not have mobility problems the infrastructure is already precarious, for the elderly aggravating are significant to the point of making the displacement of this population almost impossible. The set associated with shifts in sidewalks, driveways and crossings are analyzed as a whole may even have satisfactory concepts, but when viewed individually could reach worry levels. In response to these needs, the main objective of this thesis is to propose, in order to improve planning in regard to walkways and driveways, an index to estimate the quality of walkways and driveways facing the elderly population, through 14 indicators divided by 3 groups of subjects. After a comprehensive literature review that brings together different areas of knowledge, it proposed a methodology that initially provides for the incorporation of the opinion of many experts, through a questionnaire. So that the responses to the questionnaire were informed due to some peculiar characteristics of the elderly segment. Pursuant to the case study in a medium-sized city, in general, the results obtained with the index established by the model, have proved to be satisfactory. In conclusion, even considering as a satisfactory result the methodology indicates that it is necessary to provide improvements to walkways and driveways, as the elderly segment requires more appropriate structures.
Teorema de Pitágoras, aplicações de demonstrações em sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-26) Tartaglia Filho, Leonardo; Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
[ENG]The official curriculum of the state of São Paulo in their spiral character, discusses the Pythagorean Theorem as one of their learning situations for the 9th year of elementary school, and on top of that content, contextualizes the topic in several other opportunities in high school, one of the most common theories in the Euclidean geometry. The work contributes in the creation of skills and competencies necessary for the understanding of geometry, which is apparent or not the figure of the right triangle, with the aim of providing tools for students to build knowledge necessary in order to find solutions to the problems posed by notebook student, which is the basic curriculum for all students of the state of São Paulo school. The activities, as workshops and activity sheets, proposed by the developer of this dissertation were applied to 35 students of the 9th grade of elementary school of the State School Pedro Bento Alves, located in central city of Arandu, state of São Paulo, which has in its framework students 800 students, divided shapeless way in 22 classrooms. Through the activity sheets, the author made the draft statements for the Pythagorean Theorem through manual labor, which believes it has a more significant effect to the students. The results were analyzed and compared with the assumptions previously raised during the preparation and creation of the dissertation, and the Didactic Engineering as the main research methodology and data analysis. Proposals classes had a good development because students behaved as protagonists of actions, being motivated and participative during the execution of activities. Students reached the proposed objectives, understanding that the material developed provided a different routine, as it has been applied, and thus conclude that the leaves of activities will be useful to all teachers who want to develop them in their classes, adapting -the as reality, performance and utilization of their students. The work contributed greatly to the professional development of the author, since rethink strategies and pursue new activities through research, raised the level of knowledge on the subject, which provided new practices in the classroom.